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Sökning: WFRF:(Capitán Sara)

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1.
  • Pfeiffer, Thomas, et al. (författare)
  • Predicting the replicability of social and behavioural science claims in a crisis: The COVID-19 Preprint Replication Project
  • 2023
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Replications are important for assessing the reliability of published findings. However, they are costly, and it is infeasible to replicate everything. Accurate, fast, lower-cost alternatives such as eliciting predictions could accelerate assessment for rapid policy implementation in a crisis. We elicited judgments from participants on 100 claims from preprints about an emerging area of research (COVID-19 pandemic) using an interactive structured elicitation protocol, and we conducted 29 new high-powered replications. After interacting with their peers, participant groups with lower task expertise (‘beginners’) updated their estimates and confidence in their judgements significantly more than groups with greater task expertise (‘experienced’). For experienced individuals, the average accuracy was 0.57 (95% CI: [0.53, 0.61]) after interaction, and they correctly classified 61% of claims; beginners’ average accuracy was 0.58 (95% CI: [0.54, 0.62]), correctly classifying 69% of claims. The difference in accuracy between groups was not statistically significant, and their judgments on the full set of claims were correlated (r=.48). These results suggest that both beginners and more experienced participants using a structured process have some ability to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of ‘fast science’ under conditions of high uncertainty. However, given the importance of such assessments for making evidence-based critical decisions in a crisis, more research is required to understand who the right experts in forecasting replicability are and how their judgements ought to be elicited.
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2.
  • Capitán, Sara (författare)
  • The use of invertebrates as alternatives to vertebrates in food production : opportunities and challenges
  • 2022
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In its current form, food production adds pressure to climate change, biodiversity loss, antibiotic resistance, the emergence of zoonotic diseases, and other threats to human health. An alternative towards a more sustainable food system is the use of insects to replace vertebrate animal products. Insects are nutritious, can be fed crop residue, and their by-product—frass—can be used as organic fertilizer. In this essay I discuss and outline challenges and opportunities for scaling up insect farming.
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