| 1. |
- Gustavsson, Leif, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Climate change effects of forestry and substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 67:January, s. 612-624
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the climate effects of directing forest management in Sweden towards increased carbon storage in forests with more land set-aside for protection, or towards increased forest production for the substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels, relative to a reference case of current forest management. We develop various scenarios of forest management and biomass use to estimate the carbon balances of the forest systems, including ecological and technological components, and their impacts on the climate in terms of radiative forcing. The scenario with increased set-aside area and the current level of forest residue harvest resulted in lower cumulative carbon emissions compared to the reference case for the first 90 years, but then showed higher emissions as reduced forest harvest led to higher carbon emissions from energy and material systems. For the reference case of current forest management, increased harvest of forest residues gave increased climate benefits. The most climatically beneficial alternative, expressed as reduced cumulative radiative forcing, in both the short and long terms is a strategy aimed at high forest production, high residue recovery rate, and high efficiency utilization of harvested biomass. Active forest management with high harvest levels and efficient forest product utilization will provide more climate benefit, compared to reducing harvest and storing more carbon in the forest.
|
|
| 2. |
- Rudberg, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term health-related quality of life, survival and costs by different levels of functional outcome six months after stroke
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Stroke Journal. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 2396-9873 .- 2396-9881. ; 3:2, s. 157-164
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Information about the impact of functional outcome after stroke is currently missing on health-related quality of life, survival and costs. This information would be valuable for health economic evaluations and for allocation of resources in stroke health care. Patients and methods: Data on 297 Swedish patients included in the Third International Stroke Trial were analysed including functional outcome at six months (measured by Oxford Handicap Scale), health-related quality of life up to 18 months (EQ-5D-3L) and survival up to 36 months. We used record linkage to collect data on costs up to 36 months, using national patient registers. Results: Patients with a better functional outcome level at six months had a significantly better health-related quality of life at 18 months (p<0.05), better long-term survival (p<0.05) and lower costs (p<0.001), for all time points up to 36 months. The difference in costs was mainly due to differences in days spent in hospital (p<0.005). Discussion: This study showed an association between functional outcome at six months and health-related quality of life up to 18 months, and costs up to 36 months. Conclusion: Functional outcome six months after stroke is an important determinant of health-related quality of life, survival and costs over 36 months. Effective interventions aimed at reducing short-term disability levels are therefore also expected to reduce the overall burden of stroke.
|
|
