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- Baumgartner, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Unequal Exchange and Uneven Development
- 1976
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Ingår i: Studies in comparative international development. - 0039-3606 .- 1936-6167. ; 11, s. 51-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Buckley, Walter, 1937-, et al.
(författare)
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Structural Resolutions of Collective Action Problems
- 1974
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Ingår i: Behavioral Science. - : Wiley. - 0005-7940 .- 1099-1743. ; 19:5, s. 277-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper concerns itself with the general problem of achieving cooperation in human groups and higher levels of social systems. Several social situations are considered where cooperation is problematic because self-interest contradicts group or collective interest: the prisoners' dilemma game; the commons' problem (Hardin, 1972); the collective action problem, i.e., the failure of memberships of many large interest groups, e.g., consumers and the general public, to cooperate to achieve common goals (Olson, 1968); and the problem of competitive panics, e.g., a crowd in a burning theater. We introduce a structural framework and methodology, using social system level concepts, to characterize and analyze such problems. It is shown that the various cases have a common underlying structure. In the analysis, we focus on the social context of the problematic situations and, in particular, on social processes that structure human interaction and collective behavior. A basic idea guiding the analysis is that actors purposively structure and transform interaction situations or games into situations of greater or less cooperation or conflict, depending upon the social context. We examine specific social control processes that may be found operating in social systems to resolve problems of achieving cooperative action, that is, to deal with contradictions between individual interests and autonomy on the one hand and group interest and need for cooperative action on the other. In particular, we focus on the social structuring and restructuring in groups of perceptions and evaluations, action possibilities, and decision procedures and, therefore, likely interaction patterns of those involved.
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- Burns, Tom R., et al.
(författare)
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Introduction and Overview
- 1976
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Ingår i: Power and Control. - London/Beverly Hills : Sage Publications.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
- Burns, Tom R., et al.
(författare)
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Power and Ritual
- 1977
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Ingår i: Ritual and Structuralism. - New York : Columbia University Press.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 33. |
- Burns, Tom R.
(författare)
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Unequal Exchange and Uneven Development in Social Life : Continuities in a Structural Theory of Social Exchange
- 1977
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Ingår i: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 20:3, s. 217-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper takes up two basic concepts in a structural theory of social exchange: the structuring of exchange systems and unequal exchange. The latter is conceptualized in terms of structural consequences of ex change activity. The two concepts are used to analyze the role of exchange activity in the production and reproduction of social structure and cor responding exchange systems.The intentional structuring of exchange systems is the focus of the second part (Structuring exchange systems) with two examples from inter national political economy: the structuring of England/Portugal trade re lations in the seventeenth century and the formation of Bretton Woods economic institutions. The third part (Social structure and unequal ex change) examines the reciprocal relationship between social structure and unequal exchange processes. A general model is formulated and applied to exchange systems at different societal levels: husband/wife exchange. capitalist employer/labor exchange, and exchange between enterprises of developed and those of less developed countries. The fourth part (Ques tions for the future) refers to two matters for future research: the trans formation of unequal exchange systems and the role of social context in structuring the logic of social action and meaning in exchange activity.
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| 35. |
- Burns, Tom R., et al.
(författare)
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Work and Power
- 1979
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Bok (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
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