| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Mariana S., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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DigidelCenter i Motala : Lärdomar för ökad digital kompetens
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital delaktighet är en demokratisk rättighet. Därför är digitalt utanförskap ett demokratiskt problem när allt fler offentliga tjänster hanteras i digitala kanaler med allt från bankärenden till skolfrågor, bussturlistor och kommunal information. I FN:s Agenda 2030 för hållbar utveckling, som ligger till grund för en del av forskningen som presenteras i denna rapport, talas det om att ingen ska lämnas efter eller utanför – alla ska med. Vi tar denna uppmaning från global policy som ett riktmärke för studier av lokal praktik.I rapporten presenteras kommunens och bibliotekens roll i vår digitala omvärld. På biblioteket stöttar medarbetarna medborgarna med både informationsinhämtning och att lära sig att använda digital teknik. Biblioteksmedarbetarna arbetar också med yttrandefrihet, medie- och informationskunskap och hållbar utveckling. Vi beskriver arbetet på bibliotek för att kunna tillmötesgå såväl politiska förväntningar och lokala realiteter, som vilka kompetenser personalen behöver och hur arbetet kan organiseras. Ett syfte har även varit att sprida erfarenheter av de arbetssätt för digital delaktighet som utvecklas på DigidelCenter i Motala, till i första hand politiker och tjänstemän i Sverige. Karaktären på studierna har varit aktionsforskning där design och resultat kontinuerligt diskuteras med intresserade aktörer i kommunen och på bibliotek i samverkan, i Östergötland.I rapporten beskriver och analyserar vi arbetet på DigidelCenter i Motala kommun som en demokratisk arena. Motalas arbete har i flera sammanhang lyfts fram som en framgångsrik modell för att stödja digital inkludering, bland annat av digitaliseringsministern Peter Eriksson vid hans besök våren 2018. Det framhölls även när regeringen lanserade en satsning på flera DigidelCenter runt om i Sverige och sköt till medel för arbetet (Regeringen Pressmeddelande, 2018). Därför står arbetet på Motala bibliotek i fokus här.En utmaning här är svårigheterna att mäta digital kompetens, men även hur den kan studeras och beforskas. I policydokument finns många olika perspektiv som pendlar mellan uppfattningar om enskilda personers kompetens att vara aktiva medborgare (EU:s styrdokument/ EU, 2017?), till krav på tjänstemän och medarbetares digitala kompetens att kunna förklara för andra, visa och leda (OECD, 2017). I båda fallen handlar det om vad som händer i möten med digital teknik.Vi presenterar resultat från aktiviteter med besökare och deltagare i DigidelCenters verksamhet i form av observationer, en enkätstudie, och intervjuer med bibliotekspersonal och kommunala politiker. Dessa olika sammanhang visar på vad vi måste förstå för att tala om digital delaktighet i det offentliga, det vill säga det vi har för avsikt att studera inom forskargruppen DINO.Resultaten indikerar att arbetet med digital inkludering behöver fortsätta, samt att det handlar om mer än tillgång till teknik - kompetens är också viktigt. Resultaten från DigidelCenter i Motala visar även att personal som i sin tjänst möter människor med digitala frågor behöver både pedagogisk kompetens och kännedom om samhällets logik kring var olika e-tjänster ”hör hemma”. Dessa resultat kommer att bidra till att utveckla stöd för dem som arbetar med digital kompetens och inkludering.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Mariana S., 1978-
(författare)
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Digitalization and the Challenge of Engagement in New Forms of Governance : A case study on adoption and implementation of the Regional Digital Agenda for Östergötland, Sweden
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a case study on the adoption and implementation of a digital agenda in the Region of Östergötland, in Sweden. I aim to describe and analyze the collaborative policy network around the agenda and the challenges of engagement of key regional and local actors with it. The underlying research question for this inquiry is how can I understand better the difficulties of engaging key local and regional actors in collaborative policy networks on digitalization policies and their implementation, in conditions when administrations and politics are compelled to reform. The study analyses the type of governance network and the difficulties of engaging the different local and regional actors in a multilevel, cross-jurisdictional collaboration. The findings present and discuss challenges such as changing roles, appraisal of utility of digitalization and new collaboration that it involves, ownership of digitalization and parallel networks as hinders or catalysts. It is concluded among others that the network is a hybrid combination of policy community and issue network that really does not govern in practice and still struggles at the moment to hold together.
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| 3. |
- Gustafsson, Mariana S., 1978-
(författare)
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Reassembling Local E-Government : A study of actors’ translations of digitalisation in public administration
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The digitalisation of society decidedly affects public administration. Swedish public administration has long worked with information technologies for an effective and improved management of public services. But new and increased use of information technologies in society poses new challenges. New demands on information security are increasing, while accessibility and transparency are important priorities in policies on digitalisation in public services. However, the central government’s ambitions and expectations with regard to digitalisation face a slow and hesitant implementation in local governments. There are important differences between municipalities in priorities, local needs, and implementation mechanisms in connection with e-government. In this thesis, I argue there is a need to reconsider the role of governance mechanisms in e-government. There is a need to understand local translations of national policies and technological developments in relation to the goals of more effective and legitimate public administration. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse tensions that emerge in the implementation of egovernment in local public administration. On the basis of a constructivist and interpretivist approach, I have undertaken two empirical studies. One focuses on municipal administration of education in Linköping. The other focuses on a governance network on digitalisation policy in Östergötland. The studies are presented in four papers. The issues addressed in the papers are further analysed with a focus on four fields of tension, using network governance theory and translation theory. This shows that the implementation of e-government in local public administration is a tension-laden process. The four fields of tension relate to: different logics and dilemmas for adoption and implementation; concerns and ambiguities in a context of unclear organisational and institutional arrangements; concerns and resistance from professional users; and a reassessment of the meaning of security as a reference for the interpretation of information security. I contend that established managerial and evolutionary models of e-government leave important process-related aspects out of the analysis of change in public administration. The contribution of this thesis lies in its description and analysis of the four identified fields of tension. One significant implication of my analysis is that reassembling current governance mechanisms in local public administration is crucial.
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| 4. |
- S. Gustafsson, Mariana, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Automation of income support in the public social services : a case study of an innovation that is still struggling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Uddevalla Symposium 2019. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847409 ; , s. 187-204
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digitalization of public services has been high up on the political agenda in Sweden, with considerable efforts that accompany other initiatives to reform and modernize production of welfare services and their administration. Digital solutions are used to build both technical and organizational innovations in public services, as well as in bureaucratic decision-making. The “Digital first principle” is guiding the European policies in the field and is also central in the Swedish digitalization strategy for public administration. This means that the contact between the citizens, the companies or other society actors, and the public sector authorities shall initially and to largest possible extent occur digitally. A digital innovation that is currently spreading among Swedish municipalities is automatizing social assistance services mainly addressing income support for vulnerable citizens. In a context of nationally highly regulated income support schemes, the municipalities manage the digitalization of services highly differently, coping with inherent tensions in relation to their local autonomy. We have conducted a long-term case study following such an implementation case in a medium size Swedish municipality. Based on interviews, observations and workshops we can conclude that the implementation is hampered since it is not focusing on the core to coach for self-support and that it even made the system less transparent. This indicates that the principle ‘digital first’ has to be embedded into the core focus of the service and not address shallow interfaces.
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| 5. |
- S. Gustafsson, Mariana, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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It Is Always an Individual Assessment’: A Case Study on Challenges of Automation of Income Support Services
- 2019
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Ingår i: Electronic Government. EGOV 2019. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030273255 - 9783030273248 ; , s. 45-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Income support schemes are key policies in an inclusive welfare state. To make them legitimate they are strictly regulated. As such they provide good prerequisites for standardization and automation, in theory. The aim of this paper is to analyze a case of municipal administration of income support, where automatization is resisted despite managements’ ambitions. We focus on the case workers’ interpretations of changes conducive to automatization and discuss how different service logics may explain the tensions and resistance of the frontline case workers. Our findings suggest that digitalisation and automatization challenge the balance of two logics and raise concerns of accountability in exercise of public authority; and concerns of value in terms of support towards self-sustainability and social integration of the clients (We are humbly grateful to the research council FORTE, for the opportunity to carry this research, through financing of the project: “The computer says no!” – en studie om det offentligas legitimitet och medborgares tillit när e-förvaltningen växer fram. We are also grateful to our informants in the Income Support unit in the municipality who shared their perceptions and experiences in this research.).
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| 6. |
- Sefyrin, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing Digital Diversity in an Advanced Information Society : Ethics of care in a Swedish library context
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the paper is to use the concept of ethics of care in order to explore and reconceptualize the entangled relations that come into play when employees (librarians and others) in a Swedish public librariy context work to support citizens with digital problems. Application of ethics of care lens is interesting in this context from at least two perspectives. It can be used as a theoretical lens to analyze the librarians’ care practices in their mission for digital inclusion and addressing digital diversity needs. By uncovering the entanglements of relations between the librarians, the services, the visitors of the library, and the digital technologies, it opens for a contribution to the reconceptualization of digital citizenship (Mossberger et al, 2008) in relation to digital divide and participation, as well as access to services and opportunities. A care ethics lens is also valuable in terms of uncovering tensions and value conflicts that arise from normatively conflicting principles that govern public administrations in practice, such ex. New Public Management (Giritli Nygren, 2009; Rose, Persson, & Heeager, 2015), or service manufacturing logics governed by business rationale (Cordella, Paletti, Chun, Adam, & Noveck, 2018; Gustafsson & Wihlborg, 2019).
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| 7. |
- Syväjärvi, Mikael, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Using Buurtzorg model as innovation clustering model for regional capacity building in an entrepreneurial context
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Smart Specialization (RIS3) is an innovative approach/strategy to bring together local authorities, academia, businesses and society to boost growth and jobs in Europe. It prioritizes domains, areas and economic activities where regions have a competitive advantage. We introduce an innovation model to facilitate translation of ideas and knowledge into regional implementation. Instead of focusing on technology, the innovator / entrepreneur himself is in focus. The proposed model is based on the Buurtzorg model which originally focusses on supporting patients in health care, and which has an onion frame: the patient is surrounded by informal network (family, etc), next is the Buurtzorg support team, and final level is the formal network (society). The individuals need are steering the health care support, rather than adapting it to the social and economic constraints of the health care system. The team consists of specialists who decide how they organize the work, share responsibilities and make decisions. The team is self-managing and with entrepreneurial spirit. We will argue in this paper that a support mechanism as innovation model may be applicable to regional capacity building, and the support acts as a clustering process. Clusters are often limited by geographical constraints, such as having a number of local actors in a certain field. Clustering may be based on other values than given by physical ones. Our model approach is based on that there are innovators who have visionary ideas which are outside their traditional business. They could potentially be of great important for regional growth since they will create value chains, jobs etc, but given the non traditional innovation character they will not be realized unless there is a support mechanism. Similar to the Buurtzorg model, there is a team of specialists that will support the innovator and the innovator informal network. The specialist team has competencies related to smart specialization, regional growth etc (formal network). When RIS3 is applied to broad areas like advanced materials or nanotechnology such a mediation becomes highly complex. Both these areas include an extremely broad range of areas, examples include anything from food (through modifying functional properties by physical and chemical changes), digital communication or connected systems (new materials’ approaches for faster processors or use of higher/faster band frequencies), to construction related materials (buildings, transport, etc). Very likely they do not have actors located geographically close to create a cluster. For synergistic effects, activities in the RIS3 within advanced materials can be linked to other fields, as well as to implementation synergies. If the smart specialization of advanced materials can interact with efforts in building competence, smart industry, sustainable production, automation, digitalization etc, the advanced materials could then find a value chain in specific avenues instead of building ones in its own area. This is a viable route to hold together the fragmented and broad character of advanced materials field, where transferring/translation activities (competence, technical, etc) are a binding agent. Therefore, the specialist team is crucial for such transfer, and a core element in an innovation model.
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