| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Cliffordson, Christina, 1949-
(författare)
-
Betygsinflation i de målrelaterade gymnasiebetygen
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Pedagogisk forskning i Sverige. - : Stockholms universitets förlag. - 1401-6788 .- 2001-3345. ; 9:1, s. 1-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att tveksamheter framförts angående mål- och kunskapsrelate-rade betyg liksom till möjligheten att betygskomplettera är väl känt. Likaså att betygsmedelvärdet har ökat sedan införandet av det nya målrelaterade betygssyste-met. Däremot har det varit oklart vad dessa höjningar av betygen representerar; mer kunskaper eller betygsinflation. Då betygen ska signalera kunskaper, och de kunska-per som eleverna tillägnar sig i gymnasieskolan ska ligga till grund för fortsatt utbildning, är det rimligt att förvänta att ju bättre gymnasiebetyg desto bättre studie-resultat vid fortsatt utbildning. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka gymnasiebetygens egenskaper och innebörden av betygskomplettering genom att relatera betygens jämförelsetal till studieframgång på civilingenjörs- och läkarpro-grammen. Resultaten visar att gymnasieskolans betygssättning är utsatt för en betydande inflation och att detsamma gäller för betygsförändringar som resultat av komplettering. Hela den genomsnittliga betygsökningen, oavsett om det gäller betygsutveckling eller komplettering, utgörs av »tomma» betygsenheter som inte svarar mot bättre resultat inom högskoleutbildningarna.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Cliffordson, Christina, 1949-
(författare)
-
Effects of practice and intellectual growth on performance on the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test (SweSAT)
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Psychological Assessment. - Washington : American psychological Association. - 1015-5759 .- 2151-2426. ; 20:3, s. 192-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study is to examine effects of repeated test taking over several sessions on the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test (SweSAT). Self-selection effects on test performance due to background variables that must be taken into consideration are also investigated. All test repeaters with two and three test scores from three cohorts are included in the study. By using different regression models a distinction can be made between the effects of practice as a function of test-taking experience, and the effects of growth as a function of time. The results show self-selection effects due to age and grades, such that students with higher grades tend to be younger when taking the first test. Furthermore, this phenomenon tends to be more accentuated with repeated test takings. It is also shown that there are score gains as a function of practice at the first testing session, and that there are also effects of growth on the SweSAT performance. The magnitude of score gains associated with growth is equal over the two intervals measured, but different between the three cohorts. There are reasons to assume that effects of schooling may explain these differences. An additional explanation may be that the younger students have a greater potential for growth. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Cliffordson, Christina, 1949-
(författare)
-
Parents’ Judgements and Students’ Self-Judgements of Empathy : The structure of empathy and agreement of judgements based on the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Psychological Assessment. - Cambridge : Hogrefe Publishing Corp. - 1015-5759 .- 2151-2426. ; 17:1, s. 36-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sample of 221 11th grade students and their parents were asked to complete the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; M. H. Davis, 1980), which is comprised of 4 subscales: empathic concern, perspective taking, fantasy, and personal distress; and a global-item measure containing 4 items, 1 for each subscale. The factorial structure that emerged in a previous study (C. Cliffordson, 2000) involving the students was tested on ratings provided by their parents. The results from the IRI scale were also compared to results from the global-item measure. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the structure of empathy and the agreement of self/other judgments. The results support the conclusions from the previous study that the concept of empathy can be considered to be identical to empathic concern, which also explains a great deal of perspective taking and fantasy. The agreement between the students' and their parents' judgments was substantial, and there are several reasons to believe that the interjudge agreement obtained is accurate.
|
|
| 9. |
- Cliffordson, Christina, 1949-
(författare)
-
The Hierarchical Structure of Empathy : Dimensional organization and relations to social functioning
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 43:1, s. 49-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to examine the structure of empathy using a hierarchical approach, and to compare the dimensions of empathy with measures of social functioning, in order to contribute to the understanding of the nature of empathy. The dimensionality of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, which comprises four subscales (empathic concern, perspective taking, fantasy and personal distress) was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Relations with the Social Skills Inventory were also investigated. A sample of 127 applicants for places on nursing and social work undergraduate programs participated in the study. The study findings indicate that empathy is hierarchi-cally organized, with one general dimension at the apex. The general factor is identical to empathic concern and this dimension overlaps to a great extent with perspective taking and fantasy. The findings also indicate that the general dimension constitutes an integrated entirety, with its main emphasis on emotional reactivity by also involving cognitive processes.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Söderhamn, Olle, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
-
The structure of self-care in a group of elderly people
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Nursing Science Quarterly. - : SAGE Publications. - 0894-3184 .- 1552-7409. ; 14:1, s. 55-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to Orem's self-care deficit theory of nursing, the structure of self-care consists of self-care agency balanced by therapeutic self-care demand. Different conditioning factors constitute these two constructs. The aim of this study was to investigate through secondary analysis the structure of self-care in a group of elderly. Data were originally collected from a total of 125 randomly chosen elderly individuals (65+ years of age) in Sweden by means of a mailed questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to show that self-care agency was totally and significantly balanced against therapeutic self-care demand and explained by five conditioning factors.
|
|
