| 1. |
- Bylund, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Anticancer effects of a plant lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol on a prostate cancer model in vivo.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Experimental biology and medicine. - 1535-3702 .- 1535-3699. ; 230:3, s. 217-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical intervention studies and experimental studies with lignan-rich diets suggest that lignans may have inhibitory effects on prostate cancer, but no clinical or experimental studies with purified lignans have been published. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a plant lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR) on LNCaP human prostate cancer xenografts in athymic mice. Athymic nude male mice were injected subcutaneously with LNCaP cells. Starting 3 days after tumor cell injections, a control diet or a control diet supplemented with 0.15% or 0.30% of HMR was administered to mice and the tumor take rate and growth was observed for 9 weeks. HMR diet inhibited the growth of LNCaP tumors. Mice treated with HMR had smaller tumor volume, lower tumor take rate, increased proportion of nongrowing tumors, and higher tumor cell apoptotic index compared with controls. Furthermore, the cell proliferation index was reduced in mice receiving the 0.30% HMR diet compared with mice receiving the control diet. Our results suggest that dietary HMR started at the early phase of the tumor development inhibits the growth of the LNCaP human prostate cancer xenografts in athymic male mice.
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| 2. |
- Andreasson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Project Avatar Developing a Distributed Mobile Phone Game
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Team Avatar, as the members of Project Avatar have come to be known by, is a group of 4th year computer science students at Uppsala University that have been developing a distributed mobile phone game during the fall of 2005. In this paper we describe the general design and environment of the result of Project Avatar - the game Three Crowns.
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| 3. |
- Bylund, Annika, 1954-
(författare)
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Phytoestrogens and prostate cancer : experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dietary factors may affect development and progression of prostate cancer. Experimental and epidemiological studies have suggested an effect of phytoestrogens on prostate cancer. Lignans are the predominant phytoestrogen in a Western diet. The effects of a diet rich in phytoestrogens and in particular lignans, as compared to a control diet, were assessed in several prostate cancer models. In paper I, 70 athymic nude mice with transplanted subcutaneous LNCaP tumours, an androgen sensitive human prostate cancer cell line, were fed one out of six phytoestrogen rich diets or a control diet after tumour injection. The rye diet, with high lignan content, decreased tumour take and growth, decreased secretion of prostate specific antigen and increased apoptosis. Addition of fat to the rye diet decreased the beneficial effects. In paper II, transgenic mice designed to develop prostate cancer (TRAMP) were fed rye bran or a control diet from the age of four weeks. Rye bran decreased prostate epithelial cell volume by 20%, and increased cell apoptosis by 31% as compared to the control diet. In paper III, we examined the effects of 7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR), a purified lignan, in nude mice with subcutaneous LNCaP tumours in two different concentrations as compared to a control diet. Mice on the HMR diets had a reduced tumour take rate, lower total tumour volume, increased proportion of non-growing tumours, and increased apoptosis as compared to the control diet. Paper IV was a three week intervention study exploring the effects of rye bran bread vs. a control diet in men with prostate cancer. The men in the rye group had increased levels of plasma enterolactone and in biopsies from the prostate after the intervention an increase in apoptosis was observed in comparison with biopsies obtained before the intervention. In paper V, we examined the association between plasma levels of enterolactone, and risk of prostate cancer in a nested case control study. In the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort, enterolactone concentrations were measured in plasma obtained at a mean time of 5 years before diagnosis from 265 cases of prostate cancer, and from 525 matched controls. We found no significant association between plasma enterolactone and risk of prostate cancer. Men with very low enterolactone levels (bottom decile) however, had significantly higher risk of prostate cancer. Phytoestrogen rich diet including soy, rye bran, substances purified from rye, and a purified lignan (HMR) all inhibited prostate tumour growth. However, it cannot be concluded that the effects observed were due solely to lignans as other components in rye grain such as tannins, phytic acid, ferulic acid, vitamins and minerals may have contributed to the beneficial effects. Thus, additional studies are needed to further elucidate the effects of phytoestrogens on prostate cancer development and progression.
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| 7. |
- Lindström, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Accidental deaths caused by electricity in Sweden, 1975-2000.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of forensic sciences. - 0022-1198. ; 51:6, s. 1383-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes accidental fatalities caused by electricity--at work and during leisure time--to evaluate risk factors, the role of alcohol, and to identify possible preventive strategies. In Sweden, data on fatalities by electrocution from 1975 through 2000 were collected from the National Cause-of-Death Register. Additional cases were found in the archives of The Swedish National Electrical Safety Board. Suicides and deaths by lightning were excluded. Two hundred and eighty-five deaths were found, including occupational (n=132), leisure time (n=151), and unknown (n=2). Most deaths were caused by aerial power lines, and the most common place for an electrical injury was a railway area or residential property. Postmortem blood from 20% (n=47) of the tested cases was found positive for alcohol, and these persons were killed mainly during leisure time. During the study period, the overall incidence of electricity-related fatalities has decreased, in spite of increased use of electricity. This indicates that safety improvements have been successful.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Wanhainen, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in Sweden 1994-2005
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 95:5, s. 564-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim was to study the epidemiology of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair in Sweden. Methods: Primary AAA repairs registered in the Swedish Vascular Registry between 1994 and 2005 were studied. Mortality data were obtained from the national population registry, and age- and sex-specific populations for each calendar year from Statistics Sweden. Results: Some 10 691 primary AAA repairs were identified. In the population aged 60 years or over the incidence of intact AAA repair increased from 27.0 per 100 000 in 1994-1999 to 28.8 per 100 000 in 2000-2005 (P = 0.006), while the incidence of surgery for ruptured AAA (rAAA) remained stable (13.8 versus 14.1 per 100 000; P = 0.595). Open repair with a bifurcated graft decreased, whereas endovascular repair (EVAR) increased to 35.0 per cent of intact AAA and 10.3 per cent of rAAA procedures in 2005. Patients who had EVAR were older than those undergoing open repair (74.1 versus 71.9 years; P < 0.001). The 30-day mortality rate decreased over time for intact and ruptured aneurysm operations (P = 0.001). Age, female sex and open repair (compared with EVAR) were independently associated with a higher 30-day mortality rate in a logistic regression model. Conclusion: The introduction of EVAR was associated with an increasing incidence of intact AAA repair, whereas the rate of rAAA was stable. Perioperative mortality rates decreased over time.
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| 13. |
- Östberg, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of carbon sources and micronutrients in fermented whey on the biodegradation of n-hexadecane in diesel fuel contaminated soil
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305 .- 1879-0208. ; 60:4, s. 334-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of organic amendments on the biodegradation of n-alkanes and phenanthrene in diesel contaminated soil was evaluated. The organic amendments used were fermented and non fermented sweet milk whey and the mineralization was estimated by analysis of evolved 14CO from added 14C-hexadecane, 14C-octadecane and 14C-phenanthrene. The addition of 2100 mg dry weight (dw) sweet whey kg-1 soil dw at the start of the experiment increased the extent of mineralization after 184 days compared to a control, from 45 % to 61 % for n-hexadecane and from 35 % to 46 % for n-octadecane. The stimulation was characterized according to a three-half-order kinetic such as if a greater part of the substrates was mineralized according to first order kinetics. Similar stimulation was achieved from the fermented whey when 210 mg dw kg-1 soil dw was added to the soil every second week during the 184 days of incubation.
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