| 1. |
- Ahmed, Abubeker, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Full scale accelerated pavement tests to evaluate the performance of permeable and skeletal soil block pavement systems
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The Roles of Accelerated Pavement Testing in Pavement Sustainability. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319427973 - 9783319427966 ; , s. 131-144
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increasing proportion of paved surface due to urbanization means that the conditions for urban trees and vegetation to survive have deteriorated. Factors such as air pollution, poor drainage, and the lack of usable soil for root growth contribute to the short life expectancy of urban trees. To meet this challenge, several permeable and "structural" or "skeletal soils" have been developed as alternatives to the typical compacted soil required to bear the weight of vehicular traffic in urban areas. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the resistance to permanent deformation of permeable and skeletal soil pavement structures based on full scale accelerated pavement tests (APT) using a heavy vehicle simulator (HVS). Interlocking paving stones of various types were used as permeable surface layer for the test structures. The results demonstrated that the permeable test structures exhibited higher permanent deformation than the corresponding impervious structures. The skeletal soil with bituminous base layer, however, produced performance comparable to the impervious reference test structures.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ahmed, Abubeker W, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of longer and heavier vehicles on the performance of asphalt pavements : A laboratory study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, BCRRA 2017. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9781138295957 ; , s. 483-490
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historically, Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) have been permitted to operate in Sweden. Since 1996 and as of the beginning of 2015, the maximum gross vehicle weight of 60 tons and a length of up to 25.25 m have been permitted. The Swedish Transport Administration has decided to further increase the maximum gross vehicle weight to 74 tons and studies are undergoing to evaluate the impact of the proposed LHVs on existing transport infrastructure. To this end, repeated load triaxial tests and indirect tensile fatigue tests were conducted on selected conventional asphalt mixtures to investigate and quantify the impact of single, tandem and tridem axle configurations on permanent deformation and fatigue performances of conventional asphalt pavements. In addition, fatigue tests for selected LHV scenarios were conducted. This paper presents the results of the laboratory tests and simulations conducted. The test results have clearly demonstrated the impact of the different axle configurations on the rutting and fatigue performances of the mixture. Furthermore, such results can explain the significance of axle configuration on modelling the rutting and fatigue performances of asphalt pavements.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ahmed, Abubeker W, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of tire types and configurations on responses of a thin pavement structure
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction. - London : CRC Press. - 9781138313095 ; , s. 271-274
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to assess the impact of tire and tire configurations on the responses of a thin asphalt pavement structure by means of full-scale tests using a Heavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS). A total of six different types of tires, four single and two dual tire configurations, were investigated. The structure was instrumented to measure tensile strains at the bottom of the asphalt layer and vertical stresses and strains in the unbound base, subbase and subgrade layers. The results indicated that, in general, single tire configurations produced higher tensile strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer and higher vertical stresses and strains in unbound base, subbase and subgrade layers.
|
|
| 4. |
- Canon Falla, Gustavo, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of unbound granular materials within a mechanistic design framework for low volume roads
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Transportation Geotechnics. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2214-3912. ; 13, s. 2-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unbound granular materials (UGM), used in base and subbase layers, play a major role in the structural performance of low volume roads (LVR) with a thin asphalt surface layer. A prerequisite for a proper design of such roads is the development of reliable testing techniques to simulate the behavior of UGMs under conditions similar to those that occur when subjected to traffic. Therefore, there is a need for simple and economical test methods to characterize the mechanical behavior of UGM under the action of high traffic loads. This paper presents a methodology for the experimental characterization of UGMs with a focus on mechanistic design. The results of a test campaign aimed at characterizing the elastic and plastic behavior of UGM are shown. The laboratory tests were performed using a new volumetric compaction tests and the triaxial test. Based on the results of the tests, a new classification method for UGMs intended to be used in the base course of thin asphalt pavements is suggested.
|
|
| 5. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Characteristic of unbound granular materials and subgrades based on multi stage RLT testing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Transportation Geotechnics. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2214-3912. ; 13, s. 28-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unbound granular layers (UGM's) and the subgrade of a pavement structure provide a significant support for the structure as a whole. Hence the mechanical properties of these materials are important for the overall performance of the structure. These materials exhibit both non-linear stress dependency and their mechanical properties are highly affected by their moisture content. This paper describes two of the most important material properties of the unbound layers of the pavements, i.e. the resilient and the permanent deformation properties. The stress dependency of UGMs can be captured by the universal model or the enhanced model by Cary and Zapata (2011) for materials with high fine content. The Bishop's effective stress approach can be used for high fine content materials for estimating the effect of suction. UGMs and subgrade materials are further highly dependent on moisture content. Either the AASHTO sigmoidal model can be used to describe the moisture dependency or the simple exponential model described in this paper. The paper further discusses four models to characterize the accumulation of permanent deformation with the number of load repetitions in repeated load triaxial (RLT) testing. The models are all developed to fit single stage (SS) RLT test results but have been extended to fit multi-stage (MS) RLT test results with the aid of the time hardening scheme. The advantage of the MS RLT tests over the SS RLT tests is that it applies a range of stress paths on a single specimen, thus taking into account the effect of stress history and reducing the time and effort required to test a separate specimen for each stress path.
|
|
| 6. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-
(författare)
-
Geotechnical challenges in Iceland
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 17th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, ECSMGE 2019 - Proceedings. - : International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. - 9789935943613 ; , s. 27-51
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The geotechnical challenges in Iceland are in many aspects unusual. The geological setting of the country is unique and has a great influence on the local geotechnical conditions. Iceland lies on the divergent boundary between the Eurasian plate and the North American plate formed by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This has created a landmass with active volcanoes, geothermal areas and zones of high seismicity. The bedrock is relatively young and mainly basaltic. It has been built up of relatively thin lava layers during eruptions. It is frequently highly jointed with irregular interlayers. The horizontal stresses in the rock mass are furthermore very low. The soil layers consist mainly of non-cohesive materials, often created in catastrophic events such as glacial floods, and are therefore often loosely packed. This paper gives a short overview of the geotechnical conditions in the country and additionally describes several geotechnical engineering projects. Some geotechnical challenges due to climate change will also be briefly discussed. © The authors and IGS: All rights reserved, 2019
|
|
| 7. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanistic rutting modelling of a LTPP road structure
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Pavement and Asset Management. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9780367209896 ; , s. 241-249
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) approach is under development to predict the structural degradation of road structures as a function of time. The aim is that the method will become one of the backbones in a new pavement asset management system. The calculation scheme is based two main steps; i) a response calculation step for the different traffic loads applied taking into account the ambient climate and ii) a performance prediction step where pavement degradation is predicted in time steps and thereafter accumulated over the entire design period of the pavement structure. The paper describes the approach briefly and is thereafter demonstrated by a calculation of the degradation of an arterial road in Southern Sweden and compared with measurements from the Swedish Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. The arterial road had reached the critical 15 mm rut after 18 years in operation. The analysis shows that the rutting development can be simulated adequately although the calculations show slower rate than the measurements towards the end of the simulated period.
|
|
| 8. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Responses and performance of flexible pavements in cold climate due to heavy vehicle loading
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, BCRRA 2017. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9781138295957 ; , s. 451-457
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four instrumented test road structures have been built in northern Sweden about 100 km north of the Arctic Circle. The climate consists of cold winters and mild summers with a long spring thaw period. The pavement structures differs in material quality ranging from conventional to polymer modified structures. The objective of the test structures is to see the difference in their behaviour and performance due to the heavy loading in the ambient artic climate. Each test section is instrumented that includes pressure cells and strain sensors that measure the pavement response to external loading. Climatic variables are further monitored through a weather station as well as temperature and moisture sensors installed in the road structure. Response measurements have been carried out using 90 tons vehicles consisting of a single wheel steering axle, and triple dual wheel tridem axles. Rutting development has been monitored through four years showing some difference between the structures rutting development.
|
|
| 9. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Stiffness of sandy sites using the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves method
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ICSMGE 2017. - : 19th ICSMGE Secretariat. ; , s. 593-597
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is seismic exploration method to evaluate shear wave velocity profiles of near-surface soil materials based on analysis of horizontally travelling Rayleigh waves. The MASW method has been applied at four loose sandy sites in South Iceland providing shear wave velocity (VS) profiles for the uppermost 25 m at each site. The VS-profile obtained for one of the test sites was compared to empirical profiles estimated on the bases of CPT measurements carried out at the site. The results indicate that the MASW profile corresponds adequately well to the empirical estimations, strengthening the results obtained by MASW. However, further comparison of MASW and CPT data is needed in order to evaluate the overall applicability of existing CPT-VS correlations at Icelandic sand sites.
|
|
| 10. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Testplatser för 74 ton tunga fordon : två instrumenterade tunna vägkonstruktioner
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport beskriver i korthet installeringen av vägteknisk instrumentering samt klimatsensorer på två testplatser i Norrbottens län. Båda testplatserna kan klassas som tunna vägöverbyggnader. Den ena strukturen ligger längs Lv373 strax öster om Långträsk och den andra på Lv515 strax söder om korsningen vid Lv373. Huvudsyftet med testplatserna är att få bättre information om hur de nya 74 ton tunga fordonen påverkar vägarna. Detta skall göras genom att mäta konstruktionernas respons vid passerande lastbilar och vid belastning med fallviktsapparat.Den vägtekniska instrumenteringen består av töjningsgivare i tvärgående samt längsgående riktning för bestämning av dragtöjning i beläggningens underkant samt vertikala töjningsgivare för att bestämma varje lagers trycktöjning. Dessutom är spänningsmätare inlagda i överbyggnaden för att mäta den vertikala spänningen på två nivåer. Datainsamling om det lokala klimatet görs med hjälp av tjäl- och fuktstav samt temperaturgivare i beläggningen. En SMHI väderstation ligger omkring 15 km nordnordöst om testplatserna och trafikverket har en VViS-station som ligger längs Lv373 öster om testplatserna. De första responsmätningarna är planerade under sommaren 2018.
|
|
| 11. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Svappavaara road test sections : field coring and laboratory tests
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes laboratory testing of specimens taken from four new instrumented test road sections that have been built on E45 close to the Svappavaara municipality in Norrbotten County in Northern Sweden. The structures are located about 100 km north of the Arctic Circle in a climate that is characterized by long cold winters and short mild summers. The four test sections were built in a conventional manner. Each structure is about 200–250-metre-long with a central 100-metre-long part defined as the actual test section. All structures are in total 60 centimetres in thickness resting on top of a 70-centimetre-thick old existing road. The bitumen bound part of all the four structures consists of four layers; a thin surface course layer, two binder layers and a road base layer. All structures have the same wearing course, TSK 16 with a standard 160/220 penetration grade bitumen. The main difference between the structures lies in the binder as well as the two road base layers. As a part of the monitoring programme drilled asphalt specimens were taken in 2013 from the road structure and tested at VTI's material testing laboratory in Linköping. Furthermore, samples were taken from the unbound base course and tested. This report presents the test results for asphalt bound layers as well as for the unbound base course. For the bound layers the testing procedure included volumetric properties, stiffness modulus and fatigue tests for the different types of conventional and polymer modified asphalt mixtures. The tests were conducted in accordance with the Swedish or the equivalent European standards. For the unbound base course fundamental properties were estimated as well as stiffness and permanent deformation properties for different moisture contents.
|
|
| 12. |
- Erlingsson, Sigurdur, 1960-
(författare)
-
Tunga trafikens samhällsekonomiska kostnader : accelererade tester av tre vägkonstruktioner
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Regeringen (Näringsdepartementet) har gett VTI uppdraget att ta fram och uppdatera kunskapsunderlag om trafikens samhällsekonomiska kostnader. En del i detta arbete är att ta fram ett säkrare underlag om effektsambanden mellan trafiklast (axellast) och nedbrytning av vägkonstruktioner.I denna rapport redogörs för undersökningar av effektsamband mellan axellaster och nedbrytning av vägkonstruktioner för tre vägtyper (konstruktioner) som testas med en lastbilssimulator (Heavy Vehicle Simulator, HVS) där tre olika lastnivåer, 40, 50 och 60 kN (motsvarande 8, 10 och 12 tons axellaster), har används för att undersöka lastnivåens inverkan på nedbrytningen. Konstruktionerna har olika bärighet där den första är starkast (tjockast överbyggnad) och den sista vekast (tunnaste överbyggnaden). Som ett mått på nedbrytningen har utnyttjats lutning i tillväxt i spårdjup när man har passerat den initiala (exponentiella) tillväxten och den kan uppskattas som att den ökar linjärt med antal överfarter. Spårdjup har använts som mått på nedbrytningen eftersom det ansågs som den mest relevanta nedbrytningsmekanismen för dessa relativt tunna vägkonstruktioner. Jämförelse med fjärde potensregeln har sedan gjorts som en grund för skattningen. Försöken har utförts i VTI:s testhall i Linköping under konstanta klimatförhållanden för att minska antal variabler och renodla resultaten.
|
|
| 13. |
- Ólafsdóttir, Elin Ásta, et al.
(författare)
-
Application of MASW in the South Iceland seismic zone
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering. - Cham : Springer Netherlands. ; , s. 53-66
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is a seismic exploration method to evaluate shear wave velocity profiles of near-surface materials. MASW was applied at seven locations in or close to the South Iceland Seismic Zone, providing shear wave velocity profiles for the top-most 15–25 m. The profiles were utilized for seismic soil classification according to Eurocode 8. The results indicated that the sites that are characterized by sandy glaciofluvial, littoral or alluvial sediments fall into category C and the sites where the deposits are cemented to some degree belong to category B. Furthermore, the MASW measurements were used to evaluate the liquefaction potential at a site where liquefaction sand boils were observed during an Mw6.3 earthquake occurring in May 2008. The simplified procedure of assessing cyclic stress ratio to normalized shear wave velocity revealed that liquefaction had occurred down to 3–4 m depth, which is consistent with observations on site.
|
|
| 14. |
- Olafsdottir, Elin Asta, et al.
(författare)
-
Combination of dispersion curves from MASW measurements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0267-7261 .- 1879-341X. ; 113, s. 473-487
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) is a seismic exploration method for determination of near-surface shear wave velocity profiles based on analysis of horizontally travelling Rayleigh waves. This paper aims to propose a methodology and recommendations for combining dispersion data from several multichannel records. The dispersion curves are added up within logarithmically spaced wavelength intervals and the uncertainty of the mean phase velocity estimates is evaluated by using classical statistics and the bootstrap. The results indicate that combining multiple dispersion curves, which have been gathered by receiver spreads of different lengths (but with the same midpoint), can increase the investigation depth of the survey, improve its resolution at shallow depth and overall improve the reliability of the results as compared to the use of a single record. Moreover, the uncertainty of the combined mean dispersion curve can be determined and further used to present the shear wave velocity profile with upper and lower boundaries.
|
|
| 15. |
- Rahman, Mohammad Shafiqur, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Model for Predicting Permanent Deformation of Unbound Granular Materials
- 2015
-
Ingår i: International Journal on Road Materials and Pavement Design. - UK : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1468-0629 .- 2164-7402. ; 16:3, s. 653-673
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple model has been proposed to characterize the accumulation of permanent deformation (PD) in Unbound Granular Materials (UGMs) under cyclic loading of variable magnitudes. The model was developed based on Multi-Stage (MS) Repeated-Load Triaxial (RLT) tests. The material parameters of this model can be evaluated using an MS RLT test. The model was validated by calibrating it for a few UGMs with a range of grain size distributions, moisture contents and degrees of compaction. The calibrated model was further validated by predicting the PD behaviour of some of these UGMs for different stress conditions. Generally, quite satisfactory predictions were obtained with this model with the advantage of reduced effort required for its calibration compared to some existing models. Additionally, the sensitivity of the parameters of this model to moisture, degree of compaction and grain size distribution was investigated with the aim of incorporating them into the model in future.
|
|
| 16. |
- Rahman, Mohammad Shafiqur, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of the permanent deformation properties of open-graded permeable unbound granular materials
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Pavement and Asset Management - Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, WCPAM 2017. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9780367209896 ; , s. 105-114
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open-Graded (OG) Unbound Granular Materials (UGMs) are generally used in permeable pavement constructions. In this study, the Permanent Deformation (PD) characteristics of two OG UGMs were investigated by means of Multistage (MS) Repeated- Load Triaxial (RLT) tests. The influence of moisture on the PD behavior was also investigated. Compared to a few standard UGMs, these OG UMGs exhibited slightly lower resistance against PD in relatively dry state. On the other hand, these materials were less sensitive to moisture. Therefore, at higher moisture content, the OG UGMs and the standard UGMs showed identical PD behavior. Furthermore, the accumulation of PD was modelled using a simple model which may be used for prediction of rutting, estimating bearing capacity, and for layer thickness design, using a suitable pavement design software.
|
|
| 17. |
- Rahman, Mohammad Shafiqur, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Stiffness and permanent deformation characteristics of open-graded unbound granular materials
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, BCRRA 2017. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9781138295957 ; , s. 151-157
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the investigation of the deformation characteristics of two Open-Graded (OG) Unbound Granular Materials (UGMs) that are generally used in permeable pavement structures. Based on multistage Repeated-Load Triaxial (RLT) tests, the stiffness and resistance against Permanent Deformation (PD) of these materials were compared to their well graded (standard) counterparts. The OG UGMs showed similar stiffness characteristics as standard UGMs. On the other hand, the resistance against PD was slightly worse than the standard UGMs in a relatively dry state. However, the OG UGMs showed less sensitivity to moisture variation, yielding similar performance to that of standard materials at higher moisture content. The parameters of a stiffness model and a PD model were evaluated for these materials which may be used for prediction of rutting, estimating bearing capacity and for layer thickness design, using any suitable pavement design software.
|
|
| 18. |
- Schmidt, Franziska, et al.
(författare)
-
FALCON II: Input For A European PBS Definition : Review Of Vehicle Legislations And Infrastructure Design Criteria
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, the regulation on weights and dimensions of trucks are complex : European rules are given by EC Directive 96/53/EC as modified by Directive (EU) 2015/719 [1]. These rules apply for international traffic, but countries can decide to add specific national rules. Moreover, these rules are often different from one country to another, due to policy choices and local history. More specifically, the impact of trucks on infrastructure has not always been the primary fact for defining these rules. But in other countries or other research domains, performance based standards (PBS) are used to determine what is allowed, in terms of performance. For example, vehicles may be allowed in terms of their induced damage on bridges (Bridge Formula, see [2]) or dynamic behavior (PBS as in Australia for example). In another context, materials and structures are now often defined in calls for tender in terms of performance (durability, resistance for example). In this context, the work package (WP) C (Fit for purpose road vehicles to influence modal choice) of CEDR project FALCON (Freight And Logistics in a multimodal CONtext) aims at developing Performance Based Standards [3]. For that, the first step is to create a state-of-the art of the European situation concerning vehicle policy and infrastructure. This paper summarizes this work: the first section gives insight on the European vehicle policy. The second section presents the infrastructure catalogue developed within the FALCON project. Finally, these infrastructure elements are characterized in terms of design criteria in Section 3.
|
|
| 19. |
- Vieira, Tiago, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Acoustical performance of winter tyres on in-service road surfaces
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Applied Acoustics. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0003-682X .- 1872-910X. ; 153, s. 30-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to excessively high noise levels is a relevant health problem in Europe and road traffic noise is the most widespread noise source. When considering cold climate countries, the available scientific literature on noise emission properties of winter tyres is still very limited. In order to contribute into filling this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the acoustical performance of different types of tyres, with focus on winter tyres, on different road surfaces, at different speeds, and with different states of wear. The results indicate that studded winter tyres have, indeed, an increased noise level at frequencies between 315 Hz and 10 kHz, having a significantly different response especially at frequencies higher than 4 kHz. The acoustical response also depends on the tyre type when comparing different road surfaces, as a result of conflicting vibrational and aerodynamic noise generation mechanisms. Additionally, the relationship between labelled and measured values was explored, however, no statistically significant relationship was found between them (and labelling is not applied for studded tyres). A frequency spectrum correction was attempted based on previous measurements on an ISO track, which reduced the difference between measured and labelled values, however, further investigation is still required to properly understand differences between label and road measurements, where the label is determined on a test track with a special, smooth surface.
|
|
| 20. |
- Vieira, Tiago, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Porous pavement for reduced tyre/road noise and improved air quality - Initial results from a case study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, ICSV 2019. - : Canadian Acoustical Association. - 9781999181000
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One possible solution to reduce noise resulting from tyre-pavement interaction is to use a porous pavement surface. A porous surface will reduce noise by decreasing air pressure gradients in the tyre-pavement contact as well as by decreasing the acoustical impedance of the road surface and reducing the horn effect. While reducing noise, other functional aspects of a pavement such as abrasion wear which impacts on air pollution through generation and suspension of particles, friction and rolling resistance need to be addressed. This paper analyses the acoustical behaviour of a Double Layered Porous Asphalt (DLPA), applied in the city of Linköping, Sweden, as a solution to mitigate noise, compared to a non-porous Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) pavement used as reference. The analysis is based on Close Proximity noise measurements, both in absolute value and as frequency spectra, acoustical homogeneity over the surface length and sound absorption measurements. The acoustic analysis is combined with analyses of air quality measurements of PM10 (Particulate Matter with aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm) from two Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) measurement stations placed near each different pavement section. The initial results indicate that the porous pavement results in a noise reduction of up to 5 dB for light vehicles, and up to 4 dB for heavy vehicles. So far, the DPLA shows approximately 52 % lower PM10 concentrations than the SMA. It should be noted that PM10 is influenced also by meteorological conditions, like humidity, background sources as well as vehicle properties, e.g. use of studded tyres, and that some of the observed decrease can be due to other aspects than porosity e.g. road surface moisture and wind direction. In conclusion, the use of a porous pavement shows promising results from both acoustical and air quality aspects, given the initial, short term results
|
|
