| 1. |
- Sumaila, U. Rashid, et al.
(författare)
-
WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 374:6567, s. 544-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
- Cardoso, Evelin, et al.
(författare)
-
A Heuristic Approach for the Design of UAV-Based Disaster Relief in Optical Metro Networks
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. - 2162-7339. - 9781728184234 ; 2020-July, s. 1-5
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a novel algorithm to dimension the backup elements in an optical metro network, by considering the adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and wireless interfaces to realize backup wireless links. Our key idea is to efficiently find the set of node pairs that have to be connected by means of multi-hop UAV-based wireless links, which are selected based on the simulation of multiple disaster events. Results, obtained over a set of meaningful scenarios, demonstrate that our solution can greatly reduce the total installation costs compared to a naive approach, which is instead solely tailored to the restoration of the disrupted links in a given disaster scenario.
|
|
| 3. |
- Day, James M. D., et al.
(författare)
-
Mantle source characteristics and magmatic processes during the 2021 La Palma eruption
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Earth and Planetary Science Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0012-821X .- 1385-013X. ; 597
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2021 eruption of La Palma (September 19-December 13) was the first subaerial eruption in the Canary Islands in 50 years. Approximately 0.2 km3 of lava erupted from a newly formed, broadly basaltic composite volcanic edifice on the northwestern flank of the Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge. Comprehensive sampling of the olivine-and clinopyroxene-phyric lavas over the eruption period reveals temporal changes in mineralogy and bulk rock geochemistry from tephrite to basanite. Initial tephrite lavas have low MgO (-6 wt.%) and elevated TiO2 (-4 wt.%) and contain amphibole crystals and gabbroic micro -xenoliths. In contrast, lavas with progressively more mafic compositions erupted to approximately day 20 of the eruption and thereafter remained as basanite (-8 wt.% MgO; 3.7 wt.% TiO2) until eruption termination. Temporal changes in lava chemistry reflect initial eruption of fractionated magmas that crystallized 5-10% olivine and clinopyroxene, as well as minor spinel, sulfide, and magnetite, followed by later eruption of deeper-sourced and more primitive magma. Vanadium-in-olivine oxybarometry indicates parental magmas were oxidized (fO2 = +1.5 to +2 FMQ) with 8.2 +/- 0.8 wt.% MgO and were generated from between 2.5-3% partial melting of a mantle source potentially containing a pyroxenite component (Xpx = 0.31 +/- 0.12). Day 1-20 tephrites have more radiogenic 187Os/188Os (0.143-0.148) and lower Pd, Pt, Ir and Os contents than post day 20 basanites (187Os/188Os = 0.141-0.145). Combined with available seismic data, the lavas provide a high-resolution record of eruptive evolution. Initial fractionated tephrite magma was stored in the upper lithosphere up to four years prior to eruption, consistent with pre-cursor seismicity and the presence of partially reacted amphibole and micro-xenoliths. The later lavas of the eruption were fed by more primitive basanitic parental magmas that were likely sourced from the deeper portion of the magma storage system that is underplating the island. Precursor events to the 2021 La Palma eruption involved seismicity and magma emplacement, storage and differentiation, which was followed by mobilisation, eruption, and eventual exhaustion of stored magma and partial melts. This magmatic progression is similar to that documented from the 1949 and 1971 Cumbre Vieja eruptions. Ocean islands with limited basaltic magma supply show similarities to the magmatic evolution observed in large silicic systems, where initial magma emplacement and differentiation is followed by later magma remobilisation that induces volcanic activity.
|
|
| 4. |
- Dayton, Kyle, et al.
(författare)
-
Deep magma storage during the 2021 La Palma eruption
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 9:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2021 La Palma eruption provided an unpreceded opportunity to test the relationship between earthquake hypocenters and the location of magma reservoirs. We performed density measurements on CO2-rich fluid in-clusions (FIs) hosted in olivine crystals that are highly sensitive to pressure via calibrated Raman spectroscopy. This technique can revolutionize our knowledge of magma storage and transport during an ongoing eruption, given that it can produce precise magma storage depth constraints in near real time with minimal sample prep-aration. Our FIs have CO2 recorded densities from 0.73 to 0.98 g/cm3, translating into depths of 15 to 27 km, which falls within the reported deep seismic zone recording the main melt storage reservoir.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Koenig, Julian, et al.
(författare)
-
Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan : A cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Psychophysiology. - : Wiley. - 0048-5772 .- 1469-8986 .- 1540-5958. ; 58:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12–87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS—or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research.
|
|
| 7. |
- Rodriguez-Palmero, Agusti, et al.
(författare)
-
DLG4-related synaptopathy : a new rare brain disorder
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Genetics in Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1098-3600 .- 1530-0366. ; 23:5, s. 888-899
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposePostsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95), encoded by DLG4, regulates excitatory synaptic function in the brain. Here we present the clinical and genetic features of 53 patients (42 previously unpublished) with DLG4 variants.MethodsThe clinical and genetic information were collected through GeneMatcher collaboration. All the individuals were investigated by local clinicians and the gene variants were identified by clinical exome/genome sequencing.ResultsThe clinical picture was predominated by early onset global developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder, all of which point to a brain disorder. Marfanoid habitus, which was previously suggested to be a characteristic feature of DLG4-related phenotypes, was found in only nine individuals and despite some overlapping features, a distinct facial dysmorphism could not be established. Of the 45 different DLG4 variants, 39 were predicted to lead to loss of protein function and the majority occurred de novo (four with unknown origin). The six missense variants identified were suggested to lead to structural or functional changes by protein modeling studies.ConclusionThe present study shows that clinical manifestations associated with DLG4 overlap with those found in other neurodevelopmental disorders of synaptic dysfunction; thus, we designate this group of disorders as DLG4-related synaptopathy.
|
|
| 8. |
- Sobas, Marta, et al.
(författare)
-
Real-world study of children and young adults with myeloproliferative neoplasms: identifying risks and unmet needs
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BLOOD ADVANCES. - : ELSEVIER. - 2473-9529 .- 2473-9537. ; 6:17, s. 5171-5183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are uncommon in children/young adults. Here, we present data on unselected patients diagnosed before 25 years of age included from 38 centers in 15 countries. Sequential patients were included. We identified 444 patients, with median follow-up 9.7 years (0-47.8). Forty-nine (11.1%) had a history of thrombosis at diagnosis, 49 new thrombotic events were recorded (1.16% patient per year [pt/y]), perihepatic vein thromboses were most frequent (47.6% venous events), and logistic regression identified JAK2V617F mutation (P = .016) and hyperviscosity symptoms (visual disturbances, dizziness, vertigo, headache) as risk factors (P = .040). New hemorrhagic events occurred in 44 patients (9.9%, 1.04% pt/y). Disease transformation occurred in 48 patients (10.9%, 1.13% pt/y), usually to myelofibrosis (7.5%) with splenomegaly as a novel risk factor for transformation in essential thrombocythemia (ET) (P= .000) in logistical regression. Eight deaths (1.8%) were recorded, 3 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Concerning conventional risk scores: International Prognostic Score for Essential Thrombocythemia-Thrombosis and new International Prognostic Score for Essential Thrombocythemia-Thrombosis differentiated ET patients in terms of thrombotic risk. Both scores identified high-risk patients with the same median thrombosis-free survival of 28.5 years. No contemporary scores were able to predict survival for young ET or polycythemia vera patients. Our data represents the largest real-world study of MPN patients age < 25 years at diagnosis. Rates of thrombotic events and transformation were higher than expected compared with the previous literature. Our study provides new and reliable information as a basis for prospective studies, trials, and development of harmonized international guidelines for the specific management of young patients with MPN.
|
|
