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- Alter, George, et al.
(författare)
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The family and mortality : A case study from rural Belgium
- 2001
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Ingår i: Annales de Démographie Historique. - 0066-2062 .- 1776-2774. ; 2001, s. 11-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differences in mortality among families give us clues about the importance of unobserved health-related behaviors. For example, if lower mortality was due to types of personal behavior learned in childhood, it should carry over to mortality at older ages. In this paper we use records from a nineteenth-century Belgian community to look at differences at mortality differences among families in two ways. First, we construct a direct measure of exposure to disease in childhood by counting the number of children in each family that died before age 15. Second, we calculate the overall effect of inter-family differences by using a "random effect" model that estimates the variance of the "family effect". Both of these measures show a strong family effect in childhood, but this effect diminishes after age 15 and disappears after age 55. Moreover, in a period still dominated by infectious diseases, those who survived diseases in childhood acquired immunities that helped them in later life.
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- Broström, Göran
(författare)
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Cox regression, Ties without tears
- 2002
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Ingår i: Communications in Statistics: Theory and Methods. ; 31, s. 285-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Bygren, Lars Olov, et al.
(författare)
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Change in food availability during pregnancy : Is it related to adult sudden death from cerebro- and cardiovascular disease in offspring?
- 2000
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1042-0533 .- 1520-6300. ; 12:4, s. 447-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maternal access to food during pregnancy affects birth weight and other characteristics of offspring. It has been suggested that fluctuations in food availability during infancy, ranging from plentiful to starvation, may influence cerebro-cardiovascular risk factors for the offspring during adult life. This study was designed to test the correlation between food availability changes during life before birth and adult sudden death from disease. This was a follow-up study of ancient cohorts in the parish of Skelleftea, Sweden, comprising 7,572 individuals born between 1805 and 1849 and still alive at age 40. Food availability variations in the parish during their prenatal life were ascertained from historical sources, the main outcome measures being overall mortality and mortality from sudden death in the age range 40-70 years. The risk of sudden death was almost doubled for those whose mothers were struck by a poor harvest during the early stages of pregnancy, but who experienced a good harvest toward the end. Yet almost the same over-risk was evident for the converse case: plentiful food supply in early pregnancy followed by a poor harvest toward the end. A stable maternal access to food during pregnancy is important for the offspring's risk of sudden death from cerebro- and cardiovascular disease as an adult.
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