| 1. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evidence on the Long-Run Impact of Community-Based Monitoring
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 9:1, s. 33-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluate the longer run impact of a local accountability intervention in primary health care provision in Uganda. Short-run improvements in health care delivery and health outcomes remained in the longer run despite minimal follow-up. We find no impact on the quality of care or health. outcomes of a lower cost intervention that focused on encouraging participation but did not provide information on staff performance. We provide suggestive evidence that informed beneficiaries are more likely to identify and challenge (mis)behavior by providers and, as a result, turn their focus to issues that they can manage locally.
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| 2. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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HIV, risk, and time preferences : Evidence from a general population sample in Lesotho
- 2022
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Ingår i: Health Economics. - : Wiley. - 1057-9230 .- 1099-1050. ; 31:5, s. 904-911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying individuals most at risk of HIV infection is a priority for policymakers. Apart from specific groups, however, little is known about how to identify those at high risk in the population. Research suggests that attitudes toward risk and time preferences may influence risky sexual behavior, but no studies have so far investigated the interplay between risk attitudes, time preference, and HIV infection. We collect data on risk and time preferences using hypothetical games (multiple price list method) at baseline and data on HIV status at baseline (2010) and endline (2012) allowing us to calculate incidence rate over a 2-year period among 675 participants, males and females 18–32 years old in Lesotho. We find robust evidence of a statistically significant positive associations between HIV incidence and prevalence and risk-loving attitudes, while the associations with risky behaviors and time preferences are not statistically significant. A measure of attitude toward risk, relatively easy to administer to individuals in a survey, is thus associated with future HIV status. This is an important finding for policymakers and suggests the importance of targeting HIV prevention programs to risk-loving individuals and therefore improving program efficiency.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Incentivizing Safer Sexual Behavior : Evidence from a Lottery Experiment on HIV Prevention
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 10:3, s. 287-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the effect of a financial lottery program in Lesotho with relatively low expected payments but a chance to win a high prize conditional on negative test results for sexually transmitted infections. The intervention resulted in a 21.4 percent reduction in HIV incidence over two years. Lottery incentives appear to be particularly effective in targeting individuals with ex ante risky sexual behavior, consistent with the hypothesis that lotteries are more valued by individuals willing to take risks.
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| 5. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Replication data for : Incentivizing Safer Sexual Behavior: Evidence from a Lottery Experiment on HIV Prevention
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We investigate the effect of a financial lottery program in Lesotho with relatively low expected payments but a chance to win a high prize conditional on negative test results for sexually transmitted infections. The intervention resulted in a 21.4 percent reduction in HIV incidence over two years. Lottery incentives appear to be particularly effective in targeting individuals with ex ante risky sexual behavior, consistent with the hypothesis that lotteries are more valued by individuals willing to take risks.
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| 6. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Using lotteries to incentivize safer sex behavior : evidence from a randomized controlled trial on HIV prevention
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Financial incentives are a promising HIV prevention strategy. This paper assesses the effect on HIV incidence of a lottery program in Lesotho with low expected payments but a chance to win a high prize conditional on negative test results for sexually transmitted infections. The intervention resulted in a 21.4 percent reduction in HIV incidence over two years. Lottery incentives appear to be particularly effective for individuals willing to take risks. This paper estimates a model linking sexual behavior to HIV incidence and finds that risk-loving individuals reduce the number of unprotected sexual acts by 0.3/month for every $1 increase in the expected prize.
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| 7. |
- Svensson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Information is Power : Experimental Evidence in the Long-Run Impact of Community Based Monitoring
- 2014
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Ingår i: Policy Research Working Papers. - Washington, D.C. : World Bank. - 1813-9450.
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents the results of two field experiments onlocal accountability in primary health care in Uganda. Effortsto stimulate beneficiary control, coupled with the provisionof report cards on staff performance, resulted in significantimprovements in health care delivery and health outcomesin both the short and the longer run. Efforts to stimulatebeneficiary control without providing information onperformance had no impact on quality of care or health outcomes.The paper shows that informed users are more likelyto identify and challenge (mis)behavior by providers and as aresult turn their focus to issues that they can manage locally.
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