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| 11. |
- Boss, John, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression in the brain of a migratory songbird during breeding and migration
- 2016
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Ingår i: Movement Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2051-3933. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We still have limited knowledge about the underlying genetic mechanisms that enable migrating species of birds to navigate the globe. Here we make an attempt to get insight into the genetic architecture controlling this complex innate behaviour. We contrast the gene expression profiles of two closely related songbird subspecies with divergent migratory phenotypes. In addition to comparing differences in migratory strategy we include a temporal component and contrast patterns between breeding adults and autumn migrating juvenile birds of both subspecies. The two willow warbler subspecies, Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus and P. t. acredula, are remarkably similar both in phenotype and genotype and have a narrow contact zone in central Scandinavia. Here we used a microarray gene chip representing 23,136 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata to identify mRNA level differences in willow warbler brain tissue in relation to subspecies and season.RESULTS: Out of the 22,109 EST probe sets that remained after filtering poorly binding probes, we found 11,898 (51.8 %) probe sets that could be reliably and uniquely matched to a total of 6,758 orthologous zebra finch genes. The two subspecies showed very similar levels of gene expression with less than 0.1 % of the probe sets being significantly differentially expressed. In contrast, 3,045 (13.8 %) probe sets were found to be differently regulated between samples collected from breeding adults and autumn migrating juvenile birds. The genes found to be differentially expressed between seasons appeared to be enriched for functional roles in neuronal firing and neuronal synapse formation.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that only few genes are differentially expressed between the subspecies. This suggests that the different migration strategies of the subspecies might be governed by few genes, or that the expression patterns of those genes are time-structured or tissue-specific in ways, which our approach fails to uncover. Our findings will be useful in the planning of new experiments designed to unravel the genes involved in the migratory program of birds.
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- Kyrö Wissler, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Naturunderstödd rehabilitering på landsbygden i Region Skåne
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet Naturunderstödd rehabilitering på landsbygden består av en intervention där Region Skåne, Försäkringskassan, Arbetsförmedlingen, Lantbrukarnas Riksförbund (LRF) samt Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) samarbetat för att utveckla en ny rehabiliteringsmodell, där medicinska och ickemedicinska kompetenser samverkat. Målgruppen för projektet har varit personer som sökt primärvården på grund av utmattningssyndrom, mild till måttlig depression samt ångest. Projektet har bedrivits på gårdar på landsbygden i Skåne där natur och djur används som komplement i rehabiliteringen. Elva gårdar har deltagit i projektet och varit anslutna till vårdcentralerna. Vårdcentralen har ansvarat för den medicinska kompetensen medan landsbygdsföretaget ansvarat för naturbaserade aktiviteter. Deltagare har remitterats under 2012-2013 och har sedan fritt fått välja någon av de anslutna gårdarna. Under åtta veckor, tre gånger per vecka och ungefär fyra timmar per tillfälle, har deltagarna fått vistas på gården och efter egen förmåga tagit del av olika aktiviteter. På varje gård har det funnits flera deltagare och samtliga deltagare har deltagit i olika aktiviteter efter egen förmåga. I denna rapport har vi gjort en sammanställning av självrapporterad data som samlats in i samband med att deltagarna påbörjat Naturunderstödd rehabilitering på landsbygden, när de slutat samt vid sex respektive 12-månaders uppföljning. Resultaten baserar sig på 127 deltagare. Underlaget har, efter studiens slut, kompletterats med data från det patientadministrativa systemet (PASIS) på 67 deltagare som fått Naturunderstödd rehabilitering på landsbygden under perioden 2014-2016.Studien är genomförd utan kontrollgrupp. Därför kan vi inte uttala oss om huruvida den genomförda interventionen har haft effekt överstigande den effekt som hade upplevts utan interventionen. Vi har kunnat se att deltagarna i genomsnitt förbättras över tid avseende hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, arbetsförmåga, sömn, ångest och depression samt aktivitet. 28 % av deltagarna hade en kliniskt relevant förbättring avseende hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och/eller självskattad arbetsförmåga vid 12- månaders uppföljning av interventionen. Det är dock viktigt att notera att det är ett stort bortfall i uppföljningarna, vilket innebär att vi saknar information om ett stort antal deltagare
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| 14. |
- Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial of nature-based post-stroke fatigue rehabilitation ("the nature stroke study" (NASTRU)): study design and progress report
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Stroke. - 1747-4930 .- 1747-4949. ; 10, s. 430-430
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatigue is common after stroke and contributes to disability, impaired quality of life, and reduced work ability. Currently, there is no evidence-based intervention for post-stroke fatigue but idiopathic chronic fatigue and burnt-out syndromes may benefit from nature-based rehabilitation. The aim of NASTRU was to examine whether ten weeks of nature-based rehabilitation, as add-on to standard management, could influence post-stroke fatigue (primary outcome), depression, work ability or functional outcome (secondary outcomes), compared to controls.
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- Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Naturlig Etablering : en pilotstudie av en naturbaserad intervention för individer inom Etableringsuppdraget i behov av arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pilotprojektet Naturlig Etablering består av en naturbaserad intervention där Arbetsförmedlingen, Region Skåne samt Sveriges Lantbruksverksamhet (SLU) samarbetat för att utveckla en modell i syfte att vetenskapligt utvärdera denna. Målgruppen för pilotstudien är individer inom Etableringsuppdraget med psykisk ohälsa i behov av arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering som är inskrivna på Arbetsförmedlingen i Malmö samt Lund. Pilotprojektet har bedrivits i Alnarps Rehabiliteringsträdgård. Deltagare har valts ut av arbetsförmedlingens rehabiliteringsteam inom Etableringsuppdraget för den naturbaserade interventionen. Under 10 veckor, tre gånger per vecka och ungefär fyra timmar per tillfälle har deltagarna vistats i grupp i trädgården och erbjudits aktiviteter med olika kognitiva och fysiska utmaningar. Sedan etableringsuppdraget startade 2010 har Arbetsförmedlingen arbetat med att ta fram nya metoder och verktyg i samarbete med andra aktörer för att underlätta etableringen av de nyanlända. I denna rapport redovisas framtagen modell Naturlig Etablering. Detta har resulterat i en beskrivning av målgruppen, beskrivning av naturbaserad utredning, genomgång av den naturbaserade interventionsmodellen samt beskrivning av fördjupad samverkan mellan i projektet ingående myndigheter.
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| 17. |
- Post Sennehed, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Blue flags", development of a short clinical questionnaire on work-related psychosocial risk factors - A validation study in primary care
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Working conditions substantially influence health, work ability and sick leave. Useful instruments to help clinicians pay attention to working conditions are lacking in primary care (PC). The aim of this study was to test the validity of a short "Blue flags" questionnaire, which focuses on work-related psychosocial risk factors and any potential need for contacts and/or actions at the workplace. Methods: From the original"The General Nordic Questionnaire" (QPSNordic) the research group identified five content areas with a total of 51 items which were considered to be most relevant focusing on work-related psychosocial risk factors. Fourteen items were selected from the identified QPSNordic content areas and organised in a short questionnaire "Blue flags". These 14 items were validated towards the 51 QPSNordic items. Content validity was reviewed by a professional panel and a patient panel. Structural and concurrent validity were also tested within a randomised clinical trial. Results: The two panels (n = 111) considered the 14 psychosocial items to be relevant. A four-factor model was extracted with an explained variance of 25.2%, 14.9%, 10.9% and 8.3% respectively. All 14 items showed satisfactory loadings on all factors. Concerning concurrent validity the overall correlation was very strong rs = 0.87 (p < 0.001).). Correlations were moderately strong for factor one, rs = 0.62 (p < 0.001) and factor two, rs = 0.74 (p < 0.001). Factor three and factor four were weaker, bur still fair and significant at rs = 0.53 (p < 0.001) and rs = 0.41 (p < 0.001) respectively. The internal consistency of the whole "Blue flags" was good with Cronbach's alpha of 0.76. Conclusions: The content, structural and concurrent validity were satisfactory in this first step of development of the "Blue flags" questionnaire. In summary, the overall validity is considered acceptable. Testing in clinical contexts and in other patient populations is recommended to ensure predictive validity and usefulness.
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| 18. |
- Saha, Sanjib, et al.
(författare)
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Structured physiotherapy including a work place intervention for patients with neck and/or back pain in primary care: an economic evaluation
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Health Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-7601 .- 1618-7598.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cluster-randomized controlled trial, WorkUp, was conducted for working-aged patients at risk of sick leave or on short-term sick leave due to acute/subacute neck and/or back pain in Sweden. The purpose of WorkUp was to facilitate participants to stay at work or in case of sick leave, return-to-work. The aim of this study was to study whether the WorkUp trial was cost-effective. Patients in the intervention and reference group received structured evidence-based physiotherapy, while patients in the intervention group also received a work place dialogue with the employer as an add-on. The participants, 352 in total, were recruited from 20 physiotherapeutic units in primary healthcare in southern Sweden. The economic evaluation was performed both from a healthcare and a societal perspective with a 12-month time frame with extensive univariate sensitivity analyses. Results were presented as incremental cost–effectiveness ratios (ICER) with outcomes measured as quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and proportion working for at least 4 weeks in a row without reported sick leave at 12-month follow-up. From the healthcare perspective, the ICER was €23,606 (2013 price year) per QALY gain. From the societal perspective the intervention was dominating, i.e.. less costly and more effective than reference care. Bootstrap analysis showed that the probability of the intervention to be cost-effective at €50,000 willingness-to-pay per QALY was 85% from the societal perspective. Structured evidence-based physiotherapeutic care together with workplace dialogue is a cost-effective alternative from both a societal and a healthcare perspective for acute/subacute neck and/or back pain patients.
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| 19. |
- Sennehed, Charlotte Post, et al.
(författare)
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Referring to multimodal rehabilitation for patients with musculoskeletal disorders - a register study in primary health care
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2008, the Swedish government introduced a National Rehabilitation Program, in which the government financially reimburses the county councils for evidence-based multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) interventions. The target group is patients of working age with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), expected to return to work or remain at work after rehabilitation. Much attention in the evaluations has been on patient outcomes and on processes. We lack knowledge about how factors related to health care providers and community can have an impact on how patients have access to MMR. The aim of this study was therefore to study the impact of health care provider and community related factors on referrals to MMR in patients with MSD applying for health care in primary health care.METHODS: This was a primary health care-based cohort study based on prospectively ascertained register data. All primary health care centres (PHCC) contracted in Region Skåne in 2010-2012, referring to MMR were included (n = 153). The health care provider factors studied were: community size, PHCC size, public or private PHCC, whether or not the PHCCs provided their own MMR, burden of illness and the community socioeconomic status among the registered population at the PHCCs. The results are presented with descriptive statistics and for the analysis, non-parametric and multiple linear regression analyses were applied.RESULTS: PHCCs located in larger communities sent more referrals/1000 registered population (p = 0.020). Private PHCCs sent more referrals/1000 registered population compared to public units (p = 0.035). Factors related to more MMR referrals/1000 registered population in the multiple regression analyses were PHCCs located in medium and large communities and with above average socioeconomic status among the registered population at the PHCCs, private PHCC and PHCCs providing their own MMR. The explanation degree for the final model was 24.5%.CONCLUSIONS: We found that referral rates to MMR were positively associated with PHCCs located in medium and large sized communities with higher socioeconomic status among the registered population, private PHCCs and PHCCs providing their own MMR. Patients with MSD are thus facing significant inequities and were thus not offered the same opportunities for referrals to rehabilitation regardless of which PHCC they visited.
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| 20. |
- Thureborn, Petter
(författare)
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Microbial Ecosystem Functions Along the Steep Oxygen Gradient of the Landsort Deep, Baltic Sea
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through complex metabolic interactions aquatic microbial life is essential as a driver of ecosystem functions and hence a prerequisite for sustaining plant and animal life in the sea and on Earth. Despite its ecological importance, information on the complexity of microbial functions and how these are related to environmental conditions is limited. Due to climate change and eutrophication, marine areas facing oxygen depletion are increasing and predicted to continue to do so in the future. Vertically steep oxygen gradients are particularly pronounced in the Baltic Sea. In this thesis, therefore, the ecosystem functions of microbial communities were investigated, using metagenomics, to understand how they were distributed along the steep oxygen gradient at the Landsort Deep, the deepest point of the Baltic Sea. Furthermore, microbial communities from the Landsort Deep transect were compared to microbial communities of other marine environments to establish whether the environment at this site resulted in a characteristic community. To reveal what microbial community functions and taxa were active in the anoxic sediment a metatranscriptomic approach was used. Results showed a marked effect of the coupled environmental parameters dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature on distribution of taxa and particularly community functions. Microbial communities showed functional capacities consistent with a copiotrophic life-style dependent on organic material sinking through the water column. The eutrophic condition with high organic load was further reflected in the metatranscriptome of the anoxic sediment community, which indicated active carbon mineralisation through anaerobic heterotrophic-autotrophic community synergism. New putative linkages between nitrogen and- sulphur metabolisms were identified at anoxic depths. Furthermore, viable Cyanobacteria in the anoxic sediment was evident from the transcript analyses as another reflection of marine snow. High abundance and expression of integron integrases were identified as a characteristic feature of the Landsort Deep communities, and may provide these communities with a mechanism for short-term-adaptation to environmental change. In summary, this thesis clearly documents what impact eutrophication and oxygen depletion have on microbial community functions. Furthermore, it specifically advances the mechanistic insight into microbial processes in anoxic deep-water sediment at both genomic and transcriptional level. Given the predicted progress of oxygen depletion in marine and brackish environments, this work advances information necessary to estimate effects on marine and in particular brackish ecosystem functions where anoxic conditions prevail.
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| 21. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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