| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Frostfeldt, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Possible reasons for the prognostic value of troponin-T on admission in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- 2001
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Ingår i: Coronary Artery Disease. - 0954-6928 .- 1473-5830. ; 12:3, s. 227-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In patients with acute myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation, increased troponin-T (TnT) on admission implies an increased mortality. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the prognostic value of TnT. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and one patients were included and all received thrombolytic treatment. The patients were compared according to TnT level on admission (cut-off 0.1 microg/l). Elevation of TnT was associated with long-term mortality and also with longer delay, more episodes of chest pain during the last 24 h and fewer noninvasive signs of reperfusion at 90 min. In the group with elevated TnT, the coronary angiography at 24 h showed a strong trend towards lower patency in the infarct-related artery. TnT was also associated with increased infarct size if a higher cut-off level (0.43 microg/l) was used. In univariate analysis, elevated TnT, longer delay, repeated chest pain, Q-waves on admission and reduced left ventricular (LV) function were significantly associated with long-term mortality. In multivariate models, only reduced LV function and less than TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) grade 3 flow turned out to be significant independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic value of TnT level on admission regarding long-term mortality was confirmed and seems mainly to be explained by its association with longer delay and recent myocardial damage, but its association with reduced effect of thrombolytic treatment, larger infarct size and impaired LV function might also be of importance.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Stockeld, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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A Swedish study of chemoradiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 40, s. 566-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This multicenter study describes the development of a chemoradiation protocol for the treatment of non-metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Eighty patients were treated with three courses of chemotherapy (cisplatinum and 5-fluorouracil) with concomitant radiotherapy (40 Gy) during the last two courses of chemotherapy. Esophagectomy was performed, when feasible. If no operation was performed, patients were planned to receive a target dose of 64 Gy. Toxicity was mainly attributable to hematological impairment and led to two adjustments of the treatment protocol (addition of filgrastim and lowering of the 5-fluorouracil dose). These changes made it possible to administer the planned treatment in a gradually higher proportion of patients (13/23 [57%] before changes of treatment compared with 30/36 [83%] after changes). Treatment-related mortality was 3.75% (3 patients, associated with leucopenic septicemia after chemotherapy). Fifty-four patients were resected. No per- or postoperative mortality was encountered. The complete response (pathological CR) rate in operated patients was 46% (27/59 patients) after chemoradiation. In the whole series the CR rate (including clinical CR for non-resected patients) was 44%. With a minimum follow-up of 37 months, the 3-year survival for the whole group was 31% compared with 57% for the CR patients. Total 5-year survival thus far (July 1999) is 26%.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ahlgren, Mia K., et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes and beliefs directed towards ready-meal consumption
- 2004
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Ingår i: Food Service Technology. - Oxford : Blackwell Science. - 1471-5732 .- 1471-5740. ; 4:4, s. 159-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our food choice is dependent upon our beliefs about both the products and those who consume them. In this study beliefs about the prototypical attributes of ready meal consumers have been investigated to establish which beliefs exist and whether they have any actual basis when compared with self-reported behaviours of ready meal consumers. In a survey, respondents described what they considered to be common attributes of ready meal consumers. Some of these attributes were supported by the data provided by the ready meal consuming respondents, while many were not. Most interesting was the fact that two frequently mentioned attributes, being alone and no interest in cooking or food, were confirmed by the ready meal consuming respondents in the actual eating situation but not by their life-style and beliefs in general. The results support the call for more situation-oriented food research.
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| 11. |
- Ahlgren, Mia K., et al.
(författare)
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Buyers’ demands for ready meals : influenced by gender and who will eat them
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Foodservice. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1748-0140. ; 17:5-6, s. 205-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ready-meal market in Sweden is increasing rapidly, and in the last 10 years has nearly doubled. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the demand buyers have for ready meals, both when buying for themselves and for others. A postal survey was completed by 249 residents of Gothenburg, Sweden. Results show that the demand when buying ready meals is dependent on both gender and whether or not the buyer is the end consumer. In general, the buyers' demands for sensory and convenience aspects were the most important. Female respondents were more demanding buyers than males, and their priorities were different. The implications of the findings are that foodservice operators and producers of ready meals must pay attention to the different demands of buyers, their gender and who will be the end consumer.
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| 12. |
- Ahlgren, Mia K., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of the meal situation on the consumption of ready meals
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Consumer Studies. - : Wiley. - 1470-6423 .- 1470-6431. ; 29:6, s. 485-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The context in which a meal is eaten is known to affect intake and choice of food. The purpose of this study was to investigate in what typical situations ready meals are consumed and if consumer demands vary according to different situations. With a market survey four typical ready meal eating situations were identified, and the respondent's ready meal consumption was shown to be affected by situational factors. In the different eating situations there were dissimilar reasons for consumption. Two ready meal eating situations were investigated in greater detail in order to establish what triggered the ready meal consumption in these situations. One of these meal situations proved to be convenience driven and the other time driven. A situation-oriented approach is suggested for further ready meal product development.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Albers, E, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous estimation of product concentration with calorimetry and gas analysis during anaerobic fermentations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2002
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Ingår i: Thermochimica Acta. - 0040-6031. ; 394:1-2, s. 185-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product concentrations may be estimated from gas analysis or calorimetric measurements. These techniques of analysis are fast, simple, and provide a continuous output. To check the accuracy of these estimations, the anaerobic ethanol formation of an industrial strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was selected as a test system. Cultivations were carried out as batch cultures with different nitrogen sources (ammonium, glutamate and a mixture of amino acids) and 20 g/l of glucose as the carbon and energy source. The results showed that there was a good agreement between measured and calculated ethanol values. However, especially when using heat data the results are very sensitive to small changes in the stoichiometry of the catabolic reaction, i.e. ethanol is not the only product but there are also minor amounts of glycerol and acetate. The problems generated by these products when using heat data to calculate ethanol concentrations are discussed in detail. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Algotson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Culinary art and meal science : the meal project
- 2003
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Ingår i: Culinary arts and sciences IV. - Bournemouth : Worshipful Company of Cooks Reserach Centre at Bournemouth University, UK. - 1858991390 ; , s. 190-190
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Alimohammadi, Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 : NALP5 in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1
- 2006
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Ingår i: The New England Journal of Medicine. ; 358:10, s. 1018-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a multiorgan autoimmune disorder caused by mutations in AIRE, the autoimmune regulator gene. Though recent studies concerning AIRE deficiency have begun to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmunity in patients with APS-1, the autoantigen responsible for hypoparathyroidism, a hallmark of APS-1 and its most common autoimmune endocrinopathy, has not yet been identified. Methods We performed immunoscreening of a human parathyroid complementary DNA library, using serum samples from patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism, to identify patients with reactivity to the NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 (NALP5). Subsequently, serum samples from 87 patients with APS-1 and 293 controls, including patients with other autoimmune disorders, were used to determine the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies against NALP5. In addition, the expression of NALP5 was investigated in various tissues. Results NALP5-specific autoantibodies were detected in 49% of the patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism but were absent in all patients with APS-1 but without hypoparathyroidism, in all patients with other autoimmune endocrine disorders, and in all healthy controls. NALP5 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of parathyroid chief cells. Conclusions NALP5 appears to be a tissue-specific autoantigen involved in hypoparathyroidism in patients with APS-1. Autoantibodies against NALP5 appear to be highly specific and may be diagnostic for this prominent component of APS-1.
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| 20. |
- Alimohammadi, Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 and NALP5, a parathyroid autoantigen
- 2008
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 358:10, s. 1018-1028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a multiorgan autoimmune disorder caused by mutations in AIRE, the autoimmune regulator gene. Though recent studies concerning AIRE deficiency have begun to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmunity in patients with APS-1, the autoantigen responsible for hypoparathyroidism, a hallmark of APS-1 and its most common autoimmune endocrinopathy, has not yet been identified. METHODS: We performed immunoscreening of a human parathyroid complementary DNA library, using serum samples from patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism, to identify patients with reactivity to the NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 (NALP5). Subsequently, serum samples from 87 patients with APS-1 and 293 controls, including patients with other autoimmune disorders, were used to determine the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies against NALP5. In addition, the expression of NALP5 was investigated in various tissues. RESULTS: NALP5-specific autoantibodies were detected in 49% of the patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism but were absent in all patients with APS-1 but without hypoparathyroidism, in all patients with other autoimmune endocrine disorders, and in all healthy controls. NALP5 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of parathyroid chief cells. CONCLUSIONS: NALP5 appears to be a tissue-specific autoantigen involved in hypoparathyroidism in patients with APS-1. Autoantibodies against NALP5 appear to be highly specific and may be diagnostic for this prominent component of APS-1.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Analys av polisens alkoholutandningsprov i fem län åren 2001-2003
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The extent and results of the police breathalyser tests in Stockholm, Västerbotten, Östergötland, Skåne and Västra Götaland Counties over the period 2001-2003 have been analysed. The primary aim is to uncover and describe shortcomings in existing data, not to estimate the extent of drink driving. The analysis has been made with reference to the codes applied by the police to describe the type of control at which the test was made. These codes are - 0) Police initiated driver control - 1) "Random" control (not random in the strict statistical sense) - 2) Control because of a road traffic accident - 3) Targeted control (e.g. at strategically selected points such as shops selling alcoholic drinks) - 4) Other codes - It is mainly the breathalyser tests coded by the police as 0, 1 and 3 that are examined in the analysis. The other codes appear very rarely in the controls made.
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| 22. |
- Antipov, Sergey V., 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Rate coefficient of CN formation through radiative association: A theoretical study of quantum effects
- 2009
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Ingår i: J. Chem. Phys.. - : AIP Publishing. ; 131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiative association of CN is simulated using a quantum dynamical as well as a semiclassical approach. A comparison of the resulting energy-resolved cross sections reveals striking quantum effects that are due to shape resonances. These, in turn, arise because of states that are quasibound by the centrifugal barrier. The quantal rate coefficient for temperatures from 40 to 1900 K has been computed using the Breit–Wigner theory to account for the resonances. Comparison with the results obtained by Singh and Andreazza [ Astrophys. J. 537, 261 (2000) ] shows that the semiclassical method, which completely omits the shape resonances, is accurate to within 25% above room temperature. At lower temperatures the contribution from the shape resonances to the radiative association rate is more significant.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Aronsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Conclusions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Validation and test of central concepts in positive work and organizational psychology. - Köpenhamn : Nordic Council of Ministers. - 9789289319195 ; , s. 93-96
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Within working life research there has been a long and strong tradition of focusing on risks, problems, diseases, and other negative aspects of the work environment. Modern reflexive social systems and organizations incorporate, internalize, and apply this knowledge, which creates new conditions for research and reflexivity, and so forth. There are similar processes on the individual level – people reflect and internalize knowledge which changes their perceptions, cognitions and action strategies. In that way our societies have gained much knowledge about what work conditions should be avoided or eliminated. In the Nordic welfare states, as in many other countries, there exists thinking and politics which hold that work should offer something more than an activity one does for money. According to this view, work should contribute to individual satisfaction, personal development, occupational skills, health, etc. On the road to a more individualized and health and development oriented working life there is need for a research perspective that generates knowledge on how to form “healthy work” and “healthy workplaces”. The positive psychology movement is an inspirational source for occupational psychology to move in that direction and a positive occupational psychology perspective is not in conflict with the traditional and established work psychology or disease model – the role is rather to contribute to a new working life research front with a strong potential for generating knowledge for preventive measures. The Nordic welfare states, with their view that work should contribute to personal growth and health, should have a special interest in research and knowledge for such a development.
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| 25. |
- Aronsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between a long-term health measure and self-rated health and symptoms in the Swedish working population
- 2009
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Ingår i: Validation and test of central concepts in positive work and organizational psychology. - Köpenhamn : Nordic Council of Ministers. - 9789289319195 ; , s. 59-63
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to construct a measure of good long-term health based on sickness absenteeism (SA)/sickness presenteeism (SP) and to investigate its relationship to self-rated health and self-reported symptoms. The analyses were performed on data from three Swedish projects with representative samples but with some differences in the subjects’ age and type of employment. The result show clear relationships between the measure of long-term health and self-ratings of health and investigated self-reported symptoms. There are differences in the absolute level of self-rated health in the three datasets, but these may be ascribed to differences in the rating scales and distributions. The most interesting result is that the rank for the three sets of data is the same. Of the two intermediate categories, the group with high sickness presenteeism/low sickness absenteeism seems to have a somewhat more problematic health situation than the group with low sickness presenteeism/high sickness absenteeism.
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| 26. |
- Aronsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Samband mellan sjuknärvaro, sjukfrånvaro och självskattad hälsa i den yrkesaktiva befolkningen
- 2009
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Samband mellan sjuknärvaro respektive sjukfrånvaro och hälsa undersöktes i fem svenska datamaterial (n=425-3622), från perioden 1992-2005. Syftet var att jämföra storleken på sambanden mellan sjuknärvaro respektive sjukfrånvaro och självskattad hälsa samt om dessa är betingade av arbetsorganisatoriska och ekonomiska förhållanden. Resultaten visade nästan undantagslöst signifikanta samband mellan sjuknärvaro och sjukfrånvaro respektive självskattad hälsa med högre samband mellan sjuknärvaro och hälsa. Stegvisa logistiska regressionsanalyser visade att självskattad hälsa i ett av materialen predicerades av en kombination av sjuknärvaro och sjukfrånvaro med en förklarad varians på 25,7 procent. I multipla logistiska regressionsanalyser steg oddskvoterna på ett regelbundet sätt för både sjuknärvaro och sjukfrånvaro med de högsta oddskvoterna för sjuknärvaro. Det framkom inte någon interaktionseffekt mellan de två måtten. Ju mer svårersättlig (höga närvarokrav) en individ är desto starkare är sambandet sjuknärvaro och självskattad hälsa. För sjukfrånvaro och hälsa gällde istället att sambandet var högre i gruppen som hade ersättbara arbetsuppgifter. Sjuknärvaro visade även högre samband med ohälsa än sjukfrånvaro bland individer med dålig privatekonomisk situation. Avslutningsvis diskuteras värdet av ett kombinerat sjuknärvaro- och sjukfrånvaromått och om vissa grupper i arbetslivet har sämre hälsa än vad sjukfrånvaromåttet indikerar.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Benckert, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Diskutera fysik i grupp! : Utgå från kontextrika problem
- 2007
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I denna bok berättar vi om våra erfarenheter från undervisning i form av gruppdiskussioner runt kontextrika (verklighetsanknutna) problem, vi ger tips på hur sådana problem kan konstrueras och vi delar med oss av exempel på kontextrika problem. Vi som skrivit denna bok har använt gruppdiskussioner runt kontextrika problem under några år i vår egen undervisning och vi tycker oss se att denna undervisning ofta fungerar bra. Vi har också deltagit i ett gemensamt forskningsprojekt med syftet att förstå hur användningen av gruppdiskussioner med kontextrika problem påverkar studenternas/elevernas förståelse av fysikaliska begrepp. Vi undersökte även hur problemen bör utformas för att intressera gymnasieeleverna. Resultaten från detta projekt utgör en bakgrund för boken.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Dahlgren, Inger, 1942-
(författare)
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Analys av en utvärderingsmodell för förebyggande arbete inom socialpedagogiskt hälsoarbete
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main purpose of this thesis is to find, test and develop a method/model for evaluating socio-educational work in mental health. The intention is not to do a complete evaluation but rather to illustrate how a model can be applied.The starting point is a model of self-assessment that shares many similarities with both programme-evaluation and evaluation with the use of stakeholders. The arguments used for evaluation in this study are based mainly on the aims to ‘promote and improve’ and ‘develop and critically analyse’. The arguments used to support a user-orientation are the service-adaptation argument and the bottom-up perspective.A self-assessment model i.e. an institutional and professional model was utilized for this evaluation because the service studied was a collaborative, preventive effort between Social Services and Primary Care focused on families with children. The model for self-assessment is combined with ‘SWOT-thinking’ which will assist planning, implementation and evaluation of a complex service.This model takes both the target group/target groups, the staff and the organisation into consideration. The frame factors, the process and the achievements are analysed for each of the included components. This model facilitates studying the relationships between the various parts of the model and further allows for a bottom-up and top-down perspective and for shifting between the various perspectives.This study is important because it demonstrates that several aspects of complex services can be studied with the aid of a self-assessment model. The model can be applied to planning, development, quality assurance and evaluation. By studying relationships within the model it is possible to proceed from any one segment in the model and follow how it influences every other segment. Thus it is possible to some extent predict later complications or highlight areas requiring further attention.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Enghag, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Context Rich Problems in Physics for Upper Secondary School
- 2004
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Ingår i: Science Education International. - 1450-104X. ; 16:4, s. 293-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports observations from one of several case studies of students working with con text rich problems (CRP) and mini projects (MP) in an upper secondary school class. This small group work concerns the problem-solving of a context rich problem during an 80-minute lesson of physics. We have videofilmed a group of girls during their work, thereafter we have transcribed and analysed the videotape from how group discussions in physics influence the students' learning. Interactions between students during the group discussion are of different types. When it comes to development of conceptual understanding the girls go into exploratory talks, a kind of talks described by Douglas Barnes in the 1970s. The amount of talk within different categories of talk, how the amount of talk in different cate gories is divided amongst the girls, and their steps in the problem-solving are specified. The importance of timefor reflective talks in physics to enhance learning is high-lighted by quotations from the girls ' discussions.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Enghag, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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From everyday life experiences to physics understanding occurring in small group work with context rich problems during introductory physics work at university
- 2007
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Ingår i: Research in Science Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0157-244X .- 1573-1898. ; 37:4, s. 449-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do students bridge everyday life views into physics understanding? We report from in-depth analysis of one group of four students, video-recorded over 135 min solving a context rich problem (CRP). Through transcripts of the group's conversations and from flow-charts made of thegroup talk we have categorised how students' experiences develop into physics reasoning. The conversations in the cooperative group are sometimes carried out by 'exploratory talks', but there are also parts of the conversation where the students develop their own thoughts without response from the others. Some evidence is given of: 1) how the students use exploratory talks to reach consensus about the boundary conditions of the task; 2) how the students state the problem more precisely by starting to talk about experiences they have had and to use their experiences as arguments, and 3) how individual questions are formulated in a process of meaning making. We find in this case-study that students' personaleveryday life experience develops into physics reasoning during group talk. We argue accordingly for more time in the physics classroom to solve open ended physics problems which promote group discussions taking departure from own experiences and enhance physics understanding.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Enghag, Margareta, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Talking physics during small-group work with context rich problems : analysed from an ownership perspective
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education. - New York : Springer. - 1571-0068 .- 1573-1774. ; 7:3, s. 455-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study provides analyses of the conversations when university students work in small groups solving context-rich physics problems. We constructed context-rich, open-ended physics problems related to everyday life situations that lack some information required to solve and complete the tasks. The students' ownership of learning, their actions of choice and control, was analyzed in two dimensions: group and individual. Conversation analyses and flowcharts of the conversation were constructed from the complete transcripts of three groups. The theoretical framework for student ownership of learning demonstrated that it was possible to show that even if students have group ownership of the task, the individual student ownership of learning is not self-evident. The study also demonstrates the methodological power and value of the flowchart to identify conversation patterns in the groups that were effective in the search for exploratory talks and individual questions. We discuss implications for teacher development to enhance group work
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Gustafsson, Björn, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A tetrameric copper(I) alkoxide with a pi-tethered ligand: 2-allyl-6-methylphenoxocopper(I)
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. - 0022-328X. ; 649:2, s. 204-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complex 2-allyl-6-methylphenoxocopper(I) has been prepared by reaction between mesitylcopper(I) and 2-allyl-6-methylphenol. Crystallographic studies show that the compound is tetrameric with a distorted cubane-type copper(I)-oxygen core, and with additional pi-coordination of the ligand to copper through the alkene functionality (nu(C=C)=1520 cm(-1)). The ligands thus act both as chelates and as bridges between adjacent copper(l) centres. Copper(l) exhibits trigonal pyramidal coordination geometry with Cu-C distances to the C=C group of 1.976(9) and 2.017(11) Angstrom and Cu-O distances of 1.973(6), 2.021(6) and 2.577(6) Angstrom, respectively.
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| 45. |
- Gustafsson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Anterograde delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to striatum via nigral transduction of recombinant adeno-associated virus increases neuronal death but promotes neurogenic response following stroke.
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 1460-9568 .- 0953-816X. ; 17:12, s. 2667-2678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- o explore the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor for survival and generation of striatal neurons after stroke, recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors carrying brain-derived neurotrophic factor or green fluorescent protein genes were injected into right rat substantia nigra 4–5 weeks prior to 30 min ipsilateral of middle cerebral artery occlusion. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor–recombinant adeno-associated viral transduction markedly increased the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein by nigral cells. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was transported anterogradely to the striatum and released in biologically active form, as revealed by the hypertrophic response of striatal neuropeptide Y-positive interneurons. Animals transduced with brain-derived neurotrophic factor-recombinant adeno-associated virus also exhibited abnormalities in body posture and movements, including tilted body to the right, choreiform movements of left forelimb and head, and spontaneous, so-called 'barrel' rotation along their long axis. The continuous delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor had no effect on the survival of striatal projection neurons after stroke, but exaggerated the loss of cholinergic, and parvalbumin- and neuropeptide Y-positive, γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic interneurons. The high brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the animals subjected to stroke also gave rise to an increased number of striatal cells expressing doublecortin, a marker for migrating neuroblasts, and cells double-labelled with the mitotic marker, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate, and early neuronal (Hu) or striatal neuronal (Meis2) markers. Our findings indicate that long-term anterograde delivery of high levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases the vulnerability of striatal interneurons to stroke-induced damage. Concomitantly, brain-derived neurotrophic factor potentiates the stroke-induced neurogenic response, at least at early stages.
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| 46. |
- Gustafsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Invasive Staphylococcus aureus strains are highly variable in PFGE patterns, agr group and exoprotein production
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 41:8, s. 577-583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we have investigated 37 invasive Staphylococcus aureus strains (collected between 1997 and 2005) from 33 human episodes of septicaemia causing either endocarditis or vertebral osteomyelitis. All S. aureus strains were typed using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and most strains belonged to any of 4 different PFGE clusters. There was no correlation between any of the PFGE clusters with site of infection. All strains showed highly different expression patterns of extracellular proteins, i.e. we found a vast variation in the number of proteins and amount of individual proteins expressed by the different strains. There was no correlation between any cluster of exoprotein patterns with endocarditis or with vertebral osteomyelitis. We did not find any correlation between agr group and endocarditis, as previously reported. On the other hand, a correlation between some of the PFGE clusters with a certain agr group was found. Known risk factors for S. aureus infections were observed in a majority of the patients.
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| 47. |
- Gustafsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The acute response of plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a result of exercise in major depressive disorder.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7123 .- 0165-1781. ; 169:3, s. 244-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other neurotrophins are believed to play an important role in affective disorders. In this study we investigated plasma-BDNF response during an incremental exercise test in 18 patients suffering from moderate major depressive disorder (MDD) and 18 controls. The patients were not treated with antidepressants or neuroleptics. Possible associations between plasma plasma-BDNF levels, dexamethasone suppression test cortisol levels and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores were also tested. No difference in basal BDNF levels between patients and controls was found. BDNF increased significantly during exercise in both male and female patients as well as in male controls, with no significant differences between the groups. BDNF levels declined after exercise, but after 60 min of rest BDNF levels showed tendencies to increase again in male patients. No correlation between BDNF and cortisol or MADRS scores was found. We conclude that unmedicated patients with moderate depression and normal activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis do not have a disturbed peripheral BDNF release during exercise. The BDNF increase 60 min after interruption of exercise in male patients might indicate up-regulated BDNF synthesis, but this needs to be further investigated in future studies.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Gustafsson, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between Self-Ratings of Recovery and Morning Salivary Cortisol
- 2007
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Ingår i: The XIII th European Congress of Work and Organizational Psychology.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The understanding of how self-ratings of work-related rest and recovery relate to cortisol output is poor. This study aimed to investigate the associations between self-ratings of 15 items of rest and recovery and salivary cortisol measured every second hour during two work days. Data came from 12 female and 13male white-collar workers and were analyzed by linear regression analyses and repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed that poor rest and recovery was associated with high levels of morning cortisol. The strongest relationships between single items and salivary cortisol emerged for ”rested in the morning”,”rested after a weekend”, ”feel energetic during the working day”, ”tired during the working day”, ”sufficient sleep” and ”worry about something”. Furthermore, significant interaction effects were found between sex and “rested after a weekend” and “worry about something”. To conclude, the findings show linkages between self-ratings of rest and recovery and cortisol levels, particularly morning cortisol. This suggests that self-ratings of rest and recovery provide important information on physiological recovery in terms of cortisol output.
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| 50. |
- Gustafsson, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships between self-rating of recovery from work and morning salivary cortisol
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 50:1, s. 24-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To date, the understanding of how recovery from work relates to cortisol output is poor. Considering this, the present study set out to investigate the associations between self-ratings of 15 items of rest and recovery and salivary cortisol sampled every second hour across two working days. Data came from 12 female and 13 male white-collar workers and were analyzed by linear regression analyses and repeated measures ANOVA. Poor rest and recovery was associated with high levels of morning cortisol, with the strongest relationships emerging for "rested in the morning", "rested after a weekend", "feel energetic during the working day", "tired during the working day", "sufficient sleep" and "worry about something". Moreover, significant interaction effects emerged between sex and "rested after a weekend" and "worry about something". To conclude, the findings show that self-ratings of rest and recovery are related to cortisol, particularly to morning cortisol, and that self-ratings provide important information on physiological recovery in terms of cortisol output.
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