| 1. |
- Ank, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Lambda interferon (IFN-lambda), a type III IFN, is induced by viruses and IFNs and displays potent antiviral activity against select virus infections in vivo.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of virology. - 0022-538X. ; 80:9, s. 4501-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type III interferons (IFNs) (interleukin-28/29 or lambda interferon [IFN-lambda]) are cytokines with IFN-like activities. Here we show that several classes of viruses induce expression of IFN-lambda1 and -lambda2/3 in similar patterns. The IFN-lambdas were-unlike alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-induced directly by stimulation with IFN-alpha or -lambda, thus identifying type III IFNs as IFN-stimulated genes. In vitro assays revealed that IFN-lambdas have appreciable antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) but limited activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), whereas IFN-alpha potently restricted both viruses. Using three murine models for generalized virus infections, we found that while recombinant IFN-alpha reduced the viral load after infection with EMCV, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and HSV-2, treatment with recombinant IFN-lambda in vivo did not affect viral load after infection with EMCV or LCMV but did reduce the hepatic viral titer of HSV-2. In a model for a localized HSV-2 infection, we further found that IFN-lambda completely blocked virus replication in the vaginal mucosa and totally prevented development of disease, in contrast to IFN-alpha, which had a more modest antiviral activity. Finally, pretreatment with IFN-lambda enhanced the levels of IFN-gamma in serum after HSV-2 infection. Thus, type III IFNs are expressed in response to most viruses and display potent antiviral activity in vivo against select viruses. The discrepancy between the observed antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo may suggest that IFN-lambda exerts a significant portion of its antiviral activity in vivo via stimulation of the immune system rather than through induction of the antiviral state.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Innovationer gynnas av både konkurrens och samarbete
- 2008
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Ingår i: Marknadsorientering. - : Liber AB Malmö. - 9789147088928 ; , s. 239-256
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- De myter som diskuteras i detta kapitel är att antingen konkurrens eller samarbete utgör det bästa receptet för att stödja innovationsprocesser.En orsak till att myterna fått så stor genomslagskraft är att konkurrens och samarbete sällan diskuteras kopplat till vad somutgör innovativa processer, nämligen förmogan att utforska och exploatera nya idéer. Det är därför viktigt att man avfärdar de båda myterna och istället inser att konkurrens och samarbete pågår samtidigt, så kallad coopetition.Både konkurrens och samarbete kan stimulera och försvåra innovativa processer om än på olika sätt under olika delar av den innovativa processen. I kapitlet visas med hjälp av några praktiska exempel hur olika kombinationer av konkurrens och samarbete stimulerar förmågan att utforska respektive exploatera nya idéer.
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| 6. |
- Brodin, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture Mechanical Modelling of a Plasma Sprayed TBC System
- 2009
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Ingår i: Advanced Ceramic Coatings and Interfaces IV. - Westerville, OH, United States : American Ceramic Society Inc.. - 9780470457535 ; , s. 113-124
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thermal barrier coating (TBC) system subjected to thermal cycling will develop a microcrack partem near the interface between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic top coat. These small cracks link up and form internal TBC delaminations during repeated heating / cooling. After a longer time period, the internal delamination cracks will form a larger spallation damage, where the TBC is detached from the underlying material. Since cracks are initiated in multiple sites of the thermal barrier coating, the damage is initially considered to be governed by local stress conditions. The purpose of the present work is to compare experimental data with predictions of a physically based fatigue life model. The present study has been performed on plasma-sprayed TBCs where the interface geometry has been varied. In the present work, calculation of fatigue life is done for a number of cases under thermal fatigue loading. Different interface geometries are compared in order to understand the influence of variations in the TC/BC interface roughness on oxidation behaviour and thermal fatigue life. Thermal fatigue tests indicate that an increased surface roughness is beneficial from a fatigue life point of view.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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The Need to Document
- 2005
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Johan, 1969-
(författare)
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Heidegger och filosofins metod : Om den filosofiska artikulationens och den filosofiska insiktens karaktär eller En introduktion till fenomenologin
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Phenomenology is a philosophical method created by Edmund Husserl at the beginning of the last century. In general terms, phenomenology is a way of investigating meaning, where ”meaning” is the most formal concept describing the way the world (with its different kind of objects) is given in every kind of experience.The most influential development and modification of Husserl’s phenomenology is to be found in the works of his disciple Martin Heidegger. In Heidegger’s magnum opus Sein und Zeit we can read that philosophy in its most original sense is ontology, and ontology is only possible in the form of phenomenology.Heidegger, however, never gave a systematic and explicit account of the phenomenological method of ontology. The ambition of this study is to read the ontological investigation of the being of man (or the being of ”Dasein”) which Heidegger develops in Sein und Zeit, as an investigation which ultimate purpose is to give ontology its own methodological self-consciousness. More specifically, on the basis of Heidegger’s investigations into Dasein’s being, together with the explicit methodological discussions which can be found both in Sein und Zeit and in the lecture-courses Heidegger gave before and around the time of that work, the ambition of this study is to try to reconstruct and unfold a systematic analysis of Heidegger’s phenomenological method. This analysis is thus centered around questions such as: Given the fact that the philosophical research does not seek knowledge about something which can be found anywhere in the world, how does philosophy gain access to its own thematic ”object”? How does philosophy ground and prove? What characterizes philosophical knowledge? And most importantly: what characterizes that peculiar form of articulation and conceptuality which in a genuine way tries to mediate and generate knowledge about something which ”is” not?
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| 15. |
- Eriksson, Sören
(författare)
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Cluster creation and innovation within an emerging Taiwanese high-tech sector
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation. - 1470-6075 .- 1741-5284. ; 5:3, s. 208-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper investigates in what way and to what extent Taiwan has been able to develop a commercial aerospace industry and the formation of an internationally competitive supplier system, i.e. high-tech cluster. The development of such an industry has been much more difficult than expected. Since the late 1990s there have been signs that a supplier system is under development, but there are great challenges ahead, amid a fierce international competition.
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| 16. |
- Eriksson, Sören, 1953-
(författare)
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Clusters : A Survey of Research within Localized Economic Growth
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper explores the nature and development of research in localized growth, focusing on the development of economic and industrial clusters. The renewed interest in agglomeration and localized economic growth research has come from a variety of disciplines, but ideas and thoughts about local thickening have a much older origin. Research in local agglomeration and embeddedness crosses through expressions such as cluster, industrial districts, innovative milieu and networks. ‘Internal’ versus ‘external’ influences, weaknesses of research, definitions and new approaches of research in clusters are also discussed. Not all spatial agglomerations of firms in the same or related sectors necessarily comprise a cluster.
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| 17. |
- Eriksson, Sören, 1953-
(författare)
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Development of a conceptual model for an integrated logistics cluster: a case of Jönköping, Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics Economics and Globalisation. - : Inderscience. - 1741-5373 .- 1741-5381. ; Vol. 2:No. 1, s. 77-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The profound changes in the world economy in the last few decades accompanied by the duality of de-territorialising and territorialising forces has seen an increased interest in localised growth in the spatial economy. This pilot study deals with identifying an emerging logistics cluster in Jönköping, Sweden, by using qualitative and quantitative measures. Based on these findings a conceptual model is developed which can be a basis for further studies of logistics clusters. There is a need for further research on such clusters, especially their role in a global-local context as well as from supply-chain perspectives.
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| 19. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Eriksson, Sören
(författare)
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Näringsliv
- 2007
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Ingår i: Jönköpings kommuns historia. - Lund : Historiska Media. - 9789185507207
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 23. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Eriksson, Sören
(författare)
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State Policy for Technological Innovation in East Asia : A comparative study of South Korea and Taiwan
- 2005
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Ingår i: Asian Geographer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1022-5706 .- 2158-1762. ; 24:1 & 2, s. 61-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- South Korea and Taiwan are two of the most prominent examples of newly industrializing economies which have been remarkably successful during the last three decades. This paper gives an overview of South Koreas’s and Taiwan’s development and innovation policies, and compare between these two economies’ main strengths and weaknesses regarding innovation and technology. Conclusions drawn show that there are similiarities as well as differences in the innovation systems in the two economies. The role of the state has been fundamental in South Korea’s and Taiwan’s economic and industrial development. In South Korea there has been very strong ties between the chaebols and the state. The chaebols have been the greatest strenght of Korea’s innovation system, while the there is a lack of interplay between universities and the private sector. The role of the state in Taiwan has concentraded more on creating supporting institutions that have focused on building human resources, acquiring technology from abroad, creating science and technology capacities. In Taiwan it seems that there are more developed mechanisms to transfer research results from public research establishments to the industry, especially SMEs. The industrial policy in Taiwan has supported a rather close cooperation between industry and the state and increased connection between universities and the state. The weakest links seem to be between universities and the industry.
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| 27. |
- Eriksson, Sören, 1953-
(författare)
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Technology Policies in East and Southeast Asia : Creating a New Global Structure in the Aircraft Industry
- 2003
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Ingår i: Asian Geographer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1022-5706 .- 2158-1762. ; 22:1-2, s. 169-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper shows that a deliberate policy, in the process from labour-intensive to more knowledge-intensive sectors, among developing and newly industrializing economies in East and Southeast Asia, has created a large number of subcontracting links within in the international aircraft manufacturing industry. A main reason for this development is the tool of offset, which shows that this “benefit” technique has been formalised in aircraft procurement program as part of an acquisition process. The most successful examples are China (P.R.C) and South Korea. The study also shows that up to 1995 there have been no intra-regional subcontracting links within airframe manufacturing. The future success of these technology transfer links, at the destination level, is determined among other things, by the strategy of the sourcing company as well as the installation of technology of the receiving company.
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| 32. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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"Distributed proton radiation therapy"--a new concept for advanced competence support.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 45:8, s. 1094-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased interest in high precision radiation therapy is to a large extent driven by the potential of modern imaging technology. The aim of this project was to analyse how an expensive proton facility best could support a multi-centre health care system. We have developed a model for distributed expert collaboration where all clinical experts will work close to their patients in regional centres. Patients who are candidates for proton therapy will be examined and dose-planned at their regional clinic, discussed in a fully information supported video conference and digitally made available at the proton treatment facility. The proton facility itself will be placed near a communication centre easily reached by all patients where they will be treated under full responsibility of their own physician at the home clinic. This concept has been analysed in detail both with respect to the overall functionality and with respect to possible weaknesses. It was found that the concept of distributed radiation therapy, as proposed here, will offer a stable clinical solution for advanced radiation therapy. It will support the spread of knowledge, serve as a fully developed backup system and the concept will further serve as an efficient base for clinical research.
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| 33. |
- Kvarnbäck, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Sånglärkor på trädor Skylarks on set-aside land : en fältundersökning av häckning i östra Mellansverige och kopplingen till vegetation och putsningsstrategier
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport baseras huvudsakligen på en undersökning av fågellivet på trädor som genomfördes på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket under vår och sommar 2005. Resultat från en undersökning av fågellivet på ekologiskt odlade trädor/gröngödslingsgrödor som pågick parallellt, redovisas också för jämförelse och utökat dataunderlag. Även resultat från 2004 i ovannämnda ekoprojekt samt utländska undersökningar refereras. Totalt undersöktes 19 trädor (4 stubbträdor, 4 långliggande trädor och 13 ekoträdor/gröngödslingsgrödor) samt 4 vårsädesfält i slätt- och mellanbygd i östra Mellansverige under april- augusti 2005. Fokus i undersökningen låg på sånglärkan, eftersom det är den överlägset talrikaste arten på trädor i öppen terräng, och samtidigt en art som hastigt minskat de senaste 30 åren och nu är rödlistad. Sånglärkans revirtäthet och häckningsframgång undersöktes och andra parametrar som vegetationens täthet, höjd och sammansättning graderas, liksom vilka odlingsåtgärder som gjordes på fälten. Sånglärkor utgjorde ca 90 % av de häckande fåglarna på trädorna. Övriga arter som hävdade revir ute på trädorna var ängspiplärka, gulärla och vaktel samt i kantzonen buskskvätta och rapphöna. Revirtätheten av sånglärkor på trädorna var i genomsnitt hög - mycket hög, ca 0,8 par/ha, men variationen var stor mellan fält. Fältets placering i landskapet visade sig ha större betydelse för tätheten av lärkor än vad som odlas/växer på fältet. Det innebär att en träda som ligger omgiven av skog helt kommer att sakna häckande sånglärkor medan ett spannmålsfält kan ha en hög täthet av sånglärkerevir om det ligger i ett öppet landskap utan mycket skog och tät bebyggelse. Lärkorna visade en låg häckningsframgång och producerade endast 0,67 flygfärdiga kullar/revir i snitt. Enligt våra beräkningar är det inte tillräckligt för att ersätta de fåglar som dör under vinterhalvåret. Den låga häckningsframgången är troligen en viktig orsak till sånglärkans minskning, men det krävs fördjupade studier för att slå fast detta samband. En orsak till låg häckningsframgång var att vegetation på flera av fälten med vårsäd och långliggande träda blev för täta fram i juni för att passa sånglärkorna. Även flera av gröngödslingsträdorna var alltför täta men putsades i juni varefter tätheten och framförallt vegetationshöjden minskade. Stubbträdorna förblev dock glesa och tilltalande för sånglärkor under hela säsongen. På stubbträdorna var istället tidig brytning av trädan, i månadsskiftet juni-juli ett större problem för lärkorna. Ett annat hot mot sånglärkorna på trädor är upprepad putsning, och jordbearbetning, under lärkornas häckningssäsong, som infaller ca 1 maj – 1 augusti i vårt studieområde i Mälardalen. Vid ett experiment med konstgjorda bon i ett tidigare försök förstördes hälften av bona vid putsning, därtill ökade predationen efter putsning. I årets studie lyckades dock många lärkor med omhäckningarna på tidigt (1 juni) putsade gröngödslingsträdor. För att öka häckningsframgången hos sånglärkor tyder våra undersökningar på att de behöver erbjudas fler fält i ett öppet landskap med: A) En gles och/eller luckig vegetation, där sånglärkorna förmår att söka och hitta föda. B) Längre sammanhängande perioder (minst 5-6 veckor) under lärkornas häckningssäsong då fältet och vegetationen inte bearbetas.
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| 38. |
- Tingberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-observer variation in masked and unmasked images for quality evaluation of clinical radiographs.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 114:1-3, s. 62-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of masking on the inter-observer variation in image quality evaluation of clinical radiographs of chest and lumbar spine. BACKGROUND: Inter-observer variation is a big problem in image quality evaluation since this variation is often much bigger than the variation in image quality between, for example, two radiographic systems. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of masking on the inter-observer variation. The idea of the masking was to force every observer to view exactly the same part of the image and to avoid the effect of the overall 'first impression' of the image. A discussion with a group of European expert radiologists before the study indicated that masking might be a good way to reduce the inter-observer variation. METHODS: Five chest and five lumbar spine radiographs were collected together with detailed information regarding exposure conditions. The radiographs were digitised with a high-performance scanner and five different manipulations were performed, simulating five different exposure conditions. The contrast, noise and spatial resolution were manipulated by this method. The images were printed onto the film and the individual masks were produced for each film, showing only the parts of the images that were necessary for the image quality evaluation. The quality of the images was evaluated on ordinary viewing boxes by a large group of experienced radiologists. The images were examined with and without the masks with a set of image criteria (if fulfilled, 1 point; and not fulfilled, 0 point), and the mean score was calculated for each simulated exposure condition. RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that-contrary to what was supposed-the inter-observer variation increased when the images were masked. In some cases, especially for chest, this increase was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, image masking in studies of fulfilment of image criteria cannot be recommended.
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| 39. |
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