| 1. |
- Sjöquist, Emma S., et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity Coaching of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Everyday Practice : A Long-term Follow-up
- 2011
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Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 9:2, s. 75-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the long-term effects on perceived general health, disease activity, pain, activity limitation and cognitive behavioural factors of a one-year coaching programme performed in ordinary physical therapy practice to promote the adoption of health-enhancing physical activity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: A total of 228 patients with early RA, from 10 rheumatology clinics in Sweden, were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 94) or a control group (CG; n = 134). The IG was coached by physical therapists during the first year to adopt health-enhancing levels of physical activity (30 minutes/day, moderately intensive, ≥ 4 days/week). No coaching was given during the subsequent year between post-intervention and follow-up. Follow-up assessment consisted of a postal questionnaire on physical activity and of visual analogue scales for ratings of general health perception and pain. The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ) and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS 28) were collected at regular medical check-ups.RESULTS: Sixty-five (69%) participants in the IG and 92 (69%) in the CG completed the entire study period by filling in the follow-up questionnaire on physical activity two years after baseline. The intervention seemed to lack any significant influence on long-term outcome. However, different patterns of change in physical activity behaviour were observed in the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: No long-term improvement in perceived general health or other outcomes were found in the follow-up. This may partly be because the intervention lacked several important behavioural elements for physical activity maintenance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Bremander, Ann, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Smoking Is Associated with Worse and More Widespread Pain, Worse Disease Activity, Function, Fatigue and Health Related Quality of Life in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis : Results From a Population Based Cohort
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 64:S10, s. S43-S43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In subjects with early axial Spondyloarthritis (SpA) smoking has recently been associated with earlier onset of disease, worse lesions of the sacroiliac joints and in later stages syndesmophyte progression. The aim was to study associations of smoking habits with self-reported information in a large population based cohort of patients with axial SpA.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey performed in 2009 included all health care seeking subjects aged >18 years with a diagnosis of SpA according to ICD 10 codes identified by a regional health care register (n=3711). Smoking habits were studied in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS, ICD M45) and in patients who fulfilled criteria for “non AS axial SpA” (without having one of AS). Criteria for non AS axial SpA were based on data from the questionnaire: pain for 3 months or more during the last 12 months together with 2 or more features out of 5 (inflammatory back pain, history of psoriasis, uveitis/tendinitis, inflammatory bowel disease or heredity). The questionnaire included data on smoking (never smokers vs. ever smokers), disease activity (BASDAI) physical function (BASFI), general health (BAS-G) all measured with numerical rating scales 0-10 (best to worst), health related quality of life (EQ-5D, 0-1 worst to best), pain, fatigue (numerical rating scales 0-10 best to worst) and number of painful regions noted on a pain mannequin (0-16 best to worst). Linear regression analysis was performed and all data were controlled for sex and age.Results: Response rate was 76% whereof 2167 (58%) returned the questionnaire and 18% declined participation in the study. 598 subjects had an AS diagnose and 572 fulfilled the criteria for non AS axial SpA.The AS group had a mean age of 54 (SD14) years and 35% were women. Never smokers constituted 48% of the AS group. Ever smokers had worse scores in all studied variables compared with never smokers.The linear regression analysis showed that ever smokers in the AS group had worse self-reported scores in BASDAI with age-sex adjusted parameter estimate (B) = 0.60 (95% CI 0.21 ; 1.00), BASFI B = 0.51 (95% CI 0.11 ; 0.91) and fatigue B = 0.51 (95% CI 0.06 ; 1.00) . There was a tendency to worse scores for ever smokers also in EQ-5D B = -0.04 (95% CI -0.09 ; 0.001)Mean age in the non AS axial SpA group was 55 (SD 14) years and 68% were women. Never smokers constituted 38% of this group. Also in the non AS axial SpA group the linear regression analysis showed that ever smokers had worse self-reported scores in BASDAI with age-sex adjusted parameter estimate (B) = 0.59 (95% CI 0.23 ; 0.94), BASFI B = 0.59 (95% CI 0.17 ; 1.00), pain B = 0.45 (95% CI 0.08 ; 0.82) and fatigue B = 0.43 (95% CI 0.03 ; 0.83), no of painful areas B = 0.73 (95% CI 0.06 ; 1.46) and also in EQ-5D B = -0.06 (95% CI -0.11 ; -0.002). Conclusion: In a large population based axial SpA cohort, both patients with AS and non AS axial SpA who were ever smokers reported worse clinical features compared with never smokers. Further longitudinal studies are needed to better understand cause and effect. However, smoking cessation should be recommended not only due to general health perspectives but also due to disease specific issues.References1Smokers in early axial spondyloarthritis have earlier disease onset, more disease activity, inflammation and damage, and poorer function and health-related quality of life: results from the DESIR cohort. Chung HY, Machado P, van der Heijde D, D'Agostino MA, Dougados M. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 Jun;71(6):809-16.
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| 3. |
- Bremander, Ann, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Smoking is Associated with Worse and More Widespread Pain, Worse Fatigue, General Health and Quality of Life in a Swedish population Based Cohort of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 64:S10, s. S777-S778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Purpose: Smoking has been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA)1. The purpose of this study was analyse possible associations of smoking habits with self-reported clinical features in a large population based cohort of patients with a diagnosis of PsA.Methods: All health care seeking subjects with a diagnose of PsA according to ICD 10 codes (given at least once by a rheumatologist/internist or twice by any other physician) were identified by a regional health care register during 2003-20072. In 2009 all identified subjects aged 18 years or older (n=2003) were invited to participate in a cross sectional questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included self-reported data on smoking (never smokers or ever smokers), age at disease onset, physical function (HAQ, 0-3 best to worst), pain, fatigue and global health (numerical rating scales 0-10 best to worst) health related quality of life (EQ-5D, 0-1 worst to best), and number of painful regions noted on a pain mannequin (0-16, best to worst). Linear regression analysis was performed and all data were controlled for sex and age.Results: Response rate was 77% whereof 369 patients (18%) declined participation and 1185 (59%) returned the questionnaire, mean age 57.5 (SD 13.5) years and 58% were women. 1173 subjects responded to the smoking question whereof 448 (38%) were never smokers and 725 (62%) were ever smokers. Mean age at disease onset was 42.3 (SD 13.4) years in never smokers vs. 46.0 (SD 13.2) in ever smokers. Never smokers vs. ever smokers had mean HAQ 0.59 (SD 0.6) vs. 0.71 (SD 0.6), mean pain 3.9 (SD 2.4) vs.4.4 (SD 2.5), mean fatigue 4.4 (SD 2.8) vs. 5.0 (SD 2.7), mean global health 3.9 (SD 2.4) vs. 4.4 (SD 2.3), mean EQ-5D 0.68 (SD 0.23) vs. 0.63 (SD 0.26) and mean no of painful regions were 7.2 (SD 4.0) vs. 7.9 (SD 4.3).The regression analysis showed that ever smokers had worse pain with age-sex adjusted parameter estimates (B) = 0.38 (95% CI 0.09 ; 0.67), worse fatigue B = 0.34 (95% CI 0.02 ; 0.66), worse global health B = 0.36 (95% CI 0.09 ; 0.64), worse EQ-5D B = -0.04 (95% CI -0.07 ; -0.01) and an increased no of painful regions B = 0.54 (95% CI 0.02 ; 1.07) compared with never smokers.Conclusion: In this population based PsA cohort, patients who were ever smokers reported worse clinical features compared with never smokers. Further longitudinal studies are needed to better understand cause and effect. However, smoking cessation should be recommended due to general health perspectives and also due to disease specific issues.
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| 4. |
- Haglund, Emma, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in physical activity patterns in patients with spondylarthritis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arthritis Care and Research. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 0893-7524 .- 1529-0123 .- 2151-464X .- 2151-4658. ; 64:12, s. 1886-1894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study patient-reported physical activity in patients with spondylarthritis (SpA) and possible differences in physical activity patterns between the SpA subtypes and sexes.METHODS: In 2009, a questionnaire including inquiries concerning physical activity was sent to patients with a SpA diagnosis (n = 3,711). The World Health Organization (WHO) global recommendations of physical activity for health requiring 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity (MI-PA) or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VI-PA) per week were used as recommended levels. Standardized risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by using physical activity data from the Swedish population. The association within the SpA group between sex, age, disease-related variables, anxiety, and depression and meeting recommended levels of MI-PA and VI-PA (dependent variables) was studied with multivariate analysis.RESULTS: A total of 2,167 patients with SpA (48% men, mean ± SD age 55 ± 14 years) responded to the questionnaire. Sixty-eight percent of the patients met the WHO recommendations, more frequently in women than in men (70% versus 66%). The recommendations were more often met in the SpA group (RR 1.09, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-1.15) compared with the Swedish population. There was a tendency for young women to meet the WHO recommendations less often than the Swedish population (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.63-1.25). Different factors were found to influence whether the patients were exercising with a moderate or vigorous intensity.CONCLUSION: Seven of 10 patients with SpA met the WHO recommendations of physical activity for health, but we found sex and disease subtype differences. This information can be useful in clinical practice when coaching patients to have a healthier lifestyle. © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Haglund, Emma, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of Work Productivity in a Population Based Cohort of Individuals with Spondyloarthritis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 72:Suppl. 3, s. A127-A127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) often causes work disability and predictors concerning the ability to stay productive while at work are scarcely studied in this group.Objectives: The aim was to study predictors of reduced productivity while at work and possible differences between gender and the SpA subgroups (Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) and Undifferentiated SpA (USpA)) in a defined cohort in southern Sweden.Methods: 1253 out of 1773 health care seeking individuals with SpA age 18-67 years (identified by a health care register in southern Sweden) responded to a questionnaire survey in 2009 and to the follow-up in 2011, 2,5 years later. Self-reported presenteeism, defined as reduced productivity at work (0-100%, 0= no reduction) due to SpA, individual´s characteristics, lifestyle factors, disease duration, health related quality of life (EQ-5D), disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI), self-efficacy pain and symptom (ASES), anxiety (HADa), depression (HADd) were measured. The main outcome productivity at work was dichotomized based on mean value, with values over 25% regarded as a reduced productivity. The Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression analyzes were used to study predictors of reduced productivity.Results: At follow up 757 individuals reported that they were working and of those 720 responded to the productivity question. The mean age was 50 years and 49% were men. Based on the health care register 177 (24.6%) were diagnosed with AS, 373 (51.8%) with PsA and 170 (23.6%) with USpA. The mean reduction of productivity was 25% (95% CI 23%>27%) (n=720), women reported higher reduction than men (mean 28% vs. 22%, p<0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analyzes a reduced productivity at follow-up was predicted by a reduced productivity at baseline (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.05). Other predictors (controlled for age, sex, disease subgroup and productivity at baseline) were low education level (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.51-3.04), smoking (1.73; 1.22-2.45), worse score in quality of life (EQ-5D) (0.22; 0.003-0.14), worse disease activity (BASDAI) (1.47; 1.29-1.67), lower physical function (BASFI) (1.42;1.27-1.58), lower self-efficacy (ASES) pain (0.97; 0.97-0.98) and symptom (0.97; 0.96-0.98), higher score of anxiety (HADa) (1.09; 1.05-1.14) and depression (HADd) (1.15; 1.08-1.22). Disease duration, absenteeism and physical activity level had no predictive value.Conclusions: Reduced productivity at follow-up was not only predicted by productivity 2,5 years earlier, but also by other aspects of the individuals whole life situation. These different factors could be of clinical importance in order to influence the ability to maintain productivity at work in individuals with SpA.Disclosure of Interest: E. Haglund Grant/research support from: The project was supported by an unrestricted grant from Abbott., I. Petersson Grant/research support from: The project was supported by an unrestricted grant from Abbott., A. Bremander Grant/research support from: The project was supported by an unrestricted grant from Abbott., S. Bergman Grant/research support from: The project was supported by an unrestricted grant from Abbott.
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| 8. |
- Haglund, Emma, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported disease characteristics do not explain why younger women with SpA are less physically active than older women with the disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 73:Suppl. 2, s. 159-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Exercise is a commonly used treatment for patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) but younger women reach WHOs recommended level of physical activity (PA) to a less extent than peers in the general population (Haglund, 2012).Objectives To study if self-reported disease characteristics in patients with SpA can explain why younger women are less physically active than older women with the disease.Methods In a cross-sectional population based cohort study in southern Sweden, 1121 women (51.7% of the total SpAScania cohort) were identified by a health care register and responded to a questionnaire survey in 2009. The primary outcome was self-reported level of physical activity (PA) based on the WHOs recommendation. Self-reported pain (VAS), global health (VASglobal, BASG),health related quality of life (EQ-5D), disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI), self-efficacy pain and symptoms (ASES), anxiety (HADa), depression (HADd), education level, smoking habits and reported severity of the skin disease psoriasis (NRS) were reported. Younger (≤35 years of age, n=127) and older women (>35, n=994) and the disease subgroups AS/USpA (n=441) and PsA (n=680) were compared with regard to characteristic symptoms. T-test and chi-square test was used to analyze group differences, exact p-values are reported.Results Out of the 1121 women in the cohort, 1094 answered the questions concerning PA. There were no significant differences between younger/older women with AS/USpA reaching recommended level of PA (71% vs. 77%, p=0.23). In younger women with PsA there was a trend to not reaching the recommended level of PA to the same extent (58% vs. 70%, p=0.06).When comparing younger and older women concerning characteristic variables, there were significant worse self-reported VASglobal (3.9 vs. 4.5, p=0.004), BASDAI (4.2 vs 4.8, p=0.008), BASFI (2.4 vs. 3.8, p<0.001), BASG (3.6 vs. 4.4, p=0.001), ASES pain (53 vs. 49, p=0.02), ASES symptom (59 vs. 55, p=0.04) and HAD depression (3.7 vs. 4.6, p=0.04) in the older women.When stratified on the disease subgroups, VASglobal (3.8 vs. 4.3, p=0.05) and BASFI (2.6 vs. 3.6, p=0.002) were significantly worse for older women with AS/USpA (n=372) compared to the younger group (n=69). Older women with PsA (n=622) reported significantly worse VASpain (3.9 vs. 4.7, p=0.02), BASFI (2.2 vs. 3.9, p<0.001), BASG (3.5 vs. 4.5, p=0.004), ASES pain (54 vs. 57, p=0.01) and symptom (61 vs. 53, p=0.01), HAD depression (3.8 vs. 4.7, p=0.04) compared to the younger group (n=58). There was an inverse relationship regarding severity of psoriasis, were younger women with PsA have a tendency to report a more severe skin disease (3.9 vs. 3.2, p=0.09). When comparing characteristics for young women reaching or not reaching healthy PA, no differences were found.Conclusions Young women with SpA do not reach recommended level of PA in the same extend as in the population. There were no explanations found when comparing common self-reported variables in younger and older women with SpA in a defined cohort. The relationship needs to be studied further also from a qualitative aspect.
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| 9. |
- Haglund, Emma, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Work productivity in a population based cohort of patients with Spondyloarthritis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 64:10, s. S1015-S1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) often causes impaired function, activity limitations, affected health related quality of life and work disability. Work disability has been shown to be affected both in terms of absenteeism and in impaired productivity while working (presenteeism). In this group with increased socioeconomic costs there is also an increase in the use of expensive pharmacotherapies. Thus, it is important to study factors related to the ability to stay productive while at work.Objective: The aim was to study factors associated with presenteeism in patients with SpA. Also to analyse possible differences in age, gender and SpA subtypes (ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated SpA).Methods: The analysis was based on 1773 patients seeking health care for SpA aged 18-67 years from southern Sweden, identified by a health care register. A questionnaire survey in 2009 included questions concerning self-reported presenteeism, defined as the percentage of impairment due to SpA while working 0-100, (0=no impact), was answered by 1447 individuals. Patients´ characteristics: disease duration, disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI), health related quality of life (EQ-5D), anxiety (HAD-a), depression (HAD-d), self-efficacy pain and symptom (ASES) and register based sick leave. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient and univariate analyses with ANOVA were used to study factors associated with presenteeism and t-test was used for group comparisons.Results: Fifty-five percent (n=802/1447) reported no impact on work presenteeism, while mean impairment was 20 (95% CI 18-21) (n=1447). Women reported higher impact on work presenteeism than men (mean impairment 23 vs. 17, p<0.001) but no statistically significant differences were found between the SpA subtype groups. Twenty-eight percent (n=504/1773) were registered for any sick leave (absenteeism > 14 days). Worse outcome in quality of life (EQ-5D), disease activity (BASDAI) and physical function (BASFI) all correlated to higher impact on work presenteeism (r >0.5, p <0.001), while sick leave (absenteeism) did not. In the univariate analyses experiencing worse outcome in EQ-5D (β-est -9.6, p<0.001) BASDAI (β-est 7.8, p<0.001) and BASFI (β-est 7.3, p<0.001) were all associated to higher impact on presenteeism regardless of age, gender and disease subtype. Worse outcome of EQ-5D was associated to a higher degree impact on presenteeism in the younger women (18-52 yrs). Self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, disease duration and education level <12 years were all associated to higher impact on presenteeism but were not significant in all strata for age, gender and disease subtype.Conclusion: Quality of life, disease activity and physical function all affect work presenteeism in patients with SpA, regardless of age, gender and disease subtype. The results indicate that work presenteeism is affected in patients with all types of SpA and more affected in women. We also find that presenteeism and register based sick leave (absenteeism) may be related to different dimensions of the individuals and their disease.
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| 10. |
- Lindström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with Non-AS Axial SpA Have Similar Prevalence Compared to AS, but Worse Perceived Health. Results from a Population Based Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 72:Suppl. 3, s. A667-A668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is emerging as a treatable disease comparable to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but less well studied. Previous studies have described a reversed gender distribution, with AS being more prevalent in the male population and non-radiographic axial SpA more prevalent in the female population. Recent studies have also indicated a similar benefit from treatment with TNF-inhibitors.Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of non-radiographic axial SpA and compare the patient reported outcome measures (PROMS) to that of AS, in Southern Sweden.Methods: All health care seeking individuals, ≥18 years, given a SpA-diagnosis, according to the ICD-10 (M45.9, M072, M460, M461, M468, M469, M074, M705 and L405 or M071 or M073), either in primary or specialized care, (N = 5771), during 2003 - 2007, were identified through the regional health care register in Skåne, a county in Southern Sweden with 1.2 million inhabitants (SpAScania cohort). In 2009 they were all sent a questionnaire (response rate; 48%), including questions concerning inflammatory back pain (IBP), the SpA-associated comorbidities constituting the ASAS-criteria (IBD, Ps, Uveitis/tendinitis, heredity), PROMS (BAS-indices, VAS-pain/fatigue/global, EQ5D) and previous/current medication.Non-AS axial SpA was defined as having an ICD10 code supporting a diagnosis of SpA without having one of AS (M45.9), in combination with > 3 months of back pain the last year and the presence of ≥2 of the SpA associated comorbidities. Record review support the notion of using AS as a substitute for radiographic changes. For the “non imaging arm” of the ASAS criteria for axial disease, we used the ICD10 codes above as a substitute for HLA-B27 status. Assuming similar answers from the questionnaire non-responders, prevalence rates were estimated for non-AS axial SpA and AS.Results: Among responders 742 had an AS-diagnosis and 640 fulfilled the study criteria for non-AS axial SpA. The frequency of men was 60.5% in the AS group and 29.5% in the non-AS axial SpA group. The prevalence of AS was 0.13% (95% CI; 0.115-0.148) and for non-AS axial SpA 0.11 % (95% CI; 0.096-0.130), with a reverse gender distribution. The means of the PROMs and frequency of comorbidities were higher in the non-AS axial SpA vs both the AS, and the subgroup of AS individuals reporting back pain (BP) > 3months during the last year. Self-reported present use of TNF-inhibitors were similar between the groups (Image 1).Conclusions: Prevalence rates for AS and non-AS axial SpA were similar, with a reverse gender distribution. The results suggest that at a population level the proportion with non-AS axial SpA is at least as large as that of AS and report lower levels of perceived health status and similar frequencies of SpA-related comorbidities (except psoriasis) and treatment with TNF-inhibitors, supporting the validity for the used definition in future research.Disclosure of Interest: None Declared
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| 11. |
- Löfvendahl, S., et al.
(författare)
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Duration between symptom onset and spondyloarthritis diagnosis – Changes over a decade
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 73:Suppl. 2, s. 431-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The delay of diagnosis after symptom onset for various subgroups of spondyloarthritis (SpA) is considerable. Increasing focus on this over the last decades may have decreased this delay (1-2).Objectives To study the duration between symptom onset and date of diagnosis of SpA and its subgroups: ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and unspecified spondyloarthritis (USpA). A special focus was to study the change over the past decade.Methods The Swedish SpAScania cohort (N=5,771, = all patients diagnosed with SpA between 2003 and 2007 in primary or secondary care in the Skåne region, total n=1.3 million 2013) was used. We analyzed patients (n=952) identified as having AS (n=173), PsA (n=579) or USpA (n=200) by a rheumatologist or internist at least one time or by any other physician twice during 2003 to 2007 responding to a postal survey in 2009 and 2011. The survey included questions on years for start of symptoms and diagnosis. All patients included had a self-reported diagnosis of SpA between 1997 and 2007 in the survey 2009. The information from 2009 was used to calculate the duration between symptom onset and date of diagnosis and the response from the 2011 survey to investigate the reliability of these answers (647 patients responded to the survey in both 2009 and 2011 and were hence eligible for reliability analysis). The mean duration (years) was calculated (95% CI), both unadjusted and adjusted for sex, age and year of diagnosis.Results The overall mean duration between symptom onset and date of a SpA diagnosis was 6.8 years (95% CI: 6.3-7.3), without any obvious secular change up through 2007. The mean duration for AS was 9.0 (95% CI: 7.8-10.3), for PsA 6.0 (5.4-6.6) and USpA 7.2 (95% CI: 6.1-8.3). There was an overall good consistency between the self-assessed year of symptom start, measured in 2009 and in 2011 (ρ=0.58). However, there was a variation between subgroups, consistency being higher in AS (ρ =0.84) and lower in PsA (ρ =0.53).Conclusions The duration between symptom onset and diagnosis was longest for AS and shortest for PsA with USpA in between. Up to 2007 there was no significant trend for any decrease in such delay for any of the subgroups.ReferencesSorensen J, Hetland ML. Duration of symptoms before diagnosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72(Suppl3):80.Salvadorini G, Bandinelli F, DelleSedie A, Riente L, Candelieri A, Generini S. Ankylosing spondylitis: how diagnostic and therapeutic delay have changed over the last six decades. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2012 Jul-Aug;30(4):561-5.Disclosure of Interest None declared
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| 12. |
- Meesters, Jorit, et al.
(författare)
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Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Spondyloarthritis Patients : Results from the Swedish Population Based SpA Scania Cohort
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 72:Suppl. 3, s. A531-A532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Anxiety and depression are more common among patients with rheumatic diseases and can influence treatment options and outcome. However insight in factors associated with anxiety and depression in patients with Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is scarce.Objectives: To identify factors associated with self-reported anxiety and depression in a well-defined population based cohort of patients with SpA.Methods: In 2009, 3711 adult SpA patients from the SpaScania cohort were identified and involved in a questionnaire survey including patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess quality of life, physical and mental functioning. To assess depression and anxiety the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D) was used. Each subscale ranges from 0-21; best to worst. HAD scores of ≥ 8 indicate probable cases of anxiety or depression.Differences in HADS subscale scores among the SpA subgroups were tested by using one-way ANOVA (p<.05). Associations between PROMs and the HADS subscales, were studied with linear regression analysis including each independent variable separately (adjusted for age, gender and disease duration) and presented as β-estimates (95%CI).Results: In total 2851 patients (76%) responded to the study invitation, 684 (18%) declined participation and 2167 (58%) returned the questionnaire. Mean age 55.4 (SD 13.9) years, mean disease duration 14.4 (12.1) years and 52% female. SpA subgroups were: Ankylosing spondylitis 501 (23%), Psoriatic arthritis 1171 (54%), and undifferentiated SpA 495 (23%).Mean HADS-A was 5.9 (4.3) and mean HADS-D 4.4 (3.6) respectively for the whole SpA group. In total 683 (32%) cases were classified as probable anxiety cases and 305 (14%) as probable depression cases. No differences in HADS were found among the different SpA subgroups for anxiety or depression (p>0.6).Higher scoring on HADS-A and HADS-D was associated with (table): lower education, lower physical activity (HADS-D only), chronic pain problems, more fatigue, lower general health, lower HRQoL (EQ-5D), lower level of functioning (BASFI), higher disease activity (BASDAI), lower self-efficacy (ASES).Conclusions: Patients with SpA do report problems with anxiety and/or depression and associations appear highly multifactorial with a profile of impaired health in general. Screening patients with SpA for anxiety and depression in the clinic is important but using a simple proxy is discouraged. Instead HADS or other comprehensive instruments to assess anxiety or depression should be considered.
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