| 1. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health problems in elderly rehabilitation patients
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 2:2, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A combination of poor oral hygiene and dry mouth may be hazardous to the oral health status. However, systematic assessments in order to detect oral health problems are seldom performed in the nursing care of the elderly. The aims of this study were to investigate the occurrence of oral health problems measured using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) and to analyse associations between oral health problems and age, gender, living conditions, cohabitation, reason for admission, number of drugs, and functional and nutritional status. One registered nurse performed oral health assessments using ROAG in 161 newly admitted elderly patients in rehabilitation care. Oral health problems were found in 71% of the patients. Thirty per cent of these patients had between four and eight problems. Low saliva flow and problems related to lips were the most frequent oral health problems. Problems in oral health status were significantly associated with presence of respiratory diseases (problems with gums, lips, alterations on the tongue and mucous membranes), living in special accommodation (low saliva flow, problems with teeth/dentures and alterations on the tongue), being undernourished (alterations on the tongue and low saliva flow) and being a woman (low saliva flow). The highest Odds ratio (OR) was found in problems with gums in relation with prevalence of respiratory diseases (OR 8.9; confidence interval (CI) 2.8–27.8; P < 0.0005). This study indicates the importance of standardised oral health assessments in order to detect oral health problems which can otherwise be hidden when the patients are admitted to the hospital ward.
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| 2. |
- Alterman, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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P1/P1' modified HIV protease inhibitors as tools in two new sensitive surface plasmon resonance biosensor screening assays
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 13:2, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The commonly used HIV-1 protease assays rely on measurements of the effect of inhibitions on the hydrolysis rate of synthetic peptides. Recently an assay based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was introduced. We have taken advantage of the fact that the SPR signal is proportional to the mass of the analyte interacting with the immobilised molecule and developed two new improved efficient competition assay methods. Thus, high molecular weight binders were used as amplifiers of the surface plasmon resonance signal. Linkers were attached by a Heck reaction to the para-positions of the P1/P1′ benzyloxy groups of a linear C2-symmetric C-terminal duplicated inhibitor to enable (a) biotin labelling or (b) direct immobilisation of the inhibitor to the biosensor surface matrix. The interaction properties of a series of 17 structurally diverse inhibitors was assessed and compared to previously reported data. The most sensitive assay was obtained by immobilising the enzyme and amplifying the signal with an antibody, giving a detection range between 0.1 nM and 10 μM. Immobilisation of the inhibitor resulted in a stable and durable surface but a narrower detection range (1–100 nM). The two competition assays are anticipated to be very suitable for fast screening of potential HIV inhibitors.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of oral health status on admission and at discharge in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Oral health & preventive dentistry. - 1757-9996 .- 1602-1622. ; 1:3, s. 221-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare oral health status on a geriatric rehabilitation ward among patients who were assessed using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) on admission and at discharge; and to investigate in what respect the oral health procedures (OHP) suggested in ROAG were applied when oral health problems were detected. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Registered nurses on the ward performed oral health assessments using ROAG with 107 patients on admission and at discharge. When oral health problems were detected measures to be taken were suggested using ROAG. RESULTS: Oral health problems were common among the patients on admission (86%), as well as at discharge (51%). The frequency of the problems was significantly lower at discharge compared to admission. The OHP that were recommended in ROAG were completely followed when saliva flow-related problems were detected. Regarding other oral health problems, measures other than the recommended ones were often performed. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the oral health was better at the end of the hospital stay compared to admission.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of oral health status on admission and discharge in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry. ; 1:3, s. 221-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare oral health status on a geriatric rehabilitation ward among patients who were assessed using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) on admission and at discharge; and to investigate in what respect the oral health procedures (OHP) suggested in ROAG were applied when oral health problems were detected. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Registered nurses on the ward performed oral health assessments using ROAG with 107 patients on admission and at discharge. When oral health problems were detected measures to be taken were suggested using ROAG. RESULTS: Oral health problems were common among the patients on admission (86%), as well as at discharge (51%). The frequency of the problems was significantly lower at discharge compared to admission. The OHP that were recommended in ROAG were completely followed when saliva flow-related problems were detected. Regarding other oral health problems, measures other than the recommended ones were often performed. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the oral health was better at the end of the hospital stay compared to admission.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-rater reliability of an oral assessment guide for elderly patients residing in a rehabilitation ward
- 2002
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Ingår i: Special Care in Dentistry. - : Wiley. - 0275-1879 .- 1754-4505. ; 22:5, s. 181-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to test the inter-rater reliability of a revised oral assessment guide (ROAG) for patients residing in a geriatric rehabilitation ward. A consecutive sample of 140 patients was recruited for the study. Oral assessments were performed for 133 newly admitted patients by one registered nurse (RN) during a period of six months. A dental hygienist (DH) carried out 103 oral assessments during the same half-year. For 66 patients, the RN and the DH performed independent assessments. There was an agreement between the RN and the DH in the majority of the independent assessments, except for tongue and teeth/dentures. The percentage agreement exceeded 80 percent. Inter-rater agreement measured by Cohen's Kappa coefficient ranged from moderate to very good and percentage agreement had a range of 58 to 91 percent. The agreement was highest in assessment of voice and swallowing (91%). Assessments of teeth and dentures seemed to be most difficult for the RN to evaluate. ROAG was found to be a clinically useful assessment tool. Additional education and training is needed to improve the reliability of the oral assessments and should include continuous support from a dental hygienist as well as a pictorial manual on how to use the ROAG.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-rater reliability of an oral assessment guide för elderly patients residing in a rehabilitation ward
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Special Care in Dentistry. - 0275-1879. ; 22:5, s. 181-186
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to test the inter-rater reliability of a revised oral assessment guide (ROAG) for patients residing in a geriatric rehabilitation ward. A consecutive sample of 140 patients was recruited for the study. Oral assessments were performed for 133 newly admitted patients by one registered nurse (RN) during a period of six months. A dental hygienist (DH) carried out 103 oral assessments during the same half-year. For 66 patients, the RN and the DH performed independent assessments. There was an agreement between the RN and the DH in the majority of the independent assessments, except for tongue and teeth/dentures. The percentage agreement exceeded 80 percent. Inter-rater agreement measured by Cohen's Kappa coefficient ranged from moderate to very good and percentage agreement had a range of 58 to 91 percent. The agreement was highest in assessment of voice and swallowing (91%). Assessments of teeth and dentures seemed to be most difficult for the RN to evaluate. ROAG was found to be a clinically useful assessment tool. Additional education and training is needed to improve the reliability of the oral assessments and should include continuous support from a dental hygienist as well as a pictorial manual on how to use the ROAG.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health and nutritional status in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 16:3, s. 311-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to evaluate the oral health status and nutritional status in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients, and to analyse the relationship between these two parameters. Nurses at the ward performed structured assessments of oral and nutritional status using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide and the Subjective Global Assessment form in 223 newly admitted patients. Most oral health problems were found among patients who stayed longer at the hospital and were more dependent on help as compared with the healthier patients. Thirty-four per cent of the patients were either severely undernourished, at risk or suspected to be undernourished (UN). Oral health problems were more common among UN patients (p < 0.0005) compared with well-nourished patients. The most frequent oral health problem was found on teeth or dentures (48%). Problems related to the tongue and lips were also common among UN patients (56 and 44%, respectively). Oral health status was correlated (r = 0.32) to nutritional status. Problems with swallowing had the strongest association to the nutritional status (OR 6.05; 95% CI 2.41-15.18). This study demonstrated that poor oral health status was related to undernourishment.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health and nutritional status in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1471-6712 .- 0283-9318. ; 16:3, s. 311-318
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to evaluate the oral health status and nutritional status in a group of geriatric rehabilitation patients, and to analyse the relationship between these two parameters. Nurses at the ward performed structured assessments of oral and nutritional status using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide and the Subjective Global Assessment form in 223 newly admitted patients. Most oral health problems were found among patients who stayed longer at the hospital and were more dependent on help as compared with the healthier patients. Thirty-four per cent of the patients were either severely undernourished, at risk or suspected to be undernourished (UN). Oral health problems were more common among UN patients (p < 0.0005) compared with well-nourished patients. The most frequent oral health problem was found on teeth or dentures (48%). Problems related to the tongue and lips were also common among UN patients (56 and 44%, respectively). Oral health status was correlated (r = 0.32) to nutritional status. Problems with swallowing had the strongest association to the nutritional status (OR 6.05; 95% CI 2.41-15.18). This study demonstrated that poor oral health status was related to undernourishment.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Oral health problems in elderly rehabilitation patients
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 2:2, s. 70-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A combination of poor oral hygiene and dry mouth may be hazardous to the oral health status. However, systematic assessments in order to detect oral health problems are seldom performed in the nursing care of the elderly. The aims of this study were to investigate the occurrence of oral health problems measured using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) and to analyse associations between oral health problems and age, gender, living conditions, cohabitation, reason for admission, number of drugs, and functional and nutritional status. One registered nurse performed oral health assessments using ROAG in 161 newly admitted elderly patients in rehabilitation care. Oral health problems were found in 71% of the patients. Thirty per cent of these patients had between four and eight problems. Low saliva flow and problems related to lips were the most frequent oral health problems. Problems in oral health status were significantly associated with presence of respiratory diseases (problems with gums, lips, alterations on the tongue and mucous membranes), living in special accommodation (low saliva flow, problems with teeth/dentures and alterations on the tongue), being undernourished (alterations on the tongue and low saliva flow) and being a woman (low saliva flow). The highest Odds ratio (OR) was found in problems with gums in relation with prevalence of respiratory diseases (OR 8.9; confidence interval (CI) 2.8-27.8; P < 0.0005). This study indicates the importance of standardised oral health assessments in order to detect oral health problems which can otherwise be hidden when the patients are admitted to the hospital ward.
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| 12. |
- Balciunas, Darius, et al.
(författare)
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Functional interactions within yeast mediator and evidence of differential subunit modifications
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 278:6, s. 3831-3839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is possible to recruit RNA polymerase II to a target promoter and, thus, activate transcription by fusing Mediator subunits to a DNA binding domain. To investigate functional interactions within Mediator, we have tested such fusions of the lexA DNA binding domain to Med1, Med2, Gal11, Srb7, and Srb10 in wild type, med1, med2, gal11, sin4, srb8, srb10, and srb11 strains. We found that lexA-Med2 and lexA-Gal11 are strong activators that are independent of all Mediator subunits tested. lexA-Srb10 is a weak activator that depends on Srb8 and Srb11. lexA-Med1 and lexA-Srb7 are both cryptic activators that become active in the absence of Srb8, Srb10, Srb11, or Sin4. An unexpected finding was that lexA-VP16 differs from Gal4-VP16 in that it is independent of the activator binding Mediator module. Both lexA-Med1 and lexA-Srb7 are stably associated with Med4 and Med8, which suggests that they are incorporated into Mediator. Med4 and Med8 exist in two mobility forms that differ in their association with lexA-Med1 and lexA-Srb7. Within purified Mediator, Med4 is present as a phosphorylated lower mobility form. Taken together, these results suggest that assembly of Mediator is a multistep process that involves conversion of both Med4 and Med8 to their low mobility forms.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hallberg, Magnus, 1974-
(författare)
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Studies of Functional Interactions within Yeast Mediator and a Proposed Novel Mechanism for Regulation of Gene Expression
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The yeast Mediator complex is required for transcriptional regulation both in vivo and in vitro and the identification of similar complexes from metazoans indicates that its function is conserved through evolution. Mediator subunit composition and structure is well characterized both by biochemical, genetic and biophysical methods. In contrast, little is known about the mechanisms by which Mediator operates and how the complex is regulated. The aim of my thesis was to elucidate how Mediator functions at the molecular level and to investigate functional interactions within Mediator. It is possible to recruit RNA polymerase II to a target promoter and thus to activate transcription by fusing Mediator subunits to a DNA binding domain. In order to investigate functional interactions within Mediator, we made such fusion proteins where different Mediator subunits were fused to the DNA binding domain of lexA. The expression of a reporter gene containing binding sites for lexA was subsequently measured in both a wild type strain and in strains where genes encoding specific Mediator subunits had been disrupted. We found that lexA-Med2 and lexA-Gal11 are strong activators that function independently of all Mediator subunits tested. On the other hand, lexA-Srb10 is a weak activator that depends on Srb8 and Srb11 and lexA-Med1 and lexA-Srb7 are both cryptic activators that become active in the absence of Srb8, Srb10, Srb11, or Sin4. Both lexA-Med1 and lexA-Srb7 proteins showed a stable association with the Mediator subunits Med4 and Med8 in wild type cells and in all deletion strains tested, indicating that they were functionally incorporated into the Mediator complex. We also showed that both Med4 and Med8 exist in two forms that differed in electrophoretic mobility and that these forms differed in their ability to associate with Mediator immuno-purified from the LEXA-SRB7 and LEXA-MED1 strains. Dephosphorylation assays of purified Mediator indicated that the two mobility forms of Med4 corresponded to the phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of the Med4 protein respectively. Some of the data presented in this study as well as previous genetic and biochemical data obtained in our lab suggested a functional link between the Med1, Med2, Srb10 and Srb11 proteins. We extended these findings by showing that the Srb10 kinase phosphorylates the Med2 protein at residue serine 208, both in vitro and in vivo. We also showed that a point mutation of the single phosphorylation site to an alanine or to an aspartic acid residue altered the gene expression of a specific set of genes. Taken together, these data indicate that posttranslational modification of Mediator subunits is a so far uncharacterized mechanism for regulation of gene expression. In order to study the function of the Srb7 subunit of Mediator, we isolated a temperature sensitive strain where the amino acids 2 to 8 of srb7 were deleted. The Mediator subunits Nut2 and Med7 were isolated as high copy suppressor of srb7-∆(2-8) and we were also able to show that Srb7 interacted with Nut2 and Med7 both in a 2-hybrid system and in co-immuno precipitation experiments using recombinantly expressed proteins. Interestingly, a deletion of amino acids 2 to 8 of Srb7 abolishes its interaction with both Med7 and Nut2 in vitro. Med4 also interacted with Srb7 in the 2-hybrid system and surprisingly, the first eight amino acids of Srb7 were shown to be sufficient for this interaction.
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