| 1. |
- Fiddaman, Steven R., et al.
(författare)
-
Ancient chicken remains reveal the origins of virulence in Marek's disease virus
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science (New York, N.Y.). - 1095-9203. ; 382:6676, s. 1276-1281
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pronounced growth in livestock populations since the 1950s has altered the epidemiological and evolutionary trajectory of their associated pathogens. For example, Marek's disease virus (MDV), which causes lymphoid tumors in chickens, has experienced a marked increase in virulence over the past century. Today, MDV infections kill >90% of unvaccinated birds, and controlling it costs more than US$1 billion annually. By sequencing MDV genomes derived from archeological chickens, we demonstrate that it has been circulating for at least 1000 years. We functionally tested the Meq oncogene, one of 49 viral genes positively selected in modern strains, demonstrating that ancient MDV was likely incapable of driving tumor formation. Our results demonstrate the power of ancient DNA approaches to trace the molecular basis of virulence in economically relevant pathogens.
|
|
| 2. |
- Nourmohammadi, Amir, et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-objective optimization of mixed-model assembly lines incorporating musculoskeletal risks assessment using digital human modeling
- 2023
-
Ingår i: CIRP - Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1755-5817 .- 1878-0016. ; 47, s. 71-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In line with Industry 5.0, ergonomic factors have recently received more attention in balancing assembly lines to enhance the human-centric aspect. Meanwhile, today’s mass-customized trend yields manufacturers to offset the assembly lines for different product variants. Thus, this study addresses the mixed-model assembly line balancing problem (MMALBP) by considering worker posture. Digital human modeling and posture assessment technologies are utilized to assess the risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders using a method known as rapid entire body analysis (REBA). The resulting MMALBP is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model while considering three objectives: cycle time, maximum ergonomic risk of workstations, and total ergonomic risks. An enhanced non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (E-NSGA-II) is developed by incorporating a local search procedure that generates neighborhood solutions and a multi-criteria decision-making mechanism that ensures the selection of promising solutions. The E-NSGA-II is benchmarked against Epsilon-constraint, MOGA, and NSGA-II while solving a case study and also test problems taken from the literature. The computational results show that E-NSGA-II can find promising Pareto front solutions while dominating the considered methods in terms of performance metrics. The robustness of E-NSGA-II results is evaluated through one-way ANOVA statistical tests. The analysis of results shows that a smooth distribution of time and ergonomic loads among the workstations can be achieved when all three objectives are simultaneously considered.
|
|
| 3. |
- Slama, Ilhem, et al.
(författare)
-
Assembly Line Balancing with Collaborative Robots Under Uncertainty of Human Processing Times
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT). - : IEEE. - 9798350311419 - 9798350311402 - 9798350311396 ; , s. 2649-2653
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the assembly line balancing problem with collaborative robots in light of recent efforts to implement collaborative robots in industrial production systems under random processing time. A stochastic version with uncertain human processing time is considered for the first time. The issue is defined by the potential for simultaneous human and robot task execution at the same workpiece, either in parallel or in collaboration. We provide stochastic mixed-integer programming based on Monte Carlo sampling approach for the balancing and scheduling of collaborative robot assembly lines for this novel issue type. In order to minimise the line cost including fixed workstation operating costs and resource costs caused by exceeding cycle time, the model determines both the placement of collaborative robots at stations and the distribution of work among humans and robots.
|
|
