| 1. |
- Boholm, Max, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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The many faces of nano in newspaper reporting
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Nanoparticle Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1388-0764 .- 1572-896X. ; 14:2, s. 722-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The morpheme nano in languages such as Swedish and English is a constituent of many words. This article linguistically analyses the meaning potential of nano by focusing on word use in a Swedish newspaper corpus comprising 2,564 articles (1.6 million words) covering a 22-year period (1988–2010). Close to 400 word forms having nano as a constituent have been identified and analyzed. The results suggest that nano covers a broad and heterogeneous conceptual field: (i) as a prefix of the SI system; (ii) in relation to the scientific activities of nanoscience and nanotechnology, including their sub-processes and actors; and (iii) in relation to objects. The identified meanings of nano, besides the standard definition (i.e. ‘billionth part’ in relation to SI units), are ‘operating at the nanometre level’ in relation to activities and their actors and ‘nanometre sized’ and ‘nanotechnological’ in relation to objects; in addition, the less precise and non-technical meaning ‘very small’ is identified. We discuss the implications of the findings for a hypothesis about media influence on public understanding of technology, suggesting that repeated findings in Europe and the USA of little self-reported understanding and knowledge of nanotechnology or nanoscience among the public make sense in light of the polysemy of nano reflected in its broad variety of verbal forms and usages.
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| 2. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Riskhanteringsbeslut inom transportsektorn: Slutredovisning av forskningsprojektet TRANSAM 2007-2010
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom transportsystemet fattas dagligen otaliga beslut om att hantera risker som hotar människors liv och hälsa, ekonomiska värden eller miljön. Bland beslutsfattarna återfinns statliga och kommunala myndigheter på olika nivåer, privata företag som trafikoperatörer, bygg‐ och konstruktionsentreprenörer och konsultfirmor. Frågor om risk och säkerhet hanteras ofta av grupper och nätverk bestående av privata och offentliga aktörer som samverkar för att utföra och planera offentliga verksamheter. Riskbeslut i infrastruktur‐ och trafikplanering fattas därför ofta gemensamt av aktörer med olika mål, värderingar och prioriteringar. Skiljaktigheter i uppfattningar och erfarenheter bidrar tillsammans med organisatoriska specialiseringar och myndigheters specialiserade sektoriella ansvarsområden och beslutskompetens till hög komplexitet i beslutsprocessen. Syftet med forskningsprojektet Riskhanteringsbeslut inom transportsektorn (2007‐2010), vid Centrum för forskning om offentlig sektor (CEFOS), Göteborgs universitet, har varit att bidra med ökad kunskap om beslutsfattande som sker i komplexa beslutssituationer i samverkan mellan offentliga och privata aktörer. Projektet har varit ett samhällsvetenskapligt mångdisciplinärt forskningsprojekt baserat på ämnesperspektiv från socialantropologi, statsvetenskap, offentlig förvaltning, företagsekonomi, riskforskning och kulturgeografi. Inom ramen för projektet har faktiska beslutsprocesser studerats i realtid och i de institutionella, sociala och politiska sammanhang de ingår i.
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| 3. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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A relational theory of risk
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. ; 14:2, s. 175-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper outlines a relational theory of risk. According to this theory, risk emerges from situated cognition that establishes a relationship of risk between a risk object and an object at risk, so that the risk object is considered, under certain contingent circumstances and in some causal way, to threaten the valued object at risk. This relational theory of risk is a theory about the interpretative nature of risk that answers the key theoretical and practical questions of why and how something is considered a risk. The relational theory of risk allows for the interpretation of risk situations as culturally informed, and thereby suggests new ways to approach risk communication, risk governance, and risk management by taking into account bounded rationalities of thought and action.
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| 4. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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A relational theory of risk: lessons for risk communication
- 2014
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Ingår i: Effective risk communication. Red Joseph Arvai & Louie Rivers III. - London, New York & London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis, Earthscan. - 9781849712651 ; , s. 1-22
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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Hyperkomplexitet i järnvägsplanering
- 2011
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Ingår i: Våra villkor I verkligheten. Den beskrivande ekonomin, red. T Polesie & E. Broniewicz. - Göteborg : BAS School of Management.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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Nanotechnology, Anthropomorphic Matter and Human Machinery: An Exploration of the Longue Durée of Technological Vision
- 2014
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Ingår i: ASA Online. Journal of the Association of Social Anthropologists. - 2073-4158. ; 1:09, s. 1-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing global trend of emerging innovation, nanotechnology is associated with a host of hopes for a new era for humankind. Reminiscent of the preoccupation of medieval alchemy with uncovering the ultimate secret of how to master matter and spirit, the idea of ‘molecular manufacturing’ that characterizes the more radical visionary approaches in nanotechnology is oriented towards the discovery and engineering of the fundamentals of life and matter. A desire not only to design and develop ‘intelligent’ artefacts and tools imbued with cognitive faculties, but also to technologically enhance humans themselves to defy illness, ageing and ultimately death, has from its inception constituted a core element of visionary nanotechnology. By drawing a historical parallel with medieval alchemy, this paper identifies and discusses visionary elements of nanotechnology conceptions of what it means to be human in relation to materiality and artefacts. The unstable and eroding boundaries actualized by nanotechnology – between what is considered intrinsically natural, technological or human, and what is not – are addressed from theoretical perspectives in anthropology and philosophy that pertain to the cultural and social dimensions of technology, material agency and cognition.
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| 10. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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On the organizational practice of expert-based risk management: A case of railway planning
- 2010
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Ingår i: Risk Management. - 1460-3799. ; 12:4, s. 235-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In government and business, there is a growing trend towards using standardized tools and guidelines under the assumption that formal approaches will make risk management effective and successful. However, studies of organizational practice show that risk and safety management is intuitive and experience based. The relationship between formal risk management and risk management as practice therefore needs critical assessment. This case study of railway planning found that, although risk identification and assessment was orchestrated according to a formal risk management protocol, the process was guided by practical reasoning based on expert, intuitive and socially situated knowledge drawing on experience. It is concluded that risk management needs to be contextualized from a practical organizational perspective in which responsibility, expertise, accountability, trust, coordination and communication are essential.
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| 11. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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Path dependence and the ordering of expectations
- 2011
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Ingår i: Methods and models - used in the project Pathways to Sustainable European Energy Systems, red. F. Jonsson. - Mölndal : Alliance for Global Sustainability. - 9789197858526 ; , s. 59-62
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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Temporality and joint commitment in railway planning
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Decisions are seen from a phenomenological lens focusing on their characteristic temporal and flexible structure of meaning. In a bureaucratic social setting emphasizing procedural rules, legal constraints and formal rationality the temporality of decisions can prove to be problematic. The physical planning of transport systems infrastructure projects is characterized by high level of social, material, technical and regulatory complexity. Drawing on ethnographic observations of railway planning meetings this case study explores how decision processes over time are shaped by the inter-dependency of planning actors, their co-ordination of action and adaptive expectations. The paper contributes to the understanding of the interrelatedness of decision processes in organizational contexts, following a “messy” logic of practical and material considerations, negotiations of what is to be considered to be of value, and not the least, post-hoc rationalizations.
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| 14. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The practice of risk governance: lessons from the field
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 15:1, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contradistinction to generic and formal risk governance models such as the IRGC framework, this paper advocates the relevance of a contextual and practice-based approach to organizational risk governance. Three cases illustrate the socially situated dynamics of risk governance practice: public transportation management, river management, and railway planning. Risk governance is shown to derive from how actors, in their daily activities, mediate multi-level and regulatory institutional constraints, and solve actual problems through routines, trust, mutual understanding and not least, shared commitment to the societal role of infrastructure. Our findings underscore that risk governance takes place in contexts that are historically, spatially and institutionally situated. We therefore suggest that one needs to pay attention to the characteristics of this contextuality to understand the social dynamics of governance.
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| 15. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953
(författare)
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The social embedding of infrastructure development
- 2011
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Ingår i: European energy pathways: Pathways to sustainable European energy systems, red. F. Jonsson. - Mölndal : Alliance for Global Sustainability. ; , s. 85-90
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
- Henning, Annette, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropology and decision making : an introduction
- 2013
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Ingår i: Focaal. Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology. - Nijmegen : Focaal. - 1558-5263 .- 0920-1297. ; :65, s. 97-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This introductory article calls for a critical re-examination of a plethora of phenomena relating to choice and decision-making, occasionally addressed by anthropologists, but more regularly studied by economists, political scientists, psychologists and organization scholars. By means of a bird's eye research overview, we identify certain weak spots pertaining to a formalistic uni-central view of human rationality, and argue that ethnographic approaches casting light on cultural contexts for thought, reason and action can explain how choices are framed and constituted from horizons of perceptions and expectations. A positive account of socially and culturally embedded decision-making heralds a mode of anthropology with a broad, integrating capacity to address public policy and administration and its interactions with everyday experience and practice.
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| 17. |
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Horizons of Choice : An ethnographic approach to decision-making
- 2013. - 65
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- With this set of three interlinked papers, we wish to push for a more integrated ethnographic approach to decision-making. Each of the three contributions explicitly explores the cultural embedding of interactions and processes leading up to decisions. The introductory paper by Boholm, Henning and Krzyworzeka calls for a critical re-examination of a plethora of phenomena relating to choice and decision-making, occasionally addressed by anthropologists, but more regularly studied by economists, political scientists, psychologists, and organization scholars. The empirical foci of the following two articles by Krzyworzeka and by Sjölander-Lindquist and Sinque are on decision-making among farmers in Poland and among wild life inspectors in Sweden, respectively. As indicated by the subjects of these case studies, we aim particularly to engage in discussions about decision-making with strong societal relevance.
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| 18. |
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New Perspectives on Risk Communication: Uncertainty in a Complex Society
- 2011
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- That risk communication ranks high on the policymaking agenda is beyond discussion today. The field is a point of intersection of social communication, practical management and policy making. It covers such diverse activities as to inform and educate the public about risk, and risk management in order to influence attitudes and behaviour, to act in situations of emergency or crises, to aid in decision-making and to assist in conflict resolution. Communication has grown into a major concern in current risk governance based on network co-ordinated management of public affairs conducted by authorities and companies and is recognized as a key component in the government of risk. This is especially salient in policy fields relating to environmental planning and resource management, urban planning, chemical and food regulation, or infrastructure planning, development and maintenance. This book explores risk communication research with a focus on new theoretical perspectives, research findings, and applied goals. It reflects on a broad range of innovative theoretical perspectives, methodological approaches and empirical areas. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Risk Research.
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