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1.	Bauer, C., et al. (författare) Prolate shape of Ba-140 from a first combined Doppler-shift and Coulomb-excitation measurement at the REX-ISOLDE facility 2012 Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 86:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Quadrupole moments of excited nuclear states are important observables for geometrically interpreting nuclear structure in terms of deformed shapes, although data are scarce and sometimes ambiguous, in particular, in neutron-rich nuclides. Purpose: A measurement was performed for determining the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the 2(1)(+) state of Ba-140 in order to clarify the character of quadrupole deformation (prolate or oblate) of the state in its yrast sequence of levels. Method: We have utilized a new combined technique of lifetime measurement at REX-ISOLDE and MINIBALL using the Doppler-shift attenuation method (DSAM) and a reorientation analysis of Coulomb-excitation yields. Results: On the basis of the new lifetime of tau(2(1)(+)) = 10.4(-0.8)(+2.2) ps the electric quadrupole moment was determined to be Q(2(1)(+)) = -0.52(34) eb, indicating a predominant prolate deformation. Conclusions: This finding is in agreement with beyond-mean-field calculations using the Gogny D1S force and with results from the Monte Carlo shell-model approach.
2.	Warr, N., et al. (författare) The Miniball spectrometer 2013 Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 49:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Miniball germanium detector array has been operational at the REX (Radioactive ion beam EXperiment) post accelerator at the Isotope Separator On-Line facility ISOLDE at CERN since 2001. During the last decade, a series of successful Coulomb excitation and transfer reaction studies have been performed with this array, utilizing the unique and high-quality radioactive ion beams which are available at ISOLDE. In this article, an overview is given of the technical details of the full Miniball setup, including a description of the.-ray and particle detectors, beam monitoring devices and methods to deal with beam contamination. The specific timing properties of the REX-ISOLDE facility are highlighted to indicate the sensitivity that can be achieved with the full Miniball setup. The article is finalized with a summary of some physics highlights at REX-ISOLDE and the utilization of the Miniball germanium detectors at other facilities.
3.	Bree, N, et al. (författare) Shape Coexistence in the Neutron-Deficient Even-Even Hg182-188 Isotopes Studied via Coulomb Excitation. 2014 Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 112:16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Coulomb-excitation experiments to study electromagnetic properties of radioactive even-even Hg isotopes were performed with 2.85 MeV/nucleon mercury beams from REX-ISOLDE. Magnitudes and relative signs of the reduced E2 matrix elements that couple the ground state and low-lying excited states in Hg182-188 were extracted. Information on the deformation of the ground and the first excited 0+ states was deduced using the quadrupole sum rules approach. Results show that the ground state is slightly deformed and of oblate nature, while a larger deformation for the excited 0+ state was noted in Hg182,184. The results are compared to beyond mean field and interacting-boson based models and interpreted within a two-state mixing model. Partial agreement with the model calculations was obtained. The presence of two different structures in the light even-mass mercury isotopes that coexist at low excitation energy is firmly established.
4.	DiJulio, Douglas, et al. (författare) Electromagnetic properties of vibrational bands in Er-170 2011 Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 47:2, s. 25- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Excited states of the nucleus Er-170 have been studied by Coulomb excitation using the GASP gamma-ray detector system at the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. The ground-state band along with a low-lying K-pi = 0(+) band and gamma-vibrational band were populated during the experiment. Based on the measured gamma-ray yields, a set of interband and intraband matrix elements has been extracted using the Coulomb excitation code GOSIA. The resulting E2 matrix elements are compared to collective model predictions.
5.	Gössling, Stefan, et al. (författare) Transition management : a tool for implementing sustainable tourism scenarios? 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Sustainable Tourism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0966-9582 .- 1747-7646. ; 20:6, s. 899-916 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract There is academic, political and industry consensus that tourism should achieve greater sustainability, a process requiring stakeholder involvement on various levels. It is less clear how significant actor numbers can be mobilized to pro-actively work towards sustainability goals, achieving significant systemic change. This paper explores the transition management literature to provide a theoretical framework for stakeholder involvement and policy implementation processes in sustainable tourism. A selection of sustainable tourism initiatives by global tourism and transport organizations are reviewed and discussed with regard to the mechanisms and approaches used to involve stakeholders, and their success or otherwise in achieving change. This is compared to the results of a national tourism sustainability initiative by the Norwegian government initiated in 2010. The initiative brought together 62 leading stakeholders from all tourism interests, except airlines, for a series of six intensive discussion and goal setting sessions. Evaluation shows that stakeholder awareness and knowledge appear to have improved substantially, and potential government policy initiatives legitimized – though few tangible results can yet be seen. Overall results suggest that transition management provides a valuable theoretical framework to understand change processes, while the dialetics of stakeholder involvement and policy implementation are an essential precondition for successful governance.
6.	Petrén, Henrik, et al. (författare) eta-meson production in proton-proton collisions at excess energies of 40 and 72 MeV 2010 Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 82:5, s. 055206- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The production of eta mesons in proton-proton collisions has been studied using the WASA detector at the CELSIUS storage ring at excess energies of Q = 40 MeV and Q = 72 MeV. The eta was detected through its 2 gamma decay in a near-4 pi electromagnetic calorimeter, whereas the protons were measured by a combination of straw chambers and plastic scintillator planes in the forward hemisphere. About 6.9 x 10(4) and 9.3 x 10(4) events were found at Q = 40 MeV and Q = 72 MeV, respectively, with background contributions of less than 5%. A simple parametrization of the production cross section in terms of low partial waves was used to evaluate the acceptance corrections. Strong evidence was found for the influence of higher partial waves. The Dalitz plots show the presence of p waves in both the pp and the eta {pp} systems and the angular distributions of the eta in the center-of-mass frame suggest the influence of d-wave eta mesons.
7.	Schönning, Karin, et al. (författare) The pd →3Heηπ0 reaction at Tp = 1450 MeV 2010 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 685:1, s. 33-37 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The cross section for the pd→3Heηπ0 reaction has been measured at a beam energy of 1450 MeV using the WASA detector at the CELSIUS storage ring and detecting one 3He and four photons from the decays of the two mesons. The data indicate that the production mechanism involves the formation of the Δ(1232) isobar. Although the beam energy does not allow the full peak of this resonance to be seen, the invariant masses of all three pairs of final particles are well reproduce dby a phase space Monte Carlo simulation weighted with the p-wave factor of the square of the π0 momentum in the 3He π0 system.
8.	Andersson, C. David, et al. (författare) Divergent Structure-Activity Relationships of Structurally Similar Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 56:19, s. 7615-7624 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The molecular interactions between the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and two compound classes consisting of N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]benzenesulfonamides and N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]benzenemethanesulfonamides have been investigated using organic synthesis, enzymatic assays, X-ray crystallography, and thermodynamic profiling. The inhibitors' aromatic properties were varied to establish structure activity relationships (SAR) between the inhibitors and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. The two structurally similar compound classes proved to have distinctly divergent SARs in terms of their inhibition capacity of AChE. Eight X-ray structures revealed that the two sets have different conformations in PAS. Furthermore, thermodynamic profiles of the binding between compounds and AChE revealed class-dependent differences of the entropy/enthalpy contributions to the free energy of binding. Further development of the entropy-favored compound class resulted in the synthesis of the most potent inhibitor and an extension beyond the established SARs. The divergent SARs will be utilized to develop reversible inhibitors of AChE into reactivators of nerve agent-inhibited AChE.
9.	Berg, Lotta, et al. (författare) Similar but Different : Thermodynamic and Structural Characterization of a Pair of Enantiomers Binding to Acetylcholinesterase 2012 Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 51:51, s. 12716-12720 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Take a closer look: Unexpectedly, a pair of enantiomeric ligands proved to have similar binding affinities for acetylcholinesterase. Further studies indicated that the enantiomers exhibit different thermodynamic profiles. Analyses of the noncovalent interactions in the protein-ligand complexes revealed that these differences are partly due to nonclassical hydrogen bonds between the ligands and aromatic side chains of the protein.
10.	Blixt, Ingrid, 1968-, et al. (författare) Process-oriented training in breastfeeding for health professionals decreases women’s experiences of breastfeeding challenges 2014 Ingår i: International Breastfeeding Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1746-4358. ; 9:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: The World Health Organization recommends promoting exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Women much too often end breastfeeding earlier than they planned, but women who continue to breastfeed despite problems more often experience good support and counselling from health professionals. The aim in this study was to evaluate the effects of a process-oriented training in breastfeeding support counselling for midwives and child health nurses, in relation to women’s satisfaction with breastfeeding counselling, problems with insufficient breast milk, pain or nipple sores in relation to exclusive breastfeeding shorter or longer than 3 months.Methods: An intervention through process-oriented training for health professionals regarding support in childbearing and breastfeeding took part in the south west of Sweden. The present study was performed in Sweden, in 2000- 2003. Ten municipalities were paired, and within each pair, one was randomly assigned to the group of five intervention (IG) municipalities and one to the group of five control municipalities. Primiparas (n=540) were asked to participate in a longitudinal study to evaluate the care they received. A survey was distributed at 3 days, 3 months and 9 months postpartum. Data collection for control group A (n=162) started before the intervention was initiated. Data for control group B (n=172) were collected simultaneously with the intervention group (IG) (n=206).Women were also divided into two groups depending on whether they exclusive breastfed < 3 months or ≥ 3 months.Results: Women in IG were more satisfied with the breastfeeding counselling (p=0.008) and felt the breastfeeding counselling was more coherent (p=0.002) compared with control groups, when the exclusively breastfeeding was < 3 months. In addition fewer women in the IG, among the group exclusively breastfeeding < 3 months, had problems with insufficient breast milk compared to the control groups (p=0.01).Conclusion: A process-oriented training for health professionals in support influenced women's ability to solve breastfeeding problems such as the experience of insufficient breast milk production. Women with exclusive breastfeeding lasting ≥ 3 months more often had breastfeeding duration in conformity with their planned breastfeeding duration, compared with women who had breastfeeding duration < 3 months.Trial registration: ACTRN12611000354987
11.	Bäckström, Caroline A., et al. (författare) Zwei Seiten der Stillberatung : Erfahrungen von Frauen und Hebammen 2012 Ingår i: Laktation und Stillen. - : ELACTA Europäische LaktationsberaterInnen Allianz. - 1614-807X. ; 25:2, s. 56-62 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
12.	Cabras, T., et al. (författare) Top-down HPLC-ESI-MS characterization of rat gliadoralin A, a new member of the family of rat submandibular gland glutamine-rich proteins and potential substrate of transglutaminase 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306. ; 36:17, s. 2848-2861 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract During HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of rat submandibular saliva secreted under isoprenaline stimulation, a protein with an experimental [M+H](1+) = 10544.24 m/z was detected (17.5 +/- 0.7 min). The MS/MS fragmentation pattern, manually investigated, allowed establishing an internal sequence in agreement with a DNA-derived sequence of an unknown rat protein coded D3Z9M3 (Swiss-Prot). To match the experimental MS/MS fragmentation pattern and protein mass with theoretical data, the removal from the N terminus of the signal peptide and from the C terminus of three amino acid (a.a.) residues (Arg-Ala-Val) and the cyclization of the N-terminal glutamine in pyroglutamic had to be supposed, resulting in a mature protein of 90 a.a. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS of the trypsin digest ensured 100% sequence coverage. For the high glutamine content (34/90 = 37.8%) we propose to name this protein rat gliadoralin A 1-90. Low amounts of five different isoforms were sporadically detected, which did not significantly change their relative amounts after stimulation. Gliadoralin A is substrate for transglutaminase-2, having Lys 60 and different Gln residues as major determinants for enzyme recognition. In silico investigation of superior structures evidenced that a small part of the protein adopts an -helical fold, whereas large segments are unfolded, suggesting an unordered conformation.
13.	Castellsague, Xavier, et al. (författare) Prospective seroepidemiologic study on the role of Human Papillomavirus and other infections in cervical carcinogenesis: Evidence from the EPIC cohort 2014 Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 135:2, s. 440-452 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To evaluate prospectively the association between serological markers of selected infections, including HPV, and risk of developing cervical cancer (CC) and precancer, we performed a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study that included 184 cases of invasive CC (ICC), 425 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or carcinoma in situ (CIS), and 1,218 matched control women. At enrollment participants completed lifestyle questionnaires and provided sera. Subjects were followed-up for a median of 9 years. Immunoassays were used to detect serum antibodies to Human Herpes Virus 2 (HHV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Chlamydia pneumoniae, L1 proteins of mucosal and cutaneous HPV types, E6/E7 proteins of HPV16/18, as well as to four polyomaviruses. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) [and 95% confidence intervals (CI)] for CIN3/CIS and ICC risk were respectively: 1.6 (1.2-2.0) and 1.8 (1.1-2.7) for L1 seropositivity to any mucosal HPV type, 1.0 (0.4-2.4) and 7.4 (2.8-19.7) for E6 seropositivity to HPV16/18, 1.3 (0.9-1.9) and 2.3 (1.3-4.1) for CT seropositivity, and 1.4 (1.0-2.0) and 1.5 (0.9-2.6) for HHV-2 seropositivity. The highest OR for ICC was observed for HPV16 E6 seropositivity [OR=10.2 (3.3-31.1)]. Increasing number of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was associated with increasing risk. Non-STIs were not associated with CC risk. In conclusion, this large prospective study confirms the important role of HPV and a possible contribution of CT and HHV-2 in cervical carcinogenesis. It further identifies HPV16 E6 seropositivity as the strongest marker to predict ICC well before disease development. What's New? Limited data are available from prospective studies concerning the role of past exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) and other infections in cervical carcinogenesis. This study assessed associations between cervical cancer and pre-cancer and serological markers of exposure to mucosal and cutaneous HPVs, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Chlamydia pneumonia, human herpes virus-2 (HHV-2), and polyomaviruses using a nested case-control design within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Associations were found for mucosal HPVs, CT, and HHV-2. A greater number of sexually transmitted diseases further raised the risk of cervical cancer.
14.	Currow, David C., et al. (författare) Opioids for Chronic Refractory Breathlessness: Right Patient, Right Route? 2014 Ingår i: Drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-6667 .- 1179-1950. ; 74:1, s. 1-6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Chronic breathlessness at rest or on minimal exertion despite optimal treatment of the underlying chronic cause(s) is termed chronic refractory breathlessness. This is prevalent across the community and is an independent indicator of poor prognosis. This narrative review focuses on the palliation of chronic refractory breathlessness in people predominantly with non-cancer diagnoses. Breathlessness is a complex sensation with at least three dimensions-intensity, distress/unpleasantness and its impact on function. It is the conscious representation of a mismatch between central ventilatory drive (the demand to breathe) and the responding respiratory output (the ability to breathe). Measurement relies on subjective reports by patients using a choice of uni- and multi-variable tools; the minimal clinically important difference is the smallest change conceived as clinically meaningful by the patients. Exogenous and endogenous opioids work centrally to reduce the sensation of breathlessness, with morphine as a mu opioid receptor agonist the most widely studied. Regular, low doses of sustained-release morphine have been shown to safely reduce breathlessness in this setting without evidence of respiratory depression nor obtundation. Patients should be initiated at a dosage of 10 mg/24 h and titrated by 10 mg if there is no benefit once in steady state. The highest dosage in the only dose-ranging study published to date was only 30 mg/24 h. Predictors of response to opioids for chronic refractory breathlessness include younger people with more severe breathlessness at baseline. Future research should address whether upward titration delivers further clinical benefit and whether all underlying aetiologies respond as predictably to opioids.
15.	Ekström, Johan G., et al. (författare) Effects of blue light and caffeine on mood 2014 Ingår i: Psychopharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0033-3158 .- 1432-2072. ; 231:18, s. 3677-3683 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Both short wavelength (blue) light and caffeine have been studied for their mood enhancing effects on humans. The ability of blue light to increase alertness, mood and cognitive function via non-image forming neuropathways has been suggested as a non-pharmacological countermeasure for depression across a range of occupational settings. This experimental study compared blue light and caffeine and aimed to test the effects of blue light/placebo (BLU), white light/240-mg caffeine (CAF), blue light/240-mg caffeine (BCAF) and white light/placebo (PLA), on mood. A randomised, controlled, crossover design study was used, in a convenience population of 20 healthy volunteers. The participants rated their mood on the Swedish Core Affect Scales (SCAS) prior to and after each experimental condition to assess the dimensions of valence and activation. There was a significant main effect of light (p = 0.009), and the combination of blue light and caffeine had clear positive effects on core effects (ES, ranging from 0.41 to 1.20) and global mood (ES, 0.61 +/- 0.53). The benefits of the combination of blue light and caffeine should be further investigated across a range of applications due to the observed effects on the dimensions of arousal, valence and pleasant activation.
16.	Ekström, Magnus, et al. (författare) Safety of benzodiazepines and opioids in very severe respiratory disease : national prospective study 2014 Ingår i: The BMJ. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833. ; 348, s. g445- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective To evaluate the safety of benzodiazepines and opioids in patients with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Design Population based longitudinal consecutive cohort study. Setting Centres prescribing long term oxygen therapy in Sweden. Patients 2249 patients starting long term oxygen therapy for COPD in Sweden between 2005 and 2009 in the national Swedevox Register. Main outcome measures Effects of benzodiazepines and opioids on rates of admission to hospital and mortality, adjusted for age, sex, arterial blood gases, body mass index (BMI), performance status, previous admissions, comorbidities, and concurrent drugs. Results 1681 (76%) patients were admitted to hospital, and 1129 (50%) died under observation. No patient was lost to follow-up. Benzodiazepines and opioids were not associated with increased admission: hazard ratio 0.98 (95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.10) and 0.98 (0.86 to 1.10), respectively. Benzodiazepines were associated with increased mortality (1.21, 1.05 to 1.39) with a dose response trend. Opioids also had a dose response relation with mortality: lower dose opioids (<= 30 mg oral morphine equivalents a day) were not associated with increased mortality (1.03, 0.84 to 1.26) in contrast with higher dose opioids (1.21, 1.02 to 1.44). Concurrent benzodiazepines and opioids in lower doses were not associated with increased admissions (0.86, 0.53 to 1.42) or mortality (1.25, 0.78 to 1.99). Associations were not modified by being naive to the drugs or by hypercapnia. Conclusions Lower dose opioids are not associated with increased admissions or deaths in patients with COPD and might be safe for symptom reduction in severe respiratory disease.
17.	Granlund, Margareta, et al. (författare) Antimicrobial resistance in colonizing group B Streptococci before the implementation of a Swedish intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis program. 2010 Ingår i: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-4373 .- 0934-9723. ; 29:10, s. 1195-201 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The prevalence of antibiotic resistance and their genetic determinants in colonizing group B streptococci (GBS) sampled in a Swedish nationwide survey was examined. In five GBS isolates (1.3%), kanamycin/amikacin resistance and the presence of the aphA-3 gene was identified. Three of these isolates carried the aad-6 gene and were streptomycin-resistant. Screening with kanamycin and streptomycin 1,000-μg disks enabled a rapid and easy detection of these isolates. In all, 312/396 (79%) GBS were tetracycline-resistant and 95% of the examined isolates harbored the tetM gene. Among the 22 (5.5%) GBS resistant to erythromycin and/or clindamycin, the ermB gene was detected in nine isolates (41%) and erm(A/TR) in ten isolates (45%). A high level of erythromycin and clindamycin resistance with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) >256mg/L was found in four serotype V isolates that harbored ermB. The erythromycin/clindamycin resistance was distributed among all of the common serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V, but was not present in any of the 44 serotype III isolates associated to clonal complex 17. Screening for penicillin resistance with 1-μg oxacillin disks showed a homogenous population with a mean inhibition zone of 20mm. A change in the present oxacillin breakpoints for GBS is suggested.
18.	Hjalgrim, Henrik, et al. (författare) HLA-A alleles and infectious mononucleosis suggest a critical role for cytotoxic T-cell response in EBV-related Hodgkin lymphoma 2010 Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 107:14, s. 6400-6405 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A proportion of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is believed to be causally related to infection with the ubiquitous lymphotropic EBV. The determining factors for development of EBV-related HL remain poorly understood, but likely involve immunological control of the viral infection. Accordingly, markers of the HLA class I region have been associated with risk of EBV-related HL. To study the host genetic component of EBV-related HL further, we investigated the lymphoma's association with HLA-A01 and HLA-A02 simultaneously in the setting of infectious mononucleosis (IM), a risk factor for EBV-related HL, in a case-series analysis including 278 EBV-related and 656 EBV-unrelated cases of HL. By logistic regression, HLA-A01 alleles [odds ratio (OR) per allele, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.60-2.88] were associated with increased and HLA-A02 alleles (OR per allele, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.97) with decreased risk of EBV-related HL. These allele-specific associations corresponded to nearly 10-fold variation in risk of EBV-related HL between HLA-A01 and HLA-A02 homozygotes. History of IM was also associated with risk of EBV-related HL (OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.74-6.66). The association between history of IM and EBV-related HL was not seen in the presence of HLA-A*02 because this allele appeared to neutralize the effect of IM on EBV-related HL risk. Our findings suggest that HLA class I-restricted EBV-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses and events in the early immune response to EBV infection in IM play critical roles in the pathogenesis of EBV-related HL.
19.	Kreimer, Aimée R, et al. (författare) Evaluation of human papillomavirus antibodies and risk of subsequent head and neck cancer 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 31:21, s. 2708-2715 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE:Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection is causing an increasing number of oropharyngeal cancers in the United States and Europe. The aim of our study was to investigate whether HPV antibodies are associated with head and neck cancer risk when measured in prediagnostic sera.METHODS:We identified 638 participants with incident head and neck cancers (patients; 180 oral cancers, 135 oropharynx cancers, and 247 hypopharynx/larynx cancers) and 300 patients with esophageal cancers as well as 1,599 comparable controls from within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Prediagnostic plasma samples from patients (collected, on average, 6 years before diagnosis) and control participants were analyzed for antibodies against multiple proteins of HPV16 as well as HPV6, HPV11, HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV45, and HPV52. Odds ratios (ORs) of cancer and 95% CIs were calculated, adjusting for potential confounders. All-cause mortality was evaluated among patients using Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS:HPV16 E6 seropositivity was present in prediagnostic samples for 34.8% of patients with oropharyngeal cancer and 0.6% of controls (OR, 274; 95% CI, 110 to 681) but was not associated with other cancer sites. The increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer among HPV16 E6 seropositive participants was independent of time between blood collection and diagnosis and was observed more than 10 years before diagnosis. The all-cause mortality ratio among patients with oropharyngeal cancer was 0.30 (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.67), for patients who were HPV16 E6 seropositive compared with seronegative.CONCLUSION:HPV16 E6 seropositivity was present more than 10 years before diagnosis of oropharyngeal cancers.
20.	Kren, F., et al. (författare) Exclusive measurements of pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) : Double-pionic fusion without ABC effect 2010 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 684:2-3, s. 110-113 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Exclusive measurements of the reaction pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) have been carried out at T-p = 1.1 GeV at the CELSIUS storage ring using the WASA detector. The isovector pi(+)pi(0) channel exhibits no enhancement at low invariant pi pi masses, i.e. no ABC effect. Therefore this most basic isovector double-pionic fusion reaction qualifies as an ideal test case for the conventional t-channel Delta Delta excitation process. Indeed, the obtained differential distributions reveal the conventional t-channel Delta Delta mechanism as the appropriate reaction process, which also accounts for the observed energy dependence of the total cross section.
21.	Mercalli, A., et al. (författare) No evidence of enteroviruses in the intestine of patients with type 1 diabetes 2012 Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 55:9, s. 2479-2488 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the gut mucosa is a reservoir for enterovirus persistence in patients with type 1 diabetes. Small intestine biopsy samples from 25 individuals at different stages of type 1 diabetes, 21 control individuals and 27 individuals with coeliac disease were analysed for the presence of enterovirus RNA by using both radioactive in-situ hybridisation and real-time RT-PCR and for the presence of enterovirus proteins by immunostaining with antibodies against VP1 and VP4-2-3 capsid proteins and virus polymerase. Lymphocytic enteropathy and serum anti-VP1 antibodies were also evaluated at the time of biopsy. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing was performed to identify viral transcripts or genomes. Enterovirus was not detected by in-situ hybridisation or RT-PCR in any of the individuals tested. Immunohistology revealed a few stained cells in the intestinal epithelium in a low number of individuals, with no difference between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Levels of serum IgG against VP1 did not differ between control individuals and those with diabetes or coeliac disease and no evidence of diabetes-related lymphocytic enteropathy was detected. High-throughput sequencing did not reveal specific enterovirus sequences in the gut mucosa of individuals with type 1 diabetes. Prolonged/persistent enterovirus infections in gut mucosa are not common in patients with type 1 diabetes.
22.	Nemolato, S., et al. (författare) Immunoreactivity for thymosin beta 4 and thymosin beta 10 in the adult rat oro-gastrointestinal tract 2013 Ingår i: European Journal of Histochemistry. - : PAGEPress Publications. - 1121-760X .- 2038-8306. ; 57:2, s. 106-111 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) and thymosin beta 10 (T beta 10) are two members of the beta-thymosin family, involved in multiple cellular activities in different organs in multiple animal species. Here we report the expression pattern of T beta 4 and T beta 10 in rat tissues, in the gut and in annexed glands. The two peptide were differently expressed: T beta 4 was absent in salivary glands whereas T beta 10 was expressed in parotid and in submandibular glands. T beta 4 was mildly expressed in the tongue and in the oesophagus, where T beta 10 was absent. A similar expression was found in the stomach, ileum and colon mucosa. In pancreas T beta 4 reactivity was restricted to the Langerhans islet cells; T beta 4 was also detected in the exocrine cells. Both peptide were not expressed in liver cells. When the rat expression pattern in rat organs was compared to reactivity for T beta 4 and T beta 10 in humans, marked differences were found. Our data clearly indicate a species-specific expression of T beta 4 and T beta 10, characterized by the actual unpredictability of the expression of these peptides in different cells and tissues. The common high expression of T beta 4 in mast cells, both in humans and in rats, represents one of the few similarities between these two species.
23.	Roura, Esther, et al. (författare) Smoking as a major risk factor for cervical cancer and pre-cancer : results from the EPIC cohort 2014 Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 135:2, s. 453-466 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A total of 308,036 women were selected from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate the association between tobacco smoking and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3)/carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC). At baseline, participants completed a questionnaire and provided blood samples. During a mean follow-up time of 9 years, 261 ICC cases and 804 CIN3/CIS cases were reported. In a nested case-control study, the baseline sera from 609 cases and 1,218 matched controls were tested for L1 antibodies against HPV types 11,16,18,31,33,35,45,52,58, and antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Human Herpes Virus 2 (HHV-2). Cervical samples were not available for HPV-DNA analysis in this study. Multivariate analyses were used to estimate associations between smoking and risk of CIN3/CIS and ICC in the cohort and the case-control studies. In the cohort analyses smoking status, duration and intensity showed a 2-fold increased risk of CIN3/CIS and ICC, while time since quitting was associated with a 2-fold reduced risk. In the nested case-control study, consistent associations were observed after adjustment for HPV, CT and HHV-2 serostatus, in both HPV seronegative and seropositive women. Results from this large prospective study confirm the role of tobacco smoking as an important risk factor for both CIN3/CIS and ICC, even after taking into account HPV exposure as determined by HPV serology. The strong beneficial effect of quitting smoking is an important finding that will further support public health policies for smoking cessation.
24.	Schönning, Karin, et al. (författare) Production of eta and 3 pi mesons in the pd -> (HeX)-He-3 reaction at 1360 and 1450 MeV 2010 Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 45:1, s. 11-21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The cross-sections of the pd -> He-3 eta, pd -> He-3 pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) and pd -> He-3 pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) reactions have been measured at the beam kinetic energies T-p = 1360 MeV and T-p = 1450 MeV using the CELSIUS/WASA detector setup. At both energies, the differential cross-section d sigma/d Omega of the eta meson in the pd -> He-3 eta reaction shows a strong forward-backward asymmetry in the CMS. The ratio between the pd -> He-3 pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and pd -> He-3 pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) cross-sections has been analysed in terms of isospin amplitudes. The reconstructed invariant-mass distributions of the pi pi, He-3 pi and (3)He2 pi systems provide hints on the role of nucleon resonances in the 3 pi production process.
25.	Skorodko, T., et al. (författare) Delta Delta excitation in proton-proton induced pi(0)pi(0) production 2011 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 695:1-4, s. 115-123 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Exclusive measurements of the pp -> pp pi(0)pi(0) reaction have been performed at CELSIUS/WASA at energies from threshold up to T-p = 1.3 GeV. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained. Here we concentrate on energies T-p >= GeV. where the Delta Delta excitation becomes the leading process. No evidence is found for a significant ABC effect beyond that given by the conventional t-channel Delta Delta excitation. This holds also for the double-pionic fusion to the quasibound He-2. The data are compared to model predictions, which are based on both pi- and rho-exchange. Total and differential cross sections are at variance with these predictions and call for a profound modification of the rho-exchange. A phenomenological modification allowing only a small rho-exchange contribution leads to a quantitative description of the data.
26.	Skorodko, T., et al. (författare) Exclusive measurement of the pp -> nn pi(+)pi(+) reaction at 1.1 GeV 2011 Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 47:9, s. 108- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract First exclusive data for the pp -> nnp(+)pi(+) reaction have been obtained at CELSIUS with the WASA detector setup at a beam energy of T(p) - 1.1 GeV. Total and differential cross-sections disagree with theoretical calculations, which predict the Delta Delta excitation to be the dominant process at this beam energy. Instead, the data require the excitation of one of the nucleons to a higher-lying Delta state, preferably the Delta(1600)P(33), to be the leading process.
27.	Skorodko, T., et al. (författare) THE pp -> pp pi(0)pi(0) REACTION AND ITS LIMITING CASE, FUSION TO QUASI-BOUND He-2, IN SEARCH OF THE ABC EFFECT 2011 Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics A. - 0217-751X .- 1793-656X. ; 26:3-4, s. 702-704 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The pi(0)pi(0) production in pp-collisions has been investigated in exclusive and kinematically complete measurements from threshold up to T-p = 1.4 GeV. For incident energies T-p > 1 GeV, i.e. in the region beyond the Roper excitation, the Delta Delta excitation process takes over. The data are well explained by the t-channel Delta Delta process dominated by pion exchange. There is no low-mass enhancement (ABC effect) in the pi(0)pi(0)-invariant mass distribution beyond that given by the conventional t-channel Delta Delta process. This is also true for the limiting case, where the protons are in the quasi-bound He-2 state.
28.	Sverremark-Ekström, E., et al. (författare) Peanut sensitization during the first 5yr of life is associated with elevated levels of peanut-specific IgG 2012 Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 23, s. 224-229 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Allergen-specific IgE antibodies are implicated in allergic diseases while allergen-specific IgG antibodies have been proposed to prevent allergic reactions. The objective for this study was to study whether the immune response (IgG and IgG4) to peanut differs in IgE-sensitized and non-sensitized young children. Methods: A total of 239 children have been followed prospectively from birth to 5yr of age. The levels of IgG and IgG4 to peanut, Ara h 2, and Ara h 8 were analyzed at 2 and 5yr of age and related to IgE sensitization and peanut consumption. Results: The levels of peanut-specific IgG and IgG4 were significantly higher in peanut-sensitized children at 2 and 5yr of age when compared with non-sensitized children and children sensitized to other food/inhalant allergens. A strong correlation was seen between levels of peanut-specific IgG/IgG4-ratios and peanut-specific IgE at 5yr of age. Children avoiding peanuts, a subgroup of the peanut sensitized, had statistically significant higher levels of IgE to peanut and a tendency of higher IgG and IgG4 levels to peanut. In the avoidance group, significant correlations between IgE and IgG/IgG4 to peanut were found compared with children eating peanuts. Conclusion: Peanut-specific IgG or IgG4 levels were elevated in peanut-sensitized children especially those avoiding peanuts. In our study, IgG and IgG4 do not seem to indicate tolerance or protection from sensitization. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
29.	Sverremark-Ekström, Eva, et al. (författare) Peanut sensitization during the first five years of life is associated with elevated levels of peanut-specific IgG 2012 Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 23:3, s. 224-229 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Allergen-specific IgE antibodies are implicated in allergic diseases while allergen-specific IgG antibodies have been proposed to prevent allergic reactions. The objective for this study was to study if the immune response (IgG and IgG4) to peanut differs in IgE sensitized and non-sensitized young children.Methods: A total of 239 children have been followed prospectively from birth to 5 years of age. Levels of IgG and IgG4 to peanut, Ara h 2 and Ara h 8 were analyzed at 2 and 5 years of age and related to IgE-sensitization and peanut consumption.Results: Levels of peanut-specific IgG and IgG4 were significantly higher in peanut-sensitized children at 2 and 5 years of age when compared to non-sensitized children and children sensitized to other food/inhalant allergens. A strong correlation was seen between levels of peanut-specific IgG/IgG4-ratios and peanut-specific IgE at 5 years of age. Children avoiding peanuts, a subgroup of the peanut sensitized, had statistically significant higher levels of IgE to peanut and a tendency of higher IgG and IgG4 levels to peanut. In the avoidance-group significant correlations between IgE and IgG/IgG4 to peanut was found compared to children eating peanuts. Conclusion: Peanut-specific IgG or IgG4 levels were elevated in peanut-sensitized children especially those avoiding peanuts. In our study, IgG and IgG4 do not seem to indicate tolerance or protection from sensitization.
30.	Tanash, Hanan, et al. (författare) Survival benefit of lung transplantation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in sweden. 2014 Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1552-6259 .- 0003-4975. ; 98:6, s. 1930-1935 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Lung transplantation (LTx) is a therapeutic option for patients with life-threatening chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is refractory to conventional therapies. The survival benefit of LTx for COPD is difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Swedish series of LTx performed to treat COPD and to identify differences in outcome between COPD related to severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and COPD with normal alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels.

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