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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alsanius, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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Förundersökning rörande minskat näringsläckage från odlingar med frilandsgrönsaker i Skåne
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kväve (N) och fosfor (P) är två väsentliga faktorer bakom övergödningsproblematiken. Merparten av de svenska områdena med högt utsläpp av dessa ämnen ligger i södra Östersjön. Områdena kring den skånska kusten har klassats som särskilt känsliga områden. Samtidigt finns det mycket goda förutsättningar i Skåne för odling av kulturer med intensiva produktionsinsatser såsom frilandsgrönsaker. Odling av dessa kulturer förutsätter god tillgänglighet av näringsämnen, särskilt N, samt av vatten. Situationen i dessa kulturer är särskilt känslig i och med att många frilandsgrönsaker skördas i utvecklingsstadier med full tillväxt och då näringsupptaget är som störst. Det finns ett antal redskap för minskning av näringsläckage. Beräkning av växtnäringsbehovet och anpassning av gödslingen är två av dem. För att ytterligare komma tillrätta med problemet finns odlingsåtgärder såsom kvävemur, kalkfilter, reglerad dränering, uppsamling av vatten i dammar samt anläggning av våtmarker. Föreliggande rapport bygger på fallstudier i fem IP-odlingar i Skåne. Vi har utgått ifrån fält i fem pilotföretag med intensiva grönsaksväxtföljder i Skåne. De valda pilotföretagen ligger i vattendistrikten Södra Östersjön och Västerhavet. Pilotytorna varierade i storlek mellan 1 och 25 ha. Vi har analyserat förutsättningar för begränsning av näringsläckaget på pilotytorna ur ett biologiskt-teknologiskt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. I odlarintervjuer sållades möjliga åtgärder fram för begränsning av näringsläckaget på de givna platserna. De av odlarna prioriterade åtgärderna bedömdes sedan också ur ekonomiskt perspektiv. Åtgärder på fältnivå som befanns relevanta att utreda vidare var kalkfilter, kvävemur, våtmark, reglerad dränering, biologisk alvluckring/mullhaltsförbättring samt restaurering av vattendrag med hästskovåtmark samt dammar med fosforavskiljning, rötning av stallgödsel, full Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) samt bygga en bevattningsdamm. Åtgärder på kulturnivå var bättre behovsanpassning av N och P dels genom förändrade proportioner i NPK-mikro-gödselmedel och dels genom en lärandeprocess med experiment och uppföljning. För de tre företag som inte redan tillämpade radmyllning vid sådd/plantering, till de kulturer där det var möjligt, var detta en relevant åtgärd. Andra åtgärder var bortförsel av skörderester för rötning och In season-CTF, djupluckring efter sättning/plantering, djupluckring vid bäddläggning samt bevattningsramp med slang. Ett försök att skatta effekten av åtgärderna samt beräkna kostnaden per sparat kg näringsämne gjordes på respektive företag. För kvävereduktion fanns viss möjlighet tack vare ungefärliga utlakningsberäkningar gjorda med STANK. Växtnäringsläckaget varierar mycket från fält till fält, från årstid till årstid och från kultur till kultur. Åtgärder i enskilda företag borde bygga på mätningar och kunskap och förutsätter en individuell prövning. De vinster man gör är dels inbesparade gödselmedel, dels miljövinster i form av minskade utsläpp. Dessa besparingar ska sättas i relation till de ökade kostnader som uppkommer
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Bengt, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Computational fluid dynamics for engineers
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- © B. Andersson, R. Andersson, L. Håkansson, M. Mortensen, R. Sudiyo, B. vanWachem, L. Hellstr ¨om 2012. Computational fluid dynamics, CFD, has become an indispensable tool for many engineers. This book gives an introduction to CFD simulations of turbulence, mixing, reaction, combustion and multiphase flows. The emphasis on understanding the physics of these flows helps the engineer to select appropriate models to obtain reliable simulations. Besides presenting the equations involved, the basics and limitations of the models are explained and discussed. The book combined with tutorials, project and power-point lecture notes (all available for download) forms a complete course. The reader is given hands-on experience of drawing, meshing and simulation. The tutorials cover flow and reactions inside a porous catalyst, combustion in turbulent non-premixed flow, and multiphase simulation of evaporation spray respectively. The project deals with design of an industrial-scale selective catalytic reduction process and allows the reader to explore various design improvements and apply best practice guidelines in the CFD simulations.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Belin, Andrea Carmine, et al.
(författare)
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Association study of two genetic variants in mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Neuroscience letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940. ; 420:3, s. 257-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction has been implicated in Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is needed for mtDNA maintenance, regulating mtDNA copy number and is absolutely required for transcriptional initiation at mtDNA promoters. Two genetic variants in TFAM have been reported to be associated with AD in a Caucasian case-control material collected from Germany, Switzerland and Italy. One of these variants was reported to show a tendency for association with AD in a pooled Scottish and Swedish case-control material and the other variant was reported to be associated with AD in a recent meta-analysis. We investigated these two genetic variants, rs1937 and rs2306604, in an AD and a PD case-control material, both from Sweden and found significant genotypic as well as allelic association to marker rs2306604 in the AD case-control material (P=0.05 and P=0.03, respectively), where the A-allele appears to increase risk for developing AD. No association was observed for marker rs1937. We did not find any association in the PD case-control material for either of the two markers. The distribution of the two-locus haplotype frequencies (based on rs1937 and rs2306604) did not differ significantly between affected individuals and controls in the two sample sets. However, the global P-value for haplotypic association testing indicated borderline association in the AD sample set. Our data suggests that the rs2306604 A-allele could be a moderate risk factor for AD, which is supported by the recent meta-analysis.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bernardo, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Parabolic Concentrating PVT System
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th EUROSUN Conference. - 9781617822285
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was testing and performance simulation of an innovative tracking hybrid solar system being developed by the Swedish Company Arontis. The Solar8 collector produces both electrical and thermal energy in one system. Its performance was compared with conventional photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors working side-by-side which are already on the market. The solar8 sample tested in Lund is a prototype designed for small demonstration projects and further development is ongoing. The evaluation shows that the thermal collector has an overall heat loss coefficient of 3.1 W/(m2.ºC), an optical efficiency of 65% and an electrical efficiency at 25ºC of 8% per active glazed area. If we account the total glazed area instead, the thermal collector has an overall heat loss coefficient of 2.5 W/(m2.ºC), an optical efficiency of 52% and an electric efficiency at 25ºC of 6%. The electric efficiency of the bare cells is 16%. Annual performance simulations were carried out for the Swedish (Stockholm), Portuguese (Lisbon) and Zambian (Lusaka) climate. From the simulations one can conclude that: Solar8 can be replaced by a traditional PV-thermal collector side-by-side system using less space and producing the same electric and thermal outputs; tracking around one axis placed in North-South direction is considerably better then tracking around an axis set on East-West direction; the global irradiation on a static surface is always higher when compared with the beam irradiation towards a tracking concentrating surface; the ratio between electric and thermal output decreases when Solar8 is moved to the equator.
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| 10. |
- Bernardo, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Performance evaluation of low concentrating photovoltaic/thermal systems: A case study from Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-092X. ; 85:7, s. 1499-1510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some of the main bottlenecks for the development and commercialization of photovoltaic/thermal hybrids are the lack of an internationally recognized standard testing procedure as well as a method to compare different hybrids with each other and with conventional alternatives. A complete methodology to characterize, simulate and evaluate concentrating photovoltaic/thermal hybrids has been proposed and exemplified in a particular case study. By using the suggested testing method, the hybrid parameters were experimentally determined. These were used in a validated simulation model that estimates the hybrid outputs in different geographic locations. Furthermore, the method includes a comparison of the hybrid performance with conventional collectors and photovoltaic modules working side-by-side. The measurements show that the hybrid electrical efficiency is 6.4% while the optical efficiency is 0.45 and the U-value 1.9 W/m(2) degrees C. These values are poor when compared with the parameters of standard PV modules and flat plate collectors. Also, the beam irradiation incident on a north south axis tracking surface is 20-40% lower than the global irradiation incident on a fixed surface at optimal tilt. There is margin of improvement for the studied hybrid but this combination makes it difficult for concentrating hybrids to compete with conventional PV modules and flat plate collectors. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 11. |
- Bertilsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Microproteinuria Predicts Organ Failure in Patients Presenting with Acute Pancreatitis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2568 .- 0163-2116. ; 61:12, s. 3592-3601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The disease course of acute pancreatitis (AP) ranges from mild and self-limiting to severe inflammation, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. At present, there are no universally accepted and reliable predictors for severity. Microproteinuria has been associated with the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome as well as trauma, although its association with AP is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of microproteinuria to predict development of organ failure in AP.METHODS: Consecutive AP patients were prospectively enrolled. Urine samples were collected upon admission, 12-24 h after admission, and 3 months post-discharge for calculation of urine α1-microglobulin-, albumin-, IgG-, and IgM/creatinine ratios. Data regarding AP etiology, severity, and development of organ failure were registered.RESULTS: Overall, 92 AP patients were included (14 % with organ failure; 6 % with severe AP). The α1-microglobulin-, albumin-, and IgG/creatinine ratios correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 48 h after admission (r = 0.47-0.61, p < 0.001 for all). They were also significantly higher in patients with versus without organ failure (p < 0.05 for all). The α1-microglobulin/creatinine ratio upon admission predicted organ failure [adjusted odds ratio 1.286, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.024-1.614] with similar accuracy (AUROC 0.81, 95 % CI 0.69-0.94) as the more complex APACHE II score (AUROC 0.86, 95 % CI 0.70-1.00).CONCLUSION: The α1-microglobulin/creatinine ratio upon presentation with AP is related to inflammation and predicts development of organ failure. Further studies are warranted to evaluate its potential usefulness in predicting outcome for AP patients.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Bränning, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Blueberry husks and multi-strain probiotics affect colonic fermentation in rats.
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 100:1, s. 859-870
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate how blueberry husks and/or mixtures of probiotic strains (Lactobacillus crispatus DSM16743, L. gasseri DSM16737 and L. plantarum DSM15313 (LABmix), or Bifidobacterium infantis DSM15159 and DSM15161 (BIFmix)) affect colonic fermentation, caecal counts of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, body weight gain, and blood concentrations of carboxylic acids (CA) and ammonia in rats. Dietary fibres in blueberry husks were fermented to 61 % in colon, and the elevated faecal excretion of fibre and protein contributed to the high faecal bulking capacity (1.3). The caecal pool of CA was higher in rats fed blueberry husks than the fibre-free control (P < 0.05), and the propionic acid proportion was higher in the distal colon than in the control group (P < 0.05). Probiotics lowered the caecal amount of CA when added to blueberry husks (P < 0.001), while the propionic acid proportion was higher with LABmix (P < 0.01) than blueberry husks only. The propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations in blood were higher in rats fed blueberry husks and probiotics than those fed blueberry husks only (P < 0.01), implying that the absorption of these acids was facilitated by the bacteria. The caecal counts of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were lower in rats fed blueberry husks than the control diet (P < 0.05). The body weight gain was partly influenced by the caecal tissue and contents weights, and BIFmix decreased the ammonia concentration in blood (P < 0.05). We conclude that colonic fermentation is differentially affected by dietary fibre and probiotics, which may be of importance when developing foods with certain health effects.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Börjesson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A software tool for increased efficiency in observer performance studies in radiology.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 114:1-3, s. 45-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observer performance studies are time-consuming tasks, both for the participating observers and for the scientists collecting and analysing the data. A possible way to optimise such studies is to perform them in a completely digital environment. A software tool-ViewDEX (Viewer for Digital Evaluation of X-ray images)-has been developed in Java, enabling it to function on almost any computer. ViewDEX is designed to handle several types of studies, such as visual grading analysis (VGA), image criteria scoring (ICS) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The results from each observer are saved in a log file, which can be exported for further analysis in, for example, a special software for analysing ROC results. By using ViewDEX for an ROC experiment, an evaluation rate of approximately 200 images per hour can be achieved, compared to approximately 25 images per hour using hard copy evaluation. The results are obtained within minutes of completion of the viewing. The risk of human errors in the process of data collection and analysis is also minimised. The viewer has been used in a major trial containing approximately 2700 images.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Mediatization of Political Accountability - Politics, the news media logic and industrial crises in the 1980s and 2000s
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 15:3, s. 321-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how political accountability, as a key democratic principle, is performed in the media and how the practices and representations of accountability are transformed over time by the influences of mediatization. The implications of mediatization are analyzed with a focus on how aspects of media dramaturgy and independent journalism influence news reporting of political responsibility and how politicians are held to account in the media. The effects of mediatization are understood as conditioned by other structural changes in political life, in particular depoliticization. The empirical study is designed as a comparison of news reports on two national industrial crises in 1980–1982 and 2008–2011, and is based on content analyses of daily morning newspapers, evening tabloids, and regional and local newspapers. The study provides evidence for a non-linear understanding of mediatization. Significant aspects of media dramaturgy are shown to be rather stable between the two time periods whilst the journalistic independence and interpretations increase as expected. The hypothesis of depoliticization receives some support although the results are not unambiguous.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Negotiating politicians' responsibilities in news interviews
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journalism Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-2786 .- 1751-2794. ; 10:8, s. 983-1004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- News interviews are contexts in which political responsibilities are articulated and negotiated. Although the accountability interview is recognized as a commonsense practice in journalism, and the research on political interviews is substantial, it partly remains to explore how responsibilities are negotiated in different forms of questioning in journalism. This study investigates three generic forms of questioning: accountability questioning, the clarifying of promises, and the principal assessments. Key features of the different forms are specified. The empirical study investigates how the questionings are performed in news on industrial crises in Sweden, in the different political regimes in the 1970s and the 2000s. The data consist of 27 news interviews with the formally responsible Ministers. The method is based on Conversation Analysis and includes detailed analyses of questions and answers. The study shows (1) how the forms of questioning differ when it comes to the action agenda and in how responsibilities are invoked and negotiated; (2) how the questionings tend to reproduce particular expectations of Governmental interventions; (3) how increased assertiveness and adversarialness in interviewing coincide with reduced expectations of political responsibilities.
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| 22. |
- Furåker, Bengt, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Commitment to work and job satisfaction : studies of work orientations
- 2012
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- People's work orientations and attitudes to paid work are highly important for the welfare of any country. Still, little is currently known about how such attitudes are distributed among different countries, men and women, classes, occupations, age groups and so on. Even less is known about how work orientations have changed during the dramatic social transformations of economies and labour markets during recent decades. What happened, for example, to work orientations in Iceland when the country went bankrupt? The answer is quite surprising. Or, is it true that work is losing its position in people's lives in Western world? What is the relationship between people's attitudes to work and the way they actually behave on the labour market?This timely book deals with these questions - and more - presenting fresh knowledge on changes in work orientations in many countries. It is based on genuine theoretical arguments and thorough empirical studies, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. It is a great source of new knowledge on work orientations and changes in attitudes to work.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Furåker, Bengt, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Work Orientations: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Findings. Bengt Furåker, Kristina Håkansson (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9780815383291 ; , s. 1-15
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Furåker, Bengt, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Reclaiming the Concept of Flexibility
- 2007
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Ingår i: Furåker Bengt, Håkansson Kristina, Karlsson J Ch : Flexibility and Stability in Working Life. - Houndmills, Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Hellström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Description of ParaSol v3.0 and comparison with measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6178 .- 0378-7788. ; 39:3, s. 279-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parasol is a computer program for calculating the solar and thermal properties of windows with sunshades and the energy demands of a room with a window/shading system. The program has three main features. One of them is a calculation of g, T and U for normal incidence of beam irradiation, which is performed as soon as a window or an internal/interpane sunshade is selected. The other two are based on yearly simulations, using DEROB-LTH, a building energy simulation program on which ParaSol is based. One of the applications gives the monthly average of g and T for the window glazing and the glazing/sunshade system. The other application gives the heating and cooling demands for a room with a window, with and without a sunshade, where input data are given for the internal heat, ventilation settings, shading control and temperature set-points. Version 3.0 of Parasol, which has some new and improved models, is described in this paper. The g-values obtained with this program version are compared with measurements on windows with internal/interpane screens/venetian blinds. The absolute deviation is less than 0.03 for the venetian blinds. The measured values of dark internal screens with closed air gaps exceed those simulated by Parasol, but are lower than the ones simulated with open air gaps. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Hemdal, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Can the average glandular dose in routine digital mammography screening be reduced? A pilot study using revised image quality criteria.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 114:1-3, s. 383-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for tools that in a simple way can be used for the evaluation of image quality related to clinical requirements in mammography. The aim of this work was to adjust the present European image quality criteria to be relevant also for digital mammography images, and to use as simple and as few criteria as possible. A pilot evaluation of the new set of criteria was made with mammograms of 28 women from a General Electric Senographe 2000D full-field digital mammography system. One breast was exposed using the standard automatic exposure mode, the other using about half of that absorbed dose. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images using visual grading analysis technique. The results indicate that the new quality criteria can be used for the evaluation of image quality related to clinical requirements in digital mammography in a simple way. The results also suggest that absorbed doses for the mammography system used may be substantially reduced.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Hemdal, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of a new set of image quality criteria for mammography.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 114:1-3, s. 389-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Commission (EC) quality criteria for screen-film mammography are used as a tool to assess image quality. A new set of criteria was developed and initially tested in a previous study. In the present study, these criteria are further evaluated using screen-film mammograms that have been digitised, manipulated to simulate different image quality levels and reprinted on film. Expert radiologists have evaluated these manipulated images using both the original (EC) and the new criteria. A comparison of three different simulated dose levels reveals that the new criteria yield a larger separation of image criteria scores than the old ones. These results indicate that the new set of image quality criteria has a higher discriminative power than the old set and thus seems to be more suitable for evaluation of image quality in mammography.
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| 33. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-Fertilization of Courses to Improve Student Learning
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education. - Glasgow : The Design Society. - 9781904670780 ; , s. 626-631
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teaching is an area that should be in a constant ongoing development or should at least be a processquestioned and revised according to the fact that the society, the students and new knowledge aboutteaching methods are not static. Whether teaching needs to change in terms of how it can enhancestudent learning opportunities must always be subject to an ongoing process. This article describes thisneed and how changes are made to improve students learning in one of the courses in the IndustrialDesign engineering program. The set up in a program like this is a compromise between two differentprofessions as in this case between mechanical engineers and industrial designers. This is a challengethat is tainted with some problems. One of these problems is to accommodate both professions in thesame application. These compromises are never optimal solutions and this have the result that somesubjects have to disappear or be minimized from each profession. Traditionally design trainingprograms contains more of hands on education than machine engineering programs and students inindustrial Design programs are also expected to have some basic knowledge already when applyingwhen applying to their educational program. Some examples of hands on courses as Model makingand sketching cannot be studied only as theory, skills in this case needs training and also timeprovided to allow the knowledge to mature. This article describes an attempt to improve this twoprofession trade-off and how to improve learning in both practical skills and theoretical skills by anew course design. The article also shows how this example could be of interest for other programsand other courses.
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| 34. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Managing multidisciplinarity : growing future creators
- 2013
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Ingår i: Design Education - Growing our Future. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670421 ; , s. 587-592
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preparing students for real life is a main issue for education programs. At Luleå University of Technology, (LTU), this is done by a range of different course layouts and course assignments. Students studying at the Industrial Design Engineering program practice this as group work, workshops and individual assignments always based on the intention to be as close to what students will face after exam in their first employments. Yet there is a major problem with this. Assignments are still not sharp and students know the worst outcome would be to not pass. This paper describes a project assignment connected to an international competition and on a complexity level that needs competences from several different university programs. The project is a competition, which is a successful way to increase focus, commitment and reaching a higher level of result. In this project students have to form their own project organization, plan and distribute work. This is very close to how they are going to act in their future profession and how they have to interact with other professions in the real life situation. Interaction with other programs sometimes occurs but in this project the interaction is on a much higher level because of the complexity and the intensity that is the effect of a competition. Being a part of a bigger project organization gives experiences in collaborating as handling personal problems and people acting unexpected with other competences. Successful competitions results create attention good for students, teachers and the university.
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| 35. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Stimulate student business outcome through needfinding-oriented projects
- 2011
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Ingår i: Design education for creativity and business innovation. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670339 ; , s. 391-396
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the department of Human Work Sciences at Luleå University of Technology, LTU, there is a long tradition of working in student driven product development projects in cooperation with companies in the industry. The main structure of these projects is to develop assignments together with the companies and let the students address these problems during the projects. This leads to stimulating and real tasks where the students are very committed. However, the tasks are relatively well defined and are more like consultant assignments where the students act like the consultants and work directly with the companies’ problems. The ambition was to increase the element of innovation and entrepreneurship and through that increase the ambition and conditions for starting new companies. To achieve this, need finding methodology based on Patnaik and Becker was introduced in order to give the students a tool to work with more loosely defined tasks. The projects where not defined more than as a few different scenarios where the students were requested to identify needs and from that develop a product or service to satisfy these needs. From the need finding, the use of scenarios and personas the outcome was a number of unique and innovative solutions. The students experienced the new approach as scary at first but gradually started to appreciate it as long as the project proceeded. The course assessment showed that the new way of addressing problems when developing products filled a gap in the methodology package for the students. However, even though the outcome showed a successful result regarding innovativeness the projects ended without being implemented as products on the market. This step seemed to be too much to overcome. According to that an additional aspect was introduced the third time the course was given. From the start the projects were carried out without cooperation with the industry in any way but this time a company committing them selves to buy and produce the best solution was involved. The company introduced in the course provides gifts and profile products to other companies and organizations. This means they have a great number of different products in their collection. The student project groups task was to find and create a new suitable product to offer them. The class of students was divided into groups of four and they all worked with the same assignment in competition with each other. The outcome of this project was a great number of different solutions depending on which target group the students had chosen to focus on and which needs were identified. The result from, the need finding were, in the cases when it was an advantage, prototyped in the rapid prototyping equipment which is a way to make models of high quality close to production ready designs. In the end, several solutions were chosen for production by the company. All in all, this approach turned out to greatly stimulate an entrepreneurial approach and further develop the students’ ability for innovative thinking. The use of need finding-based projects in a strong competitive situation is useful for the students. To focus more towards entrepreneurship and innovation proved to stimulate start-up of new companies and it can also show the students that a self-employed future is realistic.
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| 36. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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University-industry cooperation and student driven projects : a model for educating design engineers
- 2010
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Ingår i: When Design Education and Design Research Meet. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670193 ; , s. 414-419
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cooperating with industry to create "real life" projects for students is a 30 year old tradition at the Department of Human Work Sciences at Luleå University of Technology (LTU). This paper describes the approach to university-industry projects at LTU, illustrates benefits and problems in the interaction between students, industry and the university. The students´ practice their abilities in product design and project management. This is also a confirmation of the demand for their education in the industry. By being able to practice their future profession strengthens the student's confidence and gives them a feeling of being competent. During the project the students are given good opportunities to start building their professional network. The projects also act as key features in their CVs and portfolios. These projects serve as a display window for the MSc program Industrial Design Engineering at the Department of Human Work Sciences when recruiting new students as well as for marketing the design engineers to the industry. When employed in the industry, design engineers from LTU often hold key positions where they are excellent contacts for establishing new collaboration. Often these former students contact the university with proposals for cooperation. During the years, many student projects have developed into collaborative research projects. In this way we have created a self generating mechanism where new collaboration is created with former students who themselves have worked in these kinds of projects during their own education. A win-win-win situation is created where university, industry and students all benefit from this.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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Förstudie för etablering av en must- och vinindustri på Bjärehalvön : förutsättningar för odling och produktion
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Målet med studien har varit att undersöka förutsättningarna för en utökning av frukt-, bär och vinproduktionen samt möjligheterna för etablering av en must- och vinindustri baserad på lokala råvaror från Bjärehalvön. Intervjuer, diskussioner och studiebesök hos odlare och andra verksamma inom odling och förädling av drycker, kombinerat med litteraturstudier och kontakter med leverantörer till must- och vinindustrin, ligger till grund för det resultat som presenteras i denna rapport. Äppelodlingen är på framväxt i Sverige efter en period av tillbakagång tack vare en ökad efterfrågan och därmed stigande priser. Med en anläggning för must- och vinproduktion ökar möjligheterna för odlarna på Bjärehalvön att sälja sina äpplen till mustning eller själv göra must av dem på anläggningen för att t.ex. sälja på den egna gården eller till andra butiker samt till restauranger och hotell i området. Med dagens priser är det intressant att odla äpplen både för färskkonsumtion och som råvara till mustning. Genom att själva producera dryckerna kan odlare även få del av det värde som skapas vid förädlingen. Sammanfattningsvis visar sammanställningen att det finns goda förutsättningar för både must- och vinproduktion på Bjärehalvön. Kalkyler för vinodling och vinifiering visar att produktionskostnaderna för vin blir höga. Vid en försäljning till Systembolaget kommer det att bli svårt att få ut sådana priser att vinproduktionen i sig blir lönsam. Vinodling och vinifiering öppnar däremot möjligheter att erbjuda besökare på restauranger lokalt producerade viner. Vingårdsbesök med provsmakning och på sikt en Bjäres vinväg till vingårdar i området skulle öka områdets attraktionskraft. Mervärde och därmed ökad lönsamhet kan skapas genom att erbjuda olika upplevelser i samband med försäljning och förtäring av produkterna, särskilt om gårdsförsäljning av vin blir tillåtet i Sverige. Som en del i detta projekt har Nerhammar Consulting anlitats för dimensionering av must- och vintillverkningslinjer. De anläggningsförslag som gjorts kan ligga till grund vid en eventuell etablering av anläggningar på Bjäre eller annorstädes.
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| 39. |
- Håkansson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Matlandet Sverige : små skånska livsmedelsföretag lär sig sälja på export
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport är en utvärdering av en utbildnings- och rådgivningsinsats gentemot nio små livsmedelsföretag i Skåne med omnejd. FoodExport, som projektet kallas, syftade till att hjälpa företagen börja sälja på export. Utbildningen genomfördes av Exportrådet som i projektets slutskede, den 1 januari 2013, slogs samman med en annan organisation och bytte namn till Business Sweden. Projektet inleddes med en kurs, Steps to Export Business Plan, som genomfördes mellan oktober 2011 och maj 2012. Under kursen fick företagen arbeta med att se över sin affärsidé, analysera sina styrkor och svagheter, ta ställning till vilka produkter som kunde vara aktuella för export och bedöma potentiella exportmarknader. Coacher från Exportrådet hjälpte företagen i detta arbete. Den andra delen av rådgivningsinsatsen bestod av individuella Affärschansprojekt. Varje företag valde ett exportland och med hjälp av Exportrådets/Business Swedens utlandskontor knöts sedan kontaker med potentiella kunder i det valda landet. Denna del inleddes sommaren 2012 och genomfördes vid något olika tidpunkter och i olika tempon av de deltagande företagen, men i skrivande stund, november 2013, har Affärschansprojekten avslutats av de sex företag som valde att fullföljas dem.FoodExport-projektet var en del av satsningen på visionen om Matlandet Sverige, där en av målsättningarna är att livsmedelsexporten ska fördubblas mellan åren 2008 och år 2020. Projektet kan ses som en fallstudie där nio företag och deras försök att sälja på marknader utanför Sverige har följts. Varje företag är unikt. Frågor vi koncentrerat oss på handlar om varför företagen valt att vara med i kursen, vilka förväntningar de har, huruvida de får den hjälp de behöver och om de lyckas uppnå sina mål med kursen. Vidare diskuteras hur väl resultaten av denna kurs ligger i linje med finansiärernas målsättning rörande ökad livsmedelsexport och fler arbetstillfällen inom livsmedelssektorn och jordbruket. Är kurser av detta slag effektiva medel för att nå dessa mål?
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| 40. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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Produktionsplanering vid linjeproduktion i växthus
- 2010
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Ingår i: LTJ-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sallat och kryddgrönt odlas i vissa företag på speciella odlingslinjer där plantorna under sin tillväxt transporteras genom växthuset och successivt glesas. Ett system för planering av produktionen i sådana odlingssystem har utvecklats. Programmet ger en visuell bild av hur odlingsytan används och det kan automatiskt beräkna hur stora omgångarna ska vara om ytorna ska fylla på bästa sätt. Systemet har utvecklats för Svegros anläggning på Thorslunda.
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| 41. |
- Håkansson, Bengt
(författare)
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SluFert, ett datorprogram för beräkning av flytande näringslösningar
- 2011
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Ingår i: LTJ-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I växthus tillförs gödselmedel nästan alltid med bevattningsvattnet och även i vissa frilandskulturer har det under senare tid blivit vanligt att gödsla på detta sätt. Olika gödselblandare finns att köpa, men odlaren måste på något sätt ta reda på vad som ska blandas i stamlösningskärlen och hur utrustningen ska ställas in för att få ut önskad lösningen till växterna. SluFert är ett hjälpmedel för att räkna på de kemiska jämvikter som ingår i dessa system. Programmet kan användas både för enkla vattendrivna gödselinjektorer och för avancerade system med ledningstals- och pH-styrning och recirkulering av bevattningsvattnet. pH, ledningstal, näringsämneskoncentrationer och gödselmedelskostnader beräknas. Dessutom varnar programmet vid risk för fällningar i stamlösningstankarna
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| 42. |
- Håkansson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Environmental Change : Linking Theory to Empirical Observations
- 2004
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Ingår i: Collected Conference Papers. - Zurich : CER-ETH.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a Cost-Bene¯t Analysis (CBA) of environmental change, in which theory and empirical work are closely knit together. The theoretical framework is used to derive a cost-bene¯t rule for projects that a®ect wild salmon survival. In contrast to many similar studies, we use this dynamic cost-bene¯t rule in structuring the contingent valuation study. Data comes from an ongoing project regarding a potential salmon passage- hydropower con°ict in the northern Swedish river UmeÄalven and its largest salmon producing tributary VindelÄalven. Daily water °ow data are com- bined with daily data on the number of salmon (1974-2000) that pass the hydropower plant Stornorrfors. Detailed ecological studies are used to build the contingent valuation scenario and to study the opportunity costs of re- leasing more water to the potential bene¯t of salmon upstream migrants. We present results from pilot-studies on the value Swedes place on increasing the amount of wild salmon in this particular river.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Håkansson, Carita, et al.
(författare)
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Self-rated health in middle-aged women : Associations with sense of coherence and socioeconomic and health-related factors
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 10:3, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to describe and analyse self-rated health in relation to sense of coherence and socioeconomic and health-related factors and to explore the associations between self-rated health and these factors in order to identify health resources and health limitations in a group of healthy middle-aged women. Healthy middle-aged women from a defined geographical area in Southern Sweden ( n =577) answered a postal survey with the sense of coherence scale and questions about socioeconomic and health-related conditions. The results showed that very good/rather good self-rated health was associated with high sense of coherence and good economic situation, and these factors can be seen as a health resource. Poor self-rated health was most strongly associated with perceived symptoms of tension, weak sense of coherence, treatment for depression, treatment for chronic disease, and difficult economic situation, and these factors can be seen as health limitations. In conclusion, only 29% of the women rated their health as very good and 41% of the women had symptoms of tension but they were not sick-listed. It is of major public health interest to improve the understanding of self-rated health and to develop health promotion for women and methods to prevent symptoms of tension and sick-listing.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Håkansson, Krister, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Association between mid-life marital status and cognitive function in later life : population based cohort study
- 2009
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Ingår i: The BMJ. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833 .- 0959-8138 .- 1468-5833. ; 339:July, s. Article number: b2462-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To evaluate whether mid-life marital status is related to cognitive function in later life. Design Prospective population based study with an average follow-up of 21 years. Setting Kuopio and Joensuu regions in eastern Finland. Participants Participants were derived from random, population based samples previously investigated in 1972, 1977, 1982, or 1987; 1449 individuals (73%), aged 65-79, underwent re-examination in 1998. Main outcome measures Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Results People cohabiting with a partner in mid-life (mean age 50.4) were less likely than all other categories (single, separated, or widowed) to show cognitive impairment later in life at ages 65-79. Those widowed or divorced in mid-life and still so at follow-up had three times the risk compared with married or cohabiting people. Those widowed both at mid-life and later life had an odds ratio of 7.67 (1.6 to 40.0) for Alzheimer's disease compared with married or cohabiting people. The highest increased risk for Alzheimer's disease was in carriers of the apolipoprotein E e4 allele who lost their partner before mid-life and were still widowed or divorced at follow-up. The progressive entering of several adjustment variables from mid-life did not alter these associations. Conclusions Living in a relationship with a partner might imply cognitive and social challenges that have a protective effect against cognitive impairment later in life, consistent with the brain reserve hypothesis. The specific increased risk for widowed and divorced people compared with single people indicates that other factors are needed to explain parts of the results. A sociogenetic disease model might explain the dramatic increase in risk of Alzheimer's disease for widowed apolipoprotein E e4 carriers.
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| 48. |
- Håkansson, Krister, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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BDNF Responses in Healthy Older Persons to 35 Minutes of Physical Exercise, Cognitive Training, and Mindfulness : Associations with Working Memory Function
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 55:2, s. 645-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a central role in brain plasticity by mediating changes in cortical thickness and synaptic density in response to physical activity and environmental enrichment. Previous studies suggest that physical exercise can augment BDNF levels, both in serum and the brain, but no other study has examined how different types of activities compare with physical exercise in their ability to affect BDNF levels. By using a balanced cross over experimental design, we exposed nineteen healthy older adults to 35-minute sessions of physical exercise, cognitive training, and mindfulness practice, and compared the resulting changes in mature BDNF levels between the three activities. We show that a single bout of physical exercise has significantly larger impact on serum BDNF levels than either cognitive training or mindfulness practice in the same persons. This is the first study on immediate BDNF effects of physical activity in older healthy humans and also the first study to demonstrate an association between serum BDNF responsivity to acute physical exercise and working memory function. We conclude that the BDNF increase we found after physical exercise more probably has a peripheral than a central origin, but that the association between post-intervention BDNF levels and cognitive function could have implications for BDNF responsivity in serum as a potential marker of cognitive health.
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| 49. |
- Håkansson, Krister, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Feelings of Hopelessness in Midlife and Cognitive Health in Later Life : A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:10, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several studies have found depression and depressive feelings to be associated with subsequent dementia. As dementias typically have a long preclinical development phase, it has been difficult to determine whether depression and depressive feelings reflect a concurrent underlying dementia disease, rather than playing a causative role. Our aim was to investigate hopelessness, one dimension of depressive feelings, and evaluate the likelihood of a prodromal versus a causative role of hopelessness feelings in dementia development.METHODS: We invited a random sample of 2000 survivors from a representative population in Eastern Finland, originally investigated in midlife between 1972 and 1987, for re-examination an average of 21 years later. The age of the 1449 persons who accepted the invitation was between 39 and 64 years (mean 50.4 years) in midlife and between 65 and 80 (mean 71.3) at follow-up. To measure feelings of hopelessness in midlife and at follow-up, the participants indicated their level of agreement to two statements about their own possible future. We used logistic regression to investigate the association between the combined scores from these two items and cognitive health at follow-up, while adjusting for several health and life-style variables from midlife and for apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) status, depression and hopelessness feelings at follow-up. We compared the associations with late-life cognitive health when feelings of hopelessness were either measured in midlife or at the follow-up. In addition we analyzed the changes in hopelessness scores from midlife to follow-up in participants who were either cognitively healthy or impaired at follow-up.RESULTS: We found higher levels of hopelessness in midlife, but not at follow-up, to be associated with cognitive impairment at follow-up; the adjusted odds ratio for each step of the five-level hopelessness scale was 1.30 (95% confidence interval 1.11-1.51) for any cognitive impairment and 1.37 (1.05-1.78) for Alzheimer's disease. These associations remained significant also after the final adjustments for depressive feelings and for hopelessness at follow-up. The individual changes in hopelessness scores between midlife and follow-up were not systematically related to cognitive health at the follow-up.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that feelings of hopelessness already in midlife may have long-term implications for cognitive health and increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease in later life.
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| 50. |
- Håkansson, Krister, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Feelings of hopelessness in midlife are associated with dementia risk in later life
- 2012
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Ingår i: 12th International Stockholm/Springfield Symposium on Advances in Alzheimer Therapy. ; , s. 165-165
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Although an association between depressive feelings and dementia has been estab- lished previously, the nature of this relation remains unclear. Establishing causality has been com- plicated by the typical use of a short follow-up and aged participants already at baseline. The aim with this study was to investigate the association between feelings of hopelessness in midlife and cognitive impairment in later life.Methods: From a representative population in Eastern Finland, originally investigated between 1972-1987, a random sample of 2000 survivors was invited for re-examination in 1998, averagely 21 years later. The mean age of the 1449 persons who accepted the invitation was 50.4 (range 39-64) at baseline and 71.3 years (range 65-80) at follow-up. Baseline scores of hopelessness were related to cognitive status at follow-up, mainly through logistic regression. Adjustments were made for age, years of education, gender, APOE4 and a number of health and life style factors at baseline. In addition we analyzed differences in hopelessness scores between baseline and follow-up within the different outcome groups.Results: Participants with high levels of hopelessness at midlife had more than a doubled risk of cognitive impairment in later life as expressed by an odds ratio of 2.24 (1.4-3.6), even higher spe- cifically for Alzheimers disease. Persons with high levels of hopelessness at midlife and who in addition carried the apolipoprotein allele 4 (ApoE ε4) had a highly elevated risk of Alzheimers dis- ease. There were no significant differences in levels of hopelessness between baseline and follow-up within any of the outcome groups.Conclusions: The results confirm previous studies showing elevated scores of depressive feelings in persons diagnosed with dementia, compared to cognitively healthy persons. On the other hand, the results also suggest that the major portion of this difference could have existed already decades before the dementia diagnosis; Carrying feelings of hopelessness in midlife may have long-term implications for cognitive health in later life. Background: Although an association between depressive feelings and dementia has been estab- lished previously, the nature of this relation remains unclear. Establishing causality has been com- plicated by the typical use of a short follow-up and aged participants already at baseline. The aim with this study was to investigate the association between feelings of hopelessness in midlife and cognitive impairment in later life.Methods: From a representative population in Eastern Finland, originally investigated between 1972-1987, a random sample of 2000 survivors was invited for re-examination in 1998, averagely 21 years later. The mean age of the 1449 persons who accepted the invitation was 50.4 (range 39-64) at baseline and 71.3 years (range 65-80) at follow-up. Baseline scores of hopelessness were related to cognitive status at follow-up, mainly through logistic regression. Adjustments were made for age, years of education, gender, APOE4 and a number of health and life style factors at baseline. In addition we analyzed differences in hopelessness scores between baseline and follow-up within the different outcome groups.Results: Participants with high levels of hopelessness at midlife had more than a doubled risk of cognitive impairment in later life as expressed by an odds ratio of 2.24 (1.4-3.6), even higher spe- cifically for Alzheimers disease. Persons with high levels of hopelessness at midlife and who in addition carried the apolipoprotein allele 4 (ApoE ε4) had a highly elevated risk of Alzheimers dis- ease. There were no significant differences in levels of hopelessness between baseline and follow-up within any of the outcome groups.Conclusions: The results confirm previous studies showing elevated scores of depressive feelings in persons diagnosed with dementia, compared to cognitively healthy persons. On the other hand, the results also suggest that the major portion of this difference could have existed already decades before the dementia diagnosis; Carrying feelings of hopelessness in midlife may have long-term implications for cognitive health in later life.
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