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1.	Antonson, Hans, et al. (författare) Kulturhistoriska värden i ett förändrat klimat. Hot, risker och hanteringkopplat till vägar och banor 2021 Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract Klimatförändringar utgör en bred palett av risker för kulturmiljö och landskap,inklusive de kulturhistoriska lämningar som har en nära eller direkt kopplingtill transportinfrastruktur. I detta projekt tittade vi på ett antal av dessa riskeri syfte att hjälpa Trafikverket att utveckla tjänster för bättre förutsägelse ochhantering av riskerna i anslutning till vägar och banor. Forskningen inleddesgenom en översikt av befintliga offentliga publikationer om klimatförändringenshot, risker, metoder, anpassningsåtgärder och kulturmiljö. Detta följdesav en undersökning av upplevelsen av dessa frågor bland offentligt anställdaexperter som medverkar i planeringen. Geografiska informationssystem (GIS)användes för att identifiera kulturhistoriska lämningar som är klimatologisktriskutsatta sig i riskzonen för tre undersökningsområden, följt av fältbesökför att bedöma tillförlitligheten i GIS-resultaten. Analysen visade att en enkelGIS-analys kan vara till hjälp för att identifiera riskutsatta platser, men ocksåatt fältarbete kan medverka till att identifiera ytterligare risker men också problemmed noggrannheten i underliggande datamaterial. Projektet tillhandahållerockså grundläggande statistik om i vilken utsträckning olika typer avkulturhistoriska lämningar på nationell nivå riskerar att hotas enligt nuvarandeklimatförändringsmodeller. Projektet genomförde också fallstudier av 1) vägsaltetsrisker för milstolpar och andra arkeologiska företeelser i anslutning tillvägar, och 2) de historiska kartornas potential att användas för att identifierariskutsatta områden vid framtida klimatförändringar. Slutligen diskuteras konsekvensernaav dessa resultat för prioriteringar av klimatanpassningsaktivitetersamt presenterar förslag på metoder och modeller för att identifiera transportinfrastrukturenskulturmiljöer som är hotas av klimatförändringar.
2.	Hajdu, Flora, et al. (författare) Sveriges utsläpp måste minska nu, regeringen 2023 Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
3.	Ignatieva, Maria, et al. (författare) Pros and cons of transdisciplinary research: A case study of Swedish lawns and their sustainable alternatives 2020 Ingår i: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-8667 .- 1610-8167. ; 56 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article, we discuss the pros and cons of transdisciplinary research using the results of a research project on lawns carried out in Sweden from 2013 to 2016. We viewed lawns as a complex ecological and cultural phenomenon and searched for different sustainable lawn solutions in urban areas of Sweden.Constraints on the research included the time and effort required for team members to become familiar with the different research approaches, participate in regular meetings and agree on joint methodology. Later in the project, the integration, analysis and understanding of field data, theoretical sources and practical implementation approaches were also time-consuming obstacles. Thus, the initial and final phases of the project were extremely important and demanded a lot of time and effort. Especially challenging was the cross-use of different methodologies from natural and social sciences. Such ambitious multiscale and multitask projects dealing with living urban nature and people require at least five years to complete, rather than the three years typically suggested for classical research projects.The pros of the transdisciplinary approach was its ability to incorporate results of natural and social studies into landscape design, the ability to involve stakeholders in different project activities and to disseminate the research results in practice. This research revealed that lawns are a relatively recent phenomenon that is still expanding globally. The social study component showed that mowing and creating smooth, green lawn surfaces is important to stakeholders (lawn users, planners and managers). However, in Sweden, there is a tendency for local citizens to accept more biodiverse plant communities. Working closely with open-minded stakeholders led to the real implementation of lawn alternatives, which, in turn, increased media attention. The initial concept—that management was a central factor to the whole transdisciplinary project—was confirmed. The goal of this article is to share the unique experiences and lessons learned by researchers of conducting transdisciplinary research and to make such complex research more successful.
4.	Larsson, Margaretha, Lektor, et al. (författare) Individual parental conversations with non-birthing parents 2020 Ingår i: Primary Health Care Research and Development. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1463-4236 .- 1477-1128. ; 21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIM: The aim of this study was to describe Child Health Service (CHS) nurses' experiences with conducting individual parental conversations (IPCs) with non-birthing parents. BACKGROUND: CHS nurses in Sweden mainly focus on monitoring a child's physical and mental development and the mothers' health in order to support their parenthood. The assignment of the CHS includes identifying dysfunctional social relationships in a family and strengthening responsive parenting. An imbalance arises within the family when someone in the family suffers from illness, which could have a negative effect on the whole family's health and well-being. METHODS: An inductive, descriptive qualitative study design was used to describe and to gain an understanding of the CHS nurses' experiences. Data were collected in 13 interviews, and a qualitative content analysis was performed. FINDINGS: The analysis of interviews with CHS nurses resulted in two main categories, each with three subcategories. The main categories are: working for equality and applying a family focus, and dealing with challenges in the developing assignment. The IPCs stimulate the CHS nurses to work for more equality and to apply a family focus, which can be a way of strengthening the families' health and the children's upbringing. Developing the CHS nurses' assignment can be a challenge that appears to entail positive outcomes for CHS nurses, while also generating the need for CHS nurses to receive supervision to find ways to improve their approach and practice.
5.	Moberg, Christina, et al. (författare) De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten 2022 Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
6.	Stoor, Jon Petter A., et al. (författare) Hur mår samer i Sverige? : Resultat från en enkätundersökning om hälsa, livsvillkor och levnadsvanor bland samer 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I den här rapporten presenterar vi resultat från enkätundersökningen Samisk hälsapå lika villkor. Den genomfördes under våren 2021 och besvarades av 3 658 sameri åldern 18–84 år i Sverige. Syftet med rapporten är att översiktligt beskriva hälsa,livsvillkor och levnadsvanor bland samer. Resultaten har även jämförts medbefolkningen i övrigt genom data från den nationella folkhälsoenkäten Hälsa pålika villkor, också den genomförd under våren 2021.Resultaten i korthetDe flesta samer i den här studien, 73 procent, uppger att de har en god allmänhälsa. Nästan alla, 87 procent, har ett gott psykiskt välbefinnande. Totalt 41 procentav samerna uppger att de har en långvarig sjukdom eller funktionsnedsättning.Andelen som uppger att de röker dagligen är 4 procent, och andelen som snusar 23procent.Jämförelsen mellan samer och befolkningen i övrigt visar följande:• En lika stor andel samer som befolkningen i övrigt uppger en god allmänhälsa. Även andelen samer som uppger sjukdomar som högt blodtryck ochdiabetes eller psykiska besvär som ängslan, oro eller ångest är lika stor som ibefolkningen i övrigt.• En mindre andel samer än befolkningen i övrigt uppger sömnsvårigheter,trötthet och psykisk påfrestning. Det är också en mindre andel samer somuppger att de är stillasittande mer än tio timmar per dag, har en riskkonsumtionav alkohol, uppger att de röker dagligen eller att de någon gång har använtcannabis.• En mindre andel samer jämfört med befolkningen i övrigt uppger bra tandhälsaoch att de äter frukt och grönsaker minst en gång per dag.• En större andel samer än befolkningen i övrigt har ett gott psykisktvälbefinnande. Däremot uppger en större andel samer att de har en långvarigsjukdom eller funktionsnedsättning, värk i olika delar av kroppen, astma,allergi, övervikt och fetma. Även andelen samer som uppger att de snusardagligen är större än i befolkningen i övrigt.• En större andel samer än befolkningen i övrigt uppger att de någon gångallvarligt övervägt att ta sitt liv eller att de någon gång försökt att ta sitt liv.Vidare är det en större andel samer som uppger att de har haft svårt att klara delöpande utgifterna under de senaste 12 månaderna. Andelen samer som uppgeratt de någon gång under de senaste 3 månaderna blivit behandlade ellerbemötta så att de har känt sig kränkta är större än i befolkningen i övrigt.Vad gäller covid-19-pandemin, uppger en mindre andel samer än befolkningen iövrigt att de har testat positivt för covid-19. Däremot uppger en större andel sameratt de har varit oroliga för att de själva eller någon närstående ska bli allvarligt sjuk. 8Samers hälsa behöver fortsatt följasDen här kartläggningen är ett första viktigt steg för att följa hälsosituationen blandsamer i Sverige och är en av de mest omfattande enkätundersökningar som hargenomförts hittills. Studien bidrar till viktig kunskap om samers hälsa, livsvillkoroch levnadsvanor och kan ligga till grund både för fortsatt kunskapsutveckling ochutformning av hälsofrämjande och förebyggande insatser på lokal, regional ochnationell nivå. Det behövs även fortsatta och fördjupade analyser med särskiltfokus på olika grupper bland samer som kan ha sämre hälsa eller sämreförutsättningar för en god hälsa.
7.	Thacher, Jesse D., et al. (författare) Exposure to long-term source-specific transportation noise and incident breast cancer : A pooled study of eight Nordic cohorts 2023 Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 178 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Environmental noise is an important environmental exposure that can affect health. An association between transportation noise and breast cancer incidence has been suggested, although current evidence is limited. We investigated the pooled association between long-term exposure to transportation noise and breast cancer incidence.Methods: Pooled data from eight Nordic cohorts provided a study population of 111,492 women. Road, railway, and aircraft noise were modelled at residential addresses. Breast cancer incidence (all, estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and ER negative) was derived from cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox Proportional Hazards Models, adjusting main models for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables together with long-term exposure to air pollution.Results: A total of 93,859 women were included in the analyses, of whom 5,875 developed breast cancer. The median (5th–95th percentile) 5-year residential road traffic noise was 54.8 (40.0–67.8) dB Lden, and among those exposed, the median railway noise was 51.0 (41.2–65.8) dB Lden. We observed a pooled HR for breast cancer (95 % confidence interval (CI)) of 1.03 (0.99–1.06) per 10 dB increase in 5-year mean exposure to road traffic noise, and 1.03 (95 % CI: 0.96–1.11) for railway noise, after adjustment for lifestyle and sociodemographic covariates. HRs remained unchanged in analyses with further adjustment for PM2.5 and attenuated when adjusted for NO2 (HRs from 1.02 to 1.01), in analyses using the same sample. For aircraft noise, no association was observed. The associations did not vary by ER status for any noise source. In analyses using <60 dB as a cutoff, we found HRs of 1.08 (0.99–1.18) for road traffic and 1.19 (0.95–1.49) for railway noise.Conclusions: We found weak associations between road and railway noise and breast cancer risk. More high-quality prospective studies are needed, particularly among those exposed to railway and aircraft noise before conclusions regarding noise as a risk factor for breast cancer can be made.
8.	Östgren, Carl Johan, et al. (författare) Prevalence of atherosclerosis in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes compared to normoglycaemic individuals-a Swedish population-based study. 2023 Ingår i: Cardiovascular diabetology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1475-2840. ; 22:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of death and cardiovascular events and people with diabetes or prediabetes have been found to have increased atherosclerotic burden in the coronary and carotid arteries. This study will estimate the cross-sectional prevalence of atherosclerosis in the coronary and carotid arteries in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes, compared with normoglycaemic individuals in a large population-based cohort.The 30,154 study participants, 50-64years, were categorized according to their fasting glycaemic status or self-reported data as normoglycaemic, prediabetes, and previously undetected or known diabetes. Prevalence of affected coronary artery segments, severity of stenosis and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) were determined by coronary computed tomography angiography. Total atherosclerotic burden was assessed in the 11 clinically most relevant segments using the Segment Involvement Score and as the presence of any coronary atherosclerosis. The presence of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries was determined by ultrasound examination.Study participants with prediabetes (n=4804, 16.0%) or diabetes (n=2282, 7.6%) had greater coronary artery plaque burden, more coronary stenosis and higher CACS than normoglycaemic participants (all, p<0.01). Among male participants with diabetes 35.3% had CACS≥100 compared to 16.1% among normoglycaemic participants. For women, the corresponding figures were 8.9% vs 6.1%. The prevalence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries was higher in participants with previously undetected diabetes than prediabetes, but lower than in patients with known diabetes. The prevalence of any plaque in the carotid arteries was higher in participants with prediabetes or diabetes than in normoglycaemic participants.In this large population-based cohort of currently asymptomatic people, the atherosclerotic burden in the coronary and carotid arteries increased with increasing degree of dysglycaemia. The finding that the atherosclerotic burden in the coronary arteries in the undetected diabetes category was midway between the prediabetes category and patients with known diabetes may have implications for screening strategies and tailored prevention interventions for people with dysglycaemia in the future.
9.	Adolfsson, Karin, et al. (författare) Referral of patients with cancer to palliative care: Attitudes, practices and work-related experiences among Swedish physicians 2022 Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 31:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective This study aimed to explore the attitudes, practices and work-related experiences among Swedish physicians regarding the referral process, integration and transition between oncology care and palliative care (PC). Methods A cross-sectional online survey was performed with a study-specific questionnaire in 2016-2017 in south-eastern Sweden. Physicians working with cancer patients within surgical specialties, medical specialties and paediatric oncology participated. Results The vast majority of the 130 participating physicians (99.2%) stated that PC was beneficial for the patient and were positive about early integration of PC (65.5%). Still, only 27.6% of the participants introduced PC at an early stage of non-curable disease. However, paediatric oncologists had a very early introduction of PC in comparison with medical specialties (p = 0.004). Almost 90% of the study population said they wanted to know that the patient had been taken care of by another care facility. Conclusions Despite the physicians' positive attitude towards early integration and referral to PC, they often acted late in the disease trajectory. This late approach can reduce the patient's opportunity of improving quality of life during severe circumstances. There is a need for in-depth knowledge of the physicians' challenges in order to bridge the gap between intentions and actions.
10.	Ahmed, Fozia (författare) Estrogen and its receptors in adipose tissue from women and men : Associations with age, adiposity and type 2 diabetes 2024 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Obesity and its complications, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Adipose tissue is important for whole-body homeostasis, functioning as an energy storage reservoir and an endocrine organ. Estrogens mediate their effects through estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) and contribute to sex and menopause-related differences in body fat distribution. Moreover, estrogens can be produced from androgens in the adipose tissue by the enzyme aromatase. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of estrogen and estrogen signalling in human adipose tissue and their association with age, adiposity, and insulin resistance. In Paper I, we assessed ESR1 and ESR2 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from pre- and postmenopausal women, and investigated the effects of estradiol on adipocyte glucose uptake. We found that ESR2 gene expression was higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Moreover, in late, but not pre- or early postmenopausal women, estradiol incubation reduced basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, which corresponded to an increase in ESR2 gene expression levels. The inhibiting effect of estradiol on adipocyte glucose uptake was prevented using an ESR2 antagonist. Subsequently, in Paper II we assessed the role of ESR2 in SAT lipid and glucose metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation. ESR2 expression in SAT was inversely correlated with markers of central adiposity and positively correlated with markers of lipid accumulation. Moreover, ESR2 knockdown impaired subcutaneous preadipocyte differentiation and glucose utilization. In Paper III, we focused on adipocyte lipolysis in women, which is regulated, in part, by catecholamines. OCT3, which mediates catecholamine transport into adipocytes, where they can be degraded, was increased in SAT with age, and higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Moreover, its expression was negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance and ex vivo lipolysis. Estradiol incubation of SAT downregulated OCT3 gene expression, which may explain lower OCT3 gene expression in premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women. In Paper IV, we focused on the role of aromatase and estradiol in SAT from men. We found that aromatase expression was higher in SAT from men with obesity and T2D compared to subjects without obesity and T2D, respectively, and was positively associated with markers of central obesity and markers of insulin resistance. Contrastingly, ESR1 expression in SAT was lower in men with obesity and T2D compared to subjects without obesity and T2D, respectively, and negatively associated with markers of obesity and insulin resistance. ESR2 expression was higher in SAT from men with T2D compared to men without T2D. Estradiol reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, however, neither testosterone, nor aromatase inhibition, altered adipocyte glucose uptake. In this thesis, we found that estrogen has important metabolic effects in adipose tissue, including regulating lipid accumulation, glucose uptake capacity, and catecholamine transport. Overall, our findings suggest that estrogen and estrogen receptors may have an important role in age-, menopausal- and sex-dependent differences in body fat distribution, and may serve as potential targets for the prevention and treatment obesity and insulin resistance.
11.	Alvåsen, Karin, et al. (författare) Assessing short-term economic consequences of cow-calf contact systems in dairy production using a stochastic partial budgeting approach 2023 Ingår i: Frontiers in animal science. - 2673-6225. ; 4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction: While early separation of dairy calves after birth has been debated from an ethical and animal welfare lens, the economic evidence surrounding alternative cow-calf contact (CCC) systems is scarce.Methods: To address this knowledge gap, we assessed the economic consequences of CCC systems using data from the Agriwise database as well as parameters from published literature in a stochastic partial budget model. The implementation of CCC is very diverse between farms, so in our study we therefore selected a limited number of CCC systems to assess. The examined CCC systems were: (i) dam rearing with limited contact at milking (15 minutes twice a day for 115 days) with no manual milk feeding; (ii) dam rearing with 21-day full contact, after which calves are manually fed 8 kg of whole milk for 94 days; and (iii) mixed calf rearing with using both dams and foster cows with full contact; calves are initially kept with their dams and then moved to foster cows at 9 days of age.Results: We found that adoption of CCC systems was associated with decreases in contribution margins in the range of 1 to 5.4%, as compared to a rearing system where the calves were separated from their dams after one day and were manually fed 8 kg of milk for 12 weeks. These results illustrated that the costs associated with CCC systems may be fairly high under certain circumstances and may prohibit farmers from adopting this practice. Sensitivity analysis suggested that differences in milk sales, assumptions on changes in labor requirements, and changes in daily calf weight gain depending on CCC system were the main variables that governed the net impact on the contribution margins.Discussion: We did not include building costs in the analyses assuming that barn structures may not change in the short-term. The study focused only on short-term pecuniary associations between changes in CCC systems and contribution margins. To strengthen the economic decision-making around CCC systems, future research should consider non-monetary impacts of different CCC systems, as well as long-term economic impacts of these production strategies.
12.	Andersson, Daniel P., et al. (författare) Relation among hypertriglyceridaemia, cardiometabolic disease, and hereditary factors : design and rationale of the Stockholm hyperTRIglyceridaemia REGister study 2024 Ingår i: European Heart Journal Open. - : Oxford University Press. - 2752-4191. ; 4:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AimsHypertriglyceridaemia (hTG) is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, pancreatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in large population-based studies. The understanding of the impact of hereditary hTG and cardiometabolic disease status on the development of hTG and its associated cardiometabolic outcomes is more limited. We aimed to establish a multigenerational cohort to enable studies of the relationship between hTG, cardiometabolic disease and hereditary factors.Methods and resultsThe population-based observational Stockholm hyperTRIglyceridaemia REGister (STRIREG) study includes 1 460 184 index individuals who have measured plasma triglycerides in the clinical routine in Region Stockholm, Sweden, between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2021. The laboratory measurements also included basic haematology, blood lipid panel, liver function tests, and HbA1c. Using the Swedish Multi-Generation register, 2 147 635 parents and siblings to the indexes were identified to form the complete study cohort. Laboratory data from participants were combined with data from several national registers that provided information on the cause of death, medical diagnoses, dispensed medicines, and socioeconomic factors including country of birth, education level, and marital status.ConclusionThe multi-generational longitudinal STRIREG cohort provides a unique opportunity to investigate different aspects of hTG as well as heredity for other metabolic diseases. Important outcome measures include mortality, cardiovascular mortality, major cardiovascular events, development of incident diabetes, and NAFLD. The STRIREG study will provide a deeper understanding of the impact of hereditary factors and associated cardiometabolic complications.
13.	Antonson, Hans, et al. (författare) Effekter av vintervägsaltning på kulturmiljö. En pilotstudie av fornlämningskategorin milstolpe 2021 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract En semikvantitativ pilotstudie av 72 milstolpar (35 av kalksten och 37 av gjutjärn) i Södermanlands respektive Östergötlands län har genomförts med syftet att studera sambandet mellan vintervägsalt-ning och milstolparnas skador. Milstolparnas skador har klassats utifrån högupplösta fotografier, dess avstånd från vägen och framsidans väderstreck. Rapporten visar att vissa delar av milstolpen är mer skadade än andra och att en trolig orsak till detta för gjutjärnsstolparna är vintervägsalt. Sambandet är inte lika tydligt för kalkstensstolpar där studien uppmanar till fördjupade undersökningar. Den förenklade och relativt kostnadseffektiva semikvantitativa metodiken framtagen i denna pilotstudie har visat sig fungera och har potentialen att förfinas.
14.	Aspvall, K., et al. (författare) Effect of an Internet-Delivered Stepped-Care Program vs In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial 2021 Ingår i: Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 325:18, s. 1863-1873 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Key PointsQuestionIs internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) implemented in a stepped-care model noninferior to in-person CBT for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder? FindingsIn this randomized, noninferiority clinical trial, 152 children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder were treated with an internet-delivered CBT program followed by traditional in-person CBT if necessary vs in-person CBT alone. After 6 months, the mean Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale score was 11.57 in those treated with internet-delivered CBT vs 10.57 in those treated with in-person CBT, a difference that met the noninferiority criterion of 4 points. MeaningTreating children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder with an internet intervention followed by traditional face-to-face therapy if necessary was noninferior to in-person therapy alone. ImportanceIn most countries, young people with obsessive-compulsive disorder have limited access to specialist cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a first-line treatment. ObjectiveTo investigate whether internet-delivered CBT implemented in a stepped-care model is noninferior to in-person CBT for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Design, Setting and ParticipantsA randomized clinical noninferiority trial conducted at 2 specialist child and adolescent mental health clinics in Sweden. Participants included 152 individuals aged 8 to 17 years with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Enrollment began in October 2017 and ended in May 2019. Follow-up ended in April 2020. InterventionsParticipants randomized to the stepped-care group (n=74) received internet-delivered CBT for 16 weeks. Nonresponders at the 3-month follow-up were then offered a course of traditional face-to-face treatment. Participants randomized to the control group (n=78) immediately received in-person CBT for 16 weeks. Nonresponders at the 3-month follow-up received additional face-to-face treatment. Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the masked assessor-rated Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) score at the 6-month follow-up. The scale includes 10 items rated from 0(no symptoms) to 4(extreme symptoms), yielding a total score range of 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater severity. Assessors were masked to treatment allocation at pretreatment, posttreatment, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up assessments. The predefined noninferiority margin was 4 points on the CY-BOCS. ResultsAmong the 152 randomized participants (mean age, 13.4 years; 94 [62%] females), 151 (99%) completed the trial. At the 3-month follow-up, 34 participants (46%) in the stepped-care group and 23 (30%) in the in-person CBT group were nonresponders. At the 6-month follow-up, the CY-BOCS score was 11.57 points in the stepped-care group vs 10.57 points in the face-to-face treatment group, corresponding to an estimated mean difference of 0.91 points ([1-sided 97.5% CI, -infinity to 3.28]; P for noninferiority=.02). Increased anxiety (30%-36%) and depressive symptoms (20%-28%) were the most frequently reported adverse events in both groups. There were 2 unrelated serious adverse events (1 in each group). Conclusions and RelevanceAmong children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder, treatment with an internet-delivered CBT program followed by in-person CBT if necessary compared with in-person CBT alone resulted in a noninferior difference in symptoms at the 6-month follow-up. Further research is needed to understand the durability and generalizability of these findings. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03263546 This noninferiority trial compares the effects of an internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program followed by traditional in-person CBT if necessary vs in-person CBT alone on symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents.
15.	Assenhöj, Maria, et al. (författare) Protein interaction, monocyte toxicity and immunogenic properties of cerium oxide crystals with 5% or 14% gadolinium, cobalt oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles–an interdisciplinary approach 2021 Ingår i: Nanotoxicology. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1743-5390 .- 1743-5404. ; 15:8, s. 1035-1038 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in both consumer products and medical applications, but the knowledge regarding exposure-related health effects is limited. However, it is challenging to investigate nanoparticle interaction processes with biological systems. The overall aim of this project was to improve the possibility to predict exposure-related health effects of metal oxide nanoparticles through interdisciplinary collaboration by combining workflows from the pharmaceutical industry, nanomaterial sciences, and occupational medicine. Specific aims were to investigate nanoparticle-protein interactions and possible adverse immune reactions. Four different metal oxide nanoparticles; CeOx nanocrystals with 5% or 14% Gd, Co3O4, and Fe2O3, were characterized by dynamic light scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Nanoparticle-binding proteins were identified and screened for HLA-binding peptides in silico. Monocyte interaction with nanoparticle–protein complexes was assessed in vitro. Herein, for the first time, immunogenic properties of nanoparticle-binding proteins have been characterized. The present study indicates that especially Co3O4-protein complexes can induce both ‘danger signals’, verified by the production of inflammatory cytokines and simultaneously bind autologous proteins, which can be presented as immunogenic epitopes by MHC class II. The clinical relevance of these findings should be further evaluated to investigate the role of metal oxide nanoparticles in the development of autoimmune disease. The general workflow identified experimental difficulties, such as nanoparticle aggregate formation and a lack of protein-free buffers suitable for particle characterization, protein analyses, as well as for cell studies. This confirms the importance of future interdisciplinary collaborations. © 2021 The Author(s).
16.	Attelind, Sofia, et al. (författare) Genetic determinants of apixaban plasma levels and their relationship to bleeding and thromboembolic events 2022 Ingår i: Frontiers in Genetics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-8021. ; 13 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant, a factor Xa inhibitor, used for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Despite using recommended dosing a few patients might still experience bleeding or lack of efficacy that might be related to inappropriate drug exposure. We conducted a genome-wide association study using data from 1,325 participants in the pivotal phase three trial of apixaban with the aim to identify genetic factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of apixaban. A candidate gene analysis was also performed for pre-specified variants in ABCB1, ABCG2, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and SULT1A1, with a subsequent analysis of all available polymorphisms within the candidate genes. Significant findings were further evaluated to assess a potential association with clinical outcome such as bleeding or thromboembolic events. No variant was consistently associated with an altered apixaban exposure on a genome-wide level. The candidate gene analyses showed a statistically significant association with a well-known variant in the drug transporter gene ABCG2 (c.421G > T, rs2231142). Patients carrying this variant had a higher exposure to apixaban [area under the curve (AUC), beta = 151 (95% CI 59-243), p = 0.001]. On average, heterozygotes displayed a 5% increase of AUC and homozygotes a 17% increase of AUC, compared with homozygotes for the wild-type allele. Bleeding or thromboembolic events were not significantly associated with ABCG2 rs2231142. This large genome-wide study demonstrates that genetic variation in the drug transporter gene ABCG2 is associated with the pharmacokinetics of apixaban. However, the influence of this finding on drug exposure was small, and further studies are needed to better understand whether it is of relevance for ischemic and bleeding events.
17.	Backlund, Ellen, et al. (författare) Precision radiation of immune checkpoint therapy resistant melanoma metastases (PROMMEL study): study protocol for a phase II open-label multicenter trial. 2022 Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 61:7, s. 869-873 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
18.	Bark, Glenn, et al. (författare) Politikerna struntar i klimatforskningen : 420 forskare: Regeringens politik är katastrofal – nu måste fler svenskar kräva en omställning 2023 Ingår i: Aftonbladet Debatt. - 1103-9000. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract DEBATE. We researchers have long demanded that the government take climate research seriously and speed up the transition to a sustainable society.Instead, the government is pursuing a policy that deliberately increases emissions. Now more citizens need to raise their voices and show that we demand a knowledge-based climate transition, and it is urgent.
19.	Beeckman, Dimitri, Visiting Professor, 1982-, et al. (författare) Frånvaron av bevis inget bevis för frånvaro av samband 2020 Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
20.	Bergstrom, Charlotta, et al. (författare) Do young adults with cancer receive information about treatment- related impact on sex life? : Results from a population-based study 2023 Ingår i: Cancer Medicine. - : WILEY. - 2045-7634. ; 12:8, s. 9893-9901 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background Sexual dysfunction is common following a cancer diagnosis in young adulthood (18-39 years) and problems related to sex life are ranked among the core concerns in this age group. Yet, few studies have investigated to what extent adults younger than 40, receive information from healthcare providers about the potential impact of cancer and its treatment on their sex life.Methods A population-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted with 1010 young adults 1.5 years after being diagnosed with cancer (response rate 67%). Patients with breast, cervical, ovarian and testicular cancer, lymphoma, and brain tumors were identified in national quality registries. Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with receiving information were examined using multivariable binary logistic regression.Results Men to a higher extent than women reported having received information about potential cancer-related impact on their sex life (68% vs. 54%, p < 0.001). Receipt of information varied across diagnoses; in separate regression models, using lymphoma as reference, both women and men with brain tumors were less likely to receive information (women: OR 0.10, CI = 0.03-0.30; men: OR 0.37, CI = 0.16-0.85). More intensive treatment was associated with higher odds of receiving information in both women (OR 1.89; CI = 1.28-2.79) and men (OR 2.08; CI = 1.09-3.94). None of the sociodemographic factors were associated with receipt of information.Conclusions To improve sexual health communication to young adults with cancer, we recommend diagnosis-specific routines that clarify when in the disease trajectory to discuss these issues with patients and what to address in these conversations.
21.	Bilal, Ayesha, et al. (författare) Predicting perinatal health outcomes using smartphone-based digital phenotyping and machine learning in a prospective Swedish cohort (Mom2B) : study protocol 2022 Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 12:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction: Perinatal complications, such as perinatal depression and preterm birth, are major causes of morbidity and mortality for the mother and the child. Prediction of high risk can allow for early delivery of existing interventions for prevention. This ongoing study aims to use digital phenotyping data from the Mom2B smartphone application to develop models to predict women at high risk for mental and somatic complications.Methods and analysis: All Swedish-speaking women over 18 years, who are either pregnant or within 3 months postpartum are eligible to participate by downloading the Mom2B smartphone app. We aim to recruit at least 5000 participants with completed outcome measures. Throughout the pregnancy and within the first year postpartum, both active and passive data are collected via the app in an effort to establish a participant's digital phenotype. Active data collection consists of surveys related to participant background information, mental and physical health, lifestyle, and social circumstances, as well as voice recordings. Participants' general smartphone activity, geographical movement patterns, social media activity and cognitive patterns can be estimated through passive data collection from smartphone sensors and activity logs. The outcomes will be measured using surveys, such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and through linkage to national registers, from where information on registered clinical diagnoses and received care, including prescribed medication, can be obtained. Advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques will be applied to these multimodal data in order to develop accurate algorithms for the prediction of perinatal depression and preterm birth. In this way, earlier intervention may be possible.Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (dnr: 2019/01170, with amendments), and the project fully fulfils the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requirements. All participants provide consent to participate and can withdraw their participation at any time. Results from this project will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and presented in relevant conferences.
22.	Björklund, Anders, 1950-, et al. (författare) Social rörlighet och jämlikhet i möjligheter– en kommentar 2022 Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - Stockholm, Sverige : Nationalekonomiska föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; 50:5, s. 59-64 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Social rörlighet – eller rörlighet mellan generationer – är av stort intresse iden allmänna debatten och inom forskningen. Sociologer har länge studeratklassrörlighet mellan föräldrar ochbarn. Under de senaste decennierna harnationalekonomer bidragit till sådanforskning och särskilt med analyser avinkomströrlighet mellan generationer. Både sociologer och nationalekonomer har också studerat rörlighet i olikadimensioner av utbildning. Det finns därför en omfattande forskning om social eller intergenerationell rörlighet, som bör spridas till en bred publik. Två färska svenska exempel på rapporter somgår igenom forskning på området och vänder sig till en bredare publik är en bilaga till 2019 års Långtidsutredning, med titeln ”Utvecklingen av intergenerationell rörlighet i Sverige” (Brandénoch Nybom 2019) och en SNS-rapportmed titeln ”Social rörlighet” (Adermonm fl 2021a). Denna kommentar är motiverad av dessa rapporter.
23.	Björklund, Anders, 1950-, et al. (författare) Svar till Adermon, Lindahl och Palme 2022 Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 50:8, s. 84-85 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract I nummer 5 av årets Ekonomisk Debatt (Björklund m fl 2022) utgick vi fråntvå färska rapporter som för en bredare svensk publik presenterade ny forskning om social eller intergenerationell rörlighet. Vi tog tillfället i akt att diskutera hur vi ser på denna forskning och hur vi tycker forskningen bör utvecklas.Vårt inlägg vände sig både till aktiva forskare på området (inom olika discipliner) och till en bredare publik som intresserar sig för jämlikhetsfrågor.
24.	Björklund, Camilla, et al. (författare) Praktiknära skolforskning : resultat och erfarenheter från nio forskningsprojekt 2024. - 01 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
25.	Blomberg, Karin, 1970-, et al. (författare) Physical touch in nursing and nursing education – an integrative review 2020 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Physical touch is a basic need of all people, regardless of age or life situation. It can provide security, well-being and belonging. But negative perceived physical touch can generate emotions such as fear, vulnerability and perceived as violations. As a consequent of the #metoo movement in the fall of 2017, it’s a risk that physical contact and especially physical touch are avoided by professions where it’s central. For example, in the context of education, studies show that sports teachers in many countries have become more cautious and avoid having physical contact with students due not to being misinterpreted as negative touch (Fletcher, 2013; Öhman, 2016; Piper, Garratt & Taylor, 2013). In healthcare, caregivers who use physical touch in their work with disabled and elderly people have also become insecure and worried that they may be misunderstood (Bergstrand, 2018). A review shows that healthcare professionals see physical touch as part of the work but want to be the initiator of the contact, not that it should be initiated by the patients (Kelly et al. 2018).The use of physical touch in healthcare is also affected by the need to avoid contamination and widespread of infections agents, a question with extra relevance in the light of the Covid-19 pandemic.There is currently a lack of knowledge about how physical touch is experienced and used. As a first step is to increase the knowledge and understanding of how physical touch is experienced and used in healthcare by mapping studies explored physical touch both in daily care but also from the perspective of nursing students. With increased knowledge, a basis for developing interventions/teaching modules can be generated.
26.	Brorson, Lars-Olov, et al. (författare) Fifty years’ follow up of childhood epilepsy - medical and psycho-social outcomes 2020 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: To describe the long-term prognosis of childhood epilepsy in general, with special emphasis on seizure remission, relapse, medication, associated neurological impairment, mortality rate, cause of death, the experience of a childhood diagnosis of epilepsy and its consequences for the experiences of daily life.Methods: A prospective longitudinal study on a population-based total cohort of 195 children with epilepsy in 1962-1964. Data were collected from medical records, questionnaires and additional interviews were conducted. Results: Follow-up data from 94% of the initial cohort showed the best long-term prognosis for seizure freedom for children with no intellectual or neurological impairment. These children had later seizure onset, shorter total duration of epilepsy and, they were more often medication free. Generalized, rather than focal, epilepsy had a better outcome. Ninety per cent, with onset during the inclusion period 1962-1964, were seizure-free after 50 years. No one in this group died in SUDEP. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 2. 61. Death at young age was due to neurological impairment or epilepsy-related conditions whereas later deaths often followed non–epilepsy-related conditions. Few persons reported that the childhood diagnosis of epilepsy had affected their choice of education, work or leisure activities. However, 20% reported that the diagnosis had caused problems in school or at work and had restricted their activities of daily living. Almost all reported no anxiety (82%) and no depression (90%). The interviews revealed a good balance between ‘Controlling and managing the situation’ and ‘Not being restricted by the condition’.Conclusion: This 50-year, long-term, follow-up of a cohort of persons with childhood epilepsy in general demonstrates a better outcome for seizure freedom, relapses and minor consequences for education, work and leisure activities than earlier reported. Most of the participants had developed strategies to manage their situation.
27.	Carlsson, Linnea, et al. (författare) Breaking the mold : Reinterpreting industrial digital transformation and co-workership 2024 Ingår i: Abstract book WIL Conference 2024. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325692 ; , s. 14-14 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper builds on the need to reinterpret industrial digital transformation and co-workership with the starting point that introducing and implementing digital initiatives is a multifaceted challenge for the manufacturing industry. Hence, this paper addresses how co-workership in manufacturing can be reinterpreted when navigating organizational and technological aspects of industrial digital transformation. To answer this, co-workers at different organizational levels have participated in five focus groups with a total of 25 participants to reinterpret industrial digital transformation over time, collaboratively structuring what the endeavors might entail. The results show that participants are positive towards digital technologies but critical towards organizational changes. It is argued that this affects the four conceptual pairs of the co-workership wheel. Thus, this paper contributes a revised model for co-workership for industrial digital transformation that contributes to the needed technological and organizational innovation
28.	Carlsson, Linnea, et al. (författare) Taking Responsibility for Industrial Digitalization : Navigating Organizational Challenges 2022 Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:2, s. 866-866 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article, an employee perspective has been applied in aiming to explore how organizations face challenges and take responsibility for industrial digitalization, thus extending the research on the human-centric perspective in relation to Industry 4.0 technologies. To give emphasis to the human-centric perspective, the co-workership wheel was applied to identify and analyze data. The findings of an explorative longitudinal qualitative case study consisting of 35 in-depth interviews with informants from a manufacturing company were used. Additional data collection consisted of documents and project meetings. By applying a human-centric perspective, llessons learned from this case study show that taking responsibility for industrial digitalization is challenging and the importance of an adaptive organizational culture and a focus on learning and competence are crucial. We argue that the findings give useful implications for manufacturing organizations navigating the challenges of industrial digitalization to sense and seize the benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies.
29.	Cato, Karin, 1977-, et al. (författare) Breastfeeding as a balancing act - Pregnant Swedish women's voices on breastfeeding 2020 Ingår i: International Breastfeeding Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1746-4358. ; 15:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Breastfeeding provides health benefits to both women and children. The rationale behind an individual woman's decision to breastfeed or not can depend on several factors, either independently or in combination. The aim of the current study was to explore attitudes towards breastfeeding among pregnant women in Sweden who intend to breastfeed. Methods: Eleven mothers-to-be, one of whom had previous breastfeeding experience, participated in the study. The women were interviewed either by telephone or face-to-face during late pregnancy, with the aim of exploring their attitudes towards breastfeeding. A semi-structured interview-guide was used, and the transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The social ecological model of health is the theory-based framework underpinning this study. The model provides a comprehensive approach to understanding the factors that influence breastfeeding intention. Results: When interviewed during pregnancy, women described breastfeeding as a balancing act between societal norms and personal desires. The women perceived a societal pressure to breastfeed, however it was accompanied by boundaries and mixed messages. This perceived pressure was balanced by their own knowledge of breastfeeding, in particular their knowledge of other women's experience of breastfeeding. When envisioning their future breastfeeding, the women made uncertain and preliminary plans, and negotiated the benefits and drawbacks of breastfeeding. There was a wish for individual breastfeeding support and information. Conclusions: Pregnant Swedish women perceive their future breastfeeding as a balancing act between societal norms and personal desires. These findings suggest that while discussing breastfeeding during pregnancy, it could be of interest to collect information from pregnant women on their knowledge of breastfeeding and from where they have gained this knowledge, since stories from family and friends may make them question their own capacity to breastfeed. A thorough review of the woman's experiences and attitudes of breastfeeding is important in order to offer the best evidence-based breastfeeding support.
30.	Cediel Ulloa, Andrea, et al. (författare) Toxicity of stainless and mild steel particles generated from gas-metal arc welding in primary human small airway epithelial cells 2021 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Welding fumes induce lung toxicity and are carcinogenic to humans but the molecular mechanisms have yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of stainless and mild steel particles generated via gas-metal arc welding using primary human small airway epithelial cells (hSAEC) and ToxTracker reporter murine stem cells, which track activation of six cancer-related pathways. Metal content (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr) of the particles was relatively homogenous across particle size. The particles were not cytotoxic in reporter stem cells but stainless steel particles activated the Nrf2-dependent oxidative stress pathway. In hSAEC, both particle types induced time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, and stainless steel particles also increased generation of reactive oxygen species. The cellular metal content was higher for hSAEC compared to the reporter stem cells exposed to the same nominal dose. This was, in part, related to differences in particle agglomeration/sedimentation in the different cell media. Overall, our study showed differences in cytotoxicity and activation of cancer-related pathways between stainless and mild steel welding particles. Moreover, our data emphasizes the need for careful assessment of the cellular dose when comparing studies using different in vitro models.
31.	Chaplin, John Eric, et al. (författare) Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of ten paediatric PROMIS® item banks into Swedish 2020 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
32.	de Blanche, Andreas, 1975-, et al. (författare) Artificial and human aspects of Industry 4.0: an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda 2021 Ingår i: VILÄR. - 9789189325036 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The manufacturing industry is currently under extreme pressure to transform their organizations and competencies to reap the benefits of industry 4.0. The main driver for industry 4.0 is digitalization with disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things, digital platforms, etc. Industrial applications and research studies have shown promising results, but they rarely involve a human-centric perspective. Given this, we argue there is a lack of knowledge on how disruptive technologies take part in human decision-making and learning practices, and to what extent disruptive technologies may support both employees and organizations to “learn”. In recent research the importance and need of including a human-centric perspective in industry 4.0 is raised including a human learning and decision-making approach. Hence, disruptive technologies, by themselves, no longer consider to solve the actual problems.Considering the richness of this topic, we propose an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda to illuminate a human-centric perspective in Industry 4.0. This work-in-progress literature review aims to provide a research agenda on what and how application areas are covered in earlier research. Furthermore, the review identifies obstacles and opportunities that may affect manufacturing to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. As part of the research, several inter-disciplinary areas are identified, in which industrial work-integrated-learning should be considered to enhance the design, implementation, and use of Industry 4.0 technologies. In conclusion, this study proposes a research agenda aimed at furthering research on how industrial digitalization can approach human and artificial intelligence through industrial work-integrated-learning for a future digitalized manufacturing.
33.	Edvardsson, Anneli, et al. (författare) Quality assurance of hippocampal-sparing craniospinal proton plans for pediatric medulloblastoma 2023 Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 1879-0887. ; 182:Suppl 1, s. 1738-1740 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
34.	Edvardsson, Anneli, et al. (författare) Robustness and dosimetric verification of hippocampal-sparing craniospinal pencil beam scanning proton plans for pediatric medulloblastoma 2024 Ingår i: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 2405-6316. ; 29 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and PurposeHippocampal-sparing (HS) is a method that can potentially reduce late cognitive complications for pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) patients treated with craniospinal proton therapy (PT). The aim of this study was to investigate robustness and dosimetric plan verification of pencil beam scanning HS PT.Materials and MethodsHS and non-HS PT plans for the whole brain part of craniospinal treatment were created for 15 pediatric MB patients. A robust evaluation of the plans was performed. Plans were recalculated in a water phantom and measured field-by-field using an ion chamber detector at depths corresponding to the central part of hippocampi. All HS and non-HS fields were measured with the standard resolution of the detector and in addition 16 HS fields were measured with high resolution. Measured and planned dose distributions were compared using gamma evaluation.ResultsThe median mean hippocampus dose was reduced from 22.9 Gy (RBE) to 8.9 Gy (RBE), while keeping CTV V95% above 95 % for all nominal HS plans. HS plans were relatively robust regarding hippocampus mean dose, however, less robust regarding target coverage and maximum dose compared to non-HS plans. For standard resolution measurements, median pass rates were 99.7 % for HS and 99.5 % for non-HS plans (p < 0.001). For high-resolution measurements, median pass rates were 100 % in the hippocampus region and 98.2 % in the surrounding region.ConclusionsA substantial reduction of dose in the hippocampus region appeared feasible. Dosimetric accuracy of HS plans was comparable to non-HS plans and agreed well with planned dose distribution in the hippocampus region.
35.	Engberg, Alva Vilpi, et al. (författare) Prevalence of Dysphagia and Risk of Malnutrition in Elderly Living in Nursing Homes 2024 Ingår i: DYSPHAGIA. - 0179-051X .- 1432-0460. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Swallowing difficulties commonly co-occur with malnutrition in the elderly. However, there is no consensus on which assessment tools to use, and thus reported prevalence varies. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of dysphagia and risk of malnutrition in elderly people in nursing homes, evaluate the possible associations between swallowing function and malnutrition and survey whether there were associations between self-perceived function and the results of a screening of dysphagia. A total of 35 residents (aged 67-100 years old) without serious cognitive impairment in the general wards of two nursing homes in Gothenburg were investigated. Swallowing ability was assessed with the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) test, self-rated swallowing ability with the 4QT and the Swedish Eating Assessment Tool-10 (S-EAT-10) and risk of malnutrition with the Minimal Eating Observation and Nutrition Form-Version 2 (MEONF-II). Eleven participants (31.4%) exhibited dysphagia according to the GUSS and 10 participants (29.4%) showed moderate or high risk of malnutrition. In total 16 (46%) participants reported abnormal swallowing on 4QT and 14 (40%) participants reported abnormal swallowing on S-EAT-10. However, less than half of these had dysphagia according to the GUSS. No association was found between swallowing ability measured by the GUSS and risk of malnutrition, although a tendency towards a weak association was noted, or self-rated swallowing ability measured by the 4QT and S-EAT-10. The study found that approximately one-third of the tested participants presented with signs of dysphagia as measured with the screening instrument GUSS, even though only a few were known to have any difficulties prior to testing. This highlights that dysphagia is probably more prevalent than patients themselves and caregivers are aware of, thus, screening is of importance, to enable safer nutritional intake.
36.	Eriksson, Andreas, et al. (författare) Availability and mobilization of forest resources in Sweden 2024 Ingår i: European Journal of Forest Research. - 1612-4669 .- 1612-4677. ; 73, s. 703–712- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The available amount of wood supply is essential for national strategic planning and evaluation of forestry in Sweden. Since Sweden holds a large part of the forests in the European Union and plays a significant role in the global trade of wood-based products, a precise estimate of the potential of the Swedish forest resource is also important in regional and global outlook studies. In this study, we analyse factors influencing the availability and mobilization of wood supply. By comparing data from the Swedish National Forest Inventory with the stand registers of the five largest forest owners in Sweden, we estimate the productive forest area not included in the forest owners' stand databases. Our results show that 0.4 million hectares, or 5% of these large-scale forest owners productive forest area, is outside their stand registers and therefore neither included in their long-term harvesting plans nor in their nature conservation plans. For small-scale forest owners, we analyse the final felling rate during 2004-2020 using satellite imagery to estimate the proportion of properties that abstain from final fellings and thereby could affect the potential mobilization of wood supply. During this period, 32% of the forest properties owned by small-scale forest owners have not done any final felling. These forest estates hold in total 1.1 million hectares of productive forest land or 9% of the area owned by small-scale forest owners. This implies a gap between the potential and realistic estimates for Forest Available for Wood Supply.
37.	Eriksson, Anna-Karin (författare) Challenging 'Comfort Women' Discourse : Rethinking Intersections of Historical Justice and History Education 2021 Ingår i: Historical Justice and History Education. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030704117 - 9783030704124 ; , s. 177-194 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract As ‘comfort women’ are omitted from history textbooks, the Women’s Active Museum on War and Peace in Tokyo remains the only permanent educational venue about the ‘comfort system’ in Japan. Meanwhile, the influential Yasukuni Shrine with its adjacent Yūshūkan War Memorial Museum, also in Tokyo, continues to deny ‘comfort system’ history. While ‘comfort women’ discourse organises these two museums as competitors over history, this chapter scrutinises the claims that are made in each museum and concludes by suggesting that ‘comfort system’ history can co-exist with official mourning in one history if mourning is disentangled from bereavement, since bereavement, but not mourning, enables the ideological appropriation of the war-dead that forms the core of the militarism advocacy that denies ‘comfort system’ history.
38.	Eriksson, Anna-Karin, 1979- (författare) Global history or inter\|nationalist discourse!? : Unsettling the 'comfort women' issue 2022 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Survivors of the ‘comfort’ system, the state-sponsored regime of military sexual exploitation and a core institution in the expansion of the empire of Japan from 1932 to 1945, continue to go unrecognised almost 80 years past 1945 and 30 years after the breakthrough by human rights activists in 1991. That such a brutal regime of sexual exploitation remains unrecognised by the state is remarkable and merits attention. In this thesis, I suggest that the ‘comfort women’ issue remains stuck in a deadlock that freezes it in the inter-state framing of a status quo. As a result the comfort women, the survivors and supposed protagonists, are rendered as mere tiles in a series of inter-state conflicts between the State of Japan and its neighbours in Northeast Asia as one of the fiercest battlegrounds in this region’s ‘history wars’. My purpose in the thesis is to offer possibilities to rethink the comfort women issue beyond this deadlock. To this end, I (1) identify the dynamics that sustain and reify the deadlock (Paper 1 and Paper 2) and (2) unsettle these dynamics (Paper 3 and Paper 4).
39.	Eriksson, Anna-Karin, 1979- (författare) Japans tröstekvinnor 2023 Ingår i: Historiskan - Sveriges första kvinnohistoriska tidning. - Malmö : Historiskan. - 2002-150X. ; :1, s. 30-37 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
40.	Eriksson, Anna-Karin, 1979- (författare) Representing the 'Comfort Women' : Omissions and Denials in Wartime Historiographies in Japan 2023. - 1 Ingår i: Representing Gender-Based Violence. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783031134500 - 9783031134517 ; , s. 89-109 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract This chapter scrutinizes the rationales for omissions and denials of the ‘comfort women’ in wartime historiographies in Japan. By demonstrating how the contracting argument reduces the comfort women’s subjugation to regular business transactions to privatize the responsibility for the ‘comfort women’ system and how the controversial Yasukuni Shrine and its adjacent Yūshūkan War Memorial Museum contextualize the war as a product of Japan’s pre-war history of humiliation to reframe the comfort women issue as a question about resisting international subjugation, the chapter suggests that the contracting argument’s denial of gender violence and the Yasukuni and the Yūshūkan’s omission of the comfort women establish the nation-state at the survivors’ expense and that human rights activism involuntarily ends up serving the populists’ ends no matter which actions they undertake.
41.	Eriksson, Anna-Karin, 1979 (författare) Silencing speech and spoken silence in war memorialization in Japan 2023 Ingår i: The Politics of Silence, Voice and the In-Between: Exploring Gender, Race and Insecurity from the Margins. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9781003349945 ; , s. 77-91 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract War memorialisation juxtaposes femininities against masculinities and silence against speech. In Tokyo, these relations are articulated in feminist herstories and revisionist historiographies. In Okinawa, the only 1931–1945 battleground in Japan, everyday silences instead connect representations of death to the martial everyday life around the military bases, where war is present as an everyday reality rather than a past event. This chapter complicates the affective connections of femininities to silence and masculinities to speech by scrutinising the juxtaposition of some against other war-dead at the Himeyuri Peace Museum (in Okinawa); the Women’s Active Museum on War and Peace; and the controversial Yasukuni Shrine with its adjacent Yūshūkan War Memorial Museum (in Tokyo). It concludes by suggesting that the spoken silences in the museum exhibitions unsettle the three narratives’ silencing work by illuminating the impossibility of telling one coherent story about life and death in this context.
42.	Eriksson, Dennis, et al. (författare) Options to Reform the European Union Legislation on GMOs : Scope and Definitions 2020 Ingår i: Trends in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7799 .- 1879-3096. ; 38:3, s. 231-234 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract We discuss options to reform the EU genetically modified organisms (GMO) regulatory framework, make risk assessment and decision-making more consistent with scientific principles, and lay the groundwork for international coherence. The first in a threepart series, this article focuses on reform options related to the scope of the legislation and the GMO definition.
43.	Eriksson, Dennis, et al. (författare) Options to Reform the European Union Legislation on GMOs : Post-authorization and Beyond 2020 Ingår i: Trends in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7799 .- 1879-3096. ; 38:5, s. 465-467 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We discuss options to reform the EU genetically modified organism (GMO) regulatory framework, make risk assessment and decision-making more consistent with scientific principles, and lay the groundwork for international coherence. In this third of three articles, we focus on labeling and coexistence as well as discuss the political reality and potential ways forward.
44.	Eriksson, Dennis, et al. (författare) Options to Reform the European Union Legislation on GMOs : Risk Governance 2020 Ingår i: Trends in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7799 .- 1879-3096. ; 38:4, s. 349-351 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Here, we discuss options to reform the EU genetically modified organism (GMO) regulatory framework, to make risk assessment and decision-making more consistent with scientific principles, and to lay the groundwork for international coherence. We discussed the scope and definitions in a previous article and, thus, here we focus on the procedures for risk assessment and risk management.
45.	Eriksson, Hanna, et al. (författare) Strategies for keeping dairy cows and calves together - a cross-sectional survey study 2022 Ingår i: Animal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Although it is still most common to rear dairy calves separately from adult cattle, the interest in pro-longed contact between dairy calves and lactating cows during early life is increasing. Previous research has documented positive effects of cow-calf contact (CCC) on for example early calf growth and udder health of suckled cows, but also negative effects such as increased separation distress and reduced weight gains after weaning. The aim of this study was to use information from European farms with prolonged cow-calf contact to identify innovative solutions to common challenges for CCC farms. Commercial dairy farms that kept calves with adult lactating cows for seven days or more after birth were invited to participate, and interviews were performed with 104 farmers from six countries. During interviews, information about farm management, calf rearing, farmers' perception of animal health on their farm, and farmers' drivers and barriers for implementing CCC were collected. We found that CCC was practised in a large variety of housing and management systems, and that calves could be reared together with their dam, with foster cows, or using a combination of the two. The contact period varied considerably (7-305 days) between farms and about 25% of the farms manually milk fed the calves during parts of the milk feeding period. Daily contact time varied between farms, from 30 minutes per day to permanent contact except at milking. Behaviours indicative of separation distress, most commonly vocalisation in cows and calves, were reported by 87% of the farmers. Strategies to alleviate separation distress, for example simultaneous gradual weaning and separation, were used on some farms. Building constraints were most often mentioned as a barrier for implementing CCC. Our findings suggest that CCC is practised in a variety of commonly used husbandry systems. Reported challenges were primarily related to weaning and separation, and to building constraints; these aspects should be areas of future research.@2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Animal Consortium. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
46.	Eriksson, Ida, 1985- (författare) Dealing with damaged lysosomes : Impact of lysosomal membrane stability in health and disease 2022 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The lysosome is the main unit for degradation and plays important roles in various cellular processes, such as nutrient sensing, cholesterol regulation and cell death. Consequently, altered lysosomal function contributes to, or even causes, several diseases. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and release of lysosomal content to the cytosol can induce cell death, and is implicated in inflammation and neuronal decline in several neurodegenerative diseases. It has also emerged as a potential target in cancer therapy. Due to the detrimental effects of LMP, cells harbor several mechanisms to protect and prevent lysosomal membrane damage. The aim of this thesis was to elucidate how lysosomal membrane stability and repair mechanisms affect cell death and survival. We find that lysosomal cholesterol is upregulated in response to an increased load of reactive oxygen species in a Parkinson’s disease cell model, and that augmented cholesterol protects from LMP. However, cholesterol also induces accumulation of α-synuclein and inhibits lysosome-mediated degradation, which can destabilize the lysosomal membrane and accelerate the course of disease. Further, we demonstrate that lysosomal membrane damage is counteracted by a calcium-dependent repair mechanism to prevent LMP. Lysosomes damaged beyond repair are instead sequestered in an autophagosome and degraded by intact lysosomes in a process called lysophagy. As a result, small vesicles containing lysosomal membrane proteins are generated, which we believe are used to restore lysosomal function. We show that malignant cells are more sensitive to LMP, and that they differ in their activation of damage-response mechanisms compared to normal cells. Moreover, in malignant cells, the intracellular position of the lysosomes determines the susceptibility to lysosomal damage. Peripherally located lysosomes are less sensitive, and by relocating lysosomes to the perinuclear area in the cell, we can sensitize lysosomes to LMP induction. In summary, this thesis demonstrates the importance of damage-response mechanisms to protect from lysosomal membrane damage and maintain cellular function. It also indicates that targeting of lysosomal stability and repair is a potential therapeutic strategy in both neurodegenerative diseases and in cancer.
47.	Eriksson, Ida, et al. (författare) Lysosomal Function and Intracellular Position Determine the Malignant Phenotype in Melanoma 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 143:9, s. 1769- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Lysosomes are central in cell homeostasis and participate in macromolecular degradation, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration, and apoptosis. In cancer, alterations in lysosomal function and spatial distribution may facilitate disease progression. In this study, we show enhanced lysosomal activity in malignant melanoma cells compared with that in normal human melanocytes. Most lysosomes show perinuclear location in melanocytes, while they are more dispersed in melanoma, with retained proteolytic activity and low pH also in the peripheral population. Rab7a expression is lower in melanoma cells than in melanocytes, and by increasing Rab7a, lysosomes are relocated to the perinuclear region in melanoma. Exposure to the lysosome-destabilizing drug L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester causes higher damage in the perinuclear subset of lysosomes in melanomas, whereas differences in subpopulation susceptibility cannot be found in melanocytes. Interestingly, melanoma cells recruit the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III core protein CHMP4B, involved in lysosomal membrane repair, rather than initiate lysophagy. However, when the perinuclear lysosomal position is promoted by Rab7a overexpression or kinesore treatment, lysophagy is increased. In addition, Rab7a overexpression is accompanied by reduced migration capacity. Taken together, the study emphasizes that alterations in lysosomal properties facilitate the malignant phenotype and declares the targeting of lysosomal function as a future therapeutic approach.
48.	Eriksson, Ida, et al. (författare) Lysosomes in Cancer-At the Crossroad of Good and Evil 2024 Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI. - 2073-4409. ; 13:5 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Although it has been known for decades that lysosomes are central for degradation and recycling in the cell, their pivotal role as nutrient sensing signaling hubs has recently become of central interest. Since lysosomes are highly dynamic and in constant change regarding content and intracellular position, fusion/fission events allow communication between organelles in the cell, as well as cell-to-cell communication via exocytosis of lysosomal content and release of extracellular vesicles. Lysosomes also mediate different forms of regulated cell death by permeabilization of the lysosomal membrane and release of their content to the cytosol. In cancer cells, lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy are increased to support the increased metabolism and allow growth even under nutrient- and oxygen-poor conditions. Tumor cells also induce exocytosis of lysosomal content to the extracellular space to promote invasion and metastasis. However, due to the enhanced lysosomal function, cancer cells are often more susceptible to lysosomal membrane permeabilization, providing an alternative strategy to induce cell death. This review summarizes the current knowledge of cancer-associated alterations in lysosomal structure and function and illustrates how lysosomal exocytosis and release of extracellular vesicles affect disease progression. We focus on functional differences depending on lysosomal localization and the regulation of intracellular transport, and lastly provide insight how new therapeutic strategies can exploit the power of the lysosome and improve cancer treatment.
49.	Eriksson, Ida, et al. (författare) Real-Time Monitoring of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Using Acridine Orange 2023 Ingår i: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS. - : MDPI. - 2409-9279. ; 6:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Loss of lysosomal membrane integrity results in leakage of lysosomal hydrolases to the cytosol which might harm cell function and induce cell death. Destabilization of lysosomes often precede apoptotic or necrotic cell death and occur during both physiological and pathological conditions. The weak base acridine orange readily enters cells and accumulates in the acidic environment of lysosomes. Vital staining with acridine orange is a well-proven technique to observe lysosomal destabilization using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. These analyses are, however, time consuming and only adapted for discrete time points, which make them unsuitable for large-scale approaches. Therefore, we have developed a time-saving, high-throughput microplate reader-based method to follow destabilization of the lysosomal membrane in real-time using acridine orange. This protocol can easily be adopted for patient samples since the number of cells per sample is low and the time for analysis is short.
50.	Eriksson, Ida, et al. (författare) Restoration of lysosomal function after damage is accompanied by recycling of lysosomal membrane proteins 2020 Ingår i: Cell Death and Disease. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-4889. ; 11:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Lysosomes are central organelles for cellular degradation and energy homeostasis. In addition, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and subsequent release of lysosomal content to the cytosol can initiate programmed cell death. The extent of LMP and available repair mechanisms determine the cell fate after lysosomal damage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the premises for lysosomal membrane repair after LMP and found that lysosomal membrane damage initiated by l-leucyl-l-leucine methyl ester (LLOMe) caused caspase-dependent apoptosis in almost 50% of the cells, while the rest recovered. Immediately after LLOMe addition, lysosomal proteases were detected in the cytosol and the ESCRT-components ALIX and CHMP4B were recruited to the lysosomal membrane. Next, lysophagic clearance of damaged lysosomes was evident and a concentration-dependent translocation of several lysosomal membrane proteins, including LAMP2, to the cytosol was found. LAMP2 was present in small vesicles with the N-terminal protein chain facing the lumen of the vesicle. We conclude that lysophagic clearance of damaged lysosomes results in generation of lysosomal membrane protein complexes, which constitute small membrane enclosed units, possibly for recycling of lysosomal membrane proteins. These lysosomal membrane complexes enable an efficient regeneration of lysosomes to regain cell functionality.

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