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- Büchert, A., et al.
(författare)
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Dioxin contamination in food : Bayreuth, Germany, from September 28 to October 1, 2000
- 2001
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Ecomed Publishers. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 8:2, s. 84-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dioxin and PCB monitoring programs for food and feeding stuff in most countries of the world, including many European Countries are currently inadequate. Better control of food production lines and food processing procedures is needed to minimize entry of dioxin to the food chain and will help to avoid dioxin contamination accidents. This would also improve the ability to trace back a possible contamination to its source. European guidelines for monitoring programs should be established to ensure comparable and meaningful results. These guidelines should define the minimum requirements for the design of monitoring programs, analytical methods, and quality assurance.Though data from Northern Europe shows that the general population exposure to dioxin and PCB has decreased during the last ten years these compounds continue to be a risk of accidental contamination of the food chain. The most prominent recent example is the Belgian dioxin contamination of feeding stuff in 1999. The Belgian dioxin contamination was not detected due to dioxin monitoring programs but by their direct biological effects seen in animals. Four other cases of dioxin contamination have been detected in Europe since 1997 due to local monitoring programs. One of them (citrus pulp pellets 1998) was in a much larger scale than the Belgian dioxin contamination.The general population's exposure to dioxins and PCBs is still in the same range (1-4 pg WHO-TEQ/kg body weight and day) as the recently revised WHO tolerable daily intake (TDI). There is concern that short-term high level exposure to dioxins, furans, and PCB may cause biological effects on the human fetal development and further research is required.Further actions to control sources building on considerable advances already made in many countries may need to be supplemented by measures to prevent direct contamination of feeding stuff or food to reduce general population exposure further.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Öhlin, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Dual versus triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori
- 2002
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Ingår i: Hepato-Gastroenterology. - 0172-6390. ; 49:43, s. 172-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aims: Duodenal ulcers should be treated by eradication of Helicobacter pylori. This study compared the efficacy of a proton pump inhibitor together with one or two antibiotics in eradication therapy, Methodology: 177 patients who were H. pylori positive were randomized to receive 14 days of either: lansoprazole 30mg bd and amoxicillin 1g bd (LA), omeprazole 20mg bd and amoxicillin 1g bd (OA) or lansoprazole 30mg bd, amoxicillin 1g bd and clarithromycin 500mg bd (LAC). The efficacy was assessed at four weeks and at six months after the end of treatment. Biopsies were taken for culture and bacterial sensitivity testing at inclusion and at four weeks after the end of treatment. Results: 149 patients were evaluated for efficacy. The eradication rate was significantly higher in LAC (96%) compared to LA (51%) and OA (64%) treatments (P<0.001). At baseline 17%, 21% and 19% of the patients in the LA, OA and LAC groups, respectively, were resistant to metronidazole and only one patient was resistant to clarithromycin. Post-treatment, four patients had acquired metronidazole resistance. Conclusions: LAC is more effective than LA and CA for eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer disease.
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