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- Bjerg, Anders, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Gas, dust, and fumes exposure is associated with mite sensitization and with asthma in mite-sensitized adults
- 2015
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 70:5, s. 604-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupational exposure to gas, dust, and fumes (GDF) increases the risk of asthma and eczema. We investigated the role of sensitization in the association between GDF and allergic conditions. A population-based sample of 788 adults from the West Sweden Asthma Study completed questionnaires and skin prick tests. After adjustment for confounders, GDF exposure was associated with a doubled risk of sensitization to mites, but not with other allergens. Mite sensitization also modified the effect of GDF on asthma. In mite-sensitized subjects, GDF was associated with physician-diagnosed asthma, adjusted OR 2.9 (1.2-7.2), and with wheeze, OR 2.4 (1.1-5.3). In non-mite-sensitized subjects, the corresponding ORs were 1.1 (0.5-2.6) and 0.6 (0.3-1.3). GDF was independently associated with eczema regardless of mite sensitization, but not with rhinitis. These novel findings suggest that components of GDF may act as adjuvants that facilitate sensitization to mites and that mite-sensitized individuals may be especially susceptible to inhalant occupational exposures.
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| 2. |
- Hagstad, Stig, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and risk factors of COPD among never-smokers in two areas of Sweden : Occupational exposure to gas, dust or fumes is an important risk factor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 109:11, s. 1439-1445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although active tobacco smoking is the main risk factor for COPD, COPD is not uncommon also among never-smokers. Different study locations along with different spirometric definitions of COPD have historically yielded different prevalence estimates of the disease.AIM: To study current prevalence and risk factors of COPD among never-smokers in two areas of Sweden.METHODS: Data collected in 2008-2012 within the West Sweden Asthma Study and Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies was pooled. The study population consisted of 1839 subjects who participated in spirometry and interviews. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator a) FEV1/(F)VC < 0.7, b) FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and c) FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal.RESULTS: Of the 1839 subjects, 967 (52.6%) were never-smokers. Among the never-smoking subjects, the prevalence of COPD according to definitions a-c was 7.7%, 4.9% and 3.0%, respectively. The corresponding prevalence of GOLD grade ≥2 was 2.0%, 1.4% and 1.3%. No significant difference in prevalence between the two study areas was observed. In never-smokers, occupational exposure to gas, dust or fumes (GDF) was significantly associated with both COPD (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.03-3.33), and GOLD ≥2 (OR 4.51, 1.72-11.9) according to definition a), after adjusting for age, educational level and exposure to passive smoking at work.CONCLUSION: Depending on definition, prevalence of COPD among never-smokers was 3.0-7.7%, whereas GOLD ≥2 was present in 1.3-2.0%. Occupational exposure to GDF remained independently and significantly associated with COPD regardless of spirometric definition of the disease.
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| 3. |
- Hagstad, Stig, 1978
(författare)
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Prevalence, risk factors and comorbidities of COPD among never-smokers
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate prevalence, risk factors and comorbidity of COPD among never-smokers. COPD was in this thesis defined as a syndrome also including prior asthma diagnosis with chronic airway obstruction. In papers I-III population-based cohorts of the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies were used. In paper IV data from the OLIN studies was pooled with data from the West Sweden Asthma study. Prevalence of COPD among never-smokers was 3.0-7.7% depending on spirometric definition, and similar in 1994-1996 vs. 2009-2012. Corresponding prevalence of GOLD ≥2 was 1.3-3.5%. Symptoms were highly prevalent in subjects with GOLD ≥2, regardless of smoking status. No significant regional differences in prevalence between OLIN and WSAS were seen. Risk factors for COPD among never-smokers included age, physician-diagnosed asthma and occupational exposure to gas, dust or fumes. Passive smoking in multiple settings was independently associated with an incrementally increased risk of COPD. Comorbidities, in particular cardiac and cardiovascular conditions, were highly prevalent among subjects with GOLD ≥2 regardless of smoking status. In conclusion, COPD is a common condition among never-smokers, and associated with previous asthma and exposures including passive smoking and occupational gas, dust or fumes. Never-smoking subjects with COPD had significantly more respiratory symptoms and comorbidities than never-smokers without COPD. Comorbidities are highly prevalent in COPD regardless of smoking history.
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