↓ Direkt till sidans innehåll
↓ Direkt till sidans sekundära innehåll (sidomenyn)

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Eriksson Linnea) "

Search: WFRF:(Eriksson Linnea)

Result 1-50 of 130

Sort/group result

Sort by: Hits per page:

Enumeration	Reference	Cover	Find
1.	Fredriksson, Anna, et al. (author) An Interactive Visualization Tool for Collaborative Construction Logistics Planning—Creating a Sustainable Project Vicinity 2022 In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:24 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The intensity of urban development is presently high, creating a construction boom. The number of transports per project is a major consideration in urban goods transport and emissions from a project. Presently, the stakeholders take part in a “blame game” in assigning fault for the emissions from construction transport and the disturbances to society in the vicinity of construction sites. Incorporation of logistics into urban planning requires an increased understanding of the interaction between construction transport flows and urban land use, and the inclusion of different stakeholders. The purpose of the study is to support collaborative planning of construction transport in urban planning, and specifically to explore how a planning tool based on interactive visualization could be designed. An action research process has generated two prototypes of an interactive visualization tool for collaborative planning of construction transport. The prototype facilitates a “shared deliberation space” by identifying alternatives and assessing predicted consequences, which supports a collaborative urban planning process. Based on the research conducted, we claim that the responsibility of construction transport planning should be taken by the municipality, i.e., the urban planning and traffic planning functions. © 2022 by the authors.
2.	Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author) Störningsfri stad : slutrapport i projektet Visualiserad byggtrafikplanering för en störningsfri stadsutveckling 2022 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Störningsfri stad har kombinerat kunskaper inom Trafikplanering, Visualisering, Bygglogistik, Sensorer och Offentlig planering och styrning. Projektet har letts av Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för Teknik och Naturvetenskap och finansierats av Vinnova, IHS. Projektet har löpt mellan slutet av 2018 och 2021 ut. Projektdeltagare har varit VTI, RISE, Norrköpings kommun, Linköpings kommun, Stockholm stad, Uppsala kommun, Trafikverket Projekt Ostlänken, LE Lundbergs Fastigheter, Wiklunds Åkeri, Wellsec, SanktKors, Byggföretagen, Telenor och Logistikia.Projektet har utvecklat en verktygsprototyp som stöttar kollaborativ planering av byggtrafik och stadsplanering genom att visualisera pågående byggprojekts sammanlagda mängd transporter och var i staden (i form av en kartvy) det uppstår störningar i form av förseningar pga dessa. Verktyget bygger på en MATSim trafikmodell (i nuläget Norrköping) inkluderande både persontransporter (modellerat baserat på mobilnätsdata) och byggtrafik (modellerat baserat på data från bygglogistiklösningar). Med hjälp av verktyget kan olika scenarier för att minska störningarna av byggtransporter testas. För att stötta användandet av verktyget har en kollaborativ planeringsprocess som visar på hur de olika aktörerna involverade i planeringen av byggtransporter och stadsutveckling behöver interagera med varandra utvecklats. Projektet också deltagit i utvecklingen av en sensorbox (partiklar, luftfuktighet, temperatur och ljud) samt slangmätningsmetodik för att öka kunskapen om byggtransporter. Baserat på de resultat som projektet har behovsägarna har påbörjat arbeten med att bättre hantera de störningar som uppstår pga byggprojekt i staden.
3.	Jansson, Märit, et al. (author) Tillbaka till den hållbara staden : tankar från kursen Stadens utmaningar 2015 Reports (other academic/artistic)
4.	Adman, Per, et al. (author) 171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera” 2019 In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447. Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
5.	Aldi, Silvia, et al. (author) Dual roles of heparanase in human carotid plaque calcification 2019 In: Atherosclerosis. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 283, s. 127-136 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background and aims: Calcification is a hallmark of advanced atherosclerosis and an active process akin to bone remodeling. Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-beta-glucuronidase, which cleaves glycosaminoglycan chains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. The role of HPSE is controversial in osteogenesis and bone remodeling while it is unexplored in vascular calcification. Previously, we reported upregulation of HPSE in human carotid endarterectomies from symptomatic patients and showed correlation of HPSE expression with markers of inflammation and increased thrombogenicity. The present aim is to investigate HPSE expression in relation to genes associated with osteogenesis and osteolysis and the effect of elevated HPSE expression on calcification and osteolysis in vitro.Methods: Transcriptomic and immunohistochemical analyses were performed using the Biobank of Karolinska Endarterectomies (BiKE). In vitro calcification and osteolysis were analysed in human carotid smooth muscle cells overexpressing HPSE and bone marrow-derived osteoclasts from HPSE-transgenic mice respectively.Results: HPSE expression correlated primarily with genes coupled to osteoclast differentiation and function in human carotid atheromas. HPSE was expressed in osteoclast-like cells in atherosclerotic lesions, and HPSE-transgenic bone marrow-derived osteoclasts displayed a higher osteolytic activity compared to wild-type cells. Contrarily, human carotid SMCs with an elevated HPSE expression demonstrated markedly increased mineralization upon osteogenic differentiation.Conclusions: We suggest that HPSE may have dual functions in vascular calcification, depending on the stage of the disease and presence of inflammatory cells. While HPSE plausibly enhances mineralization and osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, it is associated with inflammation-induced osteoclast differentiation and activity in advanced atherosclerotic plaques.
6.	Alm, Jens, 1982-, et al. (author) Är barn en del av det planerande kollektivet : En studie om inkludering av barn i planering av kollektivtrafik 2023 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Syftet i denna rapport är att undersöka om och hur barn involveras i den regionala kollektivtrafikplaneringen. De vägledande frågorna för rapporten är följande:Hur har barnkonventionen påverkat arbetet i de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna?På vilka sätt och i vilka sammanhang inkluderas barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen?Vilka hinder och möjligheter finns för att involvera barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen?Projektet inleddes med en litteraturstudie för att kartlägga det rådande internationella och nationella kunskapsläget i frågan om barn i kollektivtrafikplanering och, eftersom studier på specifikt det ämnet var ytterligt få, i samhällsplanering i stort. I ett andra skede av projektet genomfördes dels e-postenkäter och studier av 21 trafikförsörjningsprogram och andra relevanta dokument, dels sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tjänstepersoner på sex olika regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter.Sammanfattningsvis illustrerar projektet att barnkonventionens implementering i den svenska lagstiftningen inte inneburit större förändringar hos svenska regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter i det korta perspektiv som vi studerat. Detta på grund av flertalet orsaker: bristande stöd och vägledning från nationella myndigheter, politiska mål för kollektivtrafiken som inte inkluderar barn, barnperspektiv i planeringen som inte utvecklas till att också inkludera barnen.Projektet har bidragit med ny kunskap om barns mobilitet i relation till kollektivtrafiken.En viktig slutsats är att skoltrafik och linjelagd trafik är tätt sammanbundna ur ett barnsmobilitetsperspektiv och att planeringen av dessa därför också bör vara sammankoppladeför att ett barnrättsperspektiv i kollektivtrafiken på allvar ska kunna uppnås. Detta kräverkommunal och regional samordning, inte bara av trafikplaneringen, utan ocksåsamhällsplanering, så att barnens målpunkter kan vara försörjda av kollektivtrafik,särskild eller linjelagd.
7.	Andersson, Linus, 1979-, et al. (author) Neurocognitive processes underlying heuristic and normative probability judgments 2020 In: Cognition. - : ELSEVIER. - 0010-0277 .- 1873-7838. ; 196, s. 1-7 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Judging two events in combination (A&B) as more probable than one of the events (A) is known as a conjunction fallacy. According to dual-process explanations of human judgment and decision making, the fallacy is due to the application of a heuristic, associative cognitive process. Avoiding the fallacy has been suggested to require the recruitment of a separate process that can apply normative rules. We investigated these assumptions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during conjunction tasks. Judgments, whether correct or not, engaged a network of brain regions identical to that engaged during similarity judgments. Avoidance of the conjunction fallacy additionally, and uniquely, involved a fronto-parietal network previously linked to supervisory, analytic control processes. The results lend credibility to the idea that incorrect probability judgments are the result of a representativeness heuristic that requires additional neurocognitive resources to avoid.
8.	Andersson, Martin, et al. (author) Early life swimming pool exposure and asthma onset in children : a case-control study 2018 In: Environmental Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-069X. ; 17 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Trichloramine exposure in indoor swimming pools has been suggested to cause asthma in children. We aimed to investigate the risk of asthma onset among children in relation to individual trichloramine exposure.METHODS: A longitudinal nested case-control study of 337 children with asthma (cases) and 633 controls aged 16-17 years was performed within a population-based cohort from The Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden studies (OLIN). Year of asthma onset and exposure time at different ages were obtained in telephone interviews. Trichloramine concentrations in the pool buildings were measured. Skin prick test results for inhalant allergens were available from previous examinations of the cohort. The risk for asthma was analyzed in relation to the cumulative trichloramine exposure before onset of asthma.RESULTS: Swimming pool exposure in early life was associated with a significantly higher risk of pre-school asthma onset. A dose-response relationship between swimming pool exposure and asthma was indicated in children with asthma onset at 1 year of age. Children who were both sensitized and exposed had a particularly high risk.CONCLUSIONS: Early life exposure to chlorinated swimming pool environments was associated with pre-school asthma onset.
9.	Andersson, Martin, et al. (author) Swimming pool attendance is related to asthma among atopic school children : a population-based study 2015 In: Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-069X. ; 14:14 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: By-products of water disinfectants have been suggested to cause asthma, especially in atopic children. However, studies on indoor swimming pool attendance and asthma in children have presented conflicting results. The present study examined the relationship between indoor swimming pool attendance and asthma among sensitized and non-sensitized children aged 11-12 years.Methods: An extended ISAAC questionnaire was sent to the families of all children attending fifth or sixth grade, aged 11-12 years, in two municipalities in Northern Sweden in 2010. A total of 1866 participated (96% of those invited) in the questionnaire study and 1652 (89%) also participated in skin prick testing for 10 standard airborne allergens. Asthma was defined as physician-diagnosed asthma in combination with wheeze or use of asthma medication in the last 12 months. Current swimming pool attendance was reported as >= 1/week or <1/week. Logistic regression models were used for data analysis.Results: The prevalence of current asthma was 8.9% (10.0% of boys; 7.9% of girls) and 14% had attended indoor pools >= 1/week. Children currently attending swimming pools >= 1/week had an increased risk of current asthma. Stratified analyses for allergic sensitization adjusted for sex, parental smoking, parental asthma, and damp housing, showed a statistically significant association for current asthma only among sensitized subjects (OR 95% CI 1.90 1.09-3.32). No association was found between current pool attendance and wheeze, sensitization, rhinitis or eczema.Conclusions: The present study supports the proposed link between indoor swimming pool attendance and asthma in sensitized children.
10.	Appelgren, Linnea, et al. (author) Dental plaque pH and ureolytic activity in children and adults of a low caries population 2014 In: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 72:3, s. 194-201 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plaque pH level and ureolytic activity among children and adults of Karen Hill tribes. Methods. Thirty-four children aged 6-10 years and 46 adults aged 20-38 years were interviewed regarding oral hygiene practices, sucrose intake and betel chewing. Caries experience (DMFT and DT), calculus, bleeding on probing (BoP) and Plaque index (PlI) were registered. Ureolytic activity in supragingival plaque was tested at two interproximal sites (11/12 and 41/42) with the rapid urease test (RUT). Registration of plaque pH was performed at two interproximal sites (15/ 16 and 31/41) before, during and 30 min after rinsing with an urea solution (0.25%). Four interproximal plaque samples (one from each quadrant) per individual were collected to test the bacterial composition using the checkerboard technique. Results. Children and adults had similarly low DMFT and DT values. Children had a higher baseline pH and a higher ureolytic activity in the maxilla (p < 0.05) compared with adults. A significant correlation (r(2) = 0.63) was found between baseline pH and urease activity in the mandibular anterior teeth. Caries-free individuals had a higher baseline pH compared with caries active individuals in the anterior mandibular region (p < 0.01). The microbiological composition was characterized by an anaerobic low acidiogenic microbiota. Conclusions. Dental plaque pH is related to the ureolytic activity, which explains the low acidogenic plaque microflora and the low caries levels in the Karen population.
11.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Decrease in prevalence of COPD in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking 2018 In: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52 Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract Background: The smoking prevalence in Sweden has steadily decreased during three decades. The prevalence of COPD in Sweden in the 1990s and around the millennium shift was similar to neighboring European countries, i.e. estimated at 11-17%, and of moderate to severe COPD to 7-11%, in ages over 40y.Aim: Has the prevalence of chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and of COPD in Sweden decreased after decades of decreasing smoking prevalence?Methods: Within two large scale population studies in progress, the West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS) and the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies (OLIN), the prevalence of COPD in ages 41-72y was calculated among randomly selected subjects from the general population in 2009-2012. The following post-bronchodilator definitions were used; CAO: FEV1/FVCResults: The prevalence of CAO based on the FEV1/FVCConclusion: As prevalence of COPD defined as chronic airway obstruction before and around the millennium shift was estimated at 11-17% in ages >40 years, the prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the decrease in smoking over decades is probably the main causal factor.
12.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Decreased COPD prevalence in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking 2020 In: Respiratory Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1465-9921 .- 1465-993X. ; 21 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundCOPD has increased in prevalence worldwide over several decades until the first decade after the millennium shift. Evidence from a few recent population studies indicate that the prevalence may be levelling or even decreasing in some areas in Europe. Since the 1970s, a substantial and ongoing decrease in smoking prevalence has been observed in several European countries including Sweden. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors for COPD in the Swedish general population. A further aim was to estimate the prevalence trend of COPD in Northern Sweden from 1994 to 2009.MethodsTwo large random population samples were invited to spirometry with bronchodilator testing and structured interviews in 2009–2012, one in south-western and one in northern Sweden, n = 1839 participants in total. The results from northern Sweden were compared to a study performed 15 years earlier in the same area and age-span. The diagnosis of COPD required both chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and the presence of respiratory symptoms, in line with the GOLD documents since 2017. CAO was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70, with sensitivity analyses based on the FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal (LLN) criterion.ResultsBased on the fixed ratio definition, the prevalence of COPD was 7.0% (men 8.3%; women 5.8%) in 2009–2012. The prevalence of moderate to severe (GOLD ≥ 2) COPD was 3.5%. The LLN based results were about 30% lower. Smoking, occupational exposures, and older age were risk factors for COPD, whereof smoking was the most dominating risk factor. In northern Sweden the prevalence of COPD, particularly moderate to severe COPD, decreased significantly from 1994 to 2009, and the decrease followed a decrease in smoking.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was particularly low. The decrease follows a major decrease in smoking prevalence over several decades, but smoking remained the dominating risk factor for COPD.
13.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Decreased prevalence of moderate to severe COPD over 15 years in northern Sweden 2016 In: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 114, s. 103-110 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: The burden of COPD in terms of mortality, morbidity, costs and prevalence has increased worldwide. Recent results on prevalence in Western Europe are conflicting. In Sweden smoking prevalence has steadily decreased over the past 30 years. Aim: The aim was to study changes in prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD in the same area and within the same age-span 15 years apart. Material and methods: Two population-based cross-sectional samples in ages 23-72 years participating at examinations in 1994 and 2009, respectively, were compared in terms of COPD prevalence, severity and risk factor patterns. Two different definitions of COPD were used; FEV1/FVC < LLN and FEV1/FVC < 0.7. The severity of COPD was assessed by FEV1, both as % of predicted and in relation to the LLN. Results: The prevalence of COPD decreased significantly from 9.5% to 6.3% (p = 0.030) according to the FEV1/FVC < LLN criterion, while the decrease based on the FEV1/FVC < 0.7 criterion from 10.5% to 8.5% was non-significant. The prevalence of moderate to severe COPD decreased substantially and significantly, and the risk factor pattern was altered in 2009 when, beside age and smoking, also socioeconomic status based on occupation was significantly associated with COPD. Conclusions: Changes in both prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD were observed between surveys. Following a continuing decrease in smoking habits over several decades, a decrease in the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was observed from 1994 to 2009 in northern Sweden.
14.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Decreased prevalence of moderate to severe COPD over 15 years in northern Sweden Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Background: The burden of COPD in terms of mortality, morbidity, costs and prevalence has increased worldwide. Recent results on prevalence in Western Europe are conflicting. In Sweden smoking prevalence has steadily decreased over the past 30 years. Aim: The aim was to study changes in prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD in the same area and within the same age-span 15 years apart.Material and methods: Two population-based cross-sectional samples in ages 23-72 years participating at examinations in 1994 and 2009, respectively, were compared in terms of COPD prevalence, severity and risk factor patterns. Two different definitions of COPD were used; FEV1/FVC1/FVC<0.7. The severity of COPD was assessed by FEV1, both as % of predicted and in relation to the LLN.Results: The prevalence of COPD decreased significantly from 9.5% to 6.3% (p=0.030) according to the FEV1/FVC1/FVC<0.7 criterion from 10.5% to 8.5% was non-significant. The prevalence of moderate to severe COPD decreased substantially and significantly, and the risk factor pattern was altered in 2009 when, beside age and smoking, also socio-economic status based on occupation was significantly associated with COPD. Conclusions: Changes in both prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD were observed between surveys. Following a continuing decrease in smoking habits over several decades, a decrease in the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was observed from 1994 to 2009 in northern Sweden.
15.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Lung function trajectories and associated mortality among adults with and without airway obstruction 2023 In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 208:10, s. 1063-1074 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Rationale: Spirometry is essential for diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in COPD.Objectives: To identify FEV1 trajectories and their determinants, based on annual spirometry measurements among individuals with and without airway obstruction. Furthermore, to assess mortality in relation to trajectories.Methods: In 2002-04, individuals with airway obstruction (AO) (FEV1/VC<0.70, n=993) and age- and sex-matched non-obstructive (NO) referents were recruited from population-based cohorts. Annual spirometries until 2014 were utilized in joint-survival Latent Class Mixed Models to identify lung function trajectories. Mortality data were collected during 15 years of follow-up.Results: Three trajectories were identified among the AO-cases and two among the NO referents. Trajectory membership was driven by baseline FEV1%predicted (%pred) in both groups and additionaly, pack-years in AO and current smoking in NO. Longitudinal FEV1%pred level depended on baseline FEV1%pred, pack-years and obesity. The trajectories were distributed: 79.6% T1AO FEV1-high with normal decline, 12.8% T2AO FEV1-high with rapid decline, and 7.7% T3AO FEV1-low with normal decline (mean 27, 72 and 26 mL/year) among AO-individuals, and 96.7% T1NO FEV1-high with normal decline and 3.3% T2NO FEV1-high with rapid decline (mean 34 and 173 mL/year) among referents. Hazard for death was increased for T2AO (HR1.56) and T3AO (HR3.45) vs. T1AO, and for T2NO (HR2.99) vs. T1NO.Conclusions: Three different FEV1 trajectories were identified among those with airway obstruction and two among the referents, with different outcomes in terms of FEV1-decline and mortality. The FEV1 trajectories among airway obstructive and the relationship between low FVC and trajectory outcome are of particular clinical interest.
16.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Restrictive spirometric pattern in the general adult population: Methods of defining the condition and consequences on prevalence 2016 In: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 120, s. 116-123 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Attempts have been made to use dynamic spirometry to define restrictive lung function, but the definition of a restrictive spirometric pattern (RSP) varies between studies such as BOLD and NHANES. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of RSP among adults in northern Sweden based on different definitions. Methods In 2008–2009 a general population sample aged 21–86y within the obstructive lung disease in northern Sweden (OLIN) studies was examined by structured interview and spirometry, and 726 subjects participated (71% of invited). The prevalence of RSP was calculated according to three different definitions based on pre-as well as post-bronchodilator spirometry: 1) FVC<80% & FEV1/FVC>0.7 2) FVC<80% & FEV1/FVC>LLN 3) FVCLLN Results The three definitions yielded RSP prevalence estimates of 10.5%, 11.2% and 9.4% respectively, when based on pre-bronchodilator values. The prevalence was lower when based on post-bronchodilator values, i.e. 7.3%, 7.9% and 6.6%. According to definition 1 and 2, the RSP prevalence increased by age, but not according to definition 3. The overlap between the definitions was substantial. When corrected for confounding factors, manual work in industry and diabetes with obesity were independently associated with an increased risk for RSP regardless of definition. Conclusions The prevalence of RSP was 7–11%. The prevalence estimates differed more depending on the choice of pre- compared to post-bronchodilator values than on the choice of RSP definition. RSP was, regardless of definition, independently associated with manual work in industry and diabetes with obesity. © 2016 The Authors
17.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Severe asthma : A population study perspective 2019 In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 49:6, s. 819-828 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundSevere asthma is a considerable challenge for patients, health care professionals and society. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of severe asthma according to modern definitions of which none based on a population study.ObjectiveTo describe characteristics and estimate the prevalence of severe asthma in a large adult population‐based asthma cohort followed for 10‐28 years.MethodsN=1006 subjects with asthma participated in a follow‐up during 2012‐14, when 830 (mean age 59y, 56% women) still had current asthma. Severe asthma was defined according to three internationally well‐known criteria: the ATS workshop definition from 2000 used in the US Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP), the 2014 ATS/ERS Task force definition and the GINA 2017. All subjects with severe asthma according to any of these criteria were undergoing respiratory specialist care, and were also contacted by telephone to verify treatment adherence.ResultsThe prevalence of severe asthma according to the three definitions was 3.6% (US SARP), 4.8% (ERS/ATS Taskforce), and 6.1% (GINA) among subjects with current asthma. Although all were using high ICS doses and other maintenance treatment, >40% had uncontrolled asthma according to the asthma control test. Severe asthma was related to age >50 years, nasal polyposis, impaired lung function, sensitization to aspergillus, and tended to be more common in women. Further, neutrophils in blood significantly discriminated severe asthma from other asthma.Conclusions and clinical relevanceSevere asthma differed significantly from other asthma in terms of demographic, clinical and inflammatory characteristics, results suggesting possibilities for improved treatment regimens of severe asthma. The prevalence of severe asthma in this asthma cohort was 4‐6%, corresponding to approximately 0.5% of the general population.
18.	Backman, Helena, et al. (author) Severe asthma among adults : Prevalence and clinical characteristics 2018 In: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52 Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract Background: Severe asthma is a considerable challenge for patients, health care professionals and society. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of severe asthma according to modern definitions of which none based on a population study.Methods: We estimated the prevalence and studied characteristics of severe asthma in a large adult population-based asthma cohort followed for 10-28 years in northern Sweden: 1006 subjects participated in a follow-up during 2012-14, when 830 (82.5%) still had current asthma (mean age 59y, 32-92y, 56% women). Severe asthma was defined according to three internationally well-known criteria: the US SARP, ATS/ERS and GINA. All subjects with severe asthma were undergoing respiratory specialist care, and were also contacted by telephone to verify adherence to treatment.Results: The prevalence of severe asthma according to the three definitions was 3.6% (US SARP), 4.8% (ERS/ATS), and 6.1% (GINA) among subjects with current asthma. Although all were using high ICS doses and other maintenance treatment, >40% had uncontrolled asthma and <10% had controlled asthma according to the ACT. Severe asthma was related to age >50 years, nasal polyposis, decreased FEV1, not fully reversible airway obstruction, sensitization to aspergillus, elevated neutrophils and partly to eosinophils, and tended to be more common in women.Conclusion: The prevalence of severe asthma in this asthma cohort was 4-6%, corresponding to approximately 0.5% of the population in northern Sweden. A substantial proportion of those with severe asthma had uncontrolled disease, and severe asthma differed significantly from other asthma in terms of both clinical and inflammatory characteristics.
19.	Balfors, Berit, Professor, 1958-, et al. (author) Strategisk miljöbedömning för nationell transportplanering med fokus på inriktningsunderlaget 2019 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Denna rapport utgör ett inspel till Trafikverket i en analys om hur strategisk miljöbedömning kan användas i den statliga transportplaneringens tidiga skeden med fokus på inriktningsunderlaget. Rapporten är framtaget inom projektet ”TRAMP- Är långsiktig transportplanering och miljöbedömning kompatibla processer?” som är ett forsknings- och innovationsprojekt (FoI), finansierat av Trafikverket under perioden 2017 - 2019. Deltagande forskare i projektet är Berit Balfors och Ulrika Gunnarsson-Östling, KTH, Kristina Lundberg och Tobias Robinson, Ecoloop, Karolina Isaksson och Linnea Eriksson, VTI.FoI-projektet har planerats för att successivt leverera användbart underlag till Trafikverket. Föreliggande rapport är ett underlag inför Trafikverkets arbete med att ta fram ett inriktningsunderlag.
20.	Bark, Glenn, et al. (author) Politikerna struntar i klimatforskningen : 420 forskare: Regeringens politik är katastrofal – nu måste fler svenskar kräva en omställning 2023 In: Aftonbladet Debatt. - 1103-9000. Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract DEBATE. We researchers have long demanded that the government take climate research seriously and speed up the transition to a sustainable society.Instead, the government is pursuing a policy that deliberately increases emissions. Now more citizens need to raise their voices and show that we demand a knowledge-based climate transition, and it is urgent.
21.	Bauters, Marijn, et al. (author) Contrasting nitrogen fluxes in African tropical forests of the Congo Basin 2019 In: Ecological Monographs. - : Wiley. - 0012-9615 .- 1557-7015. ; 89:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The observation of high losses of bioavailable nitrogen (N) and N richness in tropical forests is paradoxical with an apparent lack of N input. Hence, the current concept asserts that biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) must be a major N input for tropical forests. However, well-characterized N cycles are rare and geographically biased; organic N compounds are often neglected and soil gross N cycling is not well quantified. We conducted comprehensive N input and output measurements in four tropical forest types of the Congo Basin with contrasting biotic (mycorrhizal association) and abiotic (lowland–highland) environments. In 12 standardized setups, we monitored N deposition, throughfall, litterfall, leaching, and export during one hydrological year and completed this empirical N budget with nitrous oxide (N2O) flux measurement campaigns in both wet and dry season and insitu gross soil N transformations using 15N-tracing and numerical modeling. We found that all forests showed a very tight soil N cycle, with gross mineralization to immobilization ratios (M/I) close to 1 and relatively low gross nitrification to mineralization ratios (N/M). This was in line with the observation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) dominating N losses for the most abundant, arbuscular mycorrhizal associated, lowland forest type, but in contrast with high losses of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in all other forest types. Altogether, our observations show that different forest types in central Africa exhibit N fluxes of contrasting magnitudes and N-species composition. In contrast to many Neotropical forests, our estimated N budgets of central African forests are imbalanced by a higher N input than output, with organic N contributing significantly to the input-output balance. This suggests that important other losses that are unaccounted for (e.g., NOx and N2 as well as particulate N) might play a major role in the N cycle of mature African tropical forests.
22.	Berg, Jessica, 1975-, et al. (author) Nya mobilitetstjänster för socialt hållbar och rättvis tillgänglighet : Möjliga lösningar i stad och landsbygd 2022 Reports (other academic/artistic)
23.	Berg, Lotta, et al. (author) The Welfare Quality® assessment protocol: how can it be adapted to family farming dual purpose cattle raised under extensive systems in tropical conditions? 2017 In: Animal Welfare. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0962-7286 .- 2054-1538. ; 26, s. 177-184 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Family farming is still the main source of income for many people in the tropical regions of the world. At the same time, modern society is quickly becoming more aware of the welfare of animals for human consumption. The main objective of this study was to illustrate the need to modify certain aspects of the original Welfare Quality (R) ( WQ) protocols developed by the EU-funded WQ project, under the conditions of small community farmers in the tropics. Thirty-four dual purpose farms in the State of Chiapas, Mexico, which had their main production focus on milk but for whom beef production was also of significant value, were evaluated utilising a merged version of the WQ protocols for dairy and beef cattle. Based on their average score, the farms obtained at least an acceptable level in each indicator of welfare. However, after merging indicators from the dairy and beef cattle protocols of WQ in order to adjust it to the prevailing conditions in the tropics, a number of sections are not applicable. This is particularly true of the section related to good housing, where most of the items do not apply due to the absence of infrastructure; the farms obtained a very high score in this section but further studies to verify whether this reflects an accurate assessment of the welfare status should be carried out. In general, the approach of the WQ protocol was useful, however certain aspects are quite different from the conventional intensive farming systems predominantly used in Europe and there is a need to implement a number of modifications.
24.	Broberg, Anders G, 1950, et al. (author) Stöd till barn som bevittnat våld mot mamma - Resultat från en nationell utvärdering 2011 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Barn som bevittnar våld mot en förälder som de är beroende av för sitt välbefinnande utsätts för en form av våld. Barn behöver – i synnerhet under den tidiga barndomen – föräldrar som prioriterar barnets behov framför sina egna. När barnets ena förälder – eller någon annan som bor med familjen – slår eller förgriper sig på den andra föräldern blir barnet känslomässigt övergivet och skyddslöst. Barn kan bevittna våld mot en primär omsorgsgivare under kortare eller längre peri-oder i sitt liv, men ofta innebär det ett liv begränsat av olika typer av makt, övergrepp och förtryck. Sådana upplevelser medför en ökad risk för att barnet utvecklar problem såsom posttraumatisk stress, depression, beteendeproblem och problem med sociala relationer – både inom familjen och med kamrater. Sedan 2007 är socialtjänstens ansvar, för att barn som bevittnat våld får det stöd och den hjälp de behöver, förtydligat i Socialtjänstlagen. Det viktigaste stödet för barn som bevittnat våld mot sin mamma är skydd från fortsatt utsatthet. Internationellt sett är den vanligaste formen av stöd till barn, utöver sådant skydd, samtal i grupp. Det finns dock stora skillnader mellan vilka mål programmen är tänkta att uppnå, vilket medför att utvärderingsstudier använder varierande mått för att bedöma vad som är ett ”lyckat utfall”. Detta försvårar i sin tur jämförelser av utvärde-ringar av dessa program. I Sverige är den vanligaste typen av insats fortfarande indivi-duella samtal, även om gruppverksamheter för barn har blivit vanligare de senaste 10 åren. Kunskapen om effekterna av de metoder som utvecklats inom och utom social-tjänsten för att stödja barn som bevittnat våld mot mamma är fortfarande begränsad internationellt och i Sverige är den i stort sett obefintlig. Göteborgs universitet fick 2008 i uppdrag av Socialstyrelsen att utvärdera effekten av insatser riktade till barn som bevittnat våld mot sin mamma. Syftet med utvärderingen var att studera förändringar i barns hälsa och välbefinnande efter stödinsatser, med ut-gångspunkt i mammors och barns beskrivningar.
25.	Broberg, Anders G, 1950, et al. (author) Stöd till barn som upplevt våld mot mamma : Preliminära resultat från en nationell utvärdering 2011 Reports (other academic/artistic)
26.	Bruno, Linnéa, 1975-, et al. (author) Conversations about violence, risk and responsibility with divorced and support-seeking fathers in Sweden 2023 In: Child & Family Social Work. - : Wiley. - 1356-7500 .- 1365-2206. ; 28:3, s. 764-773 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse approaches to issues of risk, responsibility and representations of violence in women social workers' conversations with alleged or confirmed violent fathers. The study adds to a growing body of research on agencies' handling of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the context of separation. Empirically, the study draws from 12 structured, audio recorded and transcribed interviews with support-seeking and divorced fathers, from five municipalities in Sweden, conducted as part of a cooperation project in which a risk-detection method (Family Law Detection Of Overall Risk Screen [FL-DOORS]) was also tested. The results suggest a tension between different professional tasks. To validate information on IPV, detect risk and enhance a child perspective competes with other professional projects, most obviously with promoting cooperation between parents. The study confirms previous research, which demonstrates unique challenges facing women social workers and counsellors when working with men as perpetrators. In conclusion, the paper concurs with the call for a focus on responsibility and on safe parenting in professional conversations with allegedly or confirmed abusive fathers.
27.	Bruno, Linnéa, 1975- (author) Ofridstid : Fäders våld, staten och den separerande familjen 2016 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract The present thesis explores intersectional and institutional conditions for counteracting domestic violence in the Swedish welfare state. Empirically, the study focuses on professional discourses and practices concerning fathers’ violence against mothers and children in the context of separation, in three domains of practice: 1) Children’s education; 2) Disputes concerning custody, contact and residence; and 3) Welfare benefits such as financial aid. Theoretically, the study draws on feminist political theory and sociology, childhood studies and critical race studies. The empirical material consists of court orders and interviews with staff and victimised mothers. Two main social processes that undermine implementation of children’s rights are identified and discussed: Familialisation and selective repression. The thesis is based on four articles:Article I, (Skolan, familjerätten och barnen) School, family law and children exposed to violence, explores how staff at school and preschool understands their professional task, when in encounters with children in difficulties due to family law proceedings. The results suggest that two competing perspectives shape staff understandings of risks, solutions and violence. When arguing from the child’s rights’ perspective, the staff prioritises children’s safety and participation, while an upbringing perspective tends to construct violence mainly as a problem of order, with disquieting implications for vulnerable children.Article II, (Pedagoger i det sociala uppdragets gränstrakter: Att hantera familjerättsliga processer, hot och våld)Pedagogues in the borderland of their social task: Dealing with family law proceedings, threats and violence, investigates strategies used by preschool and school staff, when encountering gendered conflicts and violence between parents. How do the staff cope with their own and children’s vulnerability? An analytical model of six types of proactive and reactive strategies, ranging from keeping distance to normalisation of own vulnerability, is utilised in the analysis and discussed in relation to organisational and professional circumstances and intersecting social relations of inequality.Article III, Contact and evaluations of violence: An intersectional analysis of Swedish court orders, examines obstacles to implementation of children’s rights in contested parental contact cases in which there are indications of violence. The analysis shows that the contact presumption is strong, and generally overrides protection. This norm applies even where there are convictions or explicit reports of child abuse or domestic violence. In cases with ‘non-Nordic’ fathers however, the contact presumption is less likely to override protection than in cases with ‘Nordic’ fathers.Article IV, Financial oppression and post-separation child positions in Sweden, deals with post-separation child positions in two domains of practice in the Swedish welfare state: Welfare benefits such as financial aid, and child contact. The area of concern is financial oppression in the context of parental separation. Findings suggest that financial abuse in the context of parental separation is a non-question in the domain of welfare benefits, and in the domain of child contact framed as a conflict between equal parties. The age order as a form of domination may be reinforced by the practice of both domains.
28.	Carlsson, Linnea, et al. (author) Breaking the mold : Reinterpreting industrial digital transformation and co-workership 2024 In: Abstract book WIL Conference 2024. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325692 ; , s. 14-14 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper builds on the need to reinterpret industrial digital transformation and co-workership with the starting point that introducing and implementing digital initiatives is a multifaceted challenge for the manufacturing industry. Hence, this paper addresses how co-workership in manufacturing can be reinterpreted when navigating organizational and technological aspects of industrial digital transformation. To answer this, co-workers at different organizational levels have participated in five focus groups with a total of 25 participants to reinterpret industrial digital transformation over time, collaboratively structuring what the endeavors might entail. The results show that participants are positive towards digital technologies but critical towards organizational changes. It is argued that this affects the four conceptual pairs of the co-workership wheel. Thus, this paper contributes a revised model for co-workership for industrial digital transformation that contributes to the needed technological and organizational innovation
29.	Carlsson, Linnea, et al. (author) Taking Responsibility for Industrial Digitalization : Navigating Organizational Challenges 2022 In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:2, s. 866-866 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this article, an employee perspective has been applied in aiming to explore how organizations face challenges and take responsibility for industrial digitalization, thus extending the research on the human-centric perspective in relation to Industry 4.0 technologies. To give emphasis to the human-centric perspective, the co-workership wheel was applied to identify and analyze data. The findings of an explorative longitudinal qualitative case study consisting of 35 in-depth interviews with informants from a manufacturing company were used. Additional data collection consisted of documents and project meetings. By applying a human-centric perspective, llessons learned from this case study show that taking responsibility for industrial digitalization is challenging and the importance of an adaptive organizational culture and a focus on learning and competence are crucial. We argue that the findings give useful implications for manufacturing organizations navigating the challenges of industrial digitalization to sense and seize the benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies.
30.	Chang, Ya-Ting, et al. (author) Perlecan heparan sulfate deficiency impairs pulmonary vascular development and attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension 2015 In: Cardiovascular Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0008-6363 .- 1755-3245. ; 107:1, s. 20-31 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aims Excessive vascular cell proliferation is an important component of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Perlecan is the major heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan in the vascular extracellular matrix. It binds growth factors, including FGF2, and either restricts or promotes cell proliferation. In this study, we have explored the effects of perlecan HS deficiency on pulmonary vascular development and in hypoxia-induced PH. Methods and results In normoxia, Hspg2(Delta 3/Delta 3) mice, deficient in perlecan HS, had reduced pericytes and muscularization of intra-acinar vessels. Pulmonary angiography revealed a peripheral perfusion defect. Despite these abnormalities, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and myocardial mass remained normal. After 4 weeks of hypoxia, increases in the proportion of muscularized vessels, RVSP, and right ventricular hypertrophy were significantly less in Hspg2(Delta 3/Delta 3) compared with wild type. The early phase of hypoxia induced a significantly lower increase in fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1) protein level and receptor phosphorylation, and reduced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation in Hspg2(Delta 3/Delta 3). At 4 weeks, FGF2 mRNA and protein were also significantly reduced in Hspg2(Delta 3/Delta 3) lungs. Ligand and carbohydrate engagement assay showed that perlecan HS is required for HS-FGF2-FGFR1 ternary complex formation. In vitro, proliferation assays showed that PASMC proliferation is reduced by selective FGFR1 inhibition. PASMC adhesion to fibronectin was higher in Hspg2(Delta 3/Delta 3) compared with wild type. Conclusions Perlecan HS chains are important for normal vascular arborization and recruitment of pericytes to pulmonary vessels. Perlecan HS deficiency also attenuates hypoxia-induced PH, where the underlying mechanisms involve impaired FGF2/FGFR1 interaction, inhibition of PASMC growth, and altered cell-matrix interactions.
31.	de Blanche, Andreas, 1975-, et al. (author) Artificial and human aspects of Industry 4.0: an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda 2021 In: VILÄR. - 9789189325036 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract The manufacturing industry is currently under extreme pressure to transform their organizations and competencies to reap the benefits of industry 4.0. The main driver for industry 4.0 is digitalization with disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things, digital platforms, etc. Industrial applications and research studies have shown promising results, but they rarely involve a human-centric perspective. Given this, we argue there is a lack of knowledge on how disruptive technologies take part in human decision-making and learning practices, and to what extent disruptive technologies may support both employees and organizations to “learn”. In recent research the importance and need of including a human-centric perspective in industry 4.0 is raised including a human learning and decision-making approach. Hence, disruptive technologies, by themselves, no longer consider to solve the actual problems.Considering the richness of this topic, we propose an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda to illuminate a human-centric perspective in Industry 4.0. This work-in-progress literature review aims to provide a research agenda on what and how application areas are covered in earlier research. Furthermore, the review identifies obstacles and opportunities that may affect manufacturing to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. As part of the research, several inter-disciplinary areas are identified, in which industrial work-integrated-learning should be considered to enhance the design, implementation, and use of Industry 4.0 technologies. In conclusion, this study proposes a research agenda aimed at furthering research on how industrial digitalization can approach human and artificial intelligence through industrial work-integrated-learning for a future digitalized manufacturing.
32.	Durkin, Kirill, et al. (author) Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles: Comparing the Powertrain Efficiency and Sustainability of Fuel Cell versus Internal Combustion Engine Cars 2024 In: Energies. - 1996-1073 .- 1996-1073. ; 17:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Due to the large quantities of carbon emissions generated by the transportation sector, cleaner automotive technologies are needed aiming at a green energy transition. In this scenario, hydrogen is pointed out as a promising fuel that can be employed as the fuel of either a fuel cell or an internal combustion engine vehicle. Therefore, in this work, we propose the design and modeling of a fuel cell versus an internal combustion engine passenger car for a driving cycle. The simulation was carried out using the quasistatic simulation toolbox tool in Simulink considering the main powertrain components for each vehicle. Furthermore, a brief analysis of the carbon emissions associated with the hydrogen production method is addressed to assess the clean potential of hydrogen-powered vehicles compared to conventional fossil fuel-fueled cars. The resulting analysis has shown that the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is almost twice as efficient compared to internal combustion engines, resulting in a lower fuel consumption of 1.05 kg-H2/100 km in the WLTP driving cycle for the fuel cell vehicle, while the combustion vehicle consumed about 1.79 kg-H2/100 km. Regarding using different hydrogen colors to fuel the vehicle, hydrogen-powered vehicles fueled with blue and grey hydrogen presented higher carbon emissions compared to petrol-powered vehicles reaching up to 2–3 times higher in the case of grey hydrogen. Thus, green hydrogen is needed as fuel to keep carbon emissions lower than conventional petrol-powered vehicles.
33.	Ekman, Linnéa, et al. (author) Evaluation of small nerve fiber dysfunction in type 2 diabetes 2020 In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 141:1, s. 38-46 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives: To assess potential correlations between intraepidermal nerve fiber densities (IENFD), graded with light microscopy, and clinical measures of peripheral neuropathy in elderly male subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), respectively. Materials and methods: IENFD was assessed in thin sections of skin biopsies from distal leg in 86 men (71-77 years); 24 NGT, 15 IGT, and 47 T2DM. Biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, and intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENF) were quantified manually by light microscopy. IENFD was compared between groups with different glucose tolerance and related to neurophysiological tests, including nerve conduction study (NCS; sural and peroneal nerve), quantitative sensory testing (QST), and clinical examination (Total Neuropathy Score; Neuropathy Symptom Score and Neuropathy Disability Score). Results: Absent IENF was seen in subjects with T2DM (n = 10; 21%) and IGT (n = 1; 7%) but not in NGT. IENFD correlated weakly negatively with HbA1c (r = −.268, P =.013) and Total Neuropathy Score (r = −.219, P =.042). Positive correlations were found between IENFD and sural nerve amplitude (r =.371, P =.001) as well as conduction velocity of both the sural (r =.241, P =.029) and peroneal nerve (r =.258, P =.018). Proportions of abnormal sural nerve amplitude became significantly higher with decreasing IENFD. No correlation was found with QST. Inter-rater reliability of IENFD assessment was good (ICC = 0.887). Conclusions: Signs of neuropathy are becoming more prevalent with decreasing IENFD. IENFD can be meaningfully evaluated in thin histopathological sections using the presented technique to detect neuropathy.
34.	Engström, Jens, et al. (author) Buoy geometry and its inﬂuence on survivability for apoint absorbing wave energy converter : Scaleexperiment and CFD simulations 2017 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract For wave energy to be an economically viable energysource, the technology has to withstand power levelsduring storms that can be close to 50 times higher thanduring normal operating conditions, and withstandmany years of wear. The impact of high wave loads isstudied not only within the ﬁeld of wave energy, buthas long been a subject of study for ships, platformsand other oﬀshore structures.To model the force on the device under extreme and/orovertopping waves is a difficult task. Experiments areexpensive and difficult to implement, and numerical meth-ods are either very computationally demanding CFD-methods, or less accurate approximative methods. Inaddition, the performance and experienced forces during extreme waves are model dependent, and differentoffshore structures must be studied independently.Here, a 1:20 scale model of the Uppsala Universitypoint-absorber type wave energy converter (WEC) has been tested in extreme wave conditions at the COASTLaboratory Ocean Basin at Plymouth University. The WEC consists of a linear generator connected to a buoyat the sea surface, and performance of two differentbuoys is studied: a cylinder and cylinder with moon-pool. Two types of wave sets have been used: focusedwaves embedded into regular waves, and irregular waves. The focus of this paperis on comparing the performance of the two buoys, and on analysing the experimental data using a numerical model. A fully non-linear computational ﬂuid dynamics(CFD) model based on OpenFOAM is presented and validated.
35.	Eriksson, Berne, et al. (author) Only severe COPD is associated with being underweight: Results from a population survey 2016 In: ERS Monograph. - Sheffield : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-508X. ; 2:3 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Low body mass index (BMI) and malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with a poor prognosis. The prevalence of underweight, as well as overweight, in severity grades of COPD is sparsely investigated in studies of the general population and the associated patterns of risk factors are not well established. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between severity grades of airflow limitation in COPD, and both underweight and obesity when corrected for possible confounding factors. The study is based on pooled data from the OLIN (Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden) studies. Complete records with lung function, BMI and structured interview data were available from 3942 subjects (50.7% women and 49.3% men). COPD and severity grading were defined using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. In sensitivity analyses, the lower limit of normal was used. The prevalence of underweight was 7.3% in severe COPD (grades 3 and 4) versus 2.0% in those with normal spirometry. The prevalence of obesity increased from 9.7% in grade 1, to 16.3% in grade 2 and 20.0% in severe COPD, versus 17.7% in those with normal spirometry. In adjusted analysis, of the COPD severity grades, only severe COPD was associated with underweight (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.0004–10.5), while the COPD severity grades tended to be inversely associated with overweight. © ERS 2016.
36.	Eriksson, Eva Linnéa (author) On anti-diabetic agents and the vasculature 2014 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide, and the number of patients suffering from diabetes is projected to rise with 50 % over the next 25 years, then affecting almost 600 million adults. Type 2 diabetes comprises 90-95 % of all people with diabetes, and they constitute a patient group that carries a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Patients with type 2 diabetes suffer a 2-4 times higher risk for myocardial infarction and stroke than healthy persons. In addition to this, diabetic patients have an increased atherosclerotic burden. Endothelial dysfunction is thought to be an early and important predictor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, and in people with type 2 diabetes endothelial dysfunction is a common finding. Also, diabetic patients have an increased risk of restenosis and late stent thrombosis upon surgical intervention to treat atherosclerosis, complications that are related to a defective re-growth of the endothelial cells. The relationship between hyperglycemia and macrovascular complications is still uncertain, at least in terms of the possibility of reducing cardiovascular events solely by improving glycemic control. The importance of finding other strategies to improve cardiovascular outcome in type 2 diabetes patients has consequently emerged. My aim with this thesis has therefore been to investigate how agents used for type 2 diabetes management directly affect the vasculature under normal and simulated diabetic conditions. We studied the effect of antidiabetic agents on endothelial cell viability, regeneration and apoptosis in three in vitro studies. We found that a number of agents could induce proliferation under normal and hyperglycemic conditions, and protect endothelial cells from free fatty acid-induced apoptosis. We studied two antihyperglycemic agents’, metformin and exendin-4, lipoprotective effects in more detail. We found that exendin-4 and metformin protected endothelial cells against lipoapoptosis by modulating pro-apoptotic kinases. Exendin-4 and metformin were also able to activate intracellular survival pathways and to improve endothelial nitric oxide synthase dysfunction. In our last study, we investigated the effect of exendin-4 on endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in vivo by using a rat model of vascular injury, where the endothelium is denuded in the carotid artery; we found that exendin-4 selectively targeted the smooth muscle cells and decreased the injury-induced intimal hyperplasia. Treatment with exendin-4 did not affect the re-growth of the endothelial cells, but on the other hand improved arterial wall elasticity, suggesting that the re-grown endothelial cells were better functioning in exendin-4-treated animals. In conclusion, we show that drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes exert direct positive effects on the vasculature. This might be of clinical benefit for patients suffering from diabetes by limiting the adverse consequences of the macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes, as dysfunction of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells is believed to contribute to premature development of atherosclerosis. Our findings might also be of therapeutic benefit for diabetic patients undergoing revascularization to treat atherosclerosis, since restenosis and late stent thrombosis are overrepresented and serious complications among these patients.
37.	Eriksson, Göran, et al. (author) A new approach to assess COPD by identifying lung function break-points. 2015 In: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1178-2005. ; 10, s. 2193-2202 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract COPD is a progressive disease, which can take different routes, leading to great heterogeneity. The aim of the post-hoc analysis reported here was to perform continuous analyses of advanced lung function measurements, using linear and nonlinear regressions.
38.	Eriksson, Göran, et al. (author) A new maximal bicycle test using a prediction algorithm developed from four large COPD studies 2020 In: European clinical respiratory journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2001-8525. ; 7:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Maximum exercise workload (WMAX) is today assessed as the first part of Cardiopulmonary Exercise testing. The WMAX test exposes patients with COPD, often having cardiovascular comorbidity, to risks. Our research project was initiated with the final aim to eliminate the WMAX test and replace this test with a predicted value of WMAX, based on a prediction algorithm of WMAX derived from multicentre studies. Methods: Baseline data (WMAX, demography, lung function parameters) from 850 COPD patients from four multicentre studies were collected and standardized. A prediction algorithm was prepared using Random Forest modelling. Predicted values of WMAX were used in a new WMAX test, which used a linear increase in order to reach the predicted WMAX within 8 min. The new WMAX test was compared with the standard stepwise WMAX test in a pilot study including 15 patients with mild/moderate COPD. Results: The best prediction algorithm of WMAX included age, sex, height, weight, and six lung function parameters. FEV1 and DLCO were the most important predictors. The new WMAX test had a better correlation (R2 = 0.84) between predicted and measured WMAX than the standard WMAX test (R2 = 0.66), with slopes of 0.50 and 0.46, respectively. The results from the new WMAX test and the standard WMAX test correlated well. Conclusion: A prediction algorithm based on data from four large multicentre studies was used in a new WMAX test. The prediction algorithm provided reliable values of predicted WMAX. In comparison with the standard WMAX test, the new WMAX test provided similar overall results.
39.	Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al. (author) Beyond lean production practices and Industry 4.0 technologies toward the human-centric Industry 5.0 2024 In: Technological Sustainability. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2754-1312 .- 2754-1320. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Purpose Both technological and human-centric perspectives need to be acknowledged when combining lean production practices and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. This study aims to explore and explain how lean production practices and I4.0 technologies may coexist to enhance the human-centric perspective of manufacturing operations in the era of Industry 5.0 (I5.0).Design/methodology/approach The research approach is an explorative and longitudinal case study. The qualitative data collection encompasses respondents from different job functions and organizational levels to cover the entire organization. In total, 18 interviews with 19 interviewees and five focus groups with a total of 25 participants are included.Findings Identified challenges bring forth that manufacturing organizations must have the ability to see beyond lean production philosophy and I4.0 to meet the demand for a human-centric perspective in socially sustainable manufacturing in the era of Industry 5.0. Practical implications The study suggests that while lean production practices and I4.0 practices may be considered separately, they need to be integrated as complementary approaches. This underscores the complexity of managing simultaneous organizational changes and new digital initiatives.Social implications The research presented illuminates the elusive phenomena comprising the combined aspects of a human-centric perspective, specifically bringing forth implications for the co-existence of lean production practices and I4.0 technologies, in the transformation towards I5.0.Originality/value The study contributes to new avenues of research within the field of socially sustainable manufacturing. The study provides an in-depth analysis of the human-centric perspective when transforming organizations towards Industry 5.0.
40.	Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al. (author) Exploring Socially Sustainable, Smart Manufacturing : Building Bridges Over Troubled Waters 2024 In: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. - : Springer. - 2195-4356 .- 2195-4364. - 9783031381645 - 9783031381652 ; , s. 833-841 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Contemporary manufacturing organizations formulate strategies towards smart manufacturing. However, strategies often merely regard technological improvements of working processes and activities and pay limited attention to human-centric perspectives. This study addresses the complex phenomenon of reaching socially sustainable smart manufacturing by exploring the human-centric perspectives in the eras of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. Data were collected through an explorative qualitative case study with focus groups applying the history wall approach to document informants’ choices of activities that impact digitalization. To investigate informants’ interpretations and experiences of digital initiatives and prospects, the history wall approach was coupled with the analytical lens of the co-workership wheel, with its four conceptual pairs: trust and openness, community spirit and cooperation, engagement and meaningfulness, responsibility, and initiative. A total of 17 informants from different organizational levels at a case company participated. Activities, impacting digitalization, brought forward were grouped into technology, organization, and external impact. Results showed that human-centric and intangible perspectives surfaced as prerequisites when navigating industrial digitalization. Further, digital initiatives and prospects risk drowning in re-occurring organizational changes making successful implementation difficult. Thus, organizations cannot rely solely on technology, but must consider activities related to organizational aspects and impacts from the external environment, when introducing digital initiatives. Intrinsically, recognition of the co-workership concept, emphasizing human-centricity, can support the foundation necessary for bridging the gap towards socially sustainable smart manufacturing and strengthening the emerging I5.0 research.
41.	Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al. (author) To digitalize or not? Navigating and merging human : and technology perspectives in production planning and control 2022 In: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. - : Springer Nature. - 0268-3768 .- 1433-3015. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Contemporary manufacturing companies are navigating industrial digitalization anticipating increased production efciency and competitiveness in a volatile environment. This study focuses on the implementation processes of digital tools for production planning and control (PPC), i.e., advanced planning and scheduling (APS) software, in relation to the application of analog planning with physical fow boards. Digital tools can support understanding the consequences of production changes and variations, hence facilitating adaptable and resilient manufacturing. However, technological changes can be daunting, and efective implementations require dynamic capabilities to remain competitive in elusive environments. The aim is to study the implementation processes of an APS software to understand the requirements of fruitfully moving from analog planning to next-generation digital tools for decision support in PPC. The paper presents an explorative case study, at a manufacturing company within the energy sector. The interview study took place over 9 months during 2020–2021, investigating current and retrospective aspects of the case across 2019–2021. The case study comprises 17 in-depth interviews with a range of company employees, e.g., logistics managers and functions responsible for digitalization development. The results highlight the challenges of implementing and especially trusting digital tools for PPC. To realize the value of digital tools for PPC, it is argued that it is imperative to simultaneously apply a human-centric perspective in decision making to ensure trustworthy, sustainable, and resilient human-data-technology nexus implementations towards smart manufacturing
42.	Eriksson, Linnea, 1984-, et al. (author) A climate report gone missing : power mechanisms in Swedish national transport planning 2024 In: European Planning Studies. - : Routledge. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract While the technological development of vehicles and fuels is not adequate to meet current climate mitigation targets, infrastructure development also plays an important role in transforming the transport system. Previous studies have argued that conventional infrastructure planning is incapable of implementing climate mitigation. The aim of the paper is to provide insights into power means and mechanisms that counteract integration of climate mitigation targets in infrastructure planning. This is done by an in-depth case study of current Swedish national transport planning. This case provides a rich illustration of a situation with high political ambitions regarding climate mitigation on the one hand, and power mechanisms and resistance with regard to climate goals during the planning process on the other. The case is analysed using the perspective of power circuits and shows how forecasting works as an obligatory passage point, sorting in and out which analyses will be part of the decision-making material. Analyses which do not fit the forecasting model are dismissed from planning. The conclusion is that as long as the transport infrastructure planning practice is dependent on forecasting as the only central analysis there will be difficulties in changing the scope of infrastructure planning and making climate goals central for transport planning.
43.	Eriksson, Linnea (author) Accessibility in public transport policy and planning practice in the Uppsala region : a Swedish case 2022 In: Urban Matters Journal. - Malmö : Malmö universitet. ; :Dec Journal article (other academic/artistic)
44.	Eriksson, Linnea, et al. (author) Accessibility in public transport, policy and planning practice in the Uppsala region : A Swedish case 2023 In: Urban Matters. - Malmö : Institute for urban research, Malmö university. ; :3 Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
45.	Eriksson, Linnea, 1984-, et al. (author) Barn i planeringen av kollektivtrafik 2024 In: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 154-154 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract Sedan den 1 januari 2020 är FN:s barnkonvention införlivad i svensk lag vilket innebär att de rättigheter som följer av konventionen ska beaktas i alla beslutsprocesser som rör barn upp till 18 år. Transporter berör alla barn i vardagen och kollektivtrafiken är central för många barns självständiga mobilitet. Men hur har barnkonventionen påverkat arbetet i de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna? På vilka sätt och i vilka sammananhang inkluderas barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen? Vilka hinder och möjligheter finns för att involvera barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen? Syftet i detta projekt har varit att undersöka om och på vilka sätt barn involveras i den regionala kollektivtrafikplaneringen.Det empiriska materialet baserar sig på e-postintervjuer till alla 21 RKM:er, dess trafikförsörjningsprogram, andra relevanta regionala dokument som berör barn och kollektivtrafik samt sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tjänstepersoner på sex RKM:er utvalda utifrån storlek, geografi och svaren i e-postintervjuerna. Resultaten har analyserats utifrån begreppen barnperspektiv, som innebär att vuxna utifrån tidigare kunskap antar ett vad barnen behöver, respektive barns perspektiv, som i stället innebär att barnen själva involveras i planeringen.Barnkonventionen har i vissa regioner inneburit att nya rutiner och åtgärder införts för att integrera barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen medan konventionen i andra regioner inte haft samma påverkan. Här finner vi regioner som både medvetet arbetat med att integrera barn i planeringen utifrån konventionen bland annat för att politikerna anser det vara en viktig fråga och regioner som mindre medvetet arbetat med frågan utifrån ståndpunkten att barn och deras familjer är en viktig och stor kundgrupp. Det som framför allt upplevs svårt är att involvera barnen själva i planeringen, men en del regioner har arbetat med detta och funnit olika metoder och lösningar för att hantera utmaningen.
46.	Eriksson, Linnea, 1984-, et al. (author) Barns rätt till kollektivtrafik : barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv i kollektivtrafikplaneringen 2023 In: Rättvist resande. - Boxholm : Linnefors förlag. ; , s. 73-92 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract Syftet i följande kapitel är att beskriva och diskutera konsekvenserna av införlivandet av barnkonventionen i svensk lagstiftning för planeringen av kollektivtrafik hos de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna. Har barns position i kollektivtrafikplaneringen fått vind i seglen, råder det stiltje eller är det motvind? Vad gör de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna för att uppfylla barnkonventionen? Vilka hinder finns? Detta kapitel baserar sig på en kvalitativ studie genomförd under åren 2021–22 där materialet utgjorts av vid tidpunkten gällande trafikförsörjningsprogram (det övergripande strategiska dokumentet för kollektivtrafikens utveckling i varje region) för samtliga 21 regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter (RKM), e-post intervjuer med samtliga 21 RKM, kompletterande dokument om hur regionerna arbetar med barn i planeringen (om sådant funnits) och sju djupintervjuer med tjänstepersoner
47.	Eriksson, Linnea (author) Klimatrapporten som försvann : om vilka beslutsunderlag som hamnar på regeringens bord 2021. - 1 In: På väg mot hållbar omställning?. - Boxholm : Linnefors förlag. - 9789188651129 ; , s. 41-50 Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
48.	Eriksson, Linnea, 1984- (author) Kollektivtrafiken och hela resan : utveckling över tid och framtida möjligheter 2024 In: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 158-159 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract Kollektivtrafik är beroende av infrastruktur för sin funktion. Genom att använda sig av ett begrepp som ”hela resan” i utvecklingen av kollektivtrafikens planer och program, har de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna också visat att de intresserar sig för infrastrukturen som ansluter till kollektivtrafikens hållplatser och bytespunkter, samt vilka möjligheter det där finns för exempelvis parkering och laddning. Infrastrukturen som möjliggör att individer kan cykla, gå och åka bil till kollektivtrafiken har också blivit mer betydelsefull för den strategiska planeringen av kollektivtrafiken. I regionerna utanför de tre storstadsregionerna är detta ”hela resan”-perspektiv potentiellt viktigt då kollektivtrafiken inte är lika utbyggd som i storstaden, vilket gör att resenärerna har ett större behov av att kunna transportera sig till kollektivtrafiken om den ska kunna användas. I fokus för denna studie är utvecklingen av ”hela resan”-perspektivet i kollektivtrafikplaneringen i de 18 svenska regionerna utanför storstäderna och vad den utvecklingen betyder för den regionala samhällsplaneringen.Denna studie baserar sig på en kvalitativ analys av kollektivtrafikens centrala strategidokument, Regionala Trafikförsörjningsprogram (TFP); den regionala infrastrukturens strategi och investeringsplan, Länstransportplaner (LTP); samt semi-strukturerade intervjuer med centralt placerade tjänstepersoner inom Regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter. Dokumenten som analyserats är tre generationer TFP och tre generationer LTP, publicerade efter 2012 och fram till 2022. En centralt placerad representant för varje region har djupintervjuats. I stort sett samtliga regioner använder sig av begreppet ”hela resan” i sina senaste TFP och argumenterar för att det är ett viktigt fokus för kollektivtrafikens utveckling i regionen. Användningen av begreppet har ökat över tid och samtidigt har detaljrikedomen i hur perspektivet framställs och förklaras i TFP blivit större. De åtgärder som beskrivs i TFP är ofta pendlarparkeringar för såväl cykel som bil. Laddmöjligheter för bilar blir också viktigare. I tätorterna fokuserar man på den anslutande infrastrukturen för gång och cykel, medan det i landsbygd är bilen som står i fokus. Av en del regioner framhålls också att den tillgänglighetsanpassning av hållplatser som sker för att göra de tillgängliga för funktionsnedsatta också kan ses som en del i ”hela resan” arbetet, eftersom de åtgärderna ofta innebär förändringar i infrastrukturen runt om.
49.	Eriksson, Linnea, et al. (author) Local organization for promoting energy efficiency-reform of local energy advice service in Sweden 2021 In: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 14:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Homeowners are identified as a group in society that could change their energy behaviour towards greater energy efficiency and use of non-fossil fuels. External local energy advisors, who provide knowledge, motivation and service, can influence their decisions and thereby increase energy efficiency and dissemination of non-fossil fuels. In Sweden, the energy advice system has recently been reformed and this paper investigates this reform and analyses its early effects. The aim is to analyse how energy advisors manage the reform and how they work as middle actors to increase energy efficiency and non-fossil fuel use among homeowners. We use the theoretical framework of middle actors in the middle-out perspective together with the theory of institutional logics to analyse the case of the energy advisor reform. This qualitative analysis contributes to the discussion of energy advisors by focusing on the relevance of organizational structures and logics for their possibilities to influence homeowners' energy practices. The reform has introduced a governance and New Public Management logic that runs parallel with the former energy advice logic, guiding the advisors' work practice. The results show that the reform potentially has increased the energy advisors' ability to act as middle actors. However, there are organizational practices following the reform, which greatly constrain the advisors' abilities as middle actors. One conclusion is that the advisors are in need of more guidance from the Energy Agency to be able to perform more successful work.
50.	Eriksson, Linnea, et al. (author) Nationell transportplanering i ett kritiskt skede 2021. - 1 In: På väg mot hållbar omställning?. - Boxholm : Linnefors förlag. ; , s. 11-22 Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)

Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka

Permalink

Result 1-50 of 130

Refine your search

Type of publication: journal article (80); conference paper (17); reports (14); book chapter (9); doctoral thesis (4); editorial collection (2); show more...; other publication (2); book (1); licentiate thesis (1); show less...

Type of content: peer-reviewed (72); other academic/artistic (48); pop. science, debate, etc. (10)

Author/Editor: Eriksson, Linnea (27); Backman, Helena (11); Lindberg, Anne (11); Olsson, Anna Karin, ... (10); Carlsson, Linnea (10); Rönmark, Eva (10); show more...; Hedman, Linnea (10); Stridsman, Caroline (9); Eriksson, Kristina M ... (8); Eriksson, Johan (6); Bjermer, Leif (5); Peterson, Stefan (5); Lundbäck, Bo, 1948 (5); Tufvesson, Ellen (5); Gren, Nina (4); Nordmark, Gunnel (4); Nyberg, Lars (4); Gabrielsson, Sara (4); Krause, Torsten (4); Alm, Jens, 1982- (4); Malmqvist, Ebba (3); Friberg, Johan (3); Lundberg, Kristina (3); Becker, Per (3); Lundh Snis, Ulrika, ... (3); Mandl, Thomas (3); Wahren-Herlenius, Ma ... (3); Eriksson, Mikael (3); Hedman, Linnea, 1979 ... (3); Alcer, David (3); Nilsson Ekdahl, Kris ... (3); Nilsson, Bo (3); Busch, Henner (3); Carton, Wim (3); Jack, Tullia (3); Knaggård, Åsa (3); Ramasar, Vasna (3); Thorén, Henrik (3); Roldin, Pontus (3); Kritzberg, Emma (3); Olsson, Lennart (3); Persson, Andreas (3); Sporre, Moa (3); Eriksson, Per (3); Persson, Tomas (3); Richter, Jessika Lut ... (3); Stroh, Emilie (3); Lengquist, Mariette (3); Hedin, Ulf (3); Dahlner, Anders (3); show less...

University: Umeå University (26); Uppsala University (23); VTI - The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (23); Lund University (18); University of Gothenburg (15); Linköping University (14); show more...; Karolinska Institutet (12); University West (10); Royal Institute of Technology (9); Stockholm University (9); Marie Cederschiöld högskola (9); Luleå University of Technology (7); Malmö University (4); Karlstad University (4); Mälardalen University (3); Örebro University (3); Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (3); Chalmers University of Technology (3); Linnaeus University (3); RISE (3); Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (3); The Nordic Africa Institute (1); Jönköping University (1); show less...

Language: English (96); Swedish (34)

Research subject (UKÄ/SCB): Social Sciences (48); Medical and Health Sciences (39); Engineering and Technology (36); Natural sciences (26); Agricultural Sciences (5); Humanities (2)

Year

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

LIBRIS.kb.se

Copy and save the link in order to return to this view