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- Cherniak, Aaron, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived attachment history predicts psychedelic experiences : A naturalistic study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of psychedelic studies. - 2559-9283. ; 8:1, s. 82-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Emerging research indicates that psychedelics may have therapeutic potential by fostering meaningful experiences that act as in fl ection points in people ' s narratives of personal development. However, psychedelic research has largely failed to address pertinent developmental considerations. We investigated whether attachment -related variables were associated with psychedelic experiences and whether psychedelic experiences moderated expected links between perceived attachment history and current adult attachment orientations. Methods: We administered an online survey to an international Jewish sample ( N = 185) with psychedelic experience. The survey included measures about recollection of attachment interactions with parents (perceived attachment history), adult attachment orientations (anxiety, avoidance), and psychedelic phenomenology (mystical experiences, challenging experiences, emotional breakthrough, ego dissolution, sensed presence) associated with respondents ' most memorable psychedelic experiences. Results: Perceptions of an insecure attachment history were positively linked to all measures of psychedelic phenomenology ( r ' s = 0.19 - 32, p ' s mostly < 0.01). In contrast, adult attachment orientations were unrelated to psychedelic phenomenology. Also, psychedelic phenomenology mostly did not moderate the links observed between perceptions of an insecure attachment history and adult attachment orientations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that perceptions of early attachment experiences may be relevant to psychedelic phenomenology. However, subjective experiences associated with naturalistic psychedelic use do not typically attenuate links between a perceived insecure attachment history and attachment insecurity at present.
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| 2. |
- Hammarlund, Mårten, 1986-
(författare)
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Neglected ghosts of contested nurseries : The role of interpersonal trauma and psychosocial adversity for caregiving among parents with intellectual disability
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research on the general parent population has established that parental exposure to interpersonal trauma and psychosocial stressors may negatively influence caregiving and children’s development. Research also suggests that parents with intellectual disability (ID) are disproportionally exposed to interpersonal trauma and psychosocial stressors, and that such exposure may contribute to the elevated risk for caregiving and child developmental problems in this population. Conflicting findings have, however, also been reported, and there is no synthesized picture of the prevalence of interpersonal trauma among these parents, or of associated caregiving-related and child developmental outcomes. There is also a scarcity of research addressing these parents’ exposure to interpersonal trauma and psychosocial stressors, in relation to developmentally informed aspects of caregiving and child development. This thesis aims to counter these knowledge gaps. Study I systematically reviewed extant empirical reports on interpersonal trauma among parents with ID, and links with caregiving-related and child developmental outcomes. The review indicated that > 50% of these parents have been exposed to interpersonal trauma. Findings regarding caregiving-related outcomes overall indicated that interpersonal trauma increases caregiving-related risks. Reports on links with child developmental outcomes were scant and inconsistent. Studies II and III present empirical works, focused on parental social-cognitive capacities among mothers with ID. Study II involved a sample of mothers with ID (n = 30), and comparison mothers with ADHD (n = 61), and examined the mothers’ exposure to interpersonal trauma and psychosocial adversity in relation to their capacity for parental mentalizing. Mothers with ID had a heightened risk for mentalizing difficulties, in the form of prementalizing modes of relating to their children. Cumulative interpersonal trauma uniquely predicted prementalizing across groups, whereas psychosocial adversity added to the risk for prementalizing specifically among mothers with ID. Study III involved a second sample of mothers with ID (n = 23) and their children, and socioeconomically matched mothers without ID (n = 25) and their children. This study examined the mothers’ capacity for interpreting infants’ emotions, in relation to the mothers’ exposure to interpersonal trauma, and their children’s attachment. Mothers with ID had a heightened proclivity to misinterpret infants’ emotional expressions as expressions of anger and shame. Shame misinterpretations were also linked with these mothers’ cumulative interpersonal trauma, and with child attachment insecurity and disorganization. An addendum to Study III also addressed the mothers’ psychosocial situation, in relation to maternal sensitivity and the children’s attachment. In both study groups, psychosocial adversity was linked with lower maternal sensitivity. The analysis also suggested that psychosocial adversity contributed to child attachment disorganization specifically among children of mothers with ID. Overall, the thesis points to the importance of acknowledging the parents’ relational history and psychosocial situation, when attempting to understand caregiving-related and child developmental difficulties in families headed by parents with ID. The thesis also outlines important steps for future research, and discusses implications of the findings for practitioners and policy-makers.
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| 3. |
- Hammarlund, Mårten, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Parental mentalising among mothers with intellectual disability or ADHD : Links with experiences of abuse, neglect and psychosocial risk
- 2023
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Ingår i: JARID. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 36:6, s. 1206-1217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Parental mentalising difficulties are robustly linked to caregiving problems. Mothers with intellectual disability are at risk for caregiving problems, but knowledge on their parental mentalising abilities is lacking. The present study aimed to fill this gap.Method: Thirty mothers with mild intellectual disability, and 61 comparison mothers with ADHD, were assessed for parental mentalising using the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire. Contributions of intellectual disability, maternal exposure to childhood abuse/neglect and psychosocial risk to parental mentalising were examined through hierarchical regression analysis.Results: Mothers with intellectual disability had a heightened risk for parental mentalising difficulties, in the form of elevated prementalising. Intellectual disability and cumulative childhood abuse/neglect uniquely predicted prementalising among the mothers, whereas cumulative psychosocial risk added to the risk for prementalising specifically among mothers with intellectual disability.Conclusions: Our findings support contextual models of caregiving, and suggest a need for mentalisation-based support for parents with mild intellectual disability.
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| 4. |
- Lehmivaara, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Attachment and socialized religion within the Læstadian revival movement
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present questionnaire study examined attachment-religion connections among 175 believers within the Læstadian revival movement (Lutheran) in Sweden and Finland. Corroborating previous research findings from other religious populations, our findings strongly supported the idea that attachment security (i.e. positive, non-defensive representations of self and others) facilitates the intergenerational transmission of religion from parents to offspring (the socialized correspondence hypothesis) in families within the Læstadian revival movement. Extending previous research, attachment security was also linked to the adoption and transmission of the congregation’s religious standards and to perceived religious support from the congregation. Results pertaining to religion-as-compensation for attachment-related insecurity (the compensation hypothesis) were generally mixed, perhaps due to particularities of Læstadian faith.
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