| 1. |
- Woods, P. J., et al.
(författare)
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A review of adaptation options in fisheries management to support resilience and transition under socio-ecological change
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 79:2, s. 463-479
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social-ecological systems dependent on fisheries must be resilient or adapt to remain viable in the face of change. Here, we identified possible interventions (termed “adaptation options”) from published literature, aimed at supporting social or ecological resilience and/or aiding adaptation to changes induced by environmental or social stressors. Our searches centered on nations/regions across North America, Europe, and the South Pacific, encompassing fisheries literature with and without a climate change focus, to compare how, when, and by whom interventions are currently or potentially implemented. We expected that adaptation options within a climate change context would have a greater focus on enhancing social resilience due to a connection with climate change adaptation assessment methodology. Instead, we found a greater focus on ecological resilience, likely indicating a focus on management adaptation. This pattern, along with the more extensive use of social adaptation options responsively and outside the context of climate change, along with an importance in bottom-up influences in implementing them, suggests a general lack of centralized planning and organization with regards to adaptation of stakeholders. Determining how adaptation options are created, chosen, and implemented is a crucial step within or external to ecosystem-based management, especially if planned stakeholder adaption is the goal.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Chen, H.Y., et al.
(författare)
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Dyslipidemia, inflammation, calcification, and adiposity in aortic stenosis: a genome-wide study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 44:21, s. 1927-1939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Although highly heritable, the genetic etiology of calcific aortic stenosis (AS) remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to discover novel genetic contributors to AS and to integrate functional, expression, and cross-phenotype data to identify mechanisms of AS. Methods and results A genome-wide meta-analysis of 11.6 million variants in 10 cohorts involving 653 867 European ancestry participants (13 765 cases) was performed. Seventeen loci were associated with AS at P ≤ 5 × 10−8, of which 15 replicated in an independent cohort of 90 828 participants (7111 cases), including CELSR2–SORT1, NLRP6, and SMC2. A genetic risk score comprised of the index variants was associated with AS [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation, 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–1.35; P = 2.7 × 10−51] and aortic valve calcium (OR per standard deviation, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08–1.37; P = 1.4 × 10−3), after adjustment for known risk factors. A phenome-wide association study indicated multiple associations with coronary artery disease, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides. Mendelian randomization supported a causal role for apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein particles in AS (OR per g/L of apolipoprotein B, 3.85; 95% CI, 2.90–5.12; P = 2.1 × 10−20) and replicated previous findings of causality for lipoprotein(a) (OR per natural logarithm, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.17–1.23; P = 4.8 × 10−73) and body mass index (OR per kg/m2, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05–1.9; P = 1.9 × 10−12). Colocalization analyses using the GTEx database identified a role for differential expression of the genes LPA, SORT1, ACTR2, NOTCH4, IL6R, and FADS. Conclusion Dyslipidemia, inflammation, calcification, and adiposity play important roles in the etiology of AS, implicating novel treatments and prevention strategies. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
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| 4. |
- Backer, V., et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary approaches to identifying and managing global airways disease: Expert recommendations based on qualitative discussions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Allergy. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-6101. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma frequently co-exist and share pathologic features. Taking a "global" treatment approach benefits diagnosis and treatment of both, but care is often siloed by specialty: joined-up clinics are uncommon. Our objectives were to explore expert opinion to give practical suggestions to identify adults needing global airways care; enhance cross-specialty working; and widen knowledge to support diagnosis and management, integrate with existing care pathways, and supplement existing guidelines.MethodsSixteen practicing physicians from northern Europe were invited for their national and/or international standing in treating asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis. Appreciative Inquiry techniques were used to guide their discussions.ResultsKey themes arising were screening and referral, collaboration on management, awareness and education, and research. Provided are screening criteria and suggestions for specialist referrals, and pointers for physicians to optimize their knowledge of global airways disease. Collaborative working is underscored, and practical suggestions are given for multidisciplinary teamworking within global airways clinics. Research gaps are identified.ConclusionThis initiative provides practical suggestions for optimizing the care of adults with CRSwNP and asthma. Discussion of the role of allergy and drug exacerbations on these conditions, and care for patients with other global airways diseases were beyond scope; however, we expect some principles of our discussion will likely benefit patients with related conditions. The suggestions bridge asthma and CRSwNP management guidelines, envisioning interdisciplinary, global airway clinics relevant to various clinical settings. They highlight the value of joint screening for early recognition and referral of patients.
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