| 1. |
- Marco, Maria L., et al.
(författare)
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Convergence in probiotic Lactobacillus gut-adaptive responses in humans and mice
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Isme Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1751-7362 .- 1751-7370. ; 4:11, s. 1481-1484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Probiotic bacteria provide unique opportunities to study the global responses and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of gut-associated microorganisms in the human digestive tract. In this study, we show by comparative transcriptome analysis using DNA microarrays that the established probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v specifically adapts its metabolic capacity in the human intestine for carbohydrate acquisition and expression of exopolysaccharide and protein-aceous cell surface compounds. This report constitutes the first application of global gene expression profiling of a commensal microorganism in the human gut. A core L. plantarum transcriptome expressed in the mammalian intestine was also determined through comparisons of L. plantarum 299v activities in humans to those found for L. plantarum WCFS1 in germ-free mice. These results identify the niche-specific adaptations of a dietary microorganism to the intestinal ecosystem and provide novel targets for molecular analysis of microbial-host interactions which affect human health. The ISME Journal (2010) 4, 1481-1484; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2010.61; published online 27 May 2010
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| 2. |
- Lahti, Leo, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between the human intestinal microbiota, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and serum lipids indicated by integrated analysis of high-throughput profiling data
- 2013
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Ingår i: PeerJ. - : PeerJ. - 2167-8359. ; 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulating evidence indicates that the intestinal microbiota regulates our physiology and metabolism. Bacteria marketed as probiotics confer health benefits that may arise from their ability to affect the microbiota. Here high-throughput screening of the intestinal microbiota was carried out and integrated with serum lipidomic profiling data to study the impact of probiotic intervention on the intestinal ecosystem, and to explore the associations between the intestinal bacteria and serum lipids. We performed a comprehensive intestinal microbiota analysis using a phylogenetic microarray before and after Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG intervention. While a specific increase in the L. rhamnosus-related bacteria was observed during the intervention, no other changes in the composition or stability of the microbiota were detected. After the intervention, lactobacilli returned to their initial levels. As previously reported, also the serum lipid profiles remained unaltered during the intervention. Based on a high-resolution microbiota analysis, intake of L. rhamnosus GG did not modify the composition of the intestinal ecosystem in healthy adults, indicating that probiotics confer their health effects by other mechanisms. The most prevailing association between the gut microbiota and lipid profiles was a strong positive correlation between uncultured phylotypes of Ruminococcus gnavus-group and polyunsaturated serum triglycerides of dietary origin. Moreover, a positive correlation was detected between serum cholesterol and Collinsella (Coriobacteriaceae). These associations identified with the spectrometric lipidome profiling were corroborated by enzymatically determined cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Actinomycetaceae correlated negatively with triglycerides of highly unsaturated fatty acids while a set of Proteobacteria showed negative correlation with ether phosphatidylcholines. Our results suggest that several members of the Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria may be involved in the metabolism of dietary and endogenous lipids, and provide a scientific rationale for further human studies to explore the role of intestinal microbes in host lipid metabolism.
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| 3. |
- Rijkers, Ger T., et al.
(författare)
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Health benefits and health claims of probiotics : bridging science and marketing
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 106:9, s. 1291-1296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health claims for probiotics are evaluated by the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies of the European Food Safety Authority. Despite a substantial amount of basic and clinical research on the beneficial effects of probiotics, all of the evaluated claim applications thus far have received a negative opinion. With the restrictions on the use of clinical endpoints, validated biomarkers for gut health and immune health in relation to reduction in disease risk are needed. Clear-cut criteria for design as well as evaluation of future studies are needed. An open dialogue between basic and clinical scientists, regulatory authorities, food and nutrition industry, and consumers could bridge the gap between science and marketing of probiotics.
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