| 1. |
- Algers, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed logit estimation of the value of travel time
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we use mixed logit specifications to allow parameters to vary in the population when estimating the value of time for long-distance car travel. Our main conclusion is that the estimated value of time is very sensitive to how the model is specified: we find that it is significantly lower when the coefficients are assumed to be normally distributed in the population, as compared to the traditional case when they are treated as fixed. In our most richly parameterised model, we find a median value of time of 57 SEK per hour, with the major part of the mass of the value of time distribution closely centred around the median value. The corresponding figure when the parameters are treated as fixed is 89 SEK per hour. Furthermore, our finding that the ratio of coefficients in a mixed logit specification differ significantly from the ones in a traditional logit specification is contrary to the results obtained by Brownstone & Train (1996) and Train (1997). Whether the ratios will differ or not depends on the model and the data generating process at hand.
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| 2. |
- Bergström, Pål, et al.
(författare)
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GMM Bootstrapping and Testing in Dynamic Panels
- 1999
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Ingår i: Essays on Local Public Finance and Intergovernmental Grants. - Uppsala : Department of Economics, Uppsala University.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bergström, Pål, et al.
(författare)
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Municipal labour demand : Sweden 1988-1995
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we investigate the determinants of municipal labour demand in Sweden 1988-1995. Utilising a major grant reform in 1993, through which a switch from mainly targeted to mainly general central government grants occurred, we are able to identify which type of grants that have the largest effects on municipal employment. We find a larger municipal employment elasticity with respect to grants before the reform, implying that the more freedom given to the municipalities, the less they seem inclined to spend on municipal employment. We further find (i) a short run wage elasticity of approximately -0.5 and a long run ditto of approximately -0.9, (ii) a quite sluggish adjustment process: only 60% of the desired change in municipal employment is implemented in the first year, (iii) that the demographic structure is an important determinant of municipal employment, and (iv) that the behavioural pattern is different in"socialist"municipalities.
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| 5. |
- Bergström, Pål, et al.
(författare)
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Municpal Labour Demand - Sweden 1988-1995
- 1998
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Ingår i: Essays in Labour Economics and Econometrics. - Uppsala : Department of Economics, Uppsala University.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Blomquist, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Small sample properties of LIML and jackknife IV estimators: Experiments with weak instruments
- 1999
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMETRICS. - : JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. - 0883-7252. ; 14:1, s. 69-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using Monte Carlo simulations we study the small sample performance of the traditional TSLS, the LIML and four new jackknife IV estimators when the instruments are weak. We find that the new estimators and LIML have a smaller bias but a larger variance th
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| 8. |
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| 11. |
- Dahlberg, Matz, et al.
(författare)
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Direct displacement effects of labour market programmes : the case of Sweden
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using a panel of 260 Swedish municipalities over the period 1987-1996, this paper investigates the direct displacement effects of active labour market programmes (ALMPs). Compared to earlier studies on this topic, we have more and better data. From our GMM estimations, we find that (i) there are direct displacement effects from those ALMPs that generate subsidised labour (in the order of approximately 65 percent), but there seems to be no (significant) displacement effects from training, (ii) most ALMPs seem to increase labour force participation, and (iii) the adjustment to the optimal level of employment seems to be sluggish. A consequence of (ii) is that the earlier studies have overstated the displacement effects (since they normalised with the labour force).
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Dahlberg, Matz, et al.
(författare)
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On the vote purchasing behavior of incumbent governments
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A couple of months before the Swedish election in 1998, the incumbent government distributed 2.3 billion SEK to 42 out of 115 applying municipalities. This was the first wave of a four-year long grant program intended to support local investment programs aimed at an ecological sustainable development. This temporary grant program differs from traditional intergovernmental grants in several aspects, most importantly in the sovereign decision making power given to the incumbent central government. In this paper we investigate whether there were any tactical motives behind the distribution of these grants. We find support for the hypothesis that the incumbent government used the grant program under study in order to win votes. In particular, we find strong support for the Lindbeck-Weibull/Dixit-Londregan model in which parties distribute transfers to regions where there are many swing voters. This result is statistically as well as economically significant. We do however not find any support for the model that predicts that the incumbent government transfer money to its own supporters.
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