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- van de Sande-Bruinsma, Nienke, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial drug use and resistance in Europe
- 2008
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 14:11, s. 1722-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our study confronts the use of antimicrobial agents in ambulatory care with the resistance trends of 2 major pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, in 21 European countries in 2000-2005 and explores whether the notion that antimicrobial drug use determines resistance can be supported by surveillance data at national aggregation levels. The data obtained from the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption and the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System suggest that variation of consumption coincides with the occurrence of resistance at the country level. Linear regression analysis showed that the association between antimicrobial drug use and resistance was specific and robust for 2 of 3 compound pathogen combinations, stable over time, but not sensitive enough to explain all of the observed variations. Ecologic studies based on routine surveillance data indicate a relation between use and resistance and support interventions designed to reduce antimicrobial drug consumption at a national level in Europe.
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| 3. |
- Adewumi, Oluseun, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 25:7, s. 803-816
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide. Despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers of human embryonic stem cells. They expressed the glycolipid antigens SSEA3 and SSEA4, the keratan sulfate antigens TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM2 and GCT343, and the protein antigens CD9, Thy1 (also known as CD90), tissue- nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and class 1 HLA, as well as the strongly developmentally regulated genes NANOG, POU5F1 (formerly known as OCT4), TDGF1, DNMT3B, GABRB3 and GDF3. Nevertheless, the lines were not identical: differences in expression of several lineage markers were evident, and several imprinted genes showed generally similar allele-specific expression patterns, but some gene-dependent variation was observed. Also, some female lines expressed readily detectable levels of XIST whereas others did not. No significant contamination of the lines with mycoplasma, bacteria or cytopathic viruses was detected.
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| 6. |
- Dvorak, C.M.T., et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptional profiling of stress response in cultured porcine islets
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Academic Press. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 357:1, s. 118-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-based diabetes therapy may be achieved through xenotransplantation of adult porcine islets, but tissue quality and immunoreactivity barriers need to be overcome. Early identification and exclusion of irreversibly stressed and dying islets may improve transplant outcomes. We used oligonucleotide microarray and quantitative RT-PCR to identify molecular markers of physiological and immunological stress in porcine islets cultured under stress conditions of elevated glucose (16.7 mM), inflammatory cytokine addition (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma), or both, for 48 h. Hyperglycemic conditions were associated with increased thioredoxin interacting protein and metabolic process mRNAs, as observed in rodent and primate species. Cytokine treatment increased expression of JAK-STAT pathway components, oxidative stress (transglutaminase 2), and beta cell dysfunction genes. Transglutaminase 2 induction is unique to porcine islets. Biomarkers involved in hyperglycemia and islet inflammation may serve as novel targets for improving and monitoring isolated porcine islet function and viability.
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| 7. |
- Fuller, C.W., et al.
(författare)
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Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 16:2, s. 97-106
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football injuries, this has made inter-study comparisons difficult. An Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre. Using a nominal group consensus model approach, a working document that identified the key issues related to definitions, methodology and implementation was discussed by members of the group during a 2-day meeting. Following this meeting, iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented. The definitions and methodology proposed in the consensus statement will ensure that consistent and comparable results will be obtained from studies of football injuries. Copyright © Blackwell Munksgaard 2006.
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| 8. |
- Fuller, C.W., et al.
(författare)
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Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries
- 2006
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 40:3, s. 193-201
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football (soccer) injuries, making interstudy comparisons difficult. Therefore an Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of Federation Internationale de Football Association Medical Assessment and Research Centre. A nominal group consensus model approach was used. A working document on definitions, methodology, and implementation was discussed by the group. Iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity, and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis, and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries, and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented.
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| 9. |
- Junge, A, et al.
(författare)
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Sports injuries during the Summer Olympic Games 2008
- 2009
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Ingår i: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 37:11, s. 2165-2172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standardized assessment of sports injuries provides important epidemiological information and also directions for injury prevention. Purpose To analyze the frequency, characteristics, and causes of injuries incurred during the Summer Olympic Games 2008. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods The chief physicians and/or chief medical officers of the national teams were asked to report daily all injuries newly incurred during the Olympic Games on a standardized injury report form. In addition, injuries were reported daily by the physicians at the medical stations at the different Olympic venues and at the polyclinic in the Olympic Village. Results Physicians and/or therapists of 92 national teams covering 88% of the 10 977 registered athletes took part in the study. In total, 1055 injuries were reported, resulting in an incidence of 96.1 injuries per 1000 registered athletes. Half of the injuries (49.6%) were expected to prevent the athlete from participating in competition or training. The most prevalent diagnoses were ankle sprains and thigh strains. The majority (72.5%) of injuries were incurred in competition. One third of the injuries were caused by contact with another athlete, followed by overuse (22%) and noncontact incidences (20%). Injuries were reported from all sports, but their incidence and characteristics varied substantially. In relation to the number of registered athletes, the risk of incurring an injury was highest in soccer, taekwondo, hockey, handball, weightlifting, and boxing (all ≥15% of the athletes) and lowest for sailing, canoeing/kayaking, rowing, synchronized swimming, diving, fencing, and swimming. Conclusion The data indicate that the injury surveillance system covered almost all of the participating athletes, and the results highlight areas of high risk for sport injury such as the in-competition period, the ankle and thigh, and specific sports. The identification of these factors should stimulate future research and subsequent policy change to prevent injury in elite athletes.
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| 10. |
- Lohmander, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term risks for knee osteoarthritis in soccer
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Football and Sports Medicine: Caring for the soccer athlete worldwide. - 0976438917 - 9780976438915
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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