| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool children living in joint physical custody arrangements show less psychological symptoms than those living mostly or only with one parent
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:2, s. 294-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Joint physical custody (JPC), where children spend about equal time in both parent's homes after parental separation, is increasing. The suitability of this practice for preschool children, with a need for predictability and continuity, has been questioned.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we used data on 3656 Swedish children aged three to five years living in intact families, JPC, mostly with one parent or single care. Linear regression analyses were conducted with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, completed by parents and preschool teachers, as the outcome measure.RESULTS: Children in JPC showed less psychological problems than those living mostly (adjusted B 1.81; 95% CI [0.66 to 2.95]) or only with one parent (adjusted B 1.94; 95% CI [0.75 to 3.13]), in parental reports. In preschool teacher reports, the adjusted Betas were 1.27, 95% CI [0.14 to 2.40] and 1.41, 95% CI [0.24 to 2.58], respectively. In parental reports, children in JPC and those in intact families had similar outcomes, while teachers reported lower unadjusted symptom scores for children in intact families.CONCLUSION: Joint physical custody arrangements were not associated with more psychological symptoms in children aged 3-5, but longitudinal studies are needed to account for potential preseparation differences.
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| 4. |
- Bärgman, Jonas, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The UDrive dataset and key analysis results
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- UDrive is a large European naturalistic driving study, sponsored by the European Commission (FP7).Nineteen partners across Europe have come together and, along with stakeholders, defined researchquestions, developed data acquisition, collected and managed data, and finally, performed a first analysis onthe UDrive dataset with respect to driver/rider behaviour related to traffic safety and the environment (ecodriving).This document presents key results of the UDrive analysis performed in UDrive Sub-project 4: Data analysis.It also describes the UDrive dataset and, in brief, how we got here.
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| 5. |
- Fabian, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges and benefits of conducting parental classes in Sweden : Midwives’ perspectives
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 6:4, s. 236-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThere is lack of knowledge regarding antenatal care midwives' perspectives concerning parental classes provided during pregnancy, and this study aimed to explore midwives' experiences and thoughts about these parental class activities.MethodsTwenty-six semi-structured, individual, telephone interviews were carried out with midwives at antenatal clinics across Sweden, and the data were analysed using systematic text condensation (STC).ResultsThe midwives noted that parental classes were a demanding task, and they appeared to lack the confidence and skills required to manage the classes. They expressed a “need for collaborators to achieve the objectives” (theme 1). The midwives felt that “creating new networks is most valuable for parents” (theme 2), and they were also “striving to give the ‘whole picture’ to both parents” (theme 3), i.e. looking beyond just the delivery. Although they had the ambition, midwives realised it was “not possible to reach all” (theme 4).ConclusionsOrganisational resources as well as developing skills to lead groups are imperative for midwives to fulfil the goals of the parental classes. The midwives are aware that they cannot reach all parents with the group format; thus, it is important to acknowledge the needs of minority populations and develop multidisciplinary collaborations to be able to better address their needs.AbbreviationSTC, Systematic Text Condensation
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Fäldt, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' experiences of screening for communication difficulties at 18 months of age
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : WILEY. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 108:4, s. 662-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Early identification of communication disorders is important and may be possible through screening in the child health services. The aim of the study was to investigate nurses' experiences and sense of competence when using the Infant-Toddler Checklist (ITC) communication screening at the 18-month health visit.Methods: A mixed-methods design including three focus group interviews (n = 14) and a web-based survey (n = 22) among nurses using the ITC or the standard method. Interview data were analysed through systematic text condensation and a deductive analysis based on implementation theory. Groups were compared using Mann-Whitney tests.Result: Three themes emerged: Using a structured evaluation of communication changes, the dynamic, ITC is a beneficial tool and Implementation of the ITC faces a few challenges. Nurses who used the ITC perceived to a greater extent that they used a structured method (p = 0.003, r = 0.9) and felt more secure in describing the child's communication and language development to parents (p = 0.006, r = 0.83) compared to the standard method group.Conclusion: Using the ITC supported the nurses in their assessment of communication at 18 months. Nurses' sense of competence was higher when using the ITC, both in their assessment and in communicating with parents.
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| 8. |
- Fält, Elisabet
(författare)
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A cross-service approach to identify mental health problems in 3–5-year-old children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Child Healthcare Services (CHS) in Sweden offer regular health check-ups and reach almost all 0–5-year-old children. Although one of the objectives of the CHS is to detect mental health problems, evidence-based methods are not used for this purpose at the Child Health Clinics (CHCs). Therefore, an evidence-based instrument to assess children’s emotional and behavioural problems through parent and teacher reports, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), was introduced, as part of the Children and Parents in Focus trial, run between 2013 and 2017 in Uppsala, Sweden. The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate the introduction of the procedure, including the facilitation strategies provided to support implementation, and to provide inter-rater correlations and norms for the SDQ in this population.Data were collected through individual interviews with nurses, parents and preschool teachers; group interviews with nurses; and a survey performed at the end of the trial to evaluate nurses’ experiences of the SDQ-procedure and the implementation process. In addition, delivery, response rate and population coverage of the questionnaires were calculated. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and qualitative data using Grounded Theory and content analysis.Results showed that nurses found it useful for their assessment to have access to preschool teachers’ SDQ-ratings. Parents were also positive to the procedure but had concerns regarding confidentiality of the responses. Preschool teachers were least positive, fearing labelling of children and negative parental reactions. Significant, albeit poor, agreement (ICC) was found between parent and teacher ratings and good agreement between parents’ ratings. Teachers were found to report lower levels of problems compared to parents. Cut-off values differed for age and were somewhat higher for boys (lower for prosocial), suggesting that boys display more behaviour problems. Nurses perceived facilitation strategies used by the research team useful to support implementation and delivered the procedure, essentially, as intended. However, response rate remained lower than expected, around 50%.The findings suggest that implementing the SDQ to aid CHC-nurses’ assessment of 3-5-year-olds’ mental health is feasible, but requires further effort in regular services to reach all children.
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| 9. |
- Fält, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Agreement between mothers', fathers', and teachers' ratings of behavioural and emotional problems in 3-5-year-old children
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a valid and reliable instrument for measuring children's mental health, is available in parent- and teacher versions, making it an ideal tool for assessing behavioural and emotional problems in young children. However, few studies have evaluated inter-parent agreement on the SDQ, and in most studies on SDQ agreement, parent scores are either provided by only one parent or have been combined into one parent score. Furthermore, studies on SDQ inter-rater agreement usually only reflect degree of correlation, leaving the agreement between measurements unknown. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine both degree of correlation and agreement between parent and teacher SDQ reports, in a community sample of preschool-aged children in Sweden.Methods: Data were obtained from the Children and Parents in Focus trial. The sample comprised 4,46 children 3-5-years-old. Mothers, fathers and preschool teachers completed the SDQ as part of the routine health check-ups at Child Health Centres. Inter-rater agreement was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC).Results: Results revealed poor/fair agreement between parent and teacher ratings (ICC 0.25-0.54) and good/excellent agreement between mother and father ratings (ICC 0.66-0.76). The highest level of agreement between parents and teachers was found for the hyperactivity and peer problem subscales, whereas the strongest agreement between parents was found for the hyperactivity and conduct subscales.Conclusions: Low inter-rater agreement between parent and teacher ratings suggests that information from both teachers and parents is important when using the SDQ as a method to identify mental health problems in preschool children. Although mothers and fathers each provide unique information about their child's behaviour, good inter-parent agreement indicates that a single parent informant may be sufficient and simplify data collection.
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| 10. |
- Fält, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Nurses', Preschool Teachers' and Parents' Perspectives on Information Sharing Using SDQ in a Swedish Setting - A Qualitative Study Using Grounded Theory
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence-based methods to identify behavioural problems among children are not regularly used within the Swedish Child healthcare. A new procedure was therefore introduced to assess children through parent- and preschool teacher reports using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). This study aims to explore nurses', preschool teachers' and parents' perspectives of this new information sharing model. Using the grounded theory methodology, semi-structured interviews with nurses (n = 10) at child health clinics, preschool teachers (n = 13) and parents (n = 11) of 3-, 4- and 5-year-old children were collected and analysed between March 2014 and June 2014. The analysis was conducted using constant comparative method. The participants were sampled purposively within a larger trial in Sweden. Results indicate that all stakeholders shared a desire to have a complete picture of the child's health. The perceptions that explain why the stakeholders were in favour of the new procedure-the 'causal conditions' in a grounded theory model included: (1) Nurses thought that visits after 18-months were unsatisfactory, (2) Preschool teachers wanted to identify children with difficulties and (3) Parents viewed preschool teachers as being qualified to assess children. However, all stakeholders had doubts as to whether there was a reliable way to assess children's behaviour. Although nurses found the SDQ to be useful for their clinical evaluation, they noticed that not all parents chose to participate. Both teachers and parents acknowledged benefits of information sharing. However, the former had concerns about parental reactions to their assessments and the latter about how personal information was handled. The theoretical model developed describes that the causal conditions and current context of child healthcare in many respects endorse the introduction of information sharing. However, successful implementation requires considerable work to address barriers: the tension between normative thinking versus helping children with developmental problems for preschool teachers and dealing with privacy issues and inequity in participation for parents.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Mullins, Niamh, et al.
(författare)
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GWAS of Suicide Attempt in Psychiatric Disorders and Association With Major Depression Polygenic Risk Scores
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Psychiatry. - : American Psychiatric Association Publishing. - 0002-953X .- 1535-7228. ; 176:8, s. 651-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: More than 90% of people who attempt suicide have a psychiatric diagnosis; however, twin and family studies suggest that the genetic etiology of suicide attempt is partially distinct from that of the psychiatric disorders themselves. The authors present the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on suicide attempt, using cohorts of individuals with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium.Methods: The samples comprised 1,622 suicide attempters and 8,786 nonattempters with major depressive disorder; 3,264 attempters and 5,500 nonattempters with bipolar disorder; and 1,683 attempters and 2,946 nonattempters with schizophrenia. A GWAS on suicide attempt was performed by comparing attempters to nonattempters with each disorder, followed by a meta-analysis across disorders. Polygenic risk scoring was used to investigate the genetic relationship between suicide attempt and the psychiatric disorders.Results: Three genome-wide significant loci for suicide attempt were found: one associated with suicide attempt in major depressive disorder, one associated with suicide attempt in bipolar disorder, and one in the meta-analysis of suicide attempt in mood disorders. These associations were not replicated in independent mood disorder cohorts from the UK Biobank and iPSYCH. No significant associations were found in the meta-analysis of all three disorders. Polygenic risk scores for major depression were significantly associated with suicide attempt in major depressive disorder (R2=0.25%), bipolar disorder (R2=0.24%), and schizophrenia (R2=0.40%).Conclusions: This study provides new information on genetic associations and demonstrates that genetic liability for major depression increases risk for suicide attempt across psychiatric disorders. Further collaborative efforts to increase sample size may help to robustly identify genetic associations and provide biological insights into the etiology of suicide attempt.
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