SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Eriksson Magnus) srt2:(2010-2014)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Eriksson Magnus) > (2010-2014)

  • Resultat 1-50 av 222
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Berggren, Gustav, et al. (författare)
  • Mechanistic Studies on the Water-Oxidizing Reaction of Homogeneous Manganese-Based Catalysts : Isolation and Characterization of a Suggested Catalytic Intermediate
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 50:8, s. 3425-3430
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The synthesis, isolation, and characterization of two high-valent manganese dimers with isomeric ligands are reported. The complexes are synthesized and crystallized from solutions of low-valent precursors exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The crystal structures display centrosymmetric complexesconsisting of Mn2 IV,IV(μ-O)2 cores, with one ligand coordinating to each manganese. The ligands coordinate with the diaminoethane backbone, the carboxylate, and one of the two pyridines, while the second pyridine is noncoordinating. The activity of these complexes, under water oxidation conditions, is discussed in light of a proposed mechanism for water oxidation, in which this type of complexes have been suggested as a key intermediate.
  •  
2.
  • Eriksson, Eva, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • Digital Fabrication by IDAC – Aims, Steps and Transferable Principles
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: FabLearn Europe 2014.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper aims to present the digital fabrication approach driven by Gothenburg Working group for Interaction Design and Children – IDAC in Sweden. In addition to supporting local makerspace environments, educating teachers, school leaders and politicians, and conducting hacker clubs for children, we suggest including children in special education in a European agenda for digital fabrication at school, and make the maker movement matter for all children. In this paper, we identify three transferable principles for this.
  •  
3.
  • Ohlsson, Claes, 1965, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic determinants of serum testosterone concentrations in men.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 7:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Testosterone concentrations in men are associated with cardiovascular morbidity, osteoporosis, and mortality and are affected by age, smoking, and obesity. Because of serum testosterone's high heritability, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data in 8,938 men from seven cohorts and followed up the genome-wide significant findings in one in silico (n=871) and two de novo replication cohorts (n=4,620) to identify genetic loci significantly associated with serum testosterone concentration in men. All these loci were also associated with low serum testosterone concentration defined as <300 ng/dl. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) locus (17p13-p12) were identified as independently associated with serum testosterone concentration (rs12150660, p=1.2×10(-41) and rs6258, p=2.3×10(-22)). Subjects with ≥ 3 risk alleles of these variants had 6.5-fold higher risk of having low serum testosterone than subjects with no risk allele. The rs5934505 polymorphism near FAM9B on the X chromosome was also associated with testosterone concentrations (p=5.6×10(-16)). The rs6258 polymorphism in exon 4 of SHBG affected SHBG's affinity for binding testosterone and the measured free testosterone fraction (p<0.01). Genetic variants in the SHBG locus and on the X chromosome are associated with a substantial variation in testosterone concentrations and increased risk of low testosterone. rs6258 is the first reported SHBG polymorphism, which affects testosterone binding to SHBG and the free testosterone fraction and could therefore influence the calculation of free testosterone using law-of-mass-action equation.
  •  
4.
  • Timpka, Toomas, et al. (författare)
  • A neighborhood susceptibility index for planning of local physical interventions in response to pandemic influenza outbreaks
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings. - 1942-597X. ; 2010, s. 792-796
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The global spread of a novel A (H1N1) influenza virus in 2009 has highlighted the possibility of a devastating pandemic similar to the 'Spanish flu' of 1917-1918. Responding to such pandemics requires careful planning for the early phases where there is no availability of pandemic vaccine. We set out to compute a Neighborhood Influenza Susceptibility Index (NISI) describing the vulnerability of local communities of different geo-socio-physical structure to a pandemic influenza outbreak. We used a spatially explicit geo-physical model of Linköping municipality (pop. 136,240) in Sweden, and employed an ontology-modeling tool to define simulation models and transmission settings. We found considerable differences in NISI between neighborhoods corresponding to primary care areas with regard to early progress of the outbreak, as well as in terms of the total accumulated share of infected residents counted after the outbreak. The NISI can be used in local preparations of physical response measures during pandemics.
  •  
5.
  • Timpka, Toomas, et al. (författare)
  • Age as a determinant for dissemination of seasonal and pandemic influenza : An open cohort study of influenza outbreaks in Östergötland County, Sweden
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:2, s. e31746-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An understanding of the occurrence and comparative timing of influenza infections in different age groups is important for developing community response and disease control measures. This study uses data from a Scandinavian county (population 427,000) to investigate whether age was a determinant for being diagnosed with influenza 2005–2010 and to examine if age was associated with case timing during outbreaks. Aggregated demographic data were collected from Statistics Sweden, while influenza case data were collected from a county-wide electronic health record system. A logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether case risk was associated with age and outbreak. An analysis of variance was used to explore whether day for diagnosis was also associated to age and outbreak. The clinical case data were validated against case data from microbiological laboratories during one control year. The proportion of cases from the age groups 10–19 (p<0.001) and 20–29 years old (p<0.01) were found to be larger during the A pH1N1 outbreak in 2009 than during the seasonal outbreaks. An interaction between age and outbreak was observed (p<0.001) indicating a difference in age effects between circulating virus types; this interaction persisted for seasonal outbreaks only (p<0.001). The outbreaks also differed regarding when the age groups received their diagnosis (p<0.001). A post-hoc analysis showed a tendency for the young age groups, in particular the group 10–19 year olds, led outbreaks with influenza type A H1 circulating, while A H3N2 outbreaks displayed little variations in timing. The validation analysis showed a strong correlation (r = 0.625; p<0.001) between the recorded numbers of clinically and microbiologically defined influenza cases. Our findings demonstrate the complexity of age effects underlying the emergence of local influenza outbreaks. Disentangling these effects on the causal pathways will require an integrated information infrastructure for data collection and repeated studies of well-defined communities.
  •  
6.
  • Timpka, Toomas, et al. (författare)
  • Performance of eHealth data sources in local influenza surveillance : a 5-year open cohort study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 16:4, s. 216-225
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: There is abundant global interest in using syndromic data from population-wide health information systems-referred to as eHealth resources-to improve infectious disease surveillance. Recently, the necessity for these systems to achieve two potentially conflicting requirements has been emphasized. First, they must be evidence-based; second, they must be adjusted for the diversity of populations, lifestyles, and environments.OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to examine correlations between data from Google Flu Trends (GFT), computer-supported telenursing centers, health service websites, and influenza case rates during seasonal and pandemic influenza outbreaks. The secondary objective was to investigate associations between eHealth data, media coverage, and the interaction between circulating influenza strain(s) and the age-related population immunity.METHODS: An open cohort design was used for a five-year study in a Swedish county (population 427,000). Syndromic eHealth data were collected from GFT, telenursing call centers, and local health service website visits at page level. Data on mass media coverage of influenza was collected from the major regional newspaper. The performance of eHealth data in surveillance was measured by correlation effect size and time lag to clinically diagnosed influenza cases.RESULTS: Local media coverage data and influenza case rates showed correlations with large effect sizes only for the influenza A (A) pH1N1 outbreak in 2009 (r=.74, 95% CI .42-.90; P<.001) and the severe seasonal A H3N2 outbreak in 2011-2012 (r=.79, 95% CI .42-.93; P=.001), with media coverage preceding case rates with one week. Correlations between GFT and influenza case data showed large effect sizes for all outbreaks, the largest being the seasonal A H3N2 outbreak in 2008-2009 (r=.96, 95% CI .88-.99; P<.001). The preceding time lag decreased from two weeks during the first outbreaks to one week from the 2009 A pH1N1 pandemic. Telenursing data and influenza case data showed correlations with large effect sizes for all outbreaks after the seasonal B and A H1 outbreak in 2007-2008, with a time lag decreasing from two weeks for the seasonal A H3N2 outbreak in 2008-2009 (r=.95, 95% CI .82-.98; P<.001) to none for the A p H1N1 outbreak in 2009 (r=.84, 95% CI .62-.94; P<.001). Large effect sizes were also observed between website visits and influenza case data.CONCLUSIONS: Correlations between the eHealth data and influenza case rates in a Swedish county showed large effect sizes throughout a five-year period, while the time lag between signals in eHealth data and influenza rates changed. Further research is needed on analytic methods for adjusting eHealth surveillance systems to shifts in media coverage and to variations in age-group related immunity between virus strains. The results can be used to inform the development of alert-generating eHealth surveillance systems that can be subject for prospective evaluations in routine public health practice.
  •  
7.
  • Timpka, Toomas, et al. (författare)
  • Predictive performance of telenursing complaints in influenza surveillance : a prospective cohort study in Sweden
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 19:46, s. 20966-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Syndromic data sources have been sought to improve the timely detection of increased influenza transmission. This study set out to examine the prospective performance of telenursing chief complaints in predicting influenza activity. Data from two influenza seasons (2007/08 and 2008/09) were collected in a Swedish county (population 427,000) to retrospectively determine which grouping of telenursing chief complaints had the largest correlation with influenza case rates. This grouping was prospectively evaluated in the three subsequent seasons. The best performing telenursing complaint grouping in the retrospective algorithm calibration was fever (child, adult) and syncope (r=0.66; p<0.001). In the prospective evaluation, the performance of 14-day predictions was acceptable for the part of the evaluation period including the 2009 influenza pandemic (area under the curve (AUC)=0.84; positive predictive value (PPV)=0.58), while it was strong (AUC=0.89; PPV=0.93) for the remaining evaluation period including only influenza winter seasons. We recommend the use of telenursing complaints for predicting winter influenza seasons. The method requires adjustments when used during pandemics.
  •  
8.
  •  
9.
  • Timpka, Toomas, et al. (författare)
  • Requirements and Design of the PROSPER Protocol for Implementation of Information Infrastructures Supporting Pandemic Response: A Nominal Group Study
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:3, s. 0017941-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Advanced technical systems and analytic methods promise to provide policy makers with information to help them recognize the consequences of alternative courses of action during pandemics. Evaluations still show that response programs are insufficiently supported by information systems. This paper sets out to derive a protocol for implementation of integrated information infrastructures supporting regional and local pandemic response programs at the stage(s) when the outbreak no longer can be contained at its source. Methods: Nominal group methods for reaching consensus on complex problems were used to transform requirements data obtained from international experts into an implementation protocol. The analysis was performed in a cyclical process in which the experts first individually provided input to working documents and then discussed them in conferences calls. Argument-based representation in design patterns was used to define the protocol at technical, system, and pandemic evidence levels. Results: The Protocol for a Standardized information infrastructure for Pandemic and Emerging infectious disease Response (PROSPER) outlines the implementation of information infrastructure aligned with pandemic response programs. The protocol covers analyses of the community at risk, the response processes, and response impacts. For each of these, the protocol outlines the implementation of a supporting information infrastructure in hierarchical patterns ranging from technical components and system functions to pandemic evidence production. Conclusions: The PROSPER protocol provides guidelines for implementation of an information infrastructure for pandemic response programs both in settings where sophisticated health information systems already are used and in developing communities where there is limited access to financial and technical resources. The protocol is based on a generic health service model and its functions are adjusted for community-level analyses of outbreak detection and progress, and response program effectiveness. Scientifically grounded reporting principles need to be established for interpretation of information derived from outbreak detection algorithms and predictive modeling.
  •  
10.
  • Vimaleswaran, Karani S, et al. (författare)
  • Association of vitamin D status with arterial blood pressure and hypertension risk: a mendelian randomisation study.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology. - 2213-8595 .- 2213-8587. ; 2:9, s. 719-29
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration is associated with high arterial blood pressure and hypertension risk, but whether this association is causal is unknown. We used a mendelian randomisation approach to test whether 25(OH)D concentration is causally associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk. Methods In this mendelian randomisation study, we generated an allele score (25[OH]D synthesis score) based on variants of genes that affect 25(OH)D synthesis or substrate availability (CYP2R1 and DHCR7), which we used as a proxy for 25(OH)D concentration. We meta-analysed data for up to 108173 individuals from 35 studies in the D-CarDia collaboration to investigate associations between the allele score and blood pressure measurements. We complemented these analyses with previously published summary statistics from the International Consortium on Blood Pressure (ICBP), the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, and the Global Blood Pressure Genetics (Global BPGen) consortium. Findings In phenotypic analyses (up to n=49363), increased 25(OH)D concentration was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (β per 10% increase, −0·12 mm Hg, 95% CI −0·20 to −0·04; p=0·003) and reduced odds of hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0·98, 95% CI 0·97–0·99; p=0·0003), but not with decreased diastolic blood pressure (β per 10% increase, −0·02 mm Hg, −0·08 to 0·03; p=0·37). In meta-analyses in which we combined data from D-CarDia and the ICBP (n=146581, after exclusion of overlapping studies), each 25(OH)D-increasing allele of the synthesis score was associated with a change of −0·10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (−0·21 to −0·0001; p=0·0498) and a change of −0·08 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (−0·15 to −0·02; p=0·01). When D-CarDia and consortia data for hypertension were meta-analysed together (n=142255), the synthesis score was associated with a reduced odds of hypertension (OR per allele, 0·98, 0·96–0·99; p=0·001). In instrumental variable analysis, each 10% increase in genetically instrumented 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a change of −0·29 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (−0·52 to −0·07; p=0·01), a change of −0·37 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (−0·73 to 0·003; p=0·052), and an 8·1% decreased odds of hypertension (OR 0·92, 0·87–0·97; p=0·002). Interpretation Increased plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D might reduce the risk of hypertension. This finding warrants further investigation in an independent, similarly powered study.
  •  
11.
  • Öhrmalm, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • Variation-tolerant capture and multiplex detection of nucleic acids : application to detection of microbes
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 50:10, s. 3208-3215
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In contrast to ordinary PCRs, which have a limited multiplex capacity and often return false-negative results due to target variation or inhibition, our new detection strategy, VOCMA (variation-tolerant capture multiplex assay), allows variation-tolerant, target-specific capture and detection of many nucleic acids in one test. Here we demonstrate the use of a single-tube, dual-step amplification strategy that overcomes the usual limitations of PCR multiplexing, allowing at least a 22-plex format with retained sensitivity. Variation tolerance was achieved using long primers and probes designed to withstand variation at known sites and a judicious mix of degeneration and universal bases. We tested VOCMA in situations where enrichment from a large sample volume with high sensitivity and multiplexity is important (sepsis; streptococci, enterococci, and staphylococci, several enterobacteria, candida, and the most important antibiotic resistance genes) and where variation tolerance and high multiplexity is important (gastroenteritis; astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus genogroups I and II, and sapovirus, as well as enteroviruses, which are not associated with gastroenteritis). Detection sensitivities of 10 to 1,000 copies per reaction were achieved for many targets. VOCMA is a highly multiplex, variation-tolerant, general purpose nucleic acid detection concept. It is a specific and sensitive method for simultaneous detection of nucleic acids from viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, as well as host nucleic acid, in the same test. It can be run on an ordinary PCR and a Luminex machine and is suitable for both clinical diagnoses and microbial surveillance.
  •  
12.
  • Abata, E., et al. (författare)
  • Study of energy response and resolution of the ATLAS barrel calorimeter to hadrons of energies from 20 to 350 GeV
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 621:1-3, s. 134-150
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. In this paper, the results of the measurements of the response of the barrel calorimeter to hadrons with energies in the range 20-350 GeV and beam impact points and angles corresponding to pseudo-rapidity values in the range 0.2-0.65 are reported. The results are compared to the predictions of a simulation program using the Geant 4 toolkit. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.
  •  
13.
  • Andernord, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • Surgical Predictors of Early Revision Surgery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Results From the Swedish National Knee Ligament Register on 13,102 Patients.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 42:7, s. 1574-1582
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND:An important objective of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) registries is to detect and report early graft failure and revision surgery after ACL reconstruction. PURPOSE:To investigate surgical variables and identify predictors of revision surgery after ACL reconstruction. STUDY DESIGN:Prospective cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS:This prospective cohort study was based on data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Register during the years 2005 through 2011. Eight surgical variables were investigated: graft selection, graft width, single-bundle or double-bundle techniques, femoral graft fixation, tibial graft fixation, injury-to-surgery interval, injuries to menisci, and injuries to cartilage. The primary endpoint was the 2-year incidence of revision surgery. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and adjusted for confounders by use of multivariate statistics. RESULTS:A total of 13,102 patients were included (5541 women [42%] and 7561 men [58%]; P < .001). Hamstring tendon autografts accounted for 90% (11,764 patients) of all reconstructions, of which 96% were performed with a single-bundle technique (11,339 patients). Patellar tendon autografts accounted for the remaining 10% (1338 patients). At index reconstruction, observed injuries to menisci and cartilage were common (40% and 28%, respectively). The overall 2-year incidence of revision surgery was 1.60% (women, 1.57%; men, 1.63%; P = .854). Patients with metal interference screw fixation of a semitendinosus tendon autograft on the tibia had a significantly reduced risk of early revision surgery (RR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.12-0.90; P = .031). CONCLUSION:Metal interference screw fixation of a semitendinosus tendon autograft on the tibia was an independent predictor of significantly lower 2-year incidence of revision surgery. Graft selection, graft width, a single-bundle or a double-bundle technique, femoral graft fixation, the injury-to-surgery interval, and meniscus injury were not predictors of early revision surgery.
  •  
14.
  •  
15.
  • Andersson, Kerstin I., et al. (författare)
  • Removal of Lignin from Wastewater Generated by Mechanical Pulping Using Activated Charcoal and Fly Ash : Adsorption Kinetics
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 50:13, s. 7733-7739
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The possible application of adsorption for the removal of lignin-related material found in wastewater generated by mechanical pulping was investigated. Activated charcoal and fly ash were used as adsorbents in batch experiments. The lignin-related material exhibited properties well-suited for adsorption onto both adsorbents, although the sorption capacity of activated charcoal exceeds that of fly ash. The experimental data were fitted to pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order rate kinetic expressions, and an attempt was made to find the rate-limiting step involved in the adsorption processes. The results showed that lignin adsorption onto both activated charcoal and fly ash follows pseudo-second-order rate kinetics and that both boundary-layer diffusion and intraparticle diffusion are likely involved in the rate-limiting mechanisms. Adsorption is an interesting option in advanced wastewater treatment, and fly ash appears to be a suitable low-cost adsorbent for recalcitrant organic pollutants.
  •  
16.
  • Andersson, Kerstin I, et al. (författare)
  • Removal of Lignin from Wastewater Generated by Mechanical Pulping Using Activated Charcoal and Fly Ash: Adsorption Isotherms and Thermodynamics
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 50:13, s. 7722-7732
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lignin-related material found in wastewater from thermomechanical pulping resists conventional biological treatment, entailing the use of advanced removal methods. In this work, the use of adsorption for removing lignin-related material was investigated. Activated charcoal and fly ash were used to study the adsorption behavior of lignin and to determine the adsorption capacities of these two adsorbents. Experimental data were fitted to various isotherm equations to find the best description of the sorption systems, and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Fly ash exhibited good sorption properties, although its sorption capacity was inferior to that of activated charcoal. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir equations provided reasonable models of the sorption processes, and the thermodynamic parameters indicated that sorption onto activated charcoal is endothermic, whereas sorption onto fly ash appears to be exothermic. Fly ash is a low-cost material that is often available on-site and offers an interesting alternative to high-cost advanced wastewater treatment systems for removing recalcitrant organic materials.
  •  
17.
  • Andersson, Lars Fredrik, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Life insurance and income growth : the case of Sweden 1830-1950
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Routledge. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 58:3, s. 203-219
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we provide an analysis of the life insurance market in Sweden from the early 19th century to the mid 20th century. We consider determinants put forward in the financial history literature to explain the growth of life insurance. The paper shows that income elasticity of demand gives a fairly good approximation of the development in the twentieth century, while the development of risk and insurance innovation among other things need to be taken into account to explain the growth of life insurance in nineteenth century. The price of life insurance, measured as the overhead-to-premium-income-ratio, remained fairly constant during the second half of the 19th century, while the risk, as indicated in terms of crude mortality rates and its volatility did decline.  This probably improved the return on life-insurance savings and further helped the entry of new firms. The average premium size was reduced to enable the diffusion of life insurance to workers.
  •  
18.
  •  
19.
  • Becker, Elin, et al. (författare)
  • Study of the Sensing Mechanism Towards Carbon Monoxide of Platinum-Based Field Effect Sensors
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL. - : IEEE. - 1530-437X. ; 11:7, s. 1527-1534
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have investigated the temperature dependence and the effect of hydrogen on the CO response of MISiC field effect device sensors. The evolution of adsorbates on a model sensor was studied by in situ DRIFT spectroscopy and correlated to sensor response measurements at similar conditions. A strong correlation between the CO coverage of the sensor surface and the sensor response was found. The temperature dependence and hydrogen sensitivity are partly in agreement with these observations, however at low temperatures it is difficult to explain the observed increase in sensor response with increasing temperature. This may be explained by the reduction of a surface oxide or removal of oxygen from the Pt/SiO2 interface at increasing temperatures. The sensing mechanism of MISiC field effect sensors is likely complex, involving several of the factors discussed in this paper.
  •  
20.
  • Becker, Elin, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Study of the Sensing Mechanism Towards Carbon Monoxide of Platinum-Based Field Effect Sensors
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1558-1748 .- 1530-437X. ; 11:7, s. 1527-1534
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have investigated the temperature dependence and the effect of hydrogen on the CO response of MISiC field effect device sensors. The evolution of adsorbates on a model sensor was studied by in situ DRIFT spectroscopy and correlated to sensor response measurements at similar conditions. A strong correlation between the CO coverage of the sensor surface and the sensor response was found. The temperature dependence and hydrogen sensitivity are partly in agreement with these observations, however at low temperatures it is difficult to explain the observed increase in sensor response with increasing temperature. This may be explained by the reduction of a surface oxide or removal of oxygen from the Pt/SiO2 interface at increasing temperatures. The sensing mechanism of MISiC field effect sensors is likely complex, involving several of the factors discussed in this paper.
  •  
21.
  • Benesch, Henric, 1972, et al. (författare)
  • Ingreppsfestival
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Kanaltorgsgatan, Heurlins plats, Stenpiren, Verkstadsgatan (Göteborg).
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • I samband med det forskningsprojektet Ingrepp genomfördes en Ingreppfestival med avseende på att i ett öppet publikt sammanhang diskutera utgångspunkterna forskningsgruppen formulerat i tabloiden Ingrepp – en tidning om städer, planering och konst, vilket delades ut gratis en vecka innan festivalen. I tidningen hittade man läsning kring städer, stadsutveckling, konst och konstnärlig forskning vilken hade bäring på den utvecklingsprocess som pågick och pågår på Södra Älvstranden i Göteborg. Både tabloiden och festivalen var ett direkt uttryck för gruppen vilja att ta ut diskussionen på gatan och i sitt sammanhang, men också ett sätt att pröva konstens och akademins möjligheter att gripa in och delta i samhälleliga skeenden. Festivalen vilken turnerade runt på fyra platser under fyra dagar längs Södra Älvstranden innefattade allt ifrån inbjudna samtal/debatter/seminarier till workshops kring Södra Älvstrandens framtid till tipspromenader, picnics och olika former av performativa iscensättningar under bar himmel.
  •  
22.
  • Bengtsson, Johan, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Metaxa: Automated detection and discrimination among ribosomal small subunit (12S/16S/18S) sequences of archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: SocBiN Bioinformatics Conference, Helsinki, Finland, 2011.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The ribosomal small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene has emerged as an important genetic marker for taxonomic identification in environmental sequencing datasets. However, the gene is not only present in the nuclear genome of eukaryotes and the core genome of prokaryotes, but also in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes. The SSU genes in the core genome, mitochondria and chloroplast are conceptually paralogous and should in most situations not be aligned and analyzed jointly, e.g. when estimating species diversity. Identifying the origin of SSU sequences in complex sequence datasets is a time-consuming and largely manual undertaking. To ease this situation, we have created Metaxa, an automated software tool to extract full-length and partial SSU sequences from larger sequence datasets and assign them to an archaeal, bacte- rial, nuclear eukaryote, mitochondrial, or chloroplast origin. Metaxa very efficiently detects SSU sequences from fragments as short as 200 base pairs, and correctly classifies 97% of the identified genes at read lengths typically obtained from pyrosequencing. In addition, Metaxa shows a false positive rate of 0.00012% when run on random DNA fragments, showing the robustness of the method. We believe that this tool will be useful in microbial and evolutionary ecology as well as in metagenomics.
  •  
23.
  • Bengtsson-Palme, Johan, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Metaxa: a software tool for automated detection and discrimination among ribosomal small subunit (12S/16S/18S) sequences of archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in metagenomes and environmental sequencing datasets
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: international journal of general and molecular microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0003-6072 .- 1572-9699. ; 100:3, s. 471-475
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The ribosomal small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene has emerged as an important genetic marker for taxonomic identification in environmental sequencing datasets. In addition to being present in the nucleus of eukaryotes and the core genome of prokaryotes, the gene is also found in the mitochondria of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic eukaryotes. These three sets of genes are conceptually paralogous and should in most situations not be aligned and analyzed jointly. To identify the origin of SSU sequences in complex sequence datasets has hitherto been a time-consuming and largely manual undertaking. However, the present study introduces Metaxa (http://microbiology.se/software/metaxa/), an automated software tool to extract full-length and partial SSU sequences from larger sequence datasets and assign them to an archaeal, bacterial, nuclear eukaryote, mitochondrial, or chloroplast origin. Using data from reference databases and from full-length organelle and organism genomes, we show that Metaxa detects and scores SSU sequences for origin with very low proportions of false positives and negatives. We believe that this tool will be useful in microbial and evolutionary ecology as well as in metagenomics.
  •  
24.
  • Bergeås Kuutmann, Elin, et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of Pion and Proton Response and Longitudinal Shower Profiles up to 20 Nuclear Interaction Lengths with the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 615:2, s. 158-181
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The response of pions and protons in the energy range of 20–180 GeV, produced at CERN's SPS H8 test-beam line in the ATLAS iron–scintillator Tile hadron calorimeter, has been measured. The test-beam configuration allowed the measurement of the longitudinal shower development for pions and protons up to 20 nuclear interaction lengths. It was found that pions penetrate deeper in the calorimeter than protons. However, protons induce showers that are wider laterally to the direction of the impinging particle. Including the measured total energy response, the pion-to-proton energy ratio and the resolution, all observations are consistent with a higher electromagnetic energy fraction in pion-induced showers. The data are compared with GEANT4 simulations using several hadronic physics lists. The measured longitudinal shower profiles are described by an analytical shower parametrization within an accuracy of 5–10%. The amount of energy leaking out behind the calorimeter is determined and parametrized as a function of the beam energy and the calorimeter depth. This allows for a leakage correction of test-beam results in the standard projective geometry.
  •  
25.
  • Berggren, Gustav, et al. (författare)
  • Synthesis and characterisation of low valent Mn-complexes as models for Mn-catalases
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 39:45, s. 11035-11044
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work we report the synthesis of two novel manganese complexes, [L1(3)Mn(6)(II)](ClO4)(6) (1 center dot(ClO4)(6)) and [L2Mn(2)(II)(mu-OAc)(mu-Cl)](ClO4)(2) (2 center dot(ClO4)(2)), where L1(2-) is the 2,2'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis-((2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)ethyl)azanediyl)diacetic acid anion and L2 is N1,N1'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(N2,N2'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine). The ligands Na(2)L1 and L2 are built on the same backbone, L2 only contains nitrogen donors, while two carboxylate arms have been introduced in Na(2)L1. The two complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, EPR spectroscopy, and electrochemistry. X-Ray crystallography revealed that 1 is a manganese(II) hexamer and 2 is a manganese(II) dimer featuring an unprecedented mono-mu-acetato, mono-mu-chlorido bridging motif. The ability of the complexes to catalyse H2O2 disproportionation, thereby acting as models for manganese catalases, has been investigated and compared to the activity of two other related manganese complexes. The introduction of carboxylate donors in the ligands, leading to increased denticity, resulted in a drop in H2O2 disproportionation activity.
  •  
26.
  • Bergstroem, Stig Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Conodont biostratigraphy, and delta C-13 and delta S-34 isotope chemostratigraphy, of the uppermost Ordovician and Lower Silurian at Osmundsberget, Dalarna, Sweden
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: GFF. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-0863 .- 1103-5897. ; 134:4, s. 251-272
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The previously established graptolite and chitinozoan Hirnanian-Telychian biostratigraphy in the unique Osmundsberget North outcrop in the Siljan region, south-central Sweden, is integrated with new conodont biostratigraphy and C-13(org), C-13(carb) and S-34(pyr) chemostratigraphy. At this locality, the middle Hirnantian (latest Ordovician) topmost part of the Boda Limestone is overlain by the latest Hirnantian Glisstjarn Formation, and the late Aeronianearly Telychian (Llandovery) Kallholn Formation rests unconformably on the Glisstjarn Formation. Previous conodont work showed that the Glisstjarn Formation belongs to the lower Ozarkodina hassi Zone. New samples from calcareous interbeds in the dominantly shaly Kallholn Formation, some of which contain hundreds of condont elements, yielded Distomodus staurognathoides, Aspelundia fluegeli and other taxa indicating the D.staurognathoides Zone. In the East Baltic succession, the coeval interval, which is in the uppermost Raikkulalowermost Adavere stages just below the geographically widespread Osmundsberg K-bentonite, has yielded a conodont fauna similar to that of the lower Kallholn Formation. A regional review of the D. staurognathoides Zone shows that there are possible equivalents to our study interval also in Norway and the Welsh Borderland, but equivalent strata are missing in large parts of North America, or have not produced diagnostic conodonts. The C-13(org) values from the study section are relatively uniform (mostly ranging between 29 parts per thousand and 30 parts per thousand), and the late Aeronian and Valgu positive excursions have not been recognized.
  •  
27.
  • Bergström, L. Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Self-assembly in mixtures of an anionic and a cationic surfactant : A comparison between small-angle neutron scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 29:38, s. 11834-11848
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The self-assembly in SOS-rich mixtures of the anionic surfactant sodium octyl sulfate (SOS) and the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been investigated with the complementary techniques small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Both techniques confirm the simultaneous presence of open and closed bilayer structures in highly diluted samples as well as the existence of small globular and large elongated micelles at higher concentrations. However, the two techniques sometimes differ with respect to which type of aggregates is present in a particular sample. In particular, globular or wormlike micelles are sometimes observed with cryo-TEM in the vicinity of the micelle-to-bilayer transition, although only bilayers are present according to SANS and the samples appear bluish to the eye. A similar discrepancy has previously been reported but could not be satisfactorily rationalized. On the basis of our comparison between in situ (SANS) and ex situ (cryo-TEM) experimental techniques, we suggest that this discrepancy appears mainly as a result of the non-negligible amount of surfactant adsorbed at interfaces of the thin sample film created during the cryo-TEM specimen preparation. Moreover, from our detailed SANS data analysis, we are able to observe the unusually high amount of free surfactant monomers present in SOS-rich mixtures of SOS and CTAB, and the experimental results give excellent agreement with model calculations based on the Poisson-Boltzmann mean field theory. Our careful comparison between model calculations and experiments has enabled us to rationalize the dramatic microstructural transformations frequently observed upon simply diluting mixtures of an anionic and a cationic surfactant.
  •  
28.
  • Bergström, L. Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Spontaneous Transformations between Surfactant Bilayers of Different Topologies Observed in Mixtures of Sodium Octyl Sulfate and Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 30:14, s. 3928-3938
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The influence of adding salt on the self-assembly in sodium octyl sulfate (SOS)-rich mixtures of the anionic surfactant SOS and the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) have been investigated with the two complementary techniques, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and cryo-transmission electron microscopy. We are able to conclude that addition of a substantial amount of inert salt, NaBr, mainly has three effects on the structural behaviors: (i) the micelles become much larger at the transition from micelles to bilayers, (ii) the fraction of bilayer disks increases at the expense of vesicles, and (iii) bilayer aggregates perforated with holes are formed in the most diluted samples. A novel form factor valid for perforated bilayer vesicles and disks is introduced for the first time and, as a result, we are able to directly observe the presence of perforated bilayers by means of fitting SANS data with an appropriate model. Moreover, we are able to conclude that the morphology of bilayer aggregates changes according to the following sequence of different bilayer topologies, vesicles --> disks --> perforated bilayers, as the electrolyte concentration is increased and surfactant mole fraction in the bilayer aggregates approaches equimolarity. We are able to rationalize this sequence of transitions as a result of a monotonous increase of the bilayer saddle-splay constant ((k) over bar (bi)(c)) with decreasing influence from electrostatics, in agreement with theoretical predictions as deduced from the Poisson-Boltzmann theory.
  •  
29.
  • Bettini, Eleonora, et al. (författare)
  • Influence of metal carbides on dissolution behavior of biomedical CoCrMo alloy : SEM, TEM and AFM studies
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 56:25, s. 9413-9419
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The influence of precipitate carbides on dissolution tendency and behavior of a biomedical CoCrMo alloy was investigated at microscopic scale. SEM/EDS, TEM/EDS and XRD were performed to characterize crystallographic structure and composition of different precipitate carbides. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscope (SKPFM) was used to evaluate relative nobility of the carbides. In addition to polarization curves, in situ electrochemical AFM (EC-AFM) measurements were performed to investigate the effect of the carbides on local dissolution processes. SEM/EDS, TEM/EDS and XRD characterizations showed non-uniform structure and composition of Cr and Mo carbides. SKPFM analysis suggested the carbide boundaries as preferential sites for corrosion/dissolution process. Cyclic polarization curves of the alloy in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution showed a large current density increase above a certain potential, but only a small hysteresis loop during reverse scan. No noticeable pitting corrosion was observed by SEM after the experiments. In situ AFM images of the sample in PBS showed a stable surface at potentials in the passive region and around the potential corresponding to the current increase and slight etching-like dissolution around the carbides at higher potentials. Carbide boundaries are preferential sites for metal dissolution and carbides with non-uniform composition might exhibit different dissolution rates.
  •  
30.
  • Bremer, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Copy number variation characteristics in subpopulations of patients with autism spectrum disorders.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics. - : Wiley. - 1552-4841. ; 156B156:2, s. 115-124
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with a complex genetic etiology. We used high-resolution whole genome array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) to screen 223 ASD patients for gene dose alterations associated with susceptibility for autism. Clinically significant copy number variations (CNVs) were identified in 18 individuals (8%), of which 9 cases (4%) had de novo aberrations. In addition, 20 individuals (9%) were shown to have CNVs of unclear clinical relevance. Among these, 13 cases carried rare but inherited CNVs that may increase the risk for developing ASDs, while parental samples were unavailable in the remaining seven cases. Classification of all patients into different phenotypic and inheritance pattern groups indicated the presence of different CNV patterns in different patient groups. Clinically relevant CNVs were more common in syndromic cases compared to non-syndromic cases. Rare inherited CNVs were present in a higher proportion of ASD cases having first- or second-degree relatives with an ASD-related neuropsychiatric phenotype in comparison with cases without reported heredity (P=0.0096). We conclude that rare CNVs, encompassing potential candidate regions for ASDs, increase the susceptibility for the development of ASDs and related neuropsychiatric disorders giving us further insight into the complex genetics underlying ASDs
  •  
31.
  • Brolen, Gabriella, et al. (författare)
  • Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human embryonic stem cells specifically via definitive endoderm and a progenitor stage
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4863 .- 0168-1656. ; 145:3, s. 284-294
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Human embryonic stem cells offer a potential unlimited supply for functional hepatocytes, since they can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells displaying a characteristic hepatic morphology and expressing various hepatic markers. These cells could be used in various applications such as studies of drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity, which however, would require a significant expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. To derive these cells we use a stepwise differentiation protocol where growth- and maturation factors are added. The first phase involves the formation of definitive endoderm. Next, these cells are treated with factors known to promote the induction and proliferation towards hepatic progenitor cell types. In the last phase the cells are terminally differentiated and maturated into functional hepatocyte-like cells. The cultures were characterized by analysis of endodermal or hepatic markers and compared to cultures derived without induction via definitive endoderm. Hepatic functions such as urea secretion, glycogen storage, indocyanine green uptake and secretion, and cytochrome P450-expression and activity were evaluated. The DE-Hep showed a hepatocyte morphology with sub-organized cells and exhibited many liver-functions including transporter activity and capacity to metabolize drugs specific for important cytochrome P450 sub-families. This represents an importantstep in differentiation of hESC into functional hepatocytes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
32.
  • Broms, Loove (författare)
  • Sustainable Interactions : Studies in the Design of Energy Awareness Artefacts
  • 2011
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This thesis presents a collection of experimental designs that approach the problem of growing electricity consumption in homes. From the perspective of design, the intention has been to critically explore the design space of energy awareness artefacts to reinstate awareness of energy use in everyday practice. The design experiments were used as vehicles for thinking about the relationship between physical form, interaction, and social practice. The rationale behind the concepts was based on a small-scale ethnography, situated interviews, and design experience. Moreover, the thesis compares designer intention and actual user experiences of a prototype that was installed in nine homes in a residential area in Stockholm for three months. This was done in order to elicit tacit knowledge about how the concept was used in real-world domestic settings, to challenge everyday routines, and to enable both users and designers to critically reflect on artefacts and practices.From a design perspective, contributions include design approaches to communicating energy use: visualizations for showing relationships between behaviour and electricity consumption, shapes and forms to direct action, means for turning restrictions caused by energy conservation into central parts of the product experience, and ways to promote sustainable behaviour with positive driving forces based on user lifestyles.The general results indicate that inclusion is of great importance when designing energy awareness artefacts; all members of the household should be able to access, interact with, and reflect on their energy use. Therefore, design-related aspects such as placement and visibility, as well as how the artefact might affect the social interactions in the home,  become central. Additionally, the thesis argues that these types of artefacts can potentially create awareness accompanied by negative results such as stress. A challenge for the designer is to create artefacts that communicate and direct energy use in ways that are attractive and can be accepted by all household members as a possible way of life.
  •  
33.
  • Burström, Kristina, et al. (författare)
  • A Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument : the development process
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 21:2, s. 171-177
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Revising existing health related-quality of life (HRQoL) instruments used among adults with the intention of making them child-friendly enables the collection of similar HRQoL data in children, adolescents and adults. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss the development process of a Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument. Methods: We modified the existing Swedish EQ-5D adult version to make it child-friendly. Within a multidisciplinary research group, we investigated linguistic and interpretation issues by performing face-to-face and group interviews with children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. Results: The first modification of the adult language was to change single words into words intelligible to and used by children [e.g. changing ‘depression’ (depression) into ‘ledsen’ (sad)]. The second related to whole expressions (using verb-form in the headings of dimensions).Conclusion: The advantage of being able to collect much the same data from children and adolescents, for example in population surveys covering all ages and in chronic childhood diseases, as for adults might outweigh possible disadvantages of modifying existing HRQoL instruments. The Swedish child-friendly EQ-5D pilot version resulting from this development process is further tested for feasibility and construct validity in a clinical interview study; initial results are reported in a subsequent paper.
  •  
34.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Discrimination in the rental housing market for apartments
  • 2013
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Discrimination in the housing market may create large inefficiencies, but is difficult to measure. To circumvent the problems with unobserved heterogeneity, most recent studies use the correspondence testing approach (i.e. sending fictitious applications to landlords). In this study, we extend the existing methodology by (i) randomly assigning all relevant applicant characteristics to the applications, and (ii) carefully taking into account the interactions between applicant, landlord, apartment and regional characteristics. Then, we demonstrate how this approach can be implemented by considering how an applicant’s gender, ethnicity, age and employment status affect the probability of being invited to an apartment viewing in the Swedish housing market. Our results confirm the existence of widespread discrimination, but also show that the degree of this discrimination varies substantially with applicant, landlord, apartment and regional characteristics. This heterogeneity highlights the importance of using of using a broad approach when conducting correspondence studies.
  •  
35.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Discrimination in the rental market for apartments
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Housing Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1051-1377 .- 1096-0791. ; 23, s. 41-54
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Discrimination in the housing market may create large economic inefficiencies and unfair individual outcomes, but is very difficult to measure. To circumvent the problems with unobserved heterogeneity, most recent studies use the correspondence testing approach (i.e. sending fictitious inquiries to landlords). In this study, we generalize the existing methodology in order to facilitate a test of to what extent the measured degree of discrimination depends on applicant, landlord/apartment, and regional characteristics. To show how this more general methodology can be implemented, we investigate the effects of gender, ethnicity, age, and employment status in the Swedish rental market for apartments. Our results confirm the existence of widespread discrimination against some of the groups, but also show that the degree of discrimination varies substantially with landlord, apartment, and regional characteristics. This heterogeneity highlights the importance of using a broad approach when conducting correspondence studies. Our results also allow us to interpret the nature of discrimination and how it relates to segregation and geographical sorting. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  •  
36.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Do Reported Attitudes towards Immigrants Predict Ethnic Discrimination?
  • 2012
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Reported attitudes towards immigrants are sometimes used as a proxy for ethnic discrimination. However, there is little empirical evidence of a link between attitudes and discrimination. In this paper, we use survey data on people’s attitudes towards immigrants combined with data on ethnic discrimination from a field experiment in the Swedish housing market to re-examine this issue. We find clear evidence of a link between reported attitudes towards immigrants and the extent of ethnic discrimination at the municipality level. Thus, in contrast to most prior studies, our results suggest that reported attitudes may be a useful proxy for ethnic discrimination.
  •  
37.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Ethnic discrimination in the London market for shared accommodation
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: 28th annual congress of the European Economic Association, Gothenburg, August 26-30, 2013. - : European Economic Association & Econometric.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Finding housing in London is a major challenge for most people. Therefore, it has become increasingly common to share an apartment or a house with others. For people with limited financial resources, such as students and even young professionals, this is often one of the few viable types of housing available. Shared accommodation clearly has the potential to mitigate some of the negative consequences that the housing shortage has created. However, studies of housing markets in other countries suggest that ethnic discrimination is common and, thus, a policy-relevant question for London is if shared accommodation is equally available to everyone. In this paper, we study discrimination in the market for shared accommodation against four of the most important ethnic minorities in London: People with Eastern European, Indian, Black African and Arabic backgrounds. To this end, we conducted a field experiment where we e-mailed applications, with a randomly assigned name signalling ethnicity, to more than 5,000 people advertising shared accommodations all over London. Our main finding is that ethnic discrimination is widespread against all the ethnic minorities that we consider: The situation is worst for applicants with an Arabic or Black African background, while applicants with an Eastern European background are least affected and applicants with an Indian background are found somewhere inbetween. Moreover, our results suggest that ethnic discrimination may reinforce the ethnic concentration in London, where ethnic minorities tend to live in certain areas and often separated from the ethnic majority. Finally, our results indicate that – at least a portion of – the discrimination that we find is statistical discrimination. 
  •  
38.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Ethnic discrimination in the London market for shared housing
  • 2013
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Finding housing in London is a major challenge for many people. Therefore, it has become increasingly common to share an apartment or a house with others. Shared accommodation clearly has the potential to mitigate some of the negative consequences that the housing shortage has created. However, studies of housing markets in other countries suggest that ethnic discrimination is common and, thus, a policy-relevant question is if shared accommodation is equally available to everyone. In this paper, we study discrimination in the market for shared accommodation against four of the most important ethnic minorities in London: people with Eastern European, Indian, Black African and Arabic backgrounds. To this end, we conducted a field experiment where we e-mailed applications, with a randomly assigned name signalling ethnicity, to more than 5,000 room advertisers. Our main finding is that ethnic discrimination is widespread against all the ethnic minorities that we consider: The situation is worst for applicants with an Arabic background, while applicants with an Eastern European background are least affected and applicants with a Black African or Indian background are found somewhere in-between. Moreover, our results suggest that ethnic discrimination may reinforce the ethnic concentration in London, where ethnic minorities tend to live in certain areas and often separated from the ethnic majority. Finally, our results indicate that – at least a portion of – the discrimination that we find is statistical discrimination.
  •  
39.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Ethnic Discrimination in the Market for Shared Housing
  • 2013
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In major international cities, the difficulty of finding affordable housing has often resulted in an increased demand for shared housing, i.e. sharing an apartment/house with others. However, a policy-relevant question is if this very informal market is equally available to everyone regardless of ethnic background. To investigate this, we conduct a field experiment in the London market for shared housing. In the experiment, we send fictitious applications, with a randomly assigned name signalling a British, Eastern-European, Indian, African or Arabic background, to more than 5,000 room advertisers. Our main finding is that ethnic discrimination is widespread. The situation is worst for applicants with an Arabic name, while applicants with an Eastern-European name are least affected and applicants with an African or Indian name are found somewhere in-between. Moreover, the results indicate that a substantial fraction of these differences reflects statistical discrimination. Finally, we find that the degree of discrimination varies with the ethnic residential concentration. This suggests that discrimination contributes to maintaining the current situation in London, where ethnic minorities tend to live in certain areas and often separated from the ethnic majority.
  •  
40.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Job search methods and wages : are natives and immigrants different?
  • 2014
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Differences in job search behaviour and access to high quality informal networks may be an important reason why immigrants fare worse than natives in many European labour markets. In this study, we design and conduct a survey of newly hired workers in the Swedish labour market to analyse if there are ethnic differences in the choice of search intensity/methods and in the successful search method for finding the job. We also investigate if the wage and other characteristics of the new job differ depending on the search method resulting in a job. Our data includes very detailed information about the workers’ job search, their informal networks, and the characteristics of their new jobs.We find that immigrants use all search methods more than natives, but that they inparticular rely more on informal search. Moreover, we show that, for immigrants, the search method resulting in a job is more likely to be informal search through their relatives and friends. However, we also find that jobs obtained through this search channel are associated with lower wages.
  •  
41.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Job search methods and wages : are natives and immigrants different?
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In many European labour markets, workers born outside Europe are less successful than natives. A potential explanation for these differences is ethnic differences in job search behaviour and access to high-quality informal networks, but a lack of appropriate data makes it difficult to investigate the importance of this explanation. In this study, we use data from a survey conducted in the Swedish labour market to analyze if there are ethnic differences in the choice of search intensity/methods and in the search method that resulted in a job (the successful search method). Moreover, we investigate if the wage and other characteristics of the new job differ depending on the successful search method. Our data includes detailed information about the workers’ job search and the characteristics of the new job. We find that immigrants use all search methods more intensely than natives, but that they in particular rely more on informal search methods. Moreover, we find that, for immigrants, the successful search method is more likely to be informal search through relatives and friends. However, we also find that jobs found through this search channel are associated with lower wages. One interpretation of these results is that that immigrants perceive their chance of finding a job as so low that they are willing to accept low-paying jobs obtained through their family and friends.
  •  
42.
  • Carlsson, Magnus (författare)
  • Methods for Early Model Validation : Applied on Simulation Models of Aircraft Vehicle Systems
  • 2013
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Simulation  models of physical systems, with or without control software, are widely used in the aeronautic industry in applications ranging from system development to verification and end-user training. With the main drivers of reducing the cost of physical testing and in general enhancing the ability to take early model-based design decisions, there is an ongoing trend of further increasing the portion of modeling and simulation.The work presented in this thesis is focused on development of methodology for model validation, which is a key enabler for successfully reducing the amount of physical testing without compromising safety. Reducing the amount of physical testing is especially interesting in the aeronautic industry, where each physical test commonly represents a significant cost. Besides the cost aspect, it may also be difficult or hazardous to carry out physical testing. Specific to the aeronautic industry are also the relatively long development cycles, implying long periods of uncertainty during product development. In both industry and academia a common viewpoint is that verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification of simulation models are critical activities for a successful deployment of model-based systems engineering. However, quantification of simulation results uncertainty commonly requires a large amount of certain information, and for industrial applications available methods often seem too detailed or tedious to even try. This in total constitutes more than sufficient reason to invest in research on methodology for model validation, with special focus on simplified methods for use in early development phases when system measurement data are scarce.Results from the work include a method supporting early model validation. When sufficient system level measurement data for validation purposes is unavailable, this method provides a means to use knowledge of component level uncertainty for assessment of model top level uncertainty. Also, the common situation of lacking data for characterization of parameter uncertainties is to some degree mitigated. A novel concept has been developed for integrating uncertainty information obtained from component level validation directly into components, enabling assessment of model level uncertainty. In this way, the level of abstraction is raised from uncertainty of component input parameters to uncertainty of component output  characteristics. The method is integrated in a Modelica component library for modeling and simulation of aircraft vehicle systems, and is evaluated in both deterministic and probabilistic frameworks using an industrial application example. Results also include an industrial applicable process for model development, validation, and export, and the concept of virtual testing and virtual certification is discussed.
  •  
43.
  • Cinthio, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of an algorithm for arterial lumen diameter measurements by means of ultrasound.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 48, s. 1133-1140
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have developed an algorithm for arterial luminal diameter measurement by means of ultrasound and evaluated the algorithm on agar vessel phantoms and in vivo. The algorithm utilises relative threshold detection on the inner slopes of the arterial walls before the resolution is improved by solving the equation of a straight line between the samples around the threshold value. Further, correction distances added to compensate for the underestimation when using the inner slopes were found to be 304 mum for the near wall and 415 mum for the far wall. The measured mean diameters of ten consecutive images of 3-, 6- and 9-mm phantoms were 3,006 mum (SD 4), 5,918 mum (SD 1) and 8,936 mum (SD 2), respectively. The mean differences between the images were 0.19, 0.04 and 0.37 mum, respectively. In vivo, the intra- and inter-observer variabilities were -64 mum (2SD 358) and -57 mum (2SD 366), respectively.
  •  
44.
  • Coviello, Andrea D, et al. (författare)
  • A genome-wide association meta-analysis of circulating sex hormone-binding globulin reveals multiple Loci implicated in sex steroid hormone regulation.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 8:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein responsible for the transport and biologic availability of sex steroid hormones, primarily testosterone and estradiol. SHBG has been associated with chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and with hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of 21,791 individuals from 10 epidemiologic studies and validated these findings in 7,046 individuals in an additional six studies. We identified twelve genomic regions (SNPs) associated with circulating SHBG concentrations. Loci near the identified SNPs included SHBG (rs12150660, 17p13.1, p=1.8×10(-106)), PRMT6 (rs17496332, 1p13.3, p=1.4×10(-11)), GCKR (rs780093, 2p23.3, p=2.2×10(-16)), ZBTB10 (rs440837, 8q21.13, p=3.4×10(-09)), JMJD1C (rs7910927, 10q21.3, p=6.1×10(-35)), SLCO1B1 (rs4149056, 12p12.1, p=1.9×10(-08)), NR2F2 (rs8023580, 15q26.2, p=8.3×10(-12)), ZNF652 (rs2411984, 17q21.32, p=3.5×10(-14)), TDGF3 (rs1573036, Xq22.3, p=4.1×10(-14)), LHCGR (rs10454142, 2p16.3, p=1.3×10(-07)), BAIAP2L1 (rs3779195, 7q21.3, p=2.7×10(-08)), and UGT2B15 (rs293428, 4q13.2, p=5.5×10(-06)). These genes encompass multiple biologic pathways, including hepatic function, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and T2D, androgen and estrogen receptor function, epigenetic effects, and the biology of sex steroid hormone-responsive cancers including breast and prostate cancer. We found evidence of sex-differentiated genetic influences on SHBG. In a sex-specific GWAS, the loci 4q13.2-UGT2B15 was significant in men only (men p=2.5×10(-08), women p=0.66, heterogeneity p=0.003). Additionally, three loci showed strong sex-differentiated effects: 17p13.1-SHBG and Xq22.3-TDGF3 were stronger in men, whereas 8q21.12-ZBTB10 was stronger in women. Conditional analyses identified additional signals at the SHBG gene that together almost double the proportion of variance explained at the locus. Using an independent study of 1,129 individuals, all SNPs identified in the overall or sex-differentiated or conditional analyses explained ∼15.6% and ∼8.4% of the genetic variation of SHBG concentrations in men and women, respectively. The evidence for sex-differentiated effects and allelic heterogeneity highlight the importance of considering these features when estimating complex trait variance.
  •  
45.
  • Cronemyr, Peter, et al. (författare)
  • Six Sigma diplomacy - the impact of Six Sigma on national patterns of corporate culture
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : Routledge. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371. ; 25:7-8, s. 827-841
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Taking cultural aspects into account is seldom mentioned as a success factor in implementing Six Sigma. In this paper, we elaborate on the implications of implementing and applying Six Sigma in countries with different national cultures, especially in those with non-American cultures. Based on two longitudinal case studies, we show how to take cultural aspects into account when implementing Six Sigma, and also, how implementing Six Sigma influences the local national culture of the company. We argue that taking different aspects of national cultures into account when implementing Six Sigma within a global organisation will enhance understanding, cooperation and performance of the organisation.
  •  
46.
  • Dannefjord, Per, 1964-, et al. (författare)
  • Punk, klass och karriär
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: ARKIV. Tidskrift för samhällsanalys. - Lund : Arkiv förlag & tidskrift. - 2000-6225 .- 2000-6217. ; 1:1, s. 97-113
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Punken, musikstilen och ungdomsrörelsen som bröt fram under andra halvan av 1970-talet, är samtidigt både omskriven och svår att ringa in. Med sin undersökning av vad punken betytt som socialt sammanhang för dem som var med, lägger Per Dannefjord och Magnus Eriksson en pusselbit till vår förståelse av denna ökända ungdomskultur. I artikeln jämför de den sociala bakgrunden och den nuvarande klasspositionen för den första generationens punkare i Sverige, aktiva mellan 1978 och 1982. Tvärtemot vad olyckskorpar under ”punkeran” trodde, visar det sig att punkarna lyckats bättre vad gäller både utbildningsnivå och social position jämfört med sin generation som helhet. Dannefjord och Eriksson ger två förklaringar till framgången: dels att punkens socialt brokiga sammansättning skapade en miljö där nya möjligheter blev synliga för framför allt ungdomar med arbetarbakgrund; dels att punken erbjöd läroprocesser som gav resurser som kunde utnyttjas i yrkes- och utbildningskarriärer inom framför allt kultursektorn.
  •  
47.
  •  
48.
  •  
49.
  • Eklund, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • The Arabidopsis thaliana STYLISH1 Protein Acts as a Transcriptional Activator Regulating Auxin Biosynthesis
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: The Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 22:2, s. 349-363
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The establishment and maintenance of auxin maxima in vascular plants is regulated by auxin biosynthesis and polar intercellular auxin flow. The disruption of normal auxin biosynthesis in mouse-ear cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana) leads to severe abnormalities, suggesting that spatiotemporal regulation of auxin biosynthesis is fundamental for normal growth and development. We have shown previously that the induction of the SHORT-INTERNODES/STYLISH (SHI/STY) family member STY1 results in increased transcript levels of the YUCCA (YUC) family member YUC4 and also higher auxin levels and auxin biosynthesis rates in Arabidopsis seedlings. We have also shown previously that SHI/STY family members redundantly affect development of flowers and leaves. Here, we further examine the function of STY1 by analyzing its DNA and protein binding properties. Our results suggest that STY1, and most likely other SHI/STY members, are DNA binding transcriptional activators that target genes encoding proteins mediating auxin biosynthesis. This suggests that the SHI/STY family members are essential regulators of auxin-mediated leaf and flower development. Furthermore, the lack of a shoot apical meristem in seedlings carrying a fusion construct between STY1 and a repressor domain, SRDX, suggests that STY1, and other SHI/STY members, has a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apical meristem, possibly by regulating auxin levels in the embryo.
  •  
50.
  • Elmabsout, Ali, et al. (författare)
  • Cloning and functional studies of a splice variant of CYP26B1 : a cellular storage protein for all-trans retinoic acid
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 24:3, s. 345-346
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundAll-trans retinoic acid (atRA) plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression, cell growth and differentiation and is also important for normal cardiovascular development but may in turn be involved in cardiovascular diseases, i.e. atherosclerosis and restenosis. The cellular atRA levels are under strict control involving several cytochromes P450 isoforms (CYPs). CYP26 may be the most important regulator of atRA catabolism in vascular cells. The present study describes the molecular cloning, characterization and function of atRA-induced expression of a spliced variant of the CYP26B1 gene.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe coding region of the spliced CYP26B1 lacking exon 2 was amplified from cDNA synthesized from atRA-treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and sequenced. Both the spliced variant and full length CYP26B1 was found to be expressed in cultured human endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and in normal and atherosclerotic vessel. atRA induced both variants of CYP26B1 in cultured vascular cells. Furthermore, the levels of spliced mRNA transcript were 4.5 times higher in the atherosclerotic lesion compared to normal arteries and the expression in the lesions was increased 20-fold upon atRA treatment. The spliced CYP26B1 still has the capability to degrade atRA, but at an initial rate one-third that of the corresponding full length enzyme. Transfection of COS-1 and THP-1 cells with the CYP26B1 spliced variant indicated either an increase or a decrease in the catabolism of atRA, probably depending on the expression of other atRA catabolizing enzymes in the cells.Conclusions/SignificanceVascular cells express the spliced variant of CYP26B1 lacking exon 2 and it is also increased in atherosclerotic lesions. The spliced variant displays a slower and reduced degradation of atRA as compared to the full-length enzyme. Further studies are needed, however, to clarify the substrate specificity and role of the CYP26B1 splice variant in health and disease.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 222
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (123)
konferensbidrag (53)
bokkapitel (13)
rapport (10)
doktorsavhandling (10)
licentiatavhandling (5)
visa fler...
bok (3)
annan publikation (3)
samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (2)
konstnärligt arbete (2)
visa färre...
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (155)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (59)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (8)
Författare/redaktör
Karlsson, Magnus, 19 ... (17)
Andrekson, Peter, 19 ... (15)
Eriksson, Mikael (12)
Eriksson, Magnus, 19 ... (12)
Eriksson, Magnus (11)
Eriksson, Henrik (11)
visa fler...
Karlsson, Magnus (9)
Eriksson, Fredrik (9)
Ekberg, Joakim (9)
Hultman, Lars (8)
Ohlsson, Claes, 1965 (8)
Eriksson, Olle (8)
Mellström, Dan, 1945 (8)
Lorentzon, Mattias, ... (7)
Carlsson, Magnus, 19 ... (7)
Johannisson, Pontus, ... (7)
Eriksson, Joel (7)
Eriksson, Stefan (7)
Strömgren, Magnus (7)
Holm, Einar (7)
Jerkeman, Mats (6)
Vandenput, Liesbeth, ... (6)
Odén, Magnus (6)
Timpka, Toomas (6)
Agrell, Erik, 1965 (6)
Lehtimäki, Terho (6)
Mörth, Carl-Magnus (6)
Spreco, Armin (6)
Li, Jianqiang, 1983 (6)
Sjöström, Magnus (6)
Ljunggren, Östen (6)
Raitakari, Olli (6)
Gursky, Elin (6)
Eriksson, Anders (5)
Viikari, Jorma (5)
Essand, Magnus (5)
Johansson, Mats (5)
Johansson, Martin (5)
Sjödin, Martin E, 19 ... (5)
Rosén, Johanna (5)
Kähönen, Mika (5)
Humborg, Christoph (5)
Hinkula, Jorma (5)
Bjorkholm, Magnus (5)
Rivadeneira, Fernand ... (5)
Ghafoor, Naureen (5)
Holte, Harald (5)
Tipsuwannakul, Ekawi ... (5)
Eriksson, Magnus, 19 ... (5)
Karlsson, David (5)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Uppsala universitet (38)
Lunds universitet (33)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (30)
Göteborgs universitet (29)
Linköpings universitet (28)
Stockholms universitet (26)
visa fler...
Linnéuniversitetet (25)
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (19)
Karolinska Institutet (18)
Umeå universitet (15)
Mittuniversitetet (6)
Mälardalens universitet (5)
RISE (5)
Högskolan Dalarna (4)
Högskolan i Gävle (3)
Örebro universitet (3)
Jönköping University (3)
Högskolan i Borås (3)
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (3)
Luleå tekniska universitet (2)
Handelshögskolan i Stockholm (2)
Högskolan i Skövde (2)
Röda Korsets Högskola (2)
Högskolan i Halmstad (1)
Malmö universitet (1)
Konstfack (1)
Försvarshögskolan (1)
Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (1)
VTI - Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (199)
Svenska (23)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (60)
Naturvetenskap (47)
Teknik (39)
Samhällsvetenskap (32)
Humaniora (21)
Lantbruksvetenskap (3)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy