| 1. |
- Berg, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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The three-dimensional acoustic environment as depth cue in sound recordings
- 2005
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Ingår i: AES 118th Convention. - : Audio Engineering Society, Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research on the perceived depth in a sound image mainly concerns the distance to the source. Observations on the three-dimensional environment, is generally of an anecdotal nature. In order to enhance the perceived spatial quality of reproduced sound, it is important to know more about how depth in recordings is perceived and generated. The aim of this study is to put focus on the concept of depth, i.e. define what sound engineers mean by depth in recordings. This has been studied through interviews with sound engineers. The most common thought is that depth is equal to the distance to the sound sources. This definition is still not enough to encompass the whole concept of depth. The experienced environment in front of the listener may also affect the perceived depth.
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| 2. |
- Meyer, John-Jules, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Preferential Action Semantics
- 2002
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Ingår i: Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty Management Systems: Volume 7. - : Kluwer. - 9781402008344 ; , s. -479
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This last volume of the Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty Management Systems is - together with Volume 6 - devoted to the topics Reasoning and Dynamics, covering both the topics of "Dynamics of Reasoning," where reasoning is viewed as a process, and "Reasoning about Dynamics," which must be understood as pertaining to how both designers of, and agents within dynamic systems may reason about these systems. The present volume presents work done in this context and is more focused on "reasoning about dynamics," viz. how (human and artificial) agents reason about (systems in) dynamic environments in order to control them. In particular modelling frameworks and generic agent models for modelling these dynamic systems and formal approaches to these systems such as logics for agents and formal means to reason about agent-based and compositional systems, and action & change more in general are considered.
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| 3. |
- Wuolikainen, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Studies of the human cerebrospinal fluid metabolome reveal alterations associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and subtypes of the disease
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The composition of the metabolome in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is unknown. Previous studies of single metabolites have shown conflicting results.Methods: Using GC-TOFMS and multivariate statistical modeling, we studied the metabolome signature of ~120 compounds in the cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients stratified according to hereditary disposition and clinical subtypes of the disease.Findings: Sporadic ALS has a heterogeneous metabolite signature in the CSF, in some patients being almost identical to controls. Familial ALS without SOD1 gene mutation is less heterogeneous than sporadic ALS. The metabolome of the CSF of the 17 ALS patients with a SOD1 gene mutation appeared as a separate homogeneous group. Analysis of single metabolites revealed that glutamate, pyroglutamate and glutamine were all reduced, in particular in patients with a familial disposition.Interpretation: There are significant differences in the metabolite profile and composition among patients with familial ALS, sporadic ALS and patients carrying a mutation in the SOD1 gene suggesting that the neurodegenerative process in different subtypes of ALS may be different. Patients with a genetic predisposition to ALS have a more distinct signature than patients with a sporadic disease.
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| 4. |
- Wuolo, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Trees with a Denser Crown have Lower Water Consumption than Trees with a Sparser Crown
- 2023
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Ingår i: JOJ Horticulture & Arboriculture. - : Juniper Publishers. - 2641-8215. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trees have many positive effects on the urban environment, but they are also exposed to several stress factors. Water deficit is one of these. Irrigation, structural soils or selecting drought tolerant species are different ways to meet this problem. Another way might be choosing individuals that could reduce water loss due to microclimate differences within the crown. The objective of this study is to address whether different crown densities in single trees may influence the water consumption during days with high atmospheric demand. Two pairs of similar Tilia cordata Mill. ‘Green spire’ with different crown densities, one dense and one sparse, were planted in containers and placed on scales at a paved yard in Alnarp, Sweden, during July and August 2009. Daily weight loss was continuously logged, and measurements of stomatal conductance and stem water potential were performed twice a day. Stomatal conductance was approximately 66% higher (3 mm s-1) in the sparse tree of pair S7:D46 and approximately 20% higher (1 mm s-1) in the sparse tree of pair S52:D21. The dense trees and sparse tree S52 used on average 10.2-10.9 kg water day-1 (1.2-1.4 mm day-1). Sparse tree S7 used on average 13.8 kg water day-1 (2.1 mm day-1). This difference might be caused by different microclimates in the crowns of the sparse and dense trees. Other factors were kept as similar as possible within each pair. The difference in water use was, however, more pronounced in one of the pairs. This could be caused by the different ability for water uptake and transport in the two pairs. The pair with the largest difference in water use had the strongest growth. We conclude that crown density affects water use of a tree in an urban environment; sparse linden trees consume more water than dense.
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| 5. |
- Wuopio, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Cathepsin B and S as markers for cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease during 10 years : a CLARICOR trial sub-study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 278, s. 97-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The lysosomal cysteine proteases cathepsin B and S have been implicated in the atherosclerotic process. The present paper investigates the association between serum levels of cathepsin B and S and cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease.METHODS: The CLARICOR trial is a randomised, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of clarithromycin versus placebo in patients with stable coronary heart disease. The outcome was time to either a cardiovascular event or all-cause mortality. The placebo group was used as discovery sample and the clarithromycin group as replication sample: n = 1998, n = 1979; mean age (years) 65, 65; 31%, 30% women; follow-up for 10 years; number of composite outcomes n = 1204, n = 1220; respectively. We used a pre-defined multivariable Cox regression model adjusting for inflammation, established cardiovascular risk factors, kidney function, and use of cardiovascular drugs.RESULTS: Cathepsin B was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome in both samples after multivariable adjustment (discovery: multivariable ratio (HR) per standard deviation increase 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.19, p < 0.001, replication; HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.21, p < 0.001). There was no significant association between cathepsin S and the composite outcome in either the discovery or replication sample after multivariable adjustment (p>0.45). Secondary analyses suggest that cathepsin B was predominantly associated with mortality rather than specific cardiovascular events.CONCLUSIONS: Cathepsin B, but not serum cathepsin S, was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease. The clinical implications of our findings remain to be established.
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| 6. |
- Chinthakindi, Praveen K., et al.
(författare)
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Solid Phase Synthesis of Sulfonimidamide Pseudopeptides and Library Generation
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; 2020:25, s. 3796-3807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many synthetic routes have been explored to make small molecule sulfonimidamides (SIAs), however, its introduction into larger molecules such as oligopeptides has not been studied before. We herein demonstrate three alternative and complementary methods for synthesis of SIA based pseudopeptides, on solid phase, using both on and off‐resin SIA‐synthesis, via sulfonimidoyl chlorides from sulfonamides, in high conversion. Beside evaluation of various resins such as 2‐CTC, Wang, and Rink amide‐ChemMatrix, the possibilities to further N‐functionalize and cyclize the SIA functionality on solid support are shown. The diastereomers of SIA containing pseudopeptides could in most cases be separated using normal reverse phase preparative HPLC. The solid phase SIA methodology has many advantages when it comes to handling and purification as compared to in solution, and will therefore enable exploration of the SIA group as isosteric substitutions and peptidomimetic building blocks in the development of drug‐like pseudopeptides in many ways. Of particular note these approaches facilitate combinatorial library synthesis as demonstrated herein.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Wuopio, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Estimated salt intake and risk of atrial fibrillation in a prospective community-based cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 289:5, s. 700-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Hypertension predisposes to atrial fibrillation (AF) – a major risk factor for ischaemic stroke. Since a high dietary salt consumption is associated with hypertension, we investigated the association between urinary sodium excretion as a marker for dietary sodium intake and risk of new-onset AF in community-dwelling adults. Method: The UK Biobank includes 40- to 69-year-old British residents recruited 2006–2010. Participants were divided into sex-specific quintiles according to 24-hour sodium excretion estimated based on spot samples with the Kawasaki equation. We excluded participants with AF at baseline. Cox regression adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors was used to assess associations with risk of AF, using the third quintile as reference. Results: A total of 257 545 women and 215 535 men were included. During up to 10 years' follow-up, 2221 women and 3751 men were diagnosed with AF. There was a tendency for an increased risk of AF in the lowest and highest quintiles of estimated daily salt intake in both women and men. In the fully adjusted model, significant associations were seen amongst men in the lowest and highest quintiles of sodium excretion (hazard ratio, HRQv1, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.08–1.32, P < 0.001, and HRQv5 1.15, 95% CI, 1.03–1.27, P = 0.011). Conclusion: We found evidence for a U-shaped association between estimated daily salt intake and AF risk amongst men. A suggestive J-shaped association in women was not statistically confirmed, but analyses were likely underpowered. Our results suggest that above a certain physiological minimum level progressively higher salt intake is associated with increasing risk of AF.
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| 9. |
- Ohlström, Marcus, 1976-
(författare)
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Liberal Neutrality and the Domain of the Political
- 2014
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Ingår i: Review Journal of Political Philosophy. - : Cambridge Scholars Press. - 1752-2056. ; 11:1, s. 31-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper suggests and defends a principled way to strike a balance between the two conflicting demands for individual sovereignty and the possibility to address politically matters affecting the many. Revisiting the debate on liberal neutrality and drawing on the Rawlsian distinction between liberty and what gives worth to liberty, it is argued that policies affecting liberty must always be neutral in aim, while policies affecting the distribution of the resources giving worth to liberty need not. This way, we restrict the means available to pursue political goals rather than the range of permissible goals itself. We thereby allow for political influence over a wide array of matters, but leave the final right to decide to the individual herself. Having outlined some of the advantages of such a view, it is suggested that liberal theory henceforth should pay less attention to what the state may do, and more to how the state may do what it sets out to do.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Briand, Elisabeth, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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An OEGylated thiol monolayer for the tethering of liposomes and the study of liposome interactions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-9140. ; 81:4-5, s. 1153-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present work is to develop a protocol for the specific immobilization of liposomes, via tethers, onto functionalized gold surfaces, and in addition to give one example for such a surface architecture All surface functionalization steps are charcerized and controlled First, mixed thiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared from COOH- and OCH3-terminated oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) alkane thiols were characterized by polarization modulation reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (PM-RAIRS) and by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The composition of the mixed SAMs was found to be close to that of the thiol solution. Next, grafting of biotin conjugated with an NH2-terminated OEG spacer (biotin-OEG-NH2) to the COOH groups via conventional amine coupling was optimized with respect to the COOH/OCH3 ratio of the SAM. The grafting of biotin-OEG-NH2 was assessed by monitoring the binding of neutravidin and albumin to the biotinylated surfaces using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), as well as by PM-RAIRS It was shown that a COOH/OCH3 ratio of around 0.3 was sufficient to saturate the SAMs with neutravidin. Finally, tethering of liposomes onto the neutravidin-terminated SAMs. was achieved. As an application example. of a close packed layer of tethered liposomes was exposed to the membrane-penetrating peptide melittin As monitored by QCM-D. the liposomes fused when interacting with the peptide and ruptured into an extended. supported lipid bilayer over the whole surface. In summary, the described surface modification has potential for the development of assays requiring tethered Intact liposomes, or tethered planar bilayers. Such surface architectures are especially important for the study of transmembrane proteins and peptides.
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| 12. |
- Dutta, Paramita, et al.
(författare)
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Thermoelectricity carried by proximity-induced odd-frequency pairing in ferromagnet/superconductor junctions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 102:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explore the role of proximity-induced odd-frequency pairing in the thermoelectricity of a ferromagnet when coupled to a conventional s-wave spin-singlet superconductor through a spin-active interface. By varying both the polarization and its direction in the ferromagnet and the interfacial spin-orbit interaction strength, we analyze the behavior of all proximity-induced pair amplitudes in the ferromagnet and their contributions to the thermoelectric coefficients. Based on our results for the Seebeck coefficient, we predict that odd-frequency spin-triplet Cooper pairs are much more efficient than the conventional spin-singlet even-frequency pairs in enhancing thermoelectricity of the junction, and especially mixed-spin triplet pairing is favorable. Our results on the thermoelectric figure of merit show that ferromagnet/superconductor junctions are very good thermoelectric systems when superconductivity is dominated by odd-frequency pairing.
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| 13. |
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