| 1. |
- Anderbrant, O., et al.
(författare)
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Ecology of the Dutch elm disease vectors Scolytus laevis and S. scolytus ( Coleoptera : Scolytidae) in southern Sweden.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Ecology. - : JSTOR. - 0021-8901. ; 24:2, s. 539-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two rings of pheromone-baited sticky traps surrounded the elm wood at 20-300m and 1-2km outside the forest edge. Most Scolytus were caught at sites in the inner ring near the forest; <1% of the total were caught in the outer ring. Emergence from logs and trap catches showed a first peak in July. Flight activity was recorded from the end of May to September for both species. A 2nd peak of activity was evident in August in 2 of 3yr for S. scolytus.-from Authors
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| 2. |
- Högberg, Marine, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Calculation methods for comparing the performance of pure and mixed working fluids in heat pump applications
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Refrigeration. ; 16:6, s. 403-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three methods for comparing cycle performance of working fluids, pure as well as non-azeotropic mixtures, are investigated for two applications and for two mixture pairs, HCFC22-CFC114 and HCFC22-HCFC142b, and their pure components. The methods differ in the way of calculating the heat exchange processes. They assume, respectively, equal minimum approach temperatures, equal mean temperature differences and equal heat transfer areas. Changes of coefficient of performance (COP) with composition are explained for all methods. It is shown that transport properties must be taken into account when making rigorous comparisons between working fluids. To predict the relations between fluids with high accuracy, one must use the method with equal heat transfer areas. By the method with equal mean temperature differences, the COP can be estimated with the same accuracy for mixtures as for pure fluids, and can be used for rough estimations of the COP level with different fluids. The method of equal minimum approach temperatures should be avoided for non-azeotropic mixtures.
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| 3. |
- Kuang, Qie, et al.
(författare)
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Two-Dimensional Crystallization Procedure, from Protein Expression to Sample Preparation
- 2015
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Ingår i: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membrane proteins play important roles for living cells. Structural studies of membrane proteins provide deeper understanding of their mechanisms and further aid in drug design. As compared to other methods, electron microscopy is uniquely suitable for analysis of a broad range of specimens, from small proteins to large complexes. Of various electron microscopic methods, electron crystallography is particularly well-suited to study membrane proteins which are reconstituted into two-dimensional crystals in lipid environments. In this review, we discuss the steps and parameters for obtaining large and well-ordered twodimensional crystals. A general description of the principle in each step is provided since this information can also be applied to other biochemical and biophysical methods. The examples are taken from our own studies and published results with related proteins. Our purpose is to give readers a more general idea of electron crystallography and to share our experiences in obtaining suitable crystals for data collection.
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| 4. |
- Laurenzi, CA, et al.
(författare)
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Critical life course interventions for children and adolescents to promote mental health
- 2023
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Ingår i: Global mental health (Cambridge, England). - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 2054-4251. ; 10, s. e4-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childhood and adolescence are key developmental periods in the life course for addressing mental health, and there is ample evidence to support significant, increased investment in mental health promotion for this group. However, there are gaps in evidence to inform how best to implement mental health promotion interventions at scale. In this review, we examined psychosocial interventions implemented with children (aged 5–10 years) and adolescents (aged 10–19 years), drawing on evidence from WHO guidelines. Most psychosocial interventions promoting mental health have been implemented in school settings, with some in family and community settings, by a range of delivery personnel. Mental health promotion interventions for younger ages have prioritised key social and emotional skills development, including self-regulation and coping; for older ages, additional skills include problem-solving and interpersonal skills. Overall, fewer interventions have been implemented in low- and middle-income countries. We identify cross-cutting areas affecting child and adolescent mental health promotion: understanding the problem scope; understanding which components work; understanding how and for whom interventions work in practice; and ensuring supportive infrastructure and political will. Additional evidence, including from participatory approaches, is required to tailor mental health promotive interventions to diverse groups’ needs and support healthy life course trajectories for children and adolescents everywhere.
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| 5. |
- Loseth, G. E., et al.
(författare)
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State-dependent mu-opioid modulation of social motivation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5153. ; 8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social mammals engage in affiliative interactions both when seeking relief from negative affect and when searching for pleasure and joy. These two motivational states are both modulated by mu-opioid transmission. The mu-opioid receptor (MOR) system in the brain mediates pain relief and reward behaviors, and is implicated in social reward processing and affiliative bonding across mammalian species. However, pharmacological manipulation of the mu-opioid system has yielded opposite effects on rodents and primates: in rodents, social motivation is generally increased by MOR agonists and reduced by antagonists, whereas the opposite pattern has been shown in primates. Here, we address this paradox by taking into account differences in motivational state. We first review evidence for mu-opioid mediation of reward processing, emotion regulation, and affiliation in humans, non-human primates, rodents and other species. Based on the consistent cross-species similarities in opioid functioning, we propose a unified, state-dependent model for mu-opioid modulation of affiliation across the mammalian species. Finally, we show that this state-dependent model is supported by evidence from both rodent and primate studies, when species and age differences in social separation response are taken into account.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Qi, Yunchuan, et al.
(författare)
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Self-Healable, Regenerable, and Degradable Dynamic Covalent Nitroalcohol Organogels
- 2023
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Ingår i: Macromolecular rapid communications. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1022-1336 .- 1521-3927. ; 44:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamic covalent gels are synthesized from an aromatic trialdehyde and a,?-dinitroalkanes via the nitroaldol reaction in organic solvents. The gelation process can be fine-tuned by changing the starting nitroalkanes, solvents, feed concentration, catalyst loading, or reaction temperature. The resulting organogels demonstrate good structural integrity and excellent self-healing ability. Intact xerogels are produced upon drying, without damaging the network, and the solvent-free network can recover its gel form in the presence of an organic solvent. Furthermore, the crosslinked dynameric gel depolymerize to small molecules in response to excess nitromethane.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Anderbrant, O.
(författare)
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A model for the temperature and density dependent reemergence of the bark beetle Ips typographus
- 1986
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Ingår i: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. - : Wiley. - 0013-8703. ; 40:1, s. 81-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model is presented that describes the reemergence of parent spruce bark beetles, Ips typographus, based on breeding density and temperature conditions. Laboratory data obtained at one constant temperature provide the distribution of reemergence time and different combinations of threshold temperatures and degreedays (°D) at mean reemergence. Of these combinations, 167.71 °D above 7.5 °C gave the best correspondence between model prediction and field data obtained from densely infested standing trees. The model was in good agreement with the reemergence pattern found for two groups of infested logs under different temperature conditions when adjusted for the lower breeding density. The applicability of the model in the study of bark beetle reproductive biology and in forest management is discussed. The method used to construct the model should be useful in developing other models for poikilothermic processes. Modèle déconivant la réémergence d'Ips typographus en fonction de la température et de la densité Ce modèle décrit la réémergence d'adultes d'I. typographus L. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) en fonction de la densité et de la température. Les résultats obtenus en laboratoire à des températures constantes fournissent la distribution des réémergences et pour les dates de réémergence moyenne les différentes combinaisons de température de seuil et de degré de jour (°D). De toutes ces combinaisons, 167.71 °D au‐dessus de 7,5 °C fournit la meilleure concordance entre les prévisions du modèle et les observations dans la nature à partir d'arbres fortement attaqués. Le modèle a montré un bon accord avec la réémergence observée dans deux groupes de branches attaquées dans différentes conditions de la température quand il a été ajusté aux faibles densités d'élevage. La discussion examine les possibilités d'application du modèle à l'étude de la biologie de la reproduction d'I. typographus et à l'aménagement forestier. La méthode utilisée pour construire le modèle pourrait être employée pour en développer d'autres chez des poikilothermes. 1986 The Netherlands Entomological Society
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| 12. |
- Anderbrant, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Field response of the pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer to controlled release of diprionyl acetate, diprionyl propionate and trans-perillenal
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - 0098-0331. ; 18:10, s. 1707-1725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two dispenser types for pine sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) pheromones-glass capillaries and dental cotton rolls-are described, and release rates reported. Glass capillaries of different diameters were used in field tests to determine dose-response relationships of (2 S,3 S,7 S)-3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-yl acetate (diprionyl acetate), diprionyl propionate, and trans-perillenal on the trap catch of male Neodiprion sertifer. A linear relationship between the logarithm of the capillary cross-sectional area and the logarithm of the release rate was found. However, capillaries of the same diameter could vary in the amount released by as much as a factor of 10. Both the acetate and propionate were attractive alone, but no synergistic effect was found. trans-Perillenal did not show any behavioral activity. Dental cotton rolls have been used extensively in diprionid pheromone research without knowledge about release rates. The release rate from rolls loaded with different amounts of diprionyl acetate was determined by extracting rolls after different times under constant temperature and wind conditions or after use in field tests. Quantification of diprionyl acetate was done on GC. The release rate was found to be proportional to the amount applied over several orders of magnitude, and persisted for several weeks. Capillaries and rolls with similar release rates caught similar numbers of sawflies.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Dahlöf, Carl, 1947
(författare)
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Cutaneous allodynia and migraine: another view.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Current pain and headache reports. - 1531-3433. ; 10:3, s. 231-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paradigm of early treatment of the migraine attack at mild pain intensity has become one alternative to circumventing the problem of compromised oral absorption of symptomatic drugs due to migraine-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility. Early treatment also has been proposed to be advantageous because most migraineurs could be less responsive to delayed treatment, owing to the development of central sensitization of the trigeminal pain transmission. Ranking the underlying principles, it seems that the improved response to an oral triptan formulation at mild migraine symptom intensity has more to do with less impaired gastrointestinal absorption in the early stage of the attack than decreasing the time and preventing chances for central sensitization and development of cutaneous allodynia. Furthermore, parenteral administration of a triptan is always more likely to provide relief of symptoms than conventional tablets, even when it is used later in the course of the migraine attack. Individually tailored use of the available triptan formulations will increase, without any doubt, the within-migraineur consistency of response. It also will reduce the overall proportion of migraine attacks or migraineurs not responding to triptan treatment. Notwithstanding, the recommendation of early treatment during the migraine attack when the pain is mild remains valid.
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| 15. |
- Eklund, Patrik, 1958-
(författare)
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Elderly care cost control using observation, assessment anddecision-making
- 2013
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Ingår i: Handbook of Research on ICTs for Human-Centered Healthcare and Social Care Services, Vol. I. - : IGI Global. - 9781466639867 - 1466639865 - 9781466639874 ; , s. 320-329
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal and regional best practices for strategic planning and management of ageing is achieved by developing accurate socio-economic modelling tools based on rigorous design of information and processes. Demographic models enable analysis and prediction of demographic change, and socio-economic modelling, based on ageing information and process design, is sensitive and specific in particular concerning variables related to demographic change. Service forms based on observation, assessment, and decision-making are typically used in home care, adult day care centres, residential care, nursing homes, and/or wards. The suggested approach to socio-economic modelling-based strategic planning is both customer-centric with respect to information and process design as well as care-centric with respect to care management.
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| 16. |
- Fotouhi, Hossein, et al.
(författare)
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SDN-TAP : An SDN-based Traffic Aware Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2016
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Ingår i: 18th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applictions and Services Healthcom'16. - 9781509033706
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Congestion control is a challenging issue in wireless sensor networks with limited channel bandwidth. Thus, many protocols have been designed to provide a distributed traffic control during packet forwarding. However, all these approaches are applied to single-hop communication networks, ignoring the multi-hop restrictions. In this work, we take advantage of software defined networking paradigm by devising a controller node in such a way that it collects all the necessary information from wireless sensor network nodes. Thus, based on hop count and local traffic information, controller decides for possible flow path changes to evenly distribute the traffic. The evaluations revealed that the SDN-TAP outperforms conventional routing protocols by reducing packet loss rate up to 46%.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Gunnarsson, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Patient experiences with intrathecal baclofen as a treatment for spatsticity - a pilot study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 37:10, s. 834-841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study describes how patients experience intrathecal baclofen (ITB) treatment. Methods: Data were collected from interviews with 14 patients (19–76 years old) who were diagnosed with spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS), or cerebral palsy (CP). Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Result: The analysis resulted in 16 subcategories arranged into five main categories: procedures before treatment, the effect of ITB on daily life and activities, continuous follow-up, expected and unexpected consequences of ITB, and overall level of satisfaction with ITB. Together these categories described the patients' experiences with ITB treatment. When the patients were asked whether they would undergo ITB again, they all stated that they would. Conclusion: Patients stated that they were highly satisfied with the ITB treatment. However, the patients identified several areas that could be improved. Specifically, the patients wanted more information about the different steps in the treatment process and what to expect from ITB treatment.Implications for RehabilitationAn overall satisfaction with the effect from ITB treatment was shown, but some areas still need to be improved.Complications following ITB treatment still remain a major concern for the patient group.Future clinical practice, should address how to take into account patients' expectations and define relevant goals with respect to ITB treatment as well as how to supply professional information.
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| 19. |
- Hedenström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Bat flight: aerodynamics, kinematics and flight morphology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Biology. - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9145 .- 0022-0949. ; 218:5, s. 653-663
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bats evolved the ability of powered flight more than 50 million years ago. The modern bat is an efficient flyer and recent research on bat flight has revealed many intriguing facts. By using particle image velocimetry to visualize wake vortices, both the magnitude and time-history of aerodynamic forces can be estimated. At most speeds the downstroke generates both lift and thrust, whereas the function of the upstroke changes with forward flight speed. At hovering and slow speed bats use a leading edge vortex to enhance the lift beyond that allowed by steady aerodynamics and an inverted wing during the upstroke to further aid weight support. The bat wing and its skeleton exhibit many features and control mechanisms that are presumed to improve flight performance. Whereas bats appear aerodynamically less efficient than birds when it comes to cruising flight, they have the edge over birds when it comes to manoeuvring. There is a direct relationship between kinematics and the aerodynamic performance, but there is still a lack of knowledge about how (and if) the bat controls the movements and shape (planform and camber) of the wing. Considering the relatively few bat species whose aerodynamic tracks have been characterized, there is scope for new discoveries and a need to study species representing more extreme positions in the bat morphospace.
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| 20. |
- Högberg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome-based accountability regimes in OECD countries : a global policy model?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Comparative Education. - : Routledge. - 0305-0068 .- 1360-0486. ; 57:3, s. 301-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global diffusion of outcome-based accountability in education is contested, with accounts of universal convergence being challenged by perspectives emphasising heterogeneity across different national or local contexts. This study uses data from PISA to explore, firstly, the spatial and temporal diffusion of accountability across OECD countries, and secondly, whether accountability is implemented as a single coherent regime. Using cluster analysis techniques, we find that most countries fall into a ‘Thick’ accountability regime, with widespread use of most forms of accountability tools. However, this regime is not fully coherent, with some countries relying more on horizontal, and others on vertical, forms of accountability. A sizeable minority of countries fall into a ‘Thin’ regime, in which most accountability tools are largely absent. We also find indications of convergence across countries over time. We conclude that while accountability in education is indeed widespread, and increasingly so, it is not a universally dominant regime.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Högberg, G, et al.
(författare)
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Active multimodal psychotherapy in children and adolescents with suicidality: description, evaluation and clinical profile
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical child psychology and psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 1359-1045 .- 1461-7021. ; 13:3, s. 435-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the clinical pattern of 14 youths with presenting suicidality, to describe an integrative treatment approach, and to estimate therapy effectiveness. Fourteen patients aged 10 to 18 years from a child and adolescent outpatient clinic in Stockholm were followed in a case series. The patients were treated with active multimodal psychotherapy. This consisted of mood charting by mood-maps, psycho-education, wellbeing practice and trauma resolution. Active techniques were psychodrama and body—mind focused techniques including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. The patients were assessed before treatment, immediately after treatment and at 22 months post treatment with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. The clinical pattern of the group was observed. After treatment there was a significant change towards normality in the Global Assessment of Functioning scale both immediately post-treatment and at 22 months. A clinical pattern, post trauma suicidal reaction, was observed with a combination of suicidality, insomnia, bodily symptoms and disturbed mood regulation. We conclude that in the post trauma reaction suicidality might be a presenting symptom in young people. Despite the shortcomings of a case series the results of this study suggest that a mood-map-based multimodal treatment approach with active techniques might be of value in the treatment of children and youth with suicidality.
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| 26. |
- Kosic, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Three decades of increase in health anxiety : Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth cohort changes in university student samples from 1985 to 2017
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Anxiety Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-6185 .- 1873-7897. ; 71
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health anxiety can be defined as a multifaceted trait that is primarily characterised by a fear of, or preoccupation with, serious illness. Whereas low levels of health anxiety can be helpful, clinically significant levels are associated with personal suffering and substantial societal costs. As general anxiety is probably on the rise, and the Internet has increased access to health-related information, it is commonly speculated that health anxiety has increased over the past decades. We tested this hypothesis based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of birth cohort mean health anxiety in Western university student samples from 1985 to 2017. Sixty-eight studies with 22 413 student participants were included. The primary analysis indicated that the mean score on the Illness Attitudes Scales had increased by 4.61 points (95 % CI: 1.02, 8.20) from 1985 to 2017. The percentage of general population Internet users in the study year of data collection was not predictive of student mean health anxiety. In conclusion, this study corroborates the hypothesis of an increase in health anxiety, at least in the student population, over the past decades. However, this increase could not be linked to the introduction of the Internet.
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| 27. |
- Lagunas-Rangel, Francisco Alejandro
(författare)
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Cancer-free aging : Insights from Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ageing Research Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-1637 .- 1872-9649. ; 47, s. 18-23
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer and ageing can be regarded as two different manifestations of the same underlying process—accumulation of cellular damage—and therefore both are closely linked. Nowadays, the ageing of populations worldwide is leading to an unprecedented increase in cancer cases and fatalities, and therefore the understanding of links between cancer and ageing is more important than ever. Spalax is considered an excellent model for ageing and, additionally, for cancer research, due to not show clear age-related phenotypic changes and not develop spontaneous tumours, despite its relatively long lifespan (∼20 years in captivity). Thereby, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge on Spalax, with a particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms associated with their longevity and cancer resistance.Previous article in issue
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Lindström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Parental separation in childhood and self-reported psychological health : A population-based study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1781. ; 246, s. 783-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study is to investigate associations between parental separation/divorce during childhood, and self-reported psychological health, adjusting for social capital, social support, civil status and economic stress in childhood. A cross-sectional public health survey was conducted in the autumn of 2012 in Scania, southern Sweden, with a postal questionnaire with 28,029 participants aged 18-80. Associations between parental separation/divorce during childhood and self-reported psychological health (GHQ12) were investigated using logistic regressions. A 16.1% proportion of all men 22.4% of all women reported poor psychological health. Among men, 20.4% had experienced parental separation during childhood until age 18 years, the corresponding prevalence among women was 22.3%. Parental separation/divorce in childhood was significantly associated with poor self-rated psychological health among men who had experienced parental separation/divorce at ages 0-4, and among women with this experience at ages 0-4, 10-14 and 15-18. These significant associations remained throughout the multiple analyses. The results support the notion that the experience of parental separation/divorce in childhood may influence psychological health in adulthood, particularly if it is experienced in the age interval 0-4 years.
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| 33. |
-
Miljöövervakningsprogram för Östergötland 2002-2006.
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Miljöövervakningen i Östergötland omfattar nio regionala programområden och 30 delprogram. De nio regionala programområdena är luft, kust och hav, sötvatten, våtmark, skogsmark, jordbruksmark, hälsoövervakning, landskap och miljögifter.
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| 34. |
- Mochaourab, Rami, et al.
(författare)
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Private Filtering for Hidden Markov Models
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Signal Processing Letters. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1070-9908 .- 1558-2361. ; 25:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consider a hidden Markov model describing a system with two types of states: a monitored state and a private state. The two types of states are dependent and evolve jointly according to a Markov process with a stationary transition probability. It is desired to reveal the monitored states to a receiver but hide the private states. For this purpose, a privacy filter is necessary which suitably perturbs the monitored states before communication to the receiver. Our objective is to design the privacy filter to optimize the trade-off between monitoring accuracy and privacy, measured through a time-invariant distortion measure and Shannon's equivocation, respectively. As the optimal privacy filter is difficult to compute using dynamic programming, we adopt a suboptimal greedy approach through which the privacy filter can be computed efficiently. Here, the greedy approach has the additional advantage of not being restricted to finite time horizon setups. Simulations show the superiority of the approach compared to a privacy filter which only adds independent noise to the observations.
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| 35. |
- Moghaddam, Reza Rajabi, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical and Experimental Reevaluation of Synchronous Reluctance Machine
- 2010
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0278-0046 .- 1557-9948. ; 57:1, s. 6-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper theoretically introduces and develops a new operation diagram (OPD) and parameter estimator for the synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM). The OPD demonstrates the behavior of the machine's main performance parameters, such as torque, current, voltage, frequency, flux, power factor (PF), and current angle, all in one graph. This diagram can easily be used to describe different control strategies, possible operating conditions, both below- and above-rated speeds, etc. The saturation effect is also discussed with this diagram by finite-element-method calculations. A prototype high-performance SynRM is designed for experimental studies, and then, both machines' [corresponding induction machine (IM)] performances at similar loading and operation conditions are tested, measured, and compared to demonstrate the potential of SynRM. The laboratory measurements (on a standard 15-kW Eff1 IM and its counterpart SynRM) show that SynRM has higher efficiency, torque density, and inverter rating and lower rotor temperature and PF in comparison to IM at the same winding-temperature-rise condition. The measurements show that the torque capability of SynRM closely follows that of IM.
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| 36. |
- Moghaddam, Saman Abolghasemi, et al.
(författare)
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Low‐Emissivity Window Films as an Energy Retrofit Option for a Historical Stone Building in Cold Climate
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 14:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low‐emissivity (low‐E) window films are designed to improve the thermal comfort andenergy performance of buildings. These films can be applied to different glazing systems withouthaving to change the whole window. This makes it possible to apply films to windows in old andhistorical buildings for which preservation regulations often require that windows should remainunchanged. This research aims to investigate the impacts of low‐E window films on the energyperformance and thermal comfort of a three‐story historical stone building in the cold climate ofSweden using the simulation software “IDA ICE”. On‐site measurements were taken to acquirethermal and optical properties of the windows. This research shows that the application of the lowemissivitywindow film on the outward‐facing surface of the inner pane of the double‐glazedwindows helped to reduce heat loss through the windows in winter and unwanted heat gains insummer by almost 36% and 35%, respectively. This resulted in a 6% reduction in the building’sannual energy consumption for heating purposes and a reduction in the percentage of totaloccupant hours with thermal dissatisfaction from 14% (without the film) to 11% (with the film).However, the relatively high price of the films and low price of district heating results in a ratherlong payback period of around 30 years. Thus, the films seem scarcely attractive from a purelyeconomic viewpoint, but may be warranted for energy/environmental and thermal comfort reasons.
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| 37. |
- Moghaddam, V. H., et al.
(författare)
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Multimedia adaptive interactive teaching-learning environment for energy technology
- 2010
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Ingår i: Recent Advances In Circuits, Systems And Signals. - : World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society. - 9789604742264 ; , s. 64-69
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computerized educational (CompEdu) platform is based on the multimedia interactive presentation of a slide show of lecturing material in a non-conventional way where instead of classical linear presentations of the important information, the material is presented in a progressive and concise way ensuring the coverage of large portions of material in shortest number of pages. In this paper, some recent results in the development and implementation of the virtual university environment are presented and discussed. Also some prospectives and advantages of this form of teaching-learning, as well as some questions of international collaboration in the field are discussed too.
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| 38. |
- Moghaddami Khalilzad, Nima, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Energy-aware Multiprocessor Hierarchical Scheduling of Real-time Systems
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiprocessor platforms are becoming increasingly more popular. Providing more computation capacity on a single hardware platform, multiprocessors make it possible to integrate previously federated real-time systems onto a single platform. Multiprocessor hierarchical scheduling techniques provide the ground for composing real-time components, while guaranteeing the timing correctness of the composed system. A considerable deal of compositional real-time systems are embedded systems that operate on battery power. In such systems, reducing the power consumption is of paramount importance to increase the system lifetime. In this paper, we present our idea on reducing the energy consumption when performing hierarchical scheduling on multiprocessors. We formulate the problem, present the model and sketch the outline of the solution. Finally, we present a number of challenges which will be addressed in our work.
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| 39. |
- Moreno-Martos, David, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic on adult mental health-related dispensed medications, hospitalizations and specialist outpatient visits in Norway and Sweden: Interrupted time series analysis.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 90:7, s. 1627-1636
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norway and Sweden had different early pandemic responses that may have impacted mental health management. The aim was to assess the impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic on mental health-related care.We used national registries in Norway and Sweden (1 January 2018-31 December 2020) to define 2 cohorts: (i) general adult population; and (ii) mental health adult population. Interrupted times series regression analyses evaluated step and slope changes compared to prepandemic levels for monthly rates of medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, hypnotics/sedatives, lithium, opioid analgesics, psychostimulants), hospitalizations (for anxiety, bipolar, depressive/mood, eating and schizophrenia/delusional disorders) and specialist outpatient visits.In Norway, immediate reductions occurred in the general population for medications (-12% antidepressants to -7% hypnotics/sedatives) except for antipsychotics; and hospitalizations (-33% anxiety disorders to -17% bipolar disorders). Increasing slope change occurred for all medications except psychostimulants (+1.1%/month hypnotics/sedatives to +1.7%/month antidepressants); and hospitalization for anxiety disorders (+5.5%/month), depressive/mood disorders (+1.7%/month) and schizophrenia/delusional disorders (+2%/month). In Sweden, immediate reductions occurred for antidepressants (-7%) and opioids (-10%) and depressive/mood disorder hospitalizations (-11%) only with increasing slope change in psychostimulant prescribing of (0.9%/month). In contrast to Norway, increasing slope changes occurred in specialist outpatient visits for depressive/mood disorders, eating disorders and schizophrenia/delusional disorders (+1.5, +1.9 and +2.3%/month, respectively). Similar changes occurred in the pre-existing mental health cohorts.Differences in early COVID-19 policy response may have contributed to differences in adult mental healthcare provision in Norway and Sweden.
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| 40. |
- Myhre, Peder Langeland, et al.
(författare)
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B-Type Natriuretic Peptide During Treatment With Sacubitril/Valsartan: ThePARADIGM-HFTrial.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1558-3597 .- 0735-1097. ; 73:11, s. 1264-1272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natriuretic peptides are substrates of neprilysin; hence, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations rise with neprilysin inhibition. Thus, the clinical validity of measuring BNP in sacubitril/valsartan-treated patients has been questioned, and use of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptides (NT-proBNP) has been preferred and recommended.The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic performance of BNP measurements before and during treatment with sacubitril/valsartan.BNP and NT-proBNP were measured before and after 4 to 6weeks, 8 to 10weeks, and 9months of treatment with sacubitril/valsartan in the PARADIGM-HF (Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure) trial. We assessed the association of levels of these natriuretic peptides with the subsequent risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF.Median BNP concentration (before treatment: 202ng/l [Q1 to Q3: 126 to 335ng/l]) increased to 235ng/l (Q1to Q3: 128 to 422ng/l) after 8 to 10weeks of treatment. BNP concentrations doubled in 141 (18%) patients and tripled in 49 (6%) patients during the first 8 to 10weeks of sacubitril/valsartan. In contrast, such striking increases in NT-proBNP following the use of the neprilysin inhibitor were extremely rare. Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan causedarightward shift in the distribution of BNP when compared with NT-proBNP, but both peptides retained theirprognostic accuracy (C-statistics of 63% to 67% for BNP and C-statistics of 64% to 70% for NT-proBNP) with nodifference between the 2 biomarkers. Increases in both BNP and NT-proBNP during 8 to 10weeks of sacubitril/valsartanwere associated with worse outcomes (p=0.003 and p=0.005, respectively).Circulating levels of BNP may increase meaningfully early after initiation of sacubitril/valsartan. In comparison, NT-proBNP is not a substrate of neprilysin inhibition, and thus may lead to less clinical confusion when measured within 8 to 10weeks of drug initiation. However, during treatment, either biomarker predicts the risk of major adverse outcomes in patients treated with angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors. (Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure [PARADIGM-HF]; NCT01035255).
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| 41. |
- Narayanan, Sampath Kumar
(författare)
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A multifactorial approach to targeting signalling pathways in diabetic foot ulcers
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most debilitating complication of diabetes that adversely impacts the health, economics and quality of life of the afflicted individual. The primary pathogenic factor of DFU is hyperglycemia, and its negative effects on normal signaling pathways is still being investigated. As such, there is no specific therapy that could target the underlying dysregulations caused by hyperglycemia. So, it is important to delve into various pathways that are altered by hyperglycemia in diabetic foot in order to successfully establish novel treatment paradigms. Wound healing consists of various phases where different cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis coordinate to achieve a swift healing of the wound. In my thesis, I have investigated several signaling pathways that play key roles in wound healing and are profoundly disturbed by hyperglycemia in diabetes. Notch signaling pathway is an important pathway where receptors and ligands from juxtaposed cells activate signal transduction. Upon activation, an intracellular domain of Notch (NICD) translocates to the nucleus and initiates the transcription of specific targets to control cell proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, differentiation and apoptosis. In paper-I, we show that Notch1 is activated in human and rodent skin and several processes central to wound healing are impaired in response to hyperglycemia in a Notch1 dependent manner. Mechanistically, we show that hyperglycemia activates a Dll4-Notch1 feedforward loop that impairs wound healing in diabetes. Inhibition of Notch signaling by chemical and genetic approaches improved wound healing in diabetic mice significantly. IGF-I is a growth hormone that is expressed in every cell of our body. The circulating IGF-I is however derived mainly from the liver. IGF-I promotes wound healing and its levels are decreased in diabetic wounds. However, the contribution of circulating IGF-I to wound healing is unknown. In Paper II, we generated a liver-specific IGF-I knockout mice and induced diabetes in these mice to study the effect of liver-derived IGF-I on wound healing. We found that the lack of liver-derived IGF-I did not affect healthy wound healing. Although diabetes delayed wound healing, there was no difference between knock-out mice and control mice. In addition, the processes contributing to wound healing were not altered by the liver-derived IGF-I deficiency. In summary, we found that a lack of liver-derived IGF-I did not affect wound healing. Future therapies using IGF-I can be designed to be delivered locally since systemic IGF-I therapy is known to carry risks of unfavorable side-effects. In papers-III and IV, I have investigated the roles of miRNA-210 and miRNA-34a in diabetic wound healing respectively. miR-210 is induced by transcription factor HIF-1 in response to hypoxia. miR-210 mirrors HIF function in hypoxia by regulating important processes such as cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, metabolism and angiogenesis. We found that miR-210 expression is reduced in diabetic wounds and locally reconstituting miR-210 using mimics improves diabetic wound healing significantly. miR-210 reconstitution led to a reduction in the oxygen consumption rate in the wounds that led to a decrease in ROS levels in the wound tissue. This metabolic reprogramming by miR-210 ultimately resulted in the improvement in different cellular processes central to wound healing. miR-34a plays important roles in cell cycle and DNA repair. Importantly, miR-34a has been shown to regulate Notch1 directly. Although there are contrasting reports on their function in hypoxia and diabetes, their role in diabetic wound healing has not been elucidated. In paper-IV, we show that miR-34a was reduced in DFUs and in the wounds of diabetic mice. We also found that a long exposure to hypoxia increased miR-34a expression exclusively in keratinocytes but exposing cells to high glucose decreased its expression in hypoxia. Reciprocally, Notch1 expression levels increased in keratinocytes under hypoxic and high glucose levels in a time-dependent manner. Finally, we found that diabetic wounds injected with miR-34a mimic showed significantly lower expression of Notch1, directly correlating with paper-I, indicating that reconstitution of miR-34a could be a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds.
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| 42. |
- Norhammar, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular mortality and disease outcomes in a population with type 2 diabetes similar to that of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial : A nationwide observational study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes, obesity and metabolism. - : WILEY. - 1462-8902 .- 1463-1326. ; 21:5, s. 1136-1145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate cardiovascular (CV) safety and event rates for dapagliflozin versus other glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) in a real-world type 2 diabetes population after applying the main inclusion criteria and outcomes from the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study.Methods: Patients with new initiation of dapagliflozin and/or other GLDs were identified in Swedish nationwide healthcare registries for the period 2013 to 2016. Patients were included if they met the main DECLARE-TIMI 58 inclusion criteria: age 40years and established CV disease or presence of multiple-risk factors, e.g. men aged 55years and women aged 60years with hypertension or dyslipidaemia. Propensity scores for the likelihood of dapagliflozin initiation were calculated, then 1:3 matching was carried out. DECLARE-TIMI 58 outcomes were hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) or CV-specific mortality, and major adverse CV events (MACE; CV-specific mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke). Cox survival models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs).Results: After matching, a total of 28408 new-users of dapagliflozin and/or other GLDs were identified, forming the population for the present study (henceforth referred to as the DECLARE-like cohort. The mean age of this cohort was 66years, and 34% had established CV disease. Dapagliflozin was associated with 21% lower risk of HHF or CV mortality versus other GLDs (HR 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69-0.92) and had no significant association with MACE (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.79-1.03). HHF and CV mortality risks, separately, were lower at HR 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.93) and HR 0.75 (95% CI 0.57-0.97), respectively. Non-significant associations were seen for myocardial infarction and stroke: HR 0.91 (95% CI 0.74-1.11) and HR 1.06 (95% CI 0.87-1.30), respectively.Conclusion: In a real-world population similar to those included in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study, dapagliflozin was safe with regard to CV outcomes and resulted in lower event rates of HHF and CV mortality versus other GLDs.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Poot, Thirza
(författare)
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Sustainable Surface Functionalization of Lightweight Materials : Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Replacing Chromium in Anodic Coatings and Carbon Nanomaterials for Lightning Strike Protection
- 2022
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aviation accounts for 2-3% of the carbon dioxide emitted globally. One way to reduce emissions is to develop and introduce sustainable, functional, lightweight materials and coatings that increase the lifetime and fuel efficiency of aircraft. The main lightweight materials used in the aerospace industry today are aluminum alloys and carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites. In the work presented in this licentiate thesis, a new sustainable alternative for the replacement of toxic hexavalent chromium in a low energy and chemical consumption sealing procedure of anodized aluminum alloys is suggested (paper I and II). An alternative to the conventional metal mesh used as lightning strike protection for composite structures used today is also presented. The proposed solution adds considerably less weight and has a possibility to reduce the CO2 emission from aviation (paper III). Aluminum alloys as well as composites both exhibit high strength-to-weight ratios but come with individual drawbacks. Fiber reinforced plastics exhibit limited electrical conductivity, which is why additional protection is needed to avoid severe damage following a lightning strike. Aluminum alloys have instead the disadvantage of being susceptible to corrosion and surface protection is required to prolong the materials lifetime and to avoid devastating failures. Anodization, formation of a porous aluminum oxide coating, is the most common choice of surface treatment. This is often followed by closure of the pores through a sealing procedure. Both processes have up until recently been performed in large, energy consuming tanks with highly toxic solutions containing hexavalent chromium which must be replaced to reduce the environmental impact. In paper I, the environmentally friendly tartaric sulfuric acid has been used as anodization electrolyte and cerium oxide nanoparticles have been investigated as a promising alternative for sealing. Cerium-based and hydrothermal sealing (immersion in hot water), individually and combined, were investigated. The morphological and chemical composition were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The investigation confirmed the growth of cerium oxide nanoparticles throughout the coating and closing of the pores by hydrothermal sealing. A corrosion immersion test revealed a superior corrosion resistance of surfaces treated with the two-step sealing process compared to plain anodized, cerium or hydrothermally sealed surfaces. In paper II, the potential use of an aerosol-based wet thin film coating technique called nFOG for cerium sealing as a low chemical and energy consumption alternative to traditional bath-type sealing was investigated. Characterizations of the morphology and composition reveal cerium oxide nanoparticles evenly distributed within the porous coating by the nFOG technique. The new application of the nFOG method was also shown to provide anti-corrosion properties comparable to bath-type sealing. This wet coating technique has the potential to replace chromium and reduce the environmental impact in the treatment process. Furthermore, the limited electrical conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced plastics can be circumvented by loading the polymer matrix of the composite structure (commonly epoxy) with highly conductive carbon nanomaterials. In paper III, graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes were loaded into the epoxy. Simulated lightning strike tests showed an improved damage tolerance for the loaded composites compared to composites prepared with plain epoxy. The results suggest that a combination of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes increases the damage tolerance by carrying the resulting high electric current from a lightning strike. In conclusion, the application of cerium oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterials moves the aerospace industry towards a sustainable fuel efficiency using functional, lightweight materials and coatings.
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| 45. |
- Poothullil, Mathew Martin, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Disability and Social Media in India
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: India Connected. - New Delhi, India : SAGE Publications India. - 9789385985027 - 9789385985034 ; , s. 261-283
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 46. |
- Pop, Adrian Dan Iosif, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A Portable Debugger for Algorithmic Modelica Code
- 2005
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present the first comprehensive debugger for the algorithmic subset of the Modelica language, which augments previous work in our group on declarative static and dynamic debugging of equations in Modelica. This replaces debugging of algorithmic code using primitive means such as print statements or asserts which is complex, time-consuming and errorprone. The debugger is portable since it is based on transparent source code instrumentation techniques that are independent of the implementation platform. The usual debugging functionality found in debuggers for procedural or traditional object-oriented languages is supported: setting and removing breakpoints, singlestepping, inspecting variables, back-trace of stack contents, tracing, etc.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Qi, Zhang, et al.
(författare)
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Study on the Implementation Pathways and Key Impacts of RPS Target in China using a Dynamic Game-Theoretical Equilibrium Power Market Model
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 105, s. 3844-3849
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China's 2020 Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) target has been published by the government in early 2016. In the present study, in order to find its implementation pathways and estimate the key impacts of PRS target out to 2030, a multi-region power market model is proposed to investigate different RPS policy scenarios. Results show that RPS policy can promote the development of renewable energy efficiently, and Renewable Energy Certification (REC) trade can reduce the cost of electricity generated from renewable energy. However, a national wide free REC trade tends to result in a dilemma that renewable energy will be developed centralizedly in regions where the renewable resource is plenty. Therefore, detailed REC trade regulations need to be developed from more comprehensive viewpoints when adopting RPS policy.
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| 49. |
- Recknagel, H, et al.
(författare)
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Evolutionary origins of viviparity consistent with palaeoclimate and lineage diversification
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Evolutionary Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1010-061X .- 1420-9101. ; 34:7, s. 1167-1176
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is of fundamental importance for the field of evolutionary biology to understand when and why major evolutionary transitions occur. Live-bearing young (viviparity) is a major evolutionary change and has evolved from egg-laying (oviparity) independently in many vertebrate lineages and most abundantly in lizards and snakes. Although contemporary viviparous squamate species generally occupy cold climatic regions across the globe, it is not known whether viviparity evolved as a response to cold climate in the first place. Here, we used available published time-calibrated squamate phylogenies and parity data on 3,498 taxa. We compared the accumulation of transitions from oviparity to viviparity relative to background diversification and a simulated binary trait. Extracting the date of each transition in the phylogenies and informed by 65 my of global palaeoclimatic data, we tested the nonexclusive hypotheses that viviparity evolved under the following: (a) cold, (b) long-term stable climatic conditions and (c) with background diversification rate. We show that stable and long-lasting cold climatic conditions are correlated with transitions to viviparity across squamates. This correlation of parity mode and palaeoclimate is mirrored by background diversification in squamates, and simulations of a binary trait also showed a similar association with palaeoclimate, meaning that trait evolution cannot be separated from squamate lineage diversification. We suggest that parity mode transitions depend on environmental and intrinsic effects and that background diversification rate may be a factor in trait diversification more generally.
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| 50. |
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