| 1. |
- Alsanius, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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Förundersökning rörande minskat näringsläckage från odlingar med frilandsgrönsaker i Skåne
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kväve (N) och fosfor (P) är två väsentliga faktorer bakom övergödningsproblematiken. Merparten av de svenska områdena med högt utsläpp av dessa ämnen ligger i södra Östersjön. Områdena kring den skånska kusten har klassats som särskilt känsliga områden. Samtidigt finns det mycket goda förutsättningar i Skåne för odling av kulturer med intensiva produktionsinsatser såsom frilandsgrönsaker. Odling av dessa kulturer förutsätter god tillgänglighet av näringsämnen, särskilt N, samt av vatten. Situationen i dessa kulturer är särskilt känslig i och med att många frilandsgrönsaker skördas i utvecklingsstadier med full tillväxt och då näringsupptaget är som störst. Det finns ett antal redskap för minskning av näringsläckage. Beräkning av växtnäringsbehovet och anpassning av gödslingen är två av dem. För att ytterligare komma tillrätta med problemet finns odlingsåtgärder såsom kvävemur, kalkfilter, reglerad dränering, uppsamling av vatten i dammar samt anläggning av våtmarker. Föreliggande rapport bygger på fallstudier i fem IP-odlingar i Skåne. Vi har utgått ifrån fält i fem pilotföretag med intensiva grönsaksväxtföljder i Skåne. De valda pilotföretagen ligger i vattendistrikten Södra Östersjön och Västerhavet. Pilotytorna varierade i storlek mellan 1 och 25 ha. Vi har analyserat förutsättningar för begränsning av näringsläckaget på pilotytorna ur ett biologiskt-teknologiskt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. I odlarintervjuer sållades möjliga åtgärder fram för begränsning av näringsläckaget på de givna platserna. De av odlarna prioriterade åtgärderna bedömdes sedan också ur ekonomiskt perspektiv. Åtgärder på fältnivå som befanns relevanta att utreda vidare var kalkfilter, kvävemur, våtmark, reglerad dränering, biologisk alvluckring/mullhaltsförbättring samt restaurering av vattendrag med hästskovåtmark samt dammar med fosforavskiljning, rötning av stallgödsel, full Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) samt bygga en bevattningsdamm. Åtgärder på kulturnivå var bättre behovsanpassning av N och P dels genom förändrade proportioner i NPK-mikro-gödselmedel och dels genom en lärandeprocess med experiment och uppföljning. För de tre företag som inte redan tillämpade radmyllning vid sådd/plantering, till de kulturer där det var möjligt, var detta en relevant åtgärd. Andra åtgärder var bortförsel av skörderester för rötning och In season-CTF, djupluckring efter sättning/plantering, djupluckring vid bäddläggning samt bevattningsramp med slang. Ett försök att skatta effekten av åtgärderna samt beräkna kostnaden per sparat kg näringsämne gjordes på respektive företag. För kvävereduktion fanns viss möjlighet tack vare ungefärliga utlakningsberäkningar gjorda med STANK. Växtnäringsläckaget varierar mycket från fält till fält, från årstid till årstid och från kultur till kultur. Åtgärder i enskilda företag borde bygga på mätningar och kunskap och förutsätter en individuell prövning. De vinster man gör är dels inbesparade gödselmedel, dels miljövinster i form av minskade utsläpp. Dessa besparingar ska sättas i relation till de ökade kostnader som uppkommer
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Bengt, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Computational fluid dynamics for engineers
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- © B. Andersson, R. Andersson, L. Håkansson, M. Mortensen, R. Sudiyo, B. vanWachem, L. Hellstr ¨om 2012. Computational fluid dynamics, CFD, has become an indispensable tool for many engineers. This book gives an introduction to CFD simulations of turbulence, mixing, reaction, combustion and multiphase flows. The emphasis on understanding the physics of these flows helps the engineer to select appropriate models to obtain reliable simulations. Besides presenting the equations involved, the basics and limitations of the models are explained and discussed. The book combined with tutorials, project and power-point lecture notes (all available for download) forms a complete course. The reader is given hands-on experience of drawing, meshing and simulation. The tutorials cover flow and reactions inside a porous catalyst, combustion in turbulent non-premixed flow, and multiphase simulation of evaporation spray respectively. The project deals with design of an industrial-scale selective catalytic reduction process and allows the reader to explore various design improvements and apply best practice guidelines in the CFD simulations.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bernardo, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Performance evaluation of low concentrating photovoltaic/thermal systems: A case study from Sweden
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-092X. ; 85:7, s. 1499-1510
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some of the main bottlenecks for the development and commercialization of photovoltaic/thermal hybrids are the lack of an internationally recognized standard testing procedure as well as a method to compare different hybrids with each other and with conventional alternatives. A complete methodology to characterize, simulate and evaluate concentrating photovoltaic/thermal hybrids has been proposed and exemplified in a particular case study. By using the suggested testing method, the hybrid parameters were experimentally determined. These were used in a validated simulation model that estimates the hybrid outputs in different geographic locations. Furthermore, the method includes a comparison of the hybrid performance with conventional collectors and photovoltaic modules working side-by-side. The measurements show that the hybrid electrical efficiency is 6.4% while the optical efficiency is 0.45 and the U-value 1.9 W/m(2) degrees C. These values are poor when compared with the parameters of standard PV modules and flat plate collectors. Also, the beam irradiation incident on a north south axis tracking surface is 20-40% lower than the global irradiation incident on a fixed surface at optimal tilt. There is margin of improvement for the studied hybrid but this combination makes it difficult for concentrating hybrids to compete with conventional PV modules and flat plate collectors. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Mediatization of Political Accountability - Politics, the news media logic and industrial crises in the 1980s and 2000s
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 15:3, s. 321-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how political accountability, as a key democratic principle, is performed in the media and how the practices and representations of accountability are transformed over time by the influences of mediatization. The implications of mediatization are analyzed with a focus on how aspects of media dramaturgy and independent journalism influence news reporting of political responsibility and how politicians are held to account in the media. The effects of mediatization are understood as conditioned by other structural changes in political life, in particular depoliticization. The empirical study is designed as a comparison of news reports on two national industrial crises in 1980–1982 and 2008–2011, and is based on content analyses of daily morning newspapers, evening tabloids, and regional and local newspapers. The study provides evidence for a non-linear understanding of mediatization. Significant aspects of media dramaturgy are shown to be rather stable between the two time periods whilst the journalistic independence and interpretations increase as expected. The hypothesis of depoliticization receives some support although the results are not unambiguous.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Furåker, Bengt, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Commitment to work and job satisfaction : studies of work orientations
- 2012
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- People's work orientations and attitudes to paid work are highly important for the welfare of any country. Still, little is currently known about how such attitudes are distributed among different countries, men and women, classes, occupations, age groups and so on. Even less is known about how work orientations have changed during the dramatic social transformations of economies and labour markets during recent decades. What happened, for example, to work orientations in Iceland when the country went bankrupt? The answer is quite surprising. Or, is it true that work is losing its position in people's lives in Western world? What is the relationship between people's attitudes to work and the way they actually behave on the labour market?This timely book deals with these questions - and more - presenting fresh knowledge on changes in work orientations in many countries. It is based on genuine theoretical arguments and thorough empirical studies, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. It is a great source of new knowledge on work orientations and changes in attitudes to work.
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| 9. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Managing multidisciplinarity : growing future creators
- 2013
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Ingår i: Design Education - Growing our Future. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670421 ; , s. 587-592
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preparing students for real life is a main issue for education programs. At Luleå University of Technology, (LTU), this is done by a range of different course layouts and course assignments. Students studying at the Industrial Design Engineering program practice this as group work, workshops and individual assignments always based on the intention to be as close to what students will face after exam in their first employments. Yet there is a major problem with this. Assignments are still not sharp and students know the worst outcome would be to not pass. This paper describes a project assignment connected to an international competition and on a complexity level that needs competences from several different university programs. The project is a competition, which is a successful way to increase focus, commitment and reaching a higher level of result. In this project students have to form their own project organization, plan and distribute work. This is very close to how they are going to act in their future profession and how they have to interact with other professions in the real life situation. Interaction with other programs sometimes occurs but in this project the interaction is on a much higher level because of the complexity and the intensity that is the effect of a competition. Being a part of a bigger project organization gives experiences in collaborating as handling personal problems and people acting unexpected with other competences. Successful competitions results create attention good for students, teachers and the university.
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| 10. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Stimulate student business outcome through needfinding-oriented projects
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Design education for creativity and business innovation. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670339 ; , s. 391-396
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the department of Human Work Sciences at Luleå University of Technology, LTU, there is a long tradition of working in student driven product development projects in cooperation with companies in the industry. The main structure of these projects is to develop assignments together with the companies and let the students address these problems during the projects. This leads to stimulating and real tasks where the students are very committed. However, the tasks are relatively well defined and are more like consultant assignments where the students act like the consultants and work directly with the companies’ problems. The ambition was to increase the element of innovation and entrepreneurship and through that increase the ambition and conditions for starting new companies. To achieve this, need finding methodology based on Patnaik and Becker was introduced in order to give the students a tool to work with more loosely defined tasks. The projects where not defined more than as a few different scenarios where the students were requested to identify needs and from that develop a product or service to satisfy these needs. From the need finding, the use of scenarios and personas the outcome was a number of unique and innovative solutions. The students experienced the new approach as scary at first but gradually started to appreciate it as long as the project proceeded. The course assessment showed that the new way of addressing problems when developing products filled a gap in the methodology package for the students. However, even though the outcome showed a successful result regarding innovativeness the projects ended without being implemented as products on the market. This step seemed to be too much to overcome. According to that an additional aspect was introduced the third time the course was given. From the start the projects were carried out without cooperation with the industry in any way but this time a company committing them selves to buy and produce the best solution was involved. The company introduced in the course provides gifts and profile products to other companies and organizations. This means they have a great number of different products in their collection. The student project groups task was to find and create a new suitable product to offer them. The class of students was divided into groups of four and they all worked with the same assignment in competition with each other. The outcome of this project was a great number of different solutions depending on which target group the students had chosen to focus on and which needs were identified. The result from, the need finding were, in the cases when it was an advantage, prototyped in the rapid prototyping equipment which is a way to make models of high quality close to production ready designs. In the end, several solutions were chosen for production by the company. All in all, this approach turned out to greatly stimulate an entrepreneurial approach and further develop the students’ ability for innovative thinking. The use of need finding-based projects in a strong competitive situation is useful for the students. To focus more towards entrepreneurship and innovation proved to stimulate start-up of new companies and it can also show the students that a self-employed future is realistic.
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| 11. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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University-industry cooperation and student driven projects : a model for educating design engineers
- 2010
-
Ingår i: When Design Education and Design Research Meet. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670193 ; , s. 414-419
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cooperating with industry to create "real life" projects for students is a 30 year old tradition at the Department of Human Work Sciences at Luleå University of Technology (LTU). This paper describes the approach to university-industry projects at LTU, illustrates benefits and problems in the interaction between students, industry and the university. The students´ practice their abilities in product design and project management. This is also a confirmation of the demand for their education in the industry. By being able to practice their future profession strengthens the student's confidence and gives them a feeling of being competent. During the project the students are given good opportunities to start building their professional network. The projects also act as key features in their CVs and portfolios. These projects serve as a display window for the MSc program Industrial Design Engineering at the Department of Human Work Sciences when recruiting new students as well as for marketing the design engineers to the industry. When employed in the industry, design engineers from LTU often hold key positions where they are excellent contacts for establishing new collaboration. Often these former students contact the university with proposals for cooperation. During the years, many student projects have developed into collaborative research projects. In this way we have created a self generating mechanism where new collaboration is created with former students who themselves have worked in these kinds of projects during their own education. A win-win-win situation is created where university, industry and students all benefit from this.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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Förstudie för etablering av en must- och vinindustri på Bjärehalvön : förutsättningar för odling och produktion
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Målet med studien har varit att undersöka förutsättningarna för en utökning av frukt-, bär och vinproduktionen samt möjligheterna för etablering av en must- och vinindustri baserad på lokala råvaror från Bjärehalvön. Intervjuer, diskussioner och studiebesök hos odlare och andra verksamma inom odling och förädling av drycker, kombinerat med litteraturstudier och kontakter med leverantörer till must- och vinindustrin, ligger till grund för det resultat som presenteras i denna rapport. Äppelodlingen är på framväxt i Sverige efter en period av tillbakagång tack vare en ökad efterfrågan och därmed stigande priser. Med en anläggning för must- och vinproduktion ökar möjligheterna för odlarna på Bjärehalvön att sälja sina äpplen till mustning eller själv göra must av dem på anläggningen för att t.ex. sälja på den egna gården eller till andra butiker samt till restauranger och hotell i området. Med dagens priser är det intressant att odla äpplen både för färskkonsumtion och som råvara till mustning. Genom att själva producera dryckerna kan odlare även få del av det värde som skapas vid förädlingen. Sammanfattningsvis visar sammanställningen att det finns goda förutsättningar för både must- och vinproduktion på Bjärehalvön. Kalkyler för vinodling och vinifiering visar att produktionskostnaderna för vin blir höga. Vid en försäljning till Systembolaget kommer det att bli svårt att få ut sådana priser att vinproduktionen i sig blir lönsam. Vinodling och vinifiering öppnar däremot möjligheter att erbjuda besökare på restauranger lokalt producerade viner. Vingårdsbesök med provsmakning och på sikt en Bjäres vinväg till vingårdar i området skulle öka områdets attraktionskraft. Mervärde och därmed ökad lönsamhet kan skapas genom att erbjuda olika upplevelser i samband med försäljning och förtäring av produkterna, särskilt om gårdsförsäljning av vin blir tillåtet i Sverige. Som en del i detta projekt har Nerhammar Consulting anlitats för dimensionering av must- och vintillverkningslinjer. De anläggningsförslag som gjorts kan ligga till grund vid en eventuell etablering av anläggningar på Bjäre eller annorstädes.
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| 14. |
- Håkansson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Matlandet Sverige : små skånska livsmedelsföretag lär sig sälja på export
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport är en utvärdering av en utbildnings- och rådgivningsinsats gentemot nio små livsmedelsföretag i Skåne med omnejd. FoodExport, som projektet kallas, syftade till att hjälpa företagen börja sälja på export. Utbildningen genomfördes av Exportrådet som i projektets slutskede, den 1 januari 2013, slogs samman med en annan organisation och bytte namn till Business Sweden. Projektet inleddes med en kurs, Steps to Export Business Plan, som genomfördes mellan oktober 2011 och maj 2012. Under kursen fick företagen arbeta med att se över sin affärsidé, analysera sina styrkor och svagheter, ta ställning till vilka produkter som kunde vara aktuella för export och bedöma potentiella exportmarknader. Coacher från Exportrådet hjälpte företagen i detta arbete. Den andra delen av rådgivningsinsatsen bestod av individuella Affärschansprojekt. Varje företag valde ett exportland och med hjälp av Exportrådets/Business Swedens utlandskontor knöts sedan kontaker med potentiella kunder i det valda landet. Denna del inleddes sommaren 2012 och genomfördes vid något olika tidpunkter och i olika tempon av de deltagande företagen, men i skrivande stund, november 2013, har Affärschansprojekten avslutats av de sex företag som valde att fullföljas dem.FoodExport-projektet var en del av satsningen på visionen om Matlandet Sverige, där en av målsättningarna är att livsmedelsexporten ska fördubblas mellan åren 2008 och år 2020. Projektet kan ses som en fallstudie där nio företag och deras försök att sälja på marknader utanför Sverige har följts. Varje företag är unikt. Frågor vi koncentrerat oss på handlar om varför företagen valt att vara med i kursen, vilka förväntningar de har, huruvida de får den hjälp de behöver och om de lyckas uppnå sina mål med kursen. Vidare diskuteras hur väl resultaten av denna kurs ligger i linje med finansiärernas målsättning rörande ökad livsmedelsexport och fler arbetstillfällen inom livsmedelssektorn och jordbruket. Är kurser av detta slag effektiva medel för att nå dessa mål?
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| 15. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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Produktionsplanering vid linjeproduktion i växthus
- 2010
-
Ingår i: LTJ-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sallat och kryddgrönt odlas i vissa företag på speciella odlingslinjer där plantorna under sin tillväxt transporteras genom växthuset och successivt glesas. Ett system för planering av produktionen i sådana odlingssystem har utvecklats. Programmet ger en visuell bild av hur odlingsytan används och det kan automatiskt beräkna hur stora omgångarna ska vara om ytorna ska fylla på bästa sätt. Systemet har utvecklats för Svegros anläggning på Thorslunda.
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| 16. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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SluFert, ett datorprogram för beräkning av flytande näringslösningar
- 2011
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Ingår i: LTJ-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I växthus tillförs gödselmedel nästan alltid med bevattningsvattnet och även i vissa frilandskulturer har det under senare tid blivit vanligt att gödsla på detta sätt. Olika gödselblandare finns att köpa, men odlaren måste på något sätt ta reda på vad som ska blandas i stamlösningskärlen och hur utrustningen ska ställas in för att få ut önskad lösningen till växterna. SluFert är ett hjälpmedel för att räkna på de kemiska jämvikter som ingår i dessa system. Programmet kan användas både för enkla vattendrivna gödselinjektorer och för avancerade system med ledningstals- och pH-styrning och recirkulering av bevattningsvattnet. pH, ledningstal, näringsämneskoncentrationer och gödselmedelskostnader beräknas. Dessutom varnar programmet vid risk för fällningar i stamlösningstankarna
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| 17. |
- Håkansson, Krister, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Feelings of hopelessness in midlife are associated with dementia risk in later life
- 2012
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Ingår i: 12th International Stockholm/Springfield Symposium on Advances in Alzheimer Therapy. ; , s. 165-165
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Although an association between depressive feelings and dementia has been estab- lished previously, the nature of this relation remains unclear. Establishing causality has been com- plicated by the typical use of a short follow-up and aged participants already at baseline. The aim with this study was to investigate the association between feelings of hopelessness in midlife and cognitive impairment in later life.Methods: From a representative population in Eastern Finland, originally investigated between 1972-1987, a random sample of 2000 survivors was invited for re-examination in 1998, averagely 21 years later. The mean age of the 1449 persons who accepted the invitation was 50.4 (range 39-64) at baseline and 71.3 years (range 65-80) at follow-up. Baseline scores of hopelessness were related to cognitive status at follow-up, mainly through logistic regression. Adjustments were made for age, years of education, gender, APOE4 and a number of health and life style factors at baseline. In addition we analyzed differences in hopelessness scores between baseline and follow-up within the different outcome groups.Results: Participants with high levels of hopelessness at midlife had more than a doubled risk of cognitive impairment in later life as expressed by an odds ratio of 2.24 (1.4-3.6), even higher spe- cifically for Alzheimers disease. Persons with high levels of hopelessness at midlife and who in addition carried the apolipoprotein allele 4 (ApoE ε4) had a highly elevated risk of Alzheimers dis- ease. There were no significant differences in levels of hopelessness between baseline and follow-up within any of the outcome groups.Conclusions: The results confirm previous studies showing elevated scores of depressive feelings in persons diagnosed with dementia, compared to cognitively healthy persons. On the other hand, the results also suggest that the major portion of this difference could have existed already decades before the dementia diagnosis; Carrying feelings of hopelessness in midlife may have long-term implications for cognitive health in later life. Background: Although an association between depressive feelings and dementia has been estab- lished previously, the nature of this relation remains unclear. Establishing causality has been com- plicated by the typical use of a short follow-up and aged participants already at baseline. The aim with this study was to investigate the association between feelings of hopelessness in midlife and cognitive impairment in later life.Methods: From a representative population in Eastern Finland, originally investigated between 1972-1987, a random sample of 2000 survivors was invited for re-examination in 1998, averagely 21 years later. The mean age of the 1449 persons who accepted the invitation was 50.4 (range 39-64) at baseline and 71.3 years (range 65-80) at follow-up. Baseline scores of hopelessness were related to cognitive status at follow-up, mainly through logistic regression. Adjustments were made for age, years of education, gender, APOE4 and a number of health and life style factors at baseline. In addition we analyzed differences in hopelessness scores between baseline and follow-up within the different outcome groups.Results: Participants with high levels of hopelessness at midlife had more than a doubled risk of cognitive impairment in later life as expressed by an odds ratio of 2.24 (1.4-3.6), even higher spe- cifically for Alzheimers disease. Persons with high levels of hopelessness at midlife and who in addition carried the apolipoprotein allele 4 (ApoE ε4) had a highly elevated risk of Alzheimers dis- ease. There were no significant differences in levels of hopelessness between baseline and follow-up within any of the outcome groups.Conclusions: The results confirm previous studies showing elevated scores of depressive feelings in persons diagnosed with dementia, compared to cognitively healthy persons. On the other hand, the results also suggest that the major portion of this difference could have existed already decades before the dementia diagnosis; Carrying feelings of hopelessness in midlife may have long-term implications for cognitive health in later life.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Håkansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Blueberry Husks and Probiotics Attenuate Colorectal Inflammation and Oncogenesis, and Liver Injuries in Rats Exposed to Cycling DSS-Treatment.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term colonic inflammation promotes carcinogenesis and histological abnormalities of the liver, and colorectal tumours frequently arise in a background of dysplasia, a precursor of adenomas. Altered colonic microbiota with an increased proportion of bacteria with pro-inflammatory characteristics, have been implicated in neoplastic progression. The composition of the microbiota can be modified by dietary components such as probiotics, polyphenols and dietary fibres. In the present study, the influence of probiotics in combination with blueberry husks on colorectal carcinogenesis and subsequent liver damage was evaluated.Colorectal tumours were induced in rats by cyclic treatment with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Blueberry husks and a mixture of three probiotic strains (Bifidobacterium infantis DSM 15159, Lactobacillus gasseri, DSM 16737 and Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 15313) supplemented a basic diet fortified with oats. The condition of the rats was monitored using a disease activity index (DAI). A qualitative and quantitative histological judgement was performed on segments of distal colon and rectum and the caudate lobe of the liver. The formation of short-chain fatty acids, bacterial translocation, the inflammatory reaction and viable count of lactobacilli and Enterobaceriaceae were addressed.Blueberry husks with or without probiotics significantly decreased DAI, and significantly reduced the number of colonic ulcers and dysplastic lesions. With a decreased proportion of blueberry husk in the diet, the probiotic supplement was needed to achieve a significant decrease in numbers of dysplastic lesions. Probiotics decreased faecal viable count of Enterobacteriaceae and increased that of lactobacilli. Blueberry husks with or without probiotics lowered the proportion of butyric acid in distal colon, and decreased the haptoglobin levels. Probiotics mitigated hepatic injuries by decreasing parenchymal infiltration and the incidence of stasis and translocation. The results demonstrate a dietary option for use of blueberry husks and probiotics to delay colonic carcinogenesis and hepatic injuries in the rat model.
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| 22. |
- Håkansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Colorectal Oncogenesis and Inflammation in a Rat Model Based on Chronic Inflammation due to Cycling DSS Treatments.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Gastroenterology Research and Practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-630X .- 1687-6121. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation is known to be linked with development of colorectal cancer, and the aim was to assess the malignant potential and degree of inflammation in a dextran-sulphate-sodium-(DSS-) induced cyclic colonic tumour model (CTM) in rats and to compare it with the azoxymethane-(AOM-) induced CTM model. Tumours developed in both groups, although, in the DSS group, the colonic mucosa appeared edematous and the number of haemorrhagic erosions and quantity of dysplastic lesions were higher as well as the mucosal concentration of myeloperoxidase and faecal viable count of Enterobacteriaceae. The livers were affected as evaluated by steatosis, parenchymal loss, haemorrhage, and inflammatory infiltrations, and higher proportions of acetate and lower proportions of butyrate in colonic content were found. The DSS model seems to mimic the clinical situation and may be valuable for investigation of inflammation-related dysplasia and colon cancer, as well as for altered liver function by endogenous inflammatory mediators.
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| 23. |
- Karlsson, Jan Ch, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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The relevance of studying work orientations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Commitment to work and job satisfaction. - London : Routledge. - 9780415808255 ; , s. 1-10
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Kivipelto, Miia, et al.
(författare)
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Fokus på tidig diagnos och förebyggande i Alzheimer forskning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Finska Läkaresällskapets Handlingar. - Helsingfors. - 0015-2501. ; 173:2, s. 11-19
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimers sjukdom identifieras traditionellt med demenssyndrom. De nya förslagen till diag- noskriterier öppnar ett nytt perspektiv där sjukdomen kan identifieras innan patienterna får demens. Tidig diagnos innebär bättre möjligheter till att hitta effektiva läkemedel och andra demensförebyggande interventioner. Epidemiologiska studier har visat att förutom hög ålder och genetiska faktorer finns det många påverkbara vaskulära, livsstilsrelaterade och psyko- sociala riskfaktorer för Alzheimers sjukdom. I Finland har steget redan tagits från observation till intervention, med fokus på stora multifaktoriella interventionsstudier där flera riskfaktorer och mekanismer påverkas samtidigt (t.ex. FINGER-studien). Tillsammans med två liknande studier i Frankrike och Nederländerna ingår FINGER i European Dementia Prevention Initiative. Resultaten av detta internationella samarbete kommer att leda fram till rekommendationer om en hälsosam livsstil för förebyggande av kognitiv svikt och demens hos äldre. Sådana rekommendationer behövs både för folkhälsan och inom sjukvården.
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| 25. |
- Lagerqvist, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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DNA repair and replication influence the number of mutations per adduct of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mammalian cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: DNA Repair. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-7864 .- 1568-7856. ; 10:8, s. 877-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are an important class of environmental contaminants many of which require metabolic activation to DNA-reactive bay or fjord region diolepoxides (DE) in order to exert their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. In this study, the mutagenicity of the bay region diolepoxides (+)-anti-7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) and ()-anti-1,2-dihydroxy-3,4-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DBADE) and the fjord region diolepoxides ()-anti-11,12-dihydroxy-13,14-epoxy-11,12,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,l]-pyrene (DBPDE) and (+/-)-anti-3,4-dihydroxy-1,2-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[c]-phenanthrene (BPhDE) was compared in nucleotide excision repair (NER) proficient and deficient hamster cell lines. The (32)P-postlabelling assay was applied to analyze DNA adduct levels and the Hprt gene mutation assay for monitoring mutations. Previously, we found that the mutagenicity per adduct was four times higher for DBPDE compared to BPDE in NER proficient cells. In these same cells, the mutagenicity of DBADE and BPhDE adducts was now found to be significantly lower compared to that of BPDE. In NER deficient cells the highest mutagenicity per adduct was found for BPDE and there was a tenfold and fivefold difference when comparing the BPDE data with the DBADE and BPhDE data, respectively. In order to investigate to what extent the mutagenicity of the different adducts in NER proficient cells was influenced by repair or replication bypass, we measured the overall NER incision rate, the rate of adduct removal, the rate of replication bypass and the frequency of induced recombination in the Hprt gene. Since NER turned out to be an important pathway for the yield of mutations, we further analyzed the role of transcription coupled NER versus global genome NER. However, our data demonstrate that neither of these pathways seems to be the sole factor determining the mutation frequency of the four PAH-DE and that the differences in the repair efficiency of these compounds could not be related to the presence of a bay or fjord region in the parent PAH.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Linninge, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on weight gain and gut microbiota in rats given bacterial supplements and a high-energy-dense diet from fetal life through to 6 months of age
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 106:6, s. 887-895
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of a high-energy dense diet, supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) or Escherichia coli (Ec) on weight gain, fattening and the gut microbiota in rats. Since the mother’s dietary habits can influence offspring physiology, the dietary regimes started with the dams at pregnancy and through lactation, and continued with the offspring for six months. The weight gain of group Lp was lower than for groups C (control) and Ec (P=0•086). More retroperitoneal adipose tissue (P=0•030) and higher plasma leptin (P=0•035) were seen in group Ec compared to group Lp. The viable count of Enterobacteriaceae was higher in group Ec than in group Lp (P=0•019) and when all animals were compared, Enterobacteriaceae correlated positively with body weight (r=0•428, P=0•029). Bacterial diversity was lower in group Ec than in groups C (P=<0•05) and Lp (P=<0•05). Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia dominated in all groups, but Bacteroidetes were more prevalent in group C than in groups Lp (P=0•036) and Ec (P=0•056). The same five bacterial families dominated the microbiota of groups Ec and C, and four of these were also present in group Lp. The other five families dominating in group Lp were not found in any of the other groups. Multivariate data analysis pointed in the same directions as the univariate statistics. Our results suggest that supplementation of L. plantarum or E. coli can have long-term effects on the composition of the intestinal microbiota, as well as on weight gain and fattening.
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| 28. |
- Moradian, Esmiralda
(författare)
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Integrating Security in Software Engineering Process: The CSEP Methodology
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In today’s organizations, a vast amount of existing software systems is insecure, which results in compromised valuable assets and has negative consequences on the organizations. Throughout the years, many attempts have been made to build secure software systems, but the solutions proposed were limited to a few add-on fixes made after implementation and installation of the system.The contribution of the research in this thesis is a software security engineering methodology, called Controlled Security Engineering Process, which provides support to developers when developing more secure software systems by integrating software lifecycle and security lifecycle, and enhancing the control in the engineering process. The proposed methodology implements security in every phase of general software system engineering, i.e., requirement, design, implementation, and testing, as well as operation and maintenance to certify that software systems are built with security in mind.The Controlled Security Engineering Process methodology addresses security problems in the development lifecycle. Construction of a secure software system involves specific steps and activities, which include security requirements specifications of system behavior, secure software design, an analysis of the design, implementation, with secure coding and integration, and operating and maintenance procedures.The methodology incorporates software security patterns and control of the engineering process. The software security patterns can be used as security controls and information sources to demonstrate how a specific security task should be performed or a specific security problem solved. Many patterns can be implemented in an automated way, which can facilitate the work of software engineers.The control of the engineering process provides visibility over the development process. The control assures that authorised developers access legitimate and necessary information and projects’ documents by using authentication, and authorization.To support implementation of automated patterns and provide control over the engineering process, a design of a multi-agent system is provided. The multi-agent system supports implementation of patterns and extracting security information, and provides traceability in the engineering process. The security information is requirements, threats and security mechanisms that are provided by matching project documents, and traceability is achieved by monitoring and logging services.The Controlled Security Engineering Process methodology has been evaluated through interviews with developers, security professionals, and decision makers in different types of organizations but also through a case study which was carried out in an organization.
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| 29. |
- Svensson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Substratodlade jordgubbar : projekt nr 36 i Tillväxt Trädgård 2009-2010
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Jordgubbar odlas i krukor som är placerade i rör med under-bevattning i tunnlar i Höjebromölla bärodling, Staffanstorp. Projektet har pågått under 2009 och 2010. Två kulturer odlades under 2009 medan det blev fem omgångar 2010. Det första året 2009 blev skörden som bäst 200gram per planta och totalt ca 22 ton per hektar tunnel, på två omgångar 2009. Under 2010 var skörden på samma nivå som 2009 och det gick inte att nå målet med 300 gram. Det största problemet under det första året var att få vatten- och näringstillförsel att fungera på ett tekniskt bra sätt. Under den andra säsongen har skadat plantmaterial, både övervintrat och nyinköpt ställt till problem med produktionsplanering och skörd medan den tekniska delen med vatten och näringstillförsel fungerat relativt bra. Sorterna Sonata och Salsa har utvecklats väl i odlings-systemet och är omtyckta av kunderna. Andra sorter som prövats är Korona, Florence och Senga Sengana men de kan inte rekommenderas pga. sämre avkastning och kvalité i odlingssystemet. Substrat baserat på torv och med pimpstensinblandning har prövats och en inblandning av 20 procent pimpsten gav samma avkastning som bara torv- blandningen 2009. Pimpsten är ett återanvändbart material som dock ställer högre krav på säkerhet i vattentillförsel och filter som fångar upp lös pimpsten. En kombinerad kurs- och demonstrationsdag för odlare och rådgivare genomfördes i augusti 2010 tillsammans med en holländsk rådgivare, specialist på substratodling av jordgubbar. Vid kursen lades stor vikt på frågor om substrat och närings- lösning till jordgubbar. Den ekonomiska utvärderingen av odlingssystemet visar att en avkastning på 250 gram per planta ger ett självkostnadspris på 15 kr per liter
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| 30. |
- Öhrling, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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The creative engineer : sketching for dummies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Design education for future wellbeing. - : Design Research Society. - 9781904670360 ; , s. 451-456
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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