| 1. |
- Angelopoulos, A., et al.
(författare)
-
K 0–KÌ„0 mass and decay-width differences : CPLEAR evaluation
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 471:2, s. 332-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CPT-violation parameters Re(δ) and Im(δ) determined recently by CPLEAR are used to evaluate the K0– mass and decay-width differences, as given by the difference between the diagonal elements of the neutral-kaon mixing matrix (M−iΓ/2). The results – GeV and GeV – are consistent with CPT invariance. The CPT invariance is also shown to hold within a few times 10−3–10−4 for many of the amplitudes describing neutral-kaon decays to different final states.
|
|
| 2. |
- Campieri, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Oral budesonide is as effective as oral prednisolone in active Crohn's disease. The Global Budesonide Study Group
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 41:2, s. 209-214
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background—The use of corticosteroids in active Crohn’s disease often becomes limited by side effects. Budesonide is a potent corticosteroid with low systemic bioavailability due to an extensive first pass liver metabolism.Aims—To compare the efficacy and safety of two dosage regimens of budesonide and prednisolone in patients with active Crohn’s disease affecting the ileum and/or the ascending colon.Patients and methods—One hundred and seventy eight patients were randomised to receive budesonide controlled ileal release (CIR) capsules 9 mg once daily or 4.5 mg twice daily, or prednisolone tablets 40 mg once daily. The treatment period was 12 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was clinical remission, defined as a Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 150 or less.Results—After eight weeks of treatment, remission occurred in 60% of patients receiving budesonide once daily or prednisolone and in 42% of those receiving budesonide twice daily (p=0.062). The presence of glucocorticoid associated side effects was similar in all groups; however, moon face was more common in the prednisolone group (p=0.0005). The highest frequency of impaired adrenal function, as measured by a short ACTH test, was found in the prednisolone group (p=0.0023).Conclusions—Budesonide CIR, administered at 9 mg once daily or 4.5 mg twice daily, is comparable to prednisolone in inducing remission in active Crohn’s disease. The single dose administration is as promptly effective as prednisolone and represents a simpler and safer therapeutic approach, with a considerable reduction in side effects.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chiu, D T, et al.
(författare)
-
Manipulating the biochemical nanoenvironment around single molecules contained within vesicles
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Chemical Physics. - Univ Gothenburg, Dept Chem, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. : ELSEVIER. - 0301-0104 .- 1873-4421. ; 247:1, s. 133-139
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method to study single-molecule reactions confined in a biomimetic container is described. The technique combines rapid vesicle preparation, optical trapping and fluorescence confocal microscopy for performing simultaneous single-vesicle trapping and single-molecule detection experiments. The collisional environment between a single enzyme and substrate inside a vesicle is characterized by a Brownian dynamics Monte Carlo simulation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Apostolakis, A, et al.
(författare)
-
A determination of the CP violation parameter η+- from the decay of strangeness-tagged neutral kaons
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 458:4, s. 545-552
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LEAR offered unique opportunities to study the symmetries which exist between matter and antimatter. At variance with other approaches at this facility, CPLEAR was an experiment devoted to the study of CP, T and CPT symmetries in the neutral-kaon system. A variety of measurements allowed us to determine with high precision the parameters which describe the time evolution of the neutral kaons and their antiparticles, including decay amplitudes, and the related symmetry properties. Limits concerning quantum-mechanical predictions (EPR, coherence of the wave function) or the equivalence principle of general relativity have been obtained. An account of the main features of the experiment and its performances is given here, together with the results achieved.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Dzgoev, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Optimization of a charge coupled device imaging enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay and supports for the simultaneous determination of multiple 2,4-D samples
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - 0003-2670. ; 347:1-2, s. 87-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A chemiluminescent microformat enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) has been optimized for the simultaneous determination of multiple 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) samples. The competitive immunoassay employed a 2,4-D-BSA conjugate, anti-2,4-D monoclonal antibodies and alkaline phosphatase (AP) labelled anti-mouse IgG. The bound AP conjugate was determined by quantitating the chemiluminescence emission from the enzymatic decomposition of the luminogenic substrate, CSPD, by AP using a cooled charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The detection limit for the simultaneous determination of multiple samples was 4.3x10-10 M corresponding to 96 pg ml-1 or 192 fg well with a coefficient of variation (CV, %) of 12.5%. The linear range of the assay was 4.5 x 10-7-4.5 x 10-10 M. The ability of gold coated silicon wafers and glass capillaries to serve as solid phase supports in the imaging ELISA was investigated. The highly reflective gold surfaces improved both the linear range and the sensitivity of the assay, as compared to thick-film patterned surfaces. The capillary supports, on the other hand, lead to a reduction in the linear range and the sensitivity of the assay, as compared to the thick-film patterned surfaces. Initial studies indicate that the capillaries guide the light and may provide a built-in mechanism for collecting the emitted light. Strategies for further development of support materials for imaging-based detectors will be discussed.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Thisted Lambertz, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison between a PCR method and a conventional culture method for detecting pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in food
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of Applied Bacteriology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0021-8847. ; 81:3, s. 303-308
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the detection of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica and to compare it with an official culture method (NMKL-117). Primers were selected for nested PCR directed at the attachment invasion locus, ail, on the bacterial chromosome, as well as at a sequence on the pathogenic marker plasmid, termed virulence factor, virF. The final results obtained by the two methods were similar. However, while the conventional method yielded contradictory data for some steps the PCR method provided unambiguous results. Considerable advantages, i.e. higher sensitivity and specificity of the PCR method, compared with the conventional method for detecting pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, were demonstrated in this study.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Amine, A., et al.
(författare)
-
A Microdialysis probe coupled with a miniaturized thermal glucose sensor for in vivo monitoring
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Analytical Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0003-2719 .- 1532-236X. ; 28:13, s. 2275-2286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A miniaturized thermal flow injection analysis biosensor has been coupled with a microdialysis probe for continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring. Thermal biosensors are based on the principle of measuring the heat evolved during enzyme catalysed reactions. The system presented here consists of a miniaturized thermal biosensor with a small column containing coimmibolized glucose oxidase and catalase. The analysis buffer passes through the column at a flow rate of 60μL/min via an 1μL sample loop which is connected to a microdialysis probe. Invitro results showed constant permeability of the probe and stability of the biosensor response during 24 hours. The response time was 85 sec giving a sample rate of 42 samples/hour. During a load experiment, the glucose profile in a healthy volunteer was followed both in the subcutaneous tissue and blood using the microdialysis set-up proposed and comparing to blood glucose analyser.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Berndtson, E., et al.
(författare)
-
A 1-year epidemiological study of campylobacters in 18 Swedish chicken farms
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 26:3-4, s. 167-185
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broiler chickens are often intestinal carriers of Campylobacter. During processing, Campylobacter may be spread over the carcass. Thus, undercooked chicken meat, or other foods contaminated by raw chicken can act as a source of infection to humans. This study was conducted to identify risk factors for chicken flocks being colonized with Campylobacter. Eighteen chicken farms with altogether 62 chicken compartments were studied for 1 year with visits during each growing period and sampling of chicken caecal contents at slaughter. Four to six subsequent flocks were raised in each compartment during the study. A detailed questionnaire was used to record farm parameters such as building materials, feed and water equipment, hygiene and management routines. Campylobacter prevalence varied between farms, between growing periods within the farms and also during the year, with lowest prevalence during the spring. Campylobacters were isolated from 27% out of 287 flocks. Only two farms were negative at all samplings. Often the flock following a positive flock in a compartment was negative, indicating that normal cleaning and disinfecting routines are sufficient for eliminating the bacteria from the house. Usually only one serotype was found in each positive flock. Campylobacter occurrence increased with the age of the chickens at slaughter, and also with flock size.Univariable chi-square tests were done of the association between possible risk factors and Campylobacter prevalence. Factors associated with higher Campylobacter prevalence in flocks were lack of or diffuse hygiene barriers, increasing flock size, increasing age at slaughter, short vs. long empty periods, wet litter beds, other poultry nearby or staff handling other poultry, flocks divided before slaughter, staff loading to slaughter at several farms and occurrence of mice. Under Swedish conditions, water does not seem to be a source of infection for chickens. Origin and handling of day-old chickens, feed additives, houses and litter were not associated with higher Campylobacter prevalence.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Cahn, R N, et al.
(författare)
-
Detective quantum efficiency dependence on x-ray energy weighting in mammography
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Medical physics. - Medical physics : Wiley. - 0094-2405. ; 26:12, s. 2680-2683
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An evaluation of the dependence of detective quantum efficiency (DQE) on the incident energy spectrum has been made for mammography. The DQE dependence on the energy spectrum has been evaluated for energy-integrating detectors, photon-counting detectors, and detectors that measure the energy of each photon. To isolate the effect of the x-ray energy spectrum the detector has been assumed to be ideal, i.e., all noise sources are assumed to be zero except for quantum fluctuations. The result shows that the improvement in DQE, if the energy-integrating detector is compared to a single-photon counting detector, is of the order of 10%. Comparing the energy-integrating detector and the detector measuring the energy for each photon the improvement is around 30% using a molybdenumanodespectrum typical in mammography. It is shown that the optimal weight factors to combine the data in the case the energy is measured are very well approximated if the weight factors are proportional to E−3." style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax">E−3. Another conclusion is that in calculating the DQE, a detector should be compared to one that uses ideal energy weighting for each photon since this provides the best signal-to-noise ratio. This has generally been neglected in the literature.
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Danielsson, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensitivity and specificity of planar scintimammography with 99mTc-sestamibi
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 40:4, s. 394-399
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of our prospective study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of planar breast imaging with 99mTc-MIBI in detecting malignant disease. Material and Methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients with 121 clinically-and/or mammographically-detected breast lesions underwent preoperative planar scintimammography. Ten minutes after injection of 700 MBq99mTc-MIBI, two lateral prone and one anterior supine projections with an acquisition time of 8 minutes each were obtained. Interpretation of scintimammographic results was made blindly and any focal accumulation of MIBI in the breasts was the criterion for an abnormal scintigram. All lesions were operated on and histologically verified. Results: Histologically, 86 malignant and 35 benign lesions were found in 121 breast lesions. A sensitivity of 83.7% and a specificity of 74.2% for malignancy was achieved at planar scintimammography. Conclusion: Scintimammography with 99mTc-MIBI is an imaging modality of modest usefulness in the investigation of breast lesions. The method has a low sensitivity in lesions smaller than 10 mm in diameter, which decreases the clinical use of the method.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
- Fadul, Jamal E. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of the complement activators and elucidation of the fate of complement activation products during extracorporeal plasma purification therapy
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical apheresis. - 0733-2459 .- 1098-1101. ; 13:4, s. 167-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been known for many years that the complement system is activated during extracorporeal plasma purification (ECCP) therapy. In a previous study, we showed that high concentrations of complement activation products (CAPs) are returned to the patient during immunoadsorption treatment. In the present study, we investigated the question of where complement activation takes place with different forms of ECPP equipments as well as the fate of the CAPs. Eleven patients (8 men and 3 women), mean age 52 +/- 18 years, were included in the study. They were treated either with plasmapheresis (PP), immunoadsorption, bilirubin adsorption, or low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis. It was found that during all ECPP treatments and after the plasma separation filter, the plasma concentrations of CAPs were increased, and that high concentrations of CAPs were returned to the patients, except with PP. The plasma levels of individual CAPs varied between different types of ECPP. These variations were due to several factors: (1) complement activation (CA) on the plasma separator and a secondary device, e.g., column or membrane; (2) adsorption of specific CAPs to separation columns; and (3) reduction of CAPs due to separation and waste. Since CAPs have inflammatory and immunological effects, it is possible that high serum concentration of CAPs in the treated patients may influence the clinical outcome of the treatment. In conclusion, complement activation is a fact that should not be ignored during performance of any form of an ECPP. It is the plasma separator that plays a key role in the process of complement activation. Different ECPP treatments may have different effects regarding the levels of individual CAPs.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Glynn, AW, et al.
(författare)
-
Concentration-dependent absorption of aluminum in rats exposed to labile aluminum in drinking water
- 1999
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0098-4108. ; 56:7, s. 501-512
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The hypothesis was tested that the absorption of labile Al in rats will increase when the Al-binding capacity of food components in the stomach is saturated. Male rats were exposed to 0, 10, 50, or 500 mg labile Al/L in acidic drinking water (pH 3) for 9
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
- Lloyd, MD, et al.
(författare)
-
Studies on the active site of deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase
- 1999
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. - : ACADEMIC PRESS LTD. - 0022-2836. ; 287:5, s. 943-960
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fe(II) and 2-oxogolutarate-dependent dioxygenase deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase (DAOCS) from Streptomyces clavuligerus was expressed at ca 25% of total soluble protein in Escherichia coli and purified by an efficient large-scale procedure. Purified
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Löfberg, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Oral budesonide versus prednisolone in patients with extensive and left sided ulcerative colitis
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Gastroenterology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-0012 .- 0016-5085. ; 110:6, s. 1713-1718
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCSs) have proven efficacy in active ulcerative colitis but cause undesired systemic side effects. Therefore, new GCSs with high topical activity and a high rate of metabolism may be of clinical value in this condition. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of the topically acting GCS budesonide in an oral controlled-release formulation in extensive or left-sided, mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis. METHODS: A 9-week, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was performed, and treatments with 10 mg budesonide or 40 mg prednisolone daily, both gradually tapered, were compared. Endoscopic improvement and effect on endogenous plasma cortisol were assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients were administered budesonide, and 38 patients were administered prednisolone. Mean endoscopic scores improved significantly in both groups but without difference between the groups. Five patients in the budesonide group and 7 patients in the prednisolone group deteriorated and were withdrawn from the study. Morning plasma cortisol levels were suppressed in the prednisolone group (entry, 449 nmol/L; 2 weeks, 116 nmol/L; 4 weeks, 195 nmol/L) but were unchanged in the budesonide group. CONCLUSIONS: The GCS budesonide administered in an oral controlled-release formulation seems to give an overall treatment result in active ulcerative colitis approaching that of prednisolone but without suppression of plasma cortisol levels. This concept merits further evaluation.
|
|
| 44. |
- Ni, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Cystatin F is a glycosylated human low molecular weight cysteine proteinase inhibitor
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 273:38, s. 24797-24804
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previously undescribed human member of the cystatin superfamily called cystatin F has been identified by expressed sequence tag sequencing in human cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA clone was obtained from a library made from mRNA of CD34-depleted cord blood cells. The sequence of the cDNA contained an open reading frame encoding a putative 19-residue signal peptide and a mature protein of 126 amino acids with two disulfide bridges and enzyme-binding motifs homologous to those of Family 2 cystatins. Unlike other human cystatins, cystatin F has 2 additional Cys residues, indicating the presence of an extra disulfide bridge stabilizing the N-terminal region of the molecule. Recombinant cystatin F was produced in a baculovirus expression system and characterized. The mature recombinant protein processed by insect cells had an N-terminal segment 7 residues longer than that of cystatin C and displayed reversible inhibition of papain and cathepsin L (Ki = 1.1 and 0.31 nM, respectively), but not cathepsin B. Like cystatin E/M, cystatin F is a glycoprotein, carrying two N-linked carbohydrate chains at positions 36 and 88. An immunoassay for quantification of cystatin F showed that blood contains low levels of the inhibitor (0.9 ng/ml). Six B cell lines in culture secreted barely detectable amounts of cystatin F, but several T cell lines and especially one myeloid cell line secreted significant amounts of the inhibitor. Northern blot analysis revealed that the cystatin F gene is primarily expressed in peripheral blood cells and spleen. Tissue expression clearly different from that of the ubiquitous inhibitor, cystatin C, was also indicated by a high incidence of cystatin F clones in cDNA libraries from dendritic and T cells, but no clones identified by expressed sequence tag sequencing in several B cell libraries and in >600 libraries from other human tissues and cells.
|
|
| 45. |
- Nilsson, Å., et al.
(författare)
-
Olsalazine versus sulphasalazine for relapse prevention in ulcerative colitis : A multicenter study
- 1995
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 90:3, s. 381-387
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the relapse-preventing effect and the frequency of adverse events of olsalazine and sulphasalazine in sulphasalazine-tolerant patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Patients in remission, with at least two episodes of active disease during the last 5 yr, were randomized to 2 g of sulphasalazine or 1 g of olsalazine daily and were followed for 6-18 months. Relapse rates in the two groups were compared using frequency and life-table analysis. Sixty-nine patients with proctitis, 140 with left-sided colitis, and 113 with subtotal or total colitis were evaluated. RESULTS: In the intention-to-treat analysis, the failure rate (relapses plus withdrawals) was 54.7% in the olsalazine and 47.2% in the sulphasalazine group. In the per-protocol analysis excluding withdrawals, 44.7% relapsed in the olsalazine and 39.3% in the sulphasalazine group. Remission curves did not differ significantly, although at all time intervals the frequency of remission was slightly higher in the sulphasalazine group (p = 0.19 in the intention-to-treat analysis and p = 0.42 in the per-protocol analysis estimated by the log-rank test). Twelve patients (of whom five had diarrhea) in the olsalazine group versus eight patients in the sulphasalazine group discontinued the study because of side effects. CONCLUSION: The relapse-preventing effect of olsalazine and sulphasalazine in sulphasalazine-tolerant patients did not differ. Furthermore, the tolerability of olsalazine, particularly concerning diarrhea, appears to be better than previously reported.
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
