| 1. |
- Holttinen, H., et al.
(författare)
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Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power production, IEA collaboration
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition 2006. - 9781622764679 ; , s. 156-165
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New R&D collaboration on "Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power Production" has been formed in IEA Wind. The R&D task will collect and share information on the experience gained and the studies made on power system impacts of wind power, and review methodologies, tools and data used. This paper outlines the power system impacts of wind power, the national studies published and on-going and describes the goals of the international collaboration. There are dozens of studies made and ongoing related to cost of wind integration, however, the results are not easy to compare. An in-depth review of the studies is needed to draw conclusions on the range of integration costs for wind power. State-of-the art review process will seek for reasons behind the wide range of results for costs of wind integration - definitions for wind penetration, reserves and costs; different power system and load characteristics and operational rules; underlying assumptions on variability of wind etc.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, L., et al.
(författare)
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Behöver arbetslinjen inte forskning?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet Brännpunkt (debattinlägg). ; :2007-11-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gustafsson, U O, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-operative carbohydrate loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 52:7, s. 946-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P<0.01) and occurred later after intake (60 vs. 30 min; P<0.01). Glucose concentrations were back to baseline at 180 vs. 120 min in diabetic patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P<0.01). At 120 min, 10.9 +/- 0.7% and 13.3 +/- 1.2% of paracetamol remained in the stomach in diabetic patients and healthy, subjects respectively. Gastric half-emptying time (T50) occurred at 49.8 +/- 2.2 min in diabetics and at 58.6 +/- 3.7 min in healthy subjects (P<0.05). Neither peak glucose, glucose at 180 min, gastric T50, nor retention at 120 min differed between insulin (HbA1c 6.8 +/- 0.7%)- and non-insulin-treated (HbA1c 5.6 +/- 0.4%) patients.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients showed no signs of delayed gastric emptying, suggesting that a carbohydrate-rich drink may be safely administrated 180 min before anaesthesia without risk of hyperglycaemia or aspiration pre-operatively.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johnsson, Ann-Catrin J. H., 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregation of Nanosized Colloidal Silica in the Presence of Various Alkali Cations Investigated by the Electrospray Technique
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langmuir. ; 24:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The slow aggregation process of a concentrated silica dispersion (Bindzil 40/220) in the presence of alkali chlorides (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, and CsCl) was investigated by means of mobility measurements. At intervals during the aggregation, particles and aggregates were transferred from the liquid phase to the gas phase via electrospray (ES) and subsequently size selected and counted using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). This method enables the acquisition of particle and aggregate size distributions with a time resolution of minutes. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the method has been applied to study the process of colloidal aggregation. The obtained results indicate that, independent of the type of counterion, a sufficient dilution of the formed gel will cause the particles to redisperse. Hence, the silica particles are, at least initially, reversibly aggregated. The reversibility of the aggregation indicates additional non-DLVO repulsive steric interactions that are likely due to the presence of a gel layer at the surface. The size of the disintegrating aggregates was monitored as a function of the time after dilution. It was found that the most stable aggregates were formed by the ions that adsorb most strongly on the particle surface. This attractive effect was ascribed to an ion−ion correlation interaction.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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High abundance of virulence gene homologues in marine bacteria
- 2009
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Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - : Wiley. - 1462-2912 .- 1462-2920. ; 11:6, s. 1348-1357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine bacteria can cause harm to single-celled and multicellular eukaryotes. However, relatively little is known about the underlying genetic basis for marine bacterial interactions with higher organisms. We examined whole-genome sequences from a large number of marine bacteria for the prevalence of homologues to virulence genes and pathogenicity islands known from bacteria that are pathogenic to terrestrial animals and plants. As many as 60 out of 119 genomes of marine bacteria, with no known association to infectious disease, harboured genes of virulence-associated types III, IV, V and VI protein secretion systems. Type III secretion was relatively uncommon, while type IV was widespread among alphaproteobacteria (particularly among roseobacters) and type VI was primarily found among gammaproteobacteria. Other examples included homologues of the Yersinia murine toxin and a phage-related 'antifeeding' island. Analysis of the Global Ocean Sampling metagenomic data indicated that virulence genes were present in up to 8% of the planktonic bacteria, with highest values in productive waters. From a marine ecology perspective, expression of these widely distributed genes would indicate that some bacteria infect or even consume live cells, that is, generate a previously unrecognized flow of organic matter and nutrients directly from eukaryotes to bacteria.
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| 8. |
- Petersson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Kinetics of release from kafirin films
- 2007
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Ingår i: Food Hydrocolloids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0268-005X .- 1873-7137. ; 21:8, s. 1256-1264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two separate studies were performed. The first studied release of two different preservatives (lactic acid and calcium propionate) from a biopolymer film to a model food with a water activity of aw=0.95. The second investigated the release of four sugars (fructose, maltose, raffinose and stachyose) with different molecular weights from a biopolymer film to a model food with water activities ranging from 0.85 to 0.95. In both studies, the biopolymer films containing the release components were made from kafirin and placed on the model food, consisting of a gel made of gelatine, sucrose and water with well defined water activity. The amount of preservatives and sugars released from the film to the gel were monitored over time using HPLC at different depths in the model food. The release of preservatives was rapid in both cases, and a gradient of released substances had already formed after 2 h in the model food. The gradients levelled out with time. Calcium propionate had a somewhat faster release than lactic acid. The water activity of the model food had a large impact on the release of sugars. A slow release was observed in the model food with aw=0.85, while a much more rapid release occurred in the model food with aw=0.95. There was a limited diffusion depth in the model food with aw=0.85, probably owing to a limited trial time, while the sugars in the model food with aw=0.95 diffused deeper into the model food until the film was depleted of available sugars. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- White, Lydia, et al.
(författare)
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Restrictions on definiteness in L2 English
- 2009
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Ingår i: BUCLD 33: Proceedings of the 33rd annual Boston University Conference on Language Development. - 9781574730944 ; , s. 622-633
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Åkesson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Processing of structural composites from biobased thermoset resins and natural fibres by compression moulding
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1556-6560 .- 1556-6579. ; 3:3, s. 215-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the aim of producing composites from renewable materials for the furniture industry, a number of thermoset prepregs were manufactured and evaluated. The applicability of two different biobased thermoset resins was evaluated. The first resin is based on soybean oil and the second on lactic acid. Both resins are cross-linkable and produced from renewable resources. Prepregs were manufactured from the two resins together with natural fibres (flax and cellulose). Furthermore, sheet moulding compound (SMC) was developed from lactic acid based resin together with glass fibre. Seat shells were produced from the prepregs by compression moulding. Curing of the composites was monitored using a response surface methodology. Further, the fibre ratio, mechanical properties as well as adhesion between the matrix and the fibre were evaluated. These prepregs offers short cycle times and yield products with suitable mechanical properties. Issues related to the preparation and the processing of the prepregs are discussed in the article. Copyright © 2009 American Scientific Publishers.
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