| 1. |
- Ali Malik, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Imaging fingerprinting of excitation emission matrices
- 2009
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 635:2, s. 196-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The spectral fingerprinting of the excitation emission matrix (EEM) of fluorescent substances is demonstrated using polychromatic light sources and tri-chromatic image detectors. A model of the measured fingerprints explaining their features and classification performance, based on the polychromatic excitation of the indicators is proposed.Substantial amount of spectral information is retained in the fingerprints as corroborated by multivariate analysis and experimental conditions that favor such situation are identified.In average, for five different substances, the model shows a fitting goodness measured by the Pearsons r coefficient and the root mean square deviation of 0.8541 and 0.0247 respectively, while principal component classification patterns satisfactorily compare with the EEM spectroscopy classification and respectively explain 96% and 93% of the information in the fist two principal components.The measurements can be performed using regular computer screens as illumination and web cameras as detectors, which constitute ubiquitous and affordable platforms compatible with distributed evaluations, in contrast to regular instrumentation for EEM measurements.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alimelli, Adriano, et al.
(författare)
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Fish freshness detection by a computer screen photoassisted based gas sensor array
- 2007
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 582:2, s. 320-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last years a large number of different measurement methodologies were applied to measure the freshness of fishes. Among them the connection between freshness and headspace composition has been considered by gas chromatographic analysis and from the last two decades by a number of sensors and biosensors aimed at measuring some characteristic indicators (usually amines). More recently also the so-called artificial olfaction systems gathering together many non-specific sensors have shown a certain capability to transduce the global composition of the fish headspace capturing the differences between fresh and spoiled products. One of the main objectives related to the introduction of sensor systems with respect to the analytical methods is the claimed possibility to distribute the freshness control since sensors are expected to be "portable" and "simple". In spite of these objectives, until now sensor systems did not result in any tool that may be broadly distributed. In this paper, we present a chemical sensor array where the optical features of layers of chemicals, sensitive to volatile compounds typical of spoilage processes in fish, are interrogated by a very simple platform based on a computer screen and a web cam. An array of metalloporphyrins is here used to classify fillets of thawed fishes according to their storage days and to monitor the spoilage in filleted anchovies for a time of 8 h. Results indicate a complete identification of the storage days of thawed fillets and a determination of the storage time of anchovies held at room temperature with a root mean square error of validation of about 30 min. The optical system produces a sort of spectral fingerprint containing information about both the absorbance and the emission of the sensitive layer. The system here illustrated, based on computer peripherals, can be easily scaled to any device endowed with a programmable screen and a camera such as cellular phones offering for the first time the possibility to fulfil the sensor expectation of diffused and efficient analytical capabilities. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Anderson, Tony, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Frog melanophores cultured on fluorescent microbeads : Biomimic-based biosensing
- 2005
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Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 21:1, s. 111-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Melanophores are pigmented cells in lower vertebrates capable of quick color changes and thereby suitable as whole cell biosensors. In the frog dermis skin layer, the large and dark pigmented melanophore surrounds a core of other pigmented cells. Upon hormonal stimulation the black-brown pigment organelles will redistribute within the melanophore, and thereby cover or uncover the core, making complex color changes possible in the dermis. Previously, melanophores have only been cultured on flat surfaces. Here we mimic the three dimensional biological geometry in the frog dermis by culturing melanophores on fluorescent plastic microbeads. To demonstrate biosensing we use the hormones melatonin and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) as lightening or darkening stimuli, respectively. Cellular responses were successfully demonstrated on single cell level by fluorescence microscopy, and in cell suspension by a fluorescence microplate reader and a previously demonstrated computer screen photo-assisted technique. The demonstrated principle is the first step towards "single well/multiple read-out" biosensor arrays based on suspensions of different selective-responding melanophores, each cultured on microbeads with distinctive spectral characteristics. By applying small amount of a clinical sample, or a candidate substance in early drug screening, to a single well containing combinations of melanophores on beads, multiple parameter read-outs will be possible. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Arwin, Hans, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-assisted measurement of intensity or polarization change of light upon interaction with a sample
- 2006
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A method for measuring a property of a test sample utilizing one of the test methods ellipsometry, surface plasmon resonance and nephelometry, wherein the method includes the steps; providing a test sample being an object with which an optical interaction with light takes place, illuminating said test sample using a program controlled display as a light source, which program controlled display is composed of at least one activated pixel providing an illumination from an illuminating area of said program controlled display, arranging said program controlled display to illuminate said test sample with polarized light, detecting light emerging from said test sample utilizing a detector coupled to said program and evaluating said property from signals from said detector.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bakker, Jimmy W.P., et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-assisted off-null ellipsometry
- 2006
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X .- 2155-3165. ; 45:30, s. 7795-7799
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ellipsometric measurement of thickness is demonstrated using a computer screen as a light source and a webcam as a detector, adding imaging off-null ellipsometry to the range of available computer screen photoassisted techniques. The results show good qualitative agreement with a simplified theoretical model and a thickness resolution in the nanometer range is achieved. The presented model can be used to optimize the setup for sensitivity. Since the computer screen serves as a homogeneous large area illumination source, which can be tuned to different intensities for different parts of the sample, a large sensitivity range can be obtained without sacrificing thickness resolution.
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| 11. |
- Bakker, Jimmy W. P., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing classification capabilities of computer screen photo-assisted fluorescence fingerprinting
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005. ; 110:2, s. 190-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The separation of emission from transmitted light for the fingerprinting of fluorescent substances using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT) is demonstrated. CSPT is a technique for optical evaluation using a simple cell with just a standard computer set and a web camera as instrumentation. It has been demonstrated to be a versatile system for colorimetric and fluorescent fingerprinting. Here the omnidirectional property of fluorescent emission is utilized to separate it from the background, using a simple optical arrangement compatible with CSPT purposes. This enhances the classification capabilities and makes classification at sub-μM concentrations possible.
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| 12. |
- Bakker, Jimmy W.P., et al.
(författare)
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Immunodetection using computer screen photo-assisted ellipsometry
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physica Status Solidi. C: Current Topics in Solid State Physics. - Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1862-6351. ; 5:5, s. 1431-1433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detection of antibody-antigen reactions is demonstrated by measuring changes in reflectance of light polarized parallel to the plane of incidence, using a computer screen as light source and a web camera as detector, giving results similar to traditional off-null ellipsometry and in accordance with a simplified theoretical model.
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| 13. |
- Bakker, Jimmy W.P., et al.
(författare)
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Two-dimensional micro array fluorescence fingerprinting with a computer screen photo-assisted technique
- 2005
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Ingår i: Spectral Imaging. - : SPIE. ; , s. 9-15
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detection and classification of fluorescent dyes are demonstrated using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT). This technique has previously been demonstrated for analyzing fluorescence from 96 wells microtiterplates (200 µl per well) and from a single cuvette with some optics to enhance sensitivity. In this work a custom designed array of wells with a volume of approximately 1 mu;l is used. In order to measure such small volumes without saturating the detector, the transmitted light is masked by placing the sample between two crossed polarizers. This arrangement blocks nearly all the transmitted light, while the emitted light, which is nearly unpolarized, can still be detected. The lowest amount (concentration x volume) of analyte detectable in this setup is about 40 times smaller than in the previous setups.
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| 14. |
- Barkå, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Background compensation in computer screen photo-assisted reflectance fingerprinting
- 2006
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 120:1, s. 79-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT) is a method for the classification of colorimetric assays utilizing ordinary computer sets and web cameras as instrumentation. In CSPT measurements the web camera captures the image of the assay under the screen illumination, and typically a spurious spatial distribution of intensities is overlapped on the image. This issue is examined here, focusing on the effect of the sample and illuminating colors on the spatial modulation of intensity. A method for the selection of colors composing an illuminating sequence that minimizes the spatial variability is proposed. The approach is tested for the classification of different color substances showing improvements up to 53% of the intra/inter cluster distance ratio measured in a PCA space, when compared to randomly chosen colors. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 15. |
- Bjorklund, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic optimization of experimental conditions for fast evaluation of diagnostic tests using ubiquitous instrumentation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 134:1, s. 199-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid quantitative determinations of creatinine, potassium and glucose, all important parameters in routine medical diagnostics, are demonstrated using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT). CSPT uses regular computer screens as light sources and web cameras as imaging detectors for supporting optical evaluations of diverse character. The ubiquity and versatility of the setup, makes CSPT an attractive candidate for point of care determinations. A robust procedure for the automatic selection of experimental conditions in CSPT evaluation, including camera channels and illuminating colors that minimize the measuring time up to 5 times is described. The method utilizes the correlation between experimental conditions and classification scores, obtained under a generic 50 color training session, to extract measuring sequences as short as 9 s. The extracted measuring conditions automatically adapted to the different tests provided a general, practical and fast approach for CSPT optimization in real scenarios. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Di, Natale C., et al.
(författare)
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An experimental biomimetic platform for artificial olfaction
- 2008
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 3:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial olfactory systems have been studied for the last two decades mainly from the point of view of the features of olfactory neuron receptor fields. Other fundamental olfaction properties have only been episodically considered in artificial systems. As a result, current artificial olfactory systems are mostly intended as instruments and are of poor benefit for biologists who may need tools to model and test olfactory models. Herewith, we show how a simple experimental approach can be used to account for several phenomena observed in olfaction. An artificial epithelium is formed as a disordered distributed layer of broadly selective color indicators dispersed in a transparent polymer layer. The whole epithelium is probed with colored light, imaged with a digital camera and the olfactory response upon exposure to an odor is the change of the multispectral image. The pixels are treated as olfactory receptor neurons, whose optical properties are used to build a convergence classifier into a number of mathematically defined artificial glomeruli. A non-homogenous exposure of the test structure to the odours gives rise to a time and spatial dependence of the response of the different glomeruli strikingly similar to patterns observed in the olfactory bulb. The model seems to mimick both the formation of glomeruli, the zonal nature of olfactory epithelium, and the spatio-temporal signal patterns at the glomeruli level. This platform is able to provide a readily available test vehicle for chemists developing optical indicators for chemical sensing purposes and for biologists to test models of olfactory system organization. © 2008 Di Natale et al.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Di Natale, C, et al.
(författare)
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An artificial olfaction system based on the optical imaging of a large array of chemical reporters
- 2009
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Ingår i: SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005. ; 142:2, s. 412-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic noses are object of research since more than two decades; nonetheless. the analogies between natural and olfaction systems are still limited to the selectivity properties of the receptors. The implementation of more sophisticated features such as the large number of receptors and the glomeruli layer have been hampered by technical difficulties related to the management of a large number of contemporaneous signals. As demonstrated in the past, optical imaging is a read-out technique for sensors development that can provide large sensor arrays. In this paper an artificial olfaction system based on the imaging of a continuous layer of chemical indicators is illustrated. The system incorporates an array of thousands of sensors, corresponding to the pixels of the image. The choice of Computer Screen Photoassisted Technology as a platform for optical interrogation of the sensing layer allows for the definition of a strategy for an automatic definition of a glomeruli layer based on the classification of the optical fingerprints of the image pixels. Chemical indicators were dissolved into a polymeric matrix providing the further property of odor diffusion mimicking the functions of the olfactory mucosa. The system has been tested in a simple experiment and data have been treated applying a lateral inhibition to the glomeruli layer resulting in a dynamic pattern resembling that observed in natural olfaction.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Dini, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical sensitivity of self-assembled porphyrin nano-aggregates
- 2009
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Ingår i: NANOTECHNOLOGY. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 20:5, s. 055502-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanostructured molecular assemblies may provide additional sensing properties not found in other arrangements of the same basic constituents. Among three-dimensional structures, nanotubes are particularly appealing for applications as chemical sensors, because of the potential inclusion of different guests inside the cavity or the induced modification of the skeletal interaction after analyte binding. Porphyrins are a class of compounds characterized by brilliant sensing properties, appearing also in non-ordered solid-state aggregates. In recent years, it was reported that aggregation of oppositely charged porphyrins led to the formation of self-assembled nanotubes and in this paper their sensing properties, both in solution and in the solid state, have been investigated. The interactions of porphyrin nanotubes with guest molecules have been monitored by following the changes in their UV-vis spectra. The results obtained have been exploited to build up a sensing platform based on a computer screen as a light source and a digital camera as detector. Porphyrin nanostructures exhibited an enhanced sensitivity to different compounds with respect to those shown by single porphyrin subunits. The reason for the increased sensitivity may be likely found in an additional sensing mechanism related to the modulation of the strength of the forces that keep the supramolecular ensemble together.
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| 23. |
- Fallqvist, Amie, et al.
(författare)
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Optically addressable field effect nano-environments for chemical imaging
- 2009
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Ingår i: Procedia Chemistry. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1876-6196. ; 1:1, s. 224-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An optically addressable field effect device Incorporating functionalized nano-environments is demonstrated for the generation of multiple response signatures of a same analyte-sensing material combination. The device can operate unsupervised and different response mechanism can be simultaneously tested and incorporated in a multidimensional response. This proof of concept explores the well-known Pd-H-2 case, while the concept is a breadboard for chemical imaging experiments.
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| 24. |
- Filippini, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive illumination in computer screen assisted spectral fingerprinting
- 2005
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 86:8, s. 084101-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computer screen photoassisted technique (CSPT) uses displays as controlled light sources for measuring spectral fingerprints of color substances, such as those present in bioassays. Here, the possibility of tuning the illuminating sequences for matching CSPT fingerprints with target spectral transmittances is demonstrated. This approach enables robust classification, orders of magnitude form mismatches, and establish a systematic method for adapting optimum illuminating sequences to any unknown measuring platform. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical Sensing with Familiar Devices
- 2006
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie : : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker.. International edition. - : Wiley. ; 45:23, s. 3800-3803
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Filippini, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-assisted reflectance fingerprinting
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 107:2, s. 580-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The characterization of opaque color samples using reflected light is demonstrated with a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT). CSPT utilizes standard computer screens as light sources and conventional web cameras as detectors to perform colorimetric or fluorescent evaluations that retain key spectral features of the tested substances. In this work, the fingerprinting of samples spectral reflectances is achieved by evaluating the reflected light under controlled computer screen illumination. Two different methods for processing of features are investigated, revealing complementary properties for classifications purposes. The attainable classification enables to distinguish different colors from just hues of a same color. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-assisted techniques
- 2005
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Sensors. - California, USA : American Scientific Publishers. - 9781588830562 - 158883056X ; , s. -8000
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The applications of sensors range from medical diagnostics to industrial manufacturing and to defense and national security applications. When an area spans such a large diversity of research, and where research from many different countries is also involved, a review of these developments becomes especially useful. Because it bridges science and technology the field also provides a desired interaction between researchers and research in technologically advanced and developing countries. The present series of volumes, "The Encyclopedia of Sensors" , the first of its kind, is intended to provide a timely compendium of the entire field. As such it can be expected to play a significant role in worldwide future progress and understanding."
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| 30. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-assisted techniques for global monitoring of environmental and sanitary parameters
- 2007
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 121:1, s. 93-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT) is a measuring method that uses regular computer screens as controlled light sources and web cameras as imaging detectors for optical evaluations of sensing substances, which optical properties respond to target analytes. The fact, that CSPT uses a globally distributed and familiar infrastructure as instrumentation and that is able to serve multiple targets with the same setup, makes it an attractive candidate for home testing. This article reviews the CSPT concept and focuses in two recent studies that demonstrate thorough CSPT determinations using a handy and eventually disposable assay format, with the potential to be as ubiquitous as the CSPT platforms themselves. The implications of such combination of technologies is discussed, and its potential to support the global monitoring of environmental and sanitary parameters, using Internet geography browsers, is analyzed. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Filippini, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Computer screen photo-excited surface plasmon resonance imaging
- 2008
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 625:2, s. 207-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angle and spectra resolved surface plasmon resonance (SPR) images of gold and silver thin films with protein deposits is demonstrated using a regular computer screen as light source and a web camera as detector. The screen provides multiple-angle illumination, p-polarized light and controlled spectral radiances to excite surface plasmons in a Kretchmann configuration. A model of the SPR reflectances incorporating the particularities of the source and detector explain the observed signals and the generation of distinctive SPR landscapes is demonstrated. The sensitivity and resolution of the method, determined in air and solution, are 0.145 nm pixel-1, 0.523 nm, 5.13 × 10-3 RIU degree-1 and 6.014 × 10-4 RIU, respectively, encouraging results at this proof of concept stage and considering the ubiquity of the instrumentation. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of fingerprint conformation and spectral scaling on the performance of computer screen photo-assisted experiments
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0003-2654 .- 1364-5528. ; 131:1, s. 118-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of computer screens as controlled light sources and web cameras as image detectors (the so-called computer screen photo-assisted technique, CSPT) is an ubiquitous alternative for the evaluation of colorimetric quick tests at homes or in primary care units. The performance of CSPT for such evaluations depends on several factors, from which the most relevant are the composition of illuminating sequences and the conformation of CSPT substance signatures. In this work, with the aid of a CSPT model, the effect of the construction of the substance signatures on the classification performance of different representative substance sets is studied. The correlation of illuminating colors with such classification is investigated, allowing one to determine redundancy and limitations with respect to visible spectroscopy. The concept of spectral scaling is introduced and its properties compared with standard procedures. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
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| 40. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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ELISA test for anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies detection evaluated by a computer screen photo-assisted technique
- 2005
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Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 21:2, s. 266-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT), a method for substance classification based on spectral fingerprinting, which involves just a computer screen and a web camera as measuring platform is used here for the evaluation of a prospective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA-ELISA) test, typically used for diagnosing patients suffering from chronic inflammatory disorders in the skin, joints, blood vessels and other tissues is comparatively tested with a standard microplate reader and CSPT, yielding equivalent results at a fraction of the instrumental costs. The CSPT approach is discussed as a distributed measuring platform allowing decentralized measurements in routine applications, whereas keeping centralized information management due to its natural network embedded operation. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 41. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Fingerprinting of fluorescent substances for diagnostic purposes using computer screen illumination
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 106, s. 302-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spectral fingerprinting of representative fluorescent substances prospective of potential assays is demonstrated by using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT) that involves standard computer sets and web cameras as only measuring platform.The unfolding of the recorded information along the color channels of the web camera enables to generate distinctive substance features that retain key spectral information (spectral fingerprints), which are able to disentangle predominant emission from absorption features. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the CSPT measurements and of standard visible absorption/emission spectroscopy performs similarly, allowing substance classification with a ubiquitous and inexpensive resource suitable with home test evaluations.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement strategy and instrumental performance of a computer screen photo-assisted technique for the evaluation of a multi-parameter colorimetric test strip
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0003-2654 .- 1364-5528. ; 131:1, s. 111-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A measuring strategy for the evaluation of a seven parameters colorimetric test using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT) is demonstrated. CSPT is a versatile approach aimed at point of care or home tests that uses regular computer sets and web cameras as the whole instrument. Issues such as the stability and the equivalency on different platforms of the determinations have been addressed in the present work. The method uses an embedded local reference simultaneously measured with the tests and solves the evaluation as a classification problem. The achieved performance tested along 580 classifications covering all the ranges of the assay, using synthetic samples, yielded 97.2% correct determinations compared with 89.7% for the case of colorimetric determinations. The errors were concentrated in only two parameters that show a significant correlation with a set of quality indices used to assess the performance of the classification. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Filippini, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Natural nanosystems
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Symposium on Biomolecular Nanoscale Assemblies,2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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