| 1. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
A general search for new phenomena in ep scattering at HERA
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 602:1-2, s. 14-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model-independent search for deviations from the Standard Model prediction is performed in e(+) p and e(-) p collisions at HERA using H1 data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 117 pb(-1). For the first time all event topologies involving isolated electrons, photons, muons, neutrinos and jets with high transverse momenta are investigated in a single analysis. Events are assigned to exclusive classes according to their final state. A statistical algorithm is developed to search for deviations from the Standard Model in the distributions of the scalar sum of transverse momenta or invariant mass of final state particles and to quantify their significance. A good agreement with the Standard Model prediction is observed in most of the event classes. The most significant deviation is found for a topology containing an isolated muon, missing transverse momentum and a jet, consistent with a previously reported observation.
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| 2. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence for a narrow anti-charmed baryon state
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 588:1-2, s. 17-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A narrow resonance in D*(-)p and D*(+)(p) over bar invariant mass combinations is observed in inelastic electron-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 300 GeV and 320 GeV at HERA. The resonance has a mass of 3099 +/- 3(stat.) +/- 5(syst.) MeV and a measured Gaussian width of 12 +/- 3(stat.) MeV, compatible with the experimental resolution. The resonance is interpreted as an anti-charmed baryon with a minimal constituent quark composition of uudd (c) over bar, together with the charge conjugate. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of anti-deuteron photoproduction and a search for heavy stable charged particles at HERA
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 36:4, s. 413-423
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross section for anti-deuteron photoproduction is measured at HERA at a mean centre-of-mass energy of W-gammap=200 GeV in the range 0.2 < p(T)/M < 0.7 and y < 0.4, where M, p(T) and y are the mass, transverse momentum and rapidity of the anti-deuteron in the HERA laboratory frame, respectively. The numbers of anti-deuterons per event are found to be similar in photoproduction to those in central proton-proton collisions at the CERN ISR but much lower than those in central Au-Au collisions at RHIC. The coalescence parameter B-2, which characterizes the likelihood of anti-deuteron production, is measured in photoproduction to be 0.010+/-0.002+/-0.001, which is much higher than in Au-Au collisions at a similar nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy. No significant production of particles heavier than deuterons is observed and upper limits are set on the photoproduction cross sections for such particles.
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| 4. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of the proton structure function F-2 at low Q(2) in QED Compton scattering at HERA
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 598:3-4, s. 159-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proton structure function F-2(x, Q(2)) is measured in inelastic QED Compton scattering using data collected with the H1 detector at HERA. QED Compton events are used to access the kinematic range of very low virtualities of the exchanged photon, Q(2), down to 0.5 GeV2, and Bjorken x up to similar to 0.06, a region which has not been covered previously by inclusive measurements at HERA. The results are in agreement with the measurements from fixed target lepton-nucleon scattering experiments. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 5. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Search for bosonic stop decays in R-parity violating supersymmetry in e(+)p collisions at HERA
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 599:3-4, s. 159-172
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for scalar top quarks in R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in e(+)p collisions at HERA using the H1 detector. The data, taken at roots = 319 GeV and 301 GeV, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 106 pb(-1). The resonant production of scalar top quarks t in positron quark fusion via an R-parity violating Yukawa coupling lambda' is considered with the subsequent bosonic stop decay t --> BW. The R-parity violating decay of the sbottom quark b --> dv(e) and leptonic and hadronic W decays are considered. No evidence for stop production is found in the search for bosonic stop decays nor in a search for the direct R-parity violating decay t --> eq. Mass dependent limits on lambda' are obtained in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model. Stop quarks with masses up to 275 GeV can be excluded at the 95% confidence level for a Yukawa coupling of electromagnetic strength. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Aktas, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Search for squark production in R-parity violating supersymmetry at HERA
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 36:4, s. 425-440
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for squarks in R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in e(+/-)p collisions at HERA using the H1 detector. The data were taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 319 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 64.3 pb(-1) for e (+) p collisions and 13.5 pb(-1) for e(-)p collisions. The resonant production of squarks via a Yukawa coupling lambda' is considered, taking into account direct and indirect R-parity violating decay modes. No evidence for squark production is found in the multi-lepton and multi-jet final state topologies investigated. Mass dependent limits on lambda' are obtained in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. In addition, the results are interpreted in terms of constraints on the parameters of the minimal Supergravity model. At the 95% confidence level squarks of all flavours with masses up to 275 GeV are excluded in a large part of the parameter space for a Yukawa coupling of electromagnetic strength. For a coupling strength 100 times smaller, masses up to 220 GeV can be ruled out.
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| 7. |
- Kowalski, Marek, et al.
(författare)
-
Physics results from the AMANDA neutrino detector
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Science. - 1824-8039. ; HEP2001
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the winter season of 2000, the AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And NeutrinoDetector Array) detector was completed to its nal state. We report on major physicsresults obtained from the AMANDA-B10 detector, as well as initial results of the fullAMANDA-II detector.
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| 8. |
- Moss, B, et al.
(författare)
-
The determination of ecological status in shallow lakes - a tested system (ECOFRAME) for implementation of the European Water Framework Directive
- 2003
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Ingår i: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. - : Wiley. - 1052-7613. ; 13:6, s. 507-549
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The European Water Framework Directive requires the determination of ecological status in European fresh and saline waters. This is to be through the establishment of a typology of surface water bodies, the determination of reference (high status) conditions in each element (ecotype) of the typology and of lower grades of status (good, moderate, poor and bad) for each ecotype. It then requires classification of the status of the water bodies and their restoration to at least 'good status' in a specified period. 2. Though there are many methods for assessing water quality, none has the scope of that defined in the Directive. The provisions of the Directive require a wide range of variables to be measured and give only general guidance as to how systems of classification should be established. This raises issues of comparability across States and of the costs of making the determinations. 3. Using expert workshops and subsequent field testing, a practicable pan-European typology and classification system has been developed for shallow lakes, which can easily be extended to all lakes. It is parsimonious in its choice of determinands, but based on current limnological understanding and therefore as cost-effective as possible. 4. A core typology is described, which can be expanded easily in particular States to meet local conditions. The core includes 48 ecotypes across the entire European climate gradient and incorporates climate, lake area, geology of the catchment and conductivity. 5. The classification system is founded on a liberal interpretation of Annexes in the Directive and uses variables that are inexpensive to measure and ecologically relevant. The need for taxonomic expertise is minimized. 6. The scheme has been through eight iterations, two of which were tested in the field on tranches of 66 lakes. The final version, Version 8, is offered for operational testing and further refinement by statutory authorities.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hansson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Three semidominant barley mutants with single amino acid substitutions in the smallest magnesium chelatase subunit form defective AAA+ hexamers
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 99:21, s. 13944-13949
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many enzymes of the bacteriochlorophyll and chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways have been conserved throughout evolution, but the molecular mechanisms of the key steps remain unclear. The magnesium chelatase reaction is one of these steps, and it requires the proteins BchI, BchD, and BchH to catalyze the insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX upon ATP hydrolysis. Structural analyses have shown that BchI forms hexamers and belongs to the ATPases associated with various cellular activities (AAA+) family of proteins. AAA+ proteins are Mg2+-dependent ATPases that normally form oligomeric ring structures in the presence of ATP. By using ATPase-deficient BchI subunits, we demonstrate that binding of ATP is sufficient to form BchI oligomers. Further, ATPase-deficient BchI proteins can form mixed oligomers with WT BchI. The formation of BchI oligomers is not sufficient for magnesium chelatase activity when combined with BchD and BchH. Combining WT BchI with ATPase-deficient BchI in an assay disrupts the chelatase reaction, but the presence of deficient BchI does not inhibit ATPase activity of the WT BchI. Thus, the ATPase of every WT segment of the hexamer is autonomous, but all segments of the hexamer must be capable of ATP hydrolysis for magnesium chelatase activity. We suggest that ATP hydrolysis of each BchI within the hexamer causes a conformational change of the hexamer as a whole. However, hexamers containing ATPase-deficient BchI are unable to perform this ATP-dependent conformational change, and the magnesium chelatase reaction is stalled in an early stage.
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| 11. |
- Hansson, B. T., et al.
(författare)
-
Eye-safe actively Q-switched microchip laser with an electro-absorbing semiconductor modulator
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Optics Letters. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 26:14, s. 1057-1059
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present what we believe to be the first actively Q-switched monolithic microchip laser with a wavelength of 1.55 mum that uses an electro-absorbing semiconductor modulator. At an absorbed pump power of 130 mW and a switching voltage of 2.2 V, the laser produces 470-nJ pulses at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. The output is a stable single longitudinal mode with a center wavelength of 1.553 mu tm, and the transverse beam profile is close to an ideal Gaussian, with an M-2 value of 1.15.
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| 12. |
- Hansson, B. T., et al.
(författare)
-
Pulsed 1.55 mu m transmission mode microchip laser using semiconductor modulator
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 37:4, s. 223-225
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A semiconductor saturable absorber modulator is used, for the first time, in a passively Q-switched microchip laser in transmitting mode. The laser has a wavelength of 1.55 mum in a single longitudinal TEM, mode beam and has pulse characteristics that compare favourably with preciously reported data un comparable devices.
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| 13. |
- Hansson, B. T., et al.
(författare)
-
Pump-mode influence on the performance of end-pumped passively Q-switched lasers
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Optics. A, Pure and applied optics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1464-4258 .- 1741-3567. ; 4:1, s. 29-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a simple way of adjusting the output performance of end-pumped passively Q-switched lasers. The method is based on changing the size of the pump mode within the active medium, and the approach is demonstrated both in theory and in practice. We show that it is possible to modify the repetition rate from 7 kHz to 1 MHz and the pulse length from 6 to 30 ns for the laser used in the experiments.
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| 14. |
- Hansson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
-
Vibration suppression,of railway car body with piezoelectric elements (A study by using a scale model)
- 2004
-
Ingår i: JSME international journal. Series C, Mechanical systems, machine elements and manufacturing. - : Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 1344-7653 .- 1347-538X. ; 47:2, s. 451-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new method for improving riding comfort by reducing vertical flexural vibrations in railway car bodies using piezoelectric elements is studied in this paper. Piezoelectric elements are attached on the car body in order to convert vibration energy to,electrical energy, which can be dissipated in a shunt circuit. Assuming the car body as an elastically supported Bernoulli-Euler beam, theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are carried out. The numerical results are supplemented by experiments on a 1:5 scale model of a Shinkansen vehicle. Both numerical and experimental results indicate that the method yields significant vibration suppression with only a small amount of added weight. Two types of shunt circuits; a single-mode circuit and a multi-mode circuit are studied.
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| 15. |
- Hansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of key worker and patient assessment of needs in schizophrenic patients living in the community : a Nordic multicentre study.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 103:1, s. 45-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is concluded that key workers and patients disagree particularly concerning unmet needs and that this is potentially related to a number of factors associated with the key worker and patient. It is also concluded that further research is needed to increase the knowledge concerning the sources of this disagreement if need assessment is to become a valid basis for service planning and individual treatment planning.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Middelboe, T, et al.
(författare)
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The Nordic Study on schizophrenic patients living in the community. Subjective needs and perceived help.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European psychiatry. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 16:4, s. 207-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a community sample of 418 persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, subjective needs and perceived help was measured by the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN). The mean number of reported needs was 6.2 and the mean number of unmet needs 2.6. The prevalence of needs varied substantially between the need areas from 3.6% ('telephone') to 84.0% ('psychotic symptoms'). The rate of satisfaction estimated as the percentage of persons satisfied with the help provided within an area varied between 20.0% ('telephone') and 80.6% ('food'). The need areas concerning social and interpersonal functioning demonstrated the highest proportion of unmet to total needs. In a majority of need areas the patients received more help from services than from relatives, but in the areas of social relations the informal network provided substantial help. In general the patients reported a need for help from services clearly exceeding the actual amount of help received. In a linear regression model symptom load (BPRS) and impaired functioning (GAF) were significant predictors of the need status, explaining 30% of the variance in total needs and 20% of the variance in unmet needs. It is concluded that the mental health system fails to detect and alleviate needs in several areas of major importance to schizophrenic patients. Enhanced collaboration between the care system and the informal network to systematically map the need profile of the patients seems necessary to minimise the gap between perceived needs and received help.
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| 18. |
- Nilsson, Fred L., et al.
(författare)
-
Growth of surface cracks under constant and variable amplitude loading
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Engineering Fracture Mechanics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-7944 .- 1873-7315. ; 71:12, s. 1725-1735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatigue crack growth experiments were performed on surface cracked tensile specimens of Inconel 718 at 400 degreesC. The loading was carried out at constant as well as at variable amplitude. The experimental results for the mean growth rate were compared with predictions based on data obtained from testing of compact tension specimens. Both nominal data as well as data corrected from measured crack closure were used in the predictions. The corrected data provided much better predictions than the nominal ones indicating that the level of crack closure during the testing of the surface cracked specimens was much lower than in compact tension specimens.
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| 19. |
- Sakamoto, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Interaction of metastable molecular oxygen with the dangling bonds of a Si(111)-(7×7) surface
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena. - 0368-2048 .- 1873-2526. ; 114-116, s. 489-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the interaction between metastable molecular oxygen and the adatom dangling bonds modified by the adsorption of atomic oxygen into the back-bonds of a Si(111)-(7×7) surface. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the metastable states increase in intensity faster but with a decrease in its saturated intensity as the coverage of atomic oxygen increases. This result suggests that the number of modified dangling bonds is not the only important factor for the adsorption process of metastable oxygen. Taking into account the observation of modified dangling bonds with different density of states in scanning tunneling microscopy, we conclude that the adsorption of the metastable oxygen species correlates closely with the density of states of the dangling bond.
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| 20. |
- Uhrberg, Roger, et al.
(författare)
-
Electronic structure of Sn/Si(111) √3×√3 : Indications of a low-temperature phase
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 62:12, s. 8082-8086
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sn/Si(111) √3×√3 surface has been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and scanning tunneling microscopy. Unlike Sn/Ge(111), the Sn/Si(111) surface shows a √3×√3 LEED pattern at low temperature also (70 K). The electronic structure, however, is inconsistent with a pure √3×√3 phase. Sn 4d spectra exhibit two major components and the valence band shows two surface bands. These features have been associated with the low-temperature 3×3 phase in the case of Sn/Ge(111). The similarity in the electronic structure points to stabilization of a low-temperature phase for Sn/Si(111) also, but at a significantly lower temperature (<70 K).
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| 21. |
- Van de Bund, WJ, et al.
(författare)
-
Responses of phytoplankton to fish predation and nutrient loading in shallow lakes: a pan-European mesocosm experiment
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - : Wiley. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 49:12, s. 1608-1618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The impacts of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) and planktivorous fish on phytoplankton composition and biomass were studied in six shallow, macrophyte-dominated lakes across Europe using mesocosm experiments. 2. Phytoplankton biomass was more influenced by nutrients than by densities of planktivorous fish. Nutrient addition resulted in increased algal biomass at all locations. In some experiments, a decrease was noted at the highest nutrient loadings, corresponding to added concentrations of 1 mg L-1 P and 10 mg L-1 N. 3. Chlorophyll a was a more precise parameter to quantify phytoplankton biomass than algal biovolume, with lower within-treatment variability. 4. Higher densities of planktivorous fish shifted phytoplankton composition toward smaller algae (GALD < 50 mum). High nutrient loadings selected in favour of chlorophytes and cyanobacteria, while biovolumes of diatoms and dinophytes decreased. High temperatures also may increase the contribution of cyanobacteria to total phytoplankton biovolume in shallow lakes.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Rydberg state-mediated photoionisation of dissociating NaK wave packets in the B-1 Pi state
- 2000
-
Ingår i: CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0009-2614. ; 322:5, s. 439-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photoionisation dynamics of NaK molecules in the (BII)-I-1: state is studied in both frequency and time domain by femtosecond laser spectroscopy. Comparison to model calculations shows that the photoionisation proceeds via intermediate-to-high-n Rydbe
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| 23. |
- Balldin, T., et al.
(författare)
-
MTFC ett nytt arbetssätt med ungdomar
- 2002
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Ingår i: Svensk familjeterapi. - 1100-3421. ; :3-4, s. 6-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Björkman, T, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of improvement in quality of life of long-term mentally ill individuals receiving case management.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: European Psychiatry. - 1778-3585. ; 17:1, s. 33-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One hundred and thirteen long-term mentally ill clients receiving case management were investigated with regard to psychosocial and clinical predictors of changes in subjective quality of life during an 18-month follow-up. Better psychosocial functioning and fewer psychiatric symptoms at baseline predicted a greater improvement in quality of life. A larger decrease in symptom severity and a greater improvement in the social network during the follow-up were identified as the most important predictors of a greater improvement in subjective quality of life. The results of the study suggest that an emphasis should be put on effective symptom management, a reduction of needs for care and social support in order to fulfill the aims of improving subjective quality of life in patients receiving case management.
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| 26. |
- Bower, K. N., et al.
(författare)
-
ACE-2 HILLCLOUD. An overview of the ACE-2 ground-based cloud experiment
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6509. ; 52:2, s. 750-778
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ACE-2 HILLCLOUD experiment was carried out on the island of Tenerife in June-July 1997 to investigate the interaction of the boundary layer aerosol with a hill cap cloud forming over a ridge to the north-east of the island. The cloud was used as a natural flow through reactor to investigate the dependence of the cloud microphysics and chemistry on the characteristics of the aerosols and trace gases entering cloud, and to simultaneously study the influence of the physical and chemical processes occurring within the cloud on the size distribution, chemical and hygroscopic properties of the aerosol exiting cloud. 5 major ground base sites were used, measuring trace gases and aerosols upwind and downwind of the cloud, and cloud microphysics and chemistry and interstitial aerosol and gases within the cloud on the hill. 8 intensive measurement periods or runs were undertaken during cloud events, (nocturnally for seven of the eight runs) and were carried out in a wide range of airmass conditions from clean maritime to polluted continental. Polluted air was characterised by higher than average concentrations of ozone (> 50 ppbv), fine and accumulation mode aerosols (> 3000 and > 1500 cm -3 , respectively) and higher aerosol mass loadings. Cloud droplet number concentrations N, increased from 50 cm -3 in background maritime air to > 2500 cm -3 in aged polluted continental air, a concentration much higher than had previously been detected. Surprisingly, N was seen to vary almost linearly with aerosol number across this range. The droplet aerosol analyser (DAA) measured higher droplet numbers than the corrected forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP) in the most polluted air, but at other times there was good agreement (FSSP = 0.95 DAA with an r 2 = 0.89 for N < 1200 cm -3 ). Background ammonia gas concentrations were around 0.3 ppbv even in air originating over the ocean, another unexpected but important result for the region. NO 2 was present in background concentrations of typically 15 pptv to 100 pptv and NO 3 . (the nitrate radical) was observed at night throughout. Calculations suggest NO 3 . losses were mainly by reaction with DMS to produce nitric acid. Low concentrations of SO 2 (~30 pptv), HNO 3 and HCl were always present. HNO 3 concentrations were higher in polluted episodes and calculations implied that these exceeded those which could be accounted for by NO 2 oxidation. It is presumed that nitric and hydrochloric acids were present as a result of outgassing from aerosol, the HNO 3 from nitrate rich aerosol transported into the region from upwind of Tenerife, and HCl from sea salt aerosol newly formed at the sea surface. The oxidants hydrogen peroxide and ozone were abundant (i.e., were well in excess over SO 2 throughout the experiment). Occasions of significant aerosol growth following cloud processing were observed, particularly in cleaner cases. Observations and modelling suggested this was due mainly to the take up of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and ammonia by the smallest activated aerosol particles. On a few occasions a small contribution was made by the in-cloud oxidation of S(IV). The implications of these results from HILLCLOUD for the climatologically more important stratocumulus Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) clouds are considered.
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| 27. |
- Broberg, AG, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported competencies and problems among Swedish adolescents : A normative study of the YSR
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 10:3, s. 186-193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to provide a standardisation of self-reported competencies and emotional/behavioural problems among Swedish adolescents, using the Youth Self-Report (YSR). The YSR was completed by 2522 adolescents aged 13-18 years, recruited from secondary and upper secondary schools in different regions in Sweden. The results showed that effects of gender and age were small but significant with girls scoring higher than boys on most problem scales, and 15- to 16-year-olds scoring higher than younger and older adolescents on the problem scales. Small effects were also found for residence as well as for parental SES. The correlations between internalising and externalising problems were 0.51 for boys and 0.49 for girls, whereas the correlation between competence and problem scores was low. We conclude that the individual variation in YSR-scores is much greater than can be attributed to factors such as gender, age, SES, or residential area. Consequently, the YSR has the potential to serve as an instrument for assessing individual adolescents' self-reported competencies and problems in Sweden. Given the almost orthogonal relation between self-reported competencies and problems, the competence scale is surprisingly little used in psychopathology research.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Christmansson, M, et al.
(författare)
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A case study of a principally new way of materials kitting - an evaluation of time consumption and physical workload
- 2002
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier. - 0169-8141. ; 30:1, s. 49-65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a materials kitting case study, using an alternative method for materials killing: the traditional picker-to-material principle was replaced with a material-to-picker approach. The Study was made in a materials supply workshop of an automobile plant shortly after this kitting process had been introduced. The materials kitting was video recorded and the material pickers' physical exposure was assessed using ambulatory equipment to make an integrated registration of muscular activity, work postures and movements. The material pickers assessed work situations perceived as physically stressful. The materials kitting showed improved productivity as compared with other kitting methods. The study indicated that the work situation offered pickers low levels of physical exposure. The picking work was rather light but involved great repetitiveness in arm movements. The material pickers experienced the work as repetitive and having some physically stressful work situations. The integrated analyses showed: (1) that exposure in picking operations was similar to, but could be distinguished from, other work activities and (2) that picking from one type of storage package, Euro pallets, resulted in higher exposure than picking from plastic containers. More studies are needed on the implications of exposure levels in materials picking.
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| 30. |
- Claquin, T, et al.
(författare)
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Radiative forcing of climate by ice-age atmospheric dust
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Climate Dynamics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0894 .- 0930-7575. ; 20:2-3, s. 193-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During glacial periods, dust deposition rates and inferred atmospheric concentrations were globally much higher than present. According to recent model results, the large enhancement of atmospheric dust content at the last glacial maximum (LGM) can be explained only if increases in the potential dust source areas are taken into account. Such increases are to be expected, due to effects of low precipitation and low atmospheric (CO2) on plant growth. Here the modelled three-dimensional dust fields from Mahowald et al. and modelled seasonally varying surface-albedo fields derived in a parallel manner, are used to quantify the mean radiative forcing due to modern (non-anthropogenic) and LGM dust. The effect of mineralogical provenance on the radiative properties of the dust is taken into account, as is the range of optical properties associated with uncertainties about the mixing state of the dust particles. The high-latitude (poleward of 45degrees) mean change in forcing (LGM minus modern) is estimated to be small (-0.9 to +0.2 W m(-2)), especially when compared to nearly -20 W m(-2) due to reflection from the extended ice sheets. Although the net effect of dust over ice sheets is a positive forcing (warming), much of the simulated high-latitude dust was not over the ice sheets, but over unglaciated regions close to the expanded dust source region in central Asia. In the tropics the change in forcing is estimated to be overall negative, and of similarly large magnitude (-2.2 to -3.2 W m(-2)) to the radiative cooling effect of low atmospheric (CO2). Thus, the largest long-term climatic effect of the LGM dust is likely to have been a cooling of the tropics. Low tropical sea-surface temperatures, low atmospheric (CO2) and high atmospheric dust loading may be mutually reinforcing due to multiple positive feedbacks, including the negative radiative forcing effect of dust.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Forsman, M, et al.
(författare)
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A method for evaluation of manual work using synchronised video recordings and physiological measurements
- 2002
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - 1872-9126. ; 33:6, s. 533-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industrial interventions that focus on increased productivity may impair the ergonomics, on a workstation or individual level. This paper presents a method that characterises work time consumption and physical work load of manual work, using video recordings synchronised with physiological measurements of, e.g. muscular activity, and postures. The underlying idea was that it is possible to amalgamate technical and human aspects resulting in a synergetic evaluation. The method was developed through two case studies within the Swedish automotive industry, where manual materials handling was studied. A methodological result was that the synchronising procedure was sufficiently precise to allow work activities to be assigned significantly different levels of physical work load. These different levels may be used to predict physical work load in the design and change of production systems. It was concluded that the method is accurate enough to be a useful tool in industrial interventions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 33. |
- Gador, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamical interference structures in fully coupled bound-bound state quantum wave-packet dynamics
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 70:3, s. 033418-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quantum wave-packet dynamics in a bound-bound state system at intermediate coupling strength, the A and b states in the Rb-2 molecule coupled by spin-orbit interaction, was studied by ultrafast pump-probe molecular beam spectrocopy and quantum dynamical calculations. It was shown that even at elevated molecular temperatures the experimentally observed traces are characterized by dynamical interference structures of mesobatic, i.e., diabatic-adiabatic hybrid, kind. Two types of mesobatic motion were discerned: bistable, which occurs in both bound-unbound and bound-bound systems, and astable, which is particular to bound-bound systems at intermediate coupling strength. Contrary to previous expectations, the signatures of the quantum interference structures in pump-probe delay traces were found to be robust toward averaging over initial quantum states. It was shown that the spectral variations observed while tuning the pump pulse wavelength is a quantum matter-wave relative of the fringes observed in a pulsed optical Michelson interferometer.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Hansson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Living situation, subjective quality of life and social network among individuals with schizophrenia living in community settings.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 106:5, s. 343-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between characteristics of the living situation in the community and subjective quality of life and social network among community-based individuals with schizophrenia. METHOD: A total of 418 individuals with schizophrenia from 10 sites were interviewed with regard to quality of life, psychopathology, social network and needs for care. Characteristics of the living situation investigated were: living alone or not, living with family or not, and having an independent or a sheltered housing situation. RESULTS: An independent housing situation was related to a better quality of life concerning living situation and living with the family to a better quality of life concerning family relations. An independent housing situation was associated with a better social network regarding availability and adequacy of emotional relations. CONCLUSION: People with schizophrenia with an independent housing situation have a better quality of life associated with more favorable perceptions of independence, influence, and privacy. Their social network is better irrespective of whether they live alone or not, or with family or not.
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| 39. |
- Hansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and beta-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension : the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study
- 2000
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 356:9227, s. 359-365
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Calcium antagonists are a first-line treatment for hypertension. The effectiveness of diltiazem, a nondihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in reducing cardiovascular morbidity or mortality is unclear. We compared the effects of diltiazem with that of diuretics, beta-blockers, or both on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. Methods In a prospective, randomised, open, blinded endpoint study, we enrolled 10 881 patients, aged 50-74 years, at health centres in Norway and Sweden, who had diastolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg or more. We randomly assigned patients diltiazem, or diuretics, beta-blockers, or both. The combined primary endpoint was fatal and non-fatal stroke, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular death. Analysis was done by intention to treat. Findings Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lowered effectively in the diltiazem and diuretic and beta-blocker groups (reduction 20.3/18.7 vs 23.3/18.7 mm Hg, difference in systolic reduction p<0.001). A primary endpoint occurred in 403 patients in the diltiazem group and in 400 in the diuretic and beta-blocker group (16.6 vs 16.2 events per 1000 patient-years, relative risk 1.00 [95% CI 0.87-1.15], p=0.97). Fatal and non-fatal stroke occurred in 159 patients in the diltiazem group and in 196 in the diuretic and beta-blocker group (6.4 vs 7.9 events per 1000 patient-years, 0.80 [0.65-0.99], p=0.04) and fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction in 183 and 157 patients (7.4 vs 6.3 events per 1000 patient-years, 1.16 [0.94-1.44], p=0.17). Interpretation Diltiazem was as effective as treatment based on diuretics, beta-blockers, or both in preventing the combined primary endpoint of all stroke, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular death.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Hansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship of needs and quality of life in persons with schizophrenia living in the community. A Nordic multi-center study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 57:1, s. 5-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between needs for care and support and subjective quality of life was investigated in a cross-sectional multi-center study including 418 individuals with schizophrenia from 10 centers in Nordic countries. Needs in 22 domains were investigated by interviews with key workers and their patients using the Camberwell Assessment of Need scale, and quality of life by the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile. The results showed that key workers rated slightly more needs than patients. To have more unmet needs, as rated by both key workers and patients, were correlated to a worse overall subjective quality of life, while met needs showed no such association. A regression analysis, controlling for clinical and social characteristics of the patients, showed more unmet needs to be associated with a worse quality of life, accounting for 6% out of a total of 41% explained variance in subjective quality of life. Regression analyses of the relationship of unmet needs in specific life domains and overall quality of life showed that unmet needs in five domains as perceived by patients accounted for 17% of the explained variance in overall quality of life. More than half of this variance was related to an unmet need in the domain of social relationships. It is concluded that unmet needs are of specific importance in needs assessment and that attention must be paid to separate met needs for care and services from unmet needs, since the latter seem more important to consider in order to improve outcome of interventions with regard to quality of life. Specific attention should in this context also be paid to unmet needs concerning social relationships and problems with accommodation.
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| 44. |
- Hansson, M., et al.
(författare)
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General expression vectors for Staphylococcus carnosus enabled efficient production of the outer membrane protein A of Klebsiella pneumoniae
- 2002
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Letters. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0378-1097 .- 1574-6968. ; 210:2, s. 263-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- General expression vectors, designed for intracellular expression or secretion of recombinant proteins in the non-pathogenic Staphylococcus carnosus, were constructed. Both vector systems encode two different affinity tags, an upstream albumin binding protein and a downstream hexahistidyl peptide, and are furnished with cleavage sites for two site-specific proteases for optional affinity tag removal. To evaluate the novel vectors, the gene encoding the outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of Klebsiella pneumoniae was introduced into the vectors. Efficient production was demonstrated in both systems, although, as expected for OmpA fusions, somewhat better intracellularly, and the fusion proteins could be recovered as full-length products by affinity chromatography.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Hansson, Thomas, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of sensory discrimination after median nerve injury and activation in the primary somatosensory cortex on functional magnetic resonance imaging
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurosurgery. - : Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). - 0022-3085 .- 1933-0693. ; 99:1, s. 100-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Object. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of median nerve injury and regeneration on neuronal activation in the somatosensory cortex by means of functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). Methods. Ten injured male patients (mean age 26 years) were examined 15 to 58 months after a total transection of the median nerve at the wrist that was repaired with epineural sutures. Two-point discrimination was lost in Digit II-III and sensory nerve conduction displayed decreased velocity (-29%) and amplitude (-84%) in the median nerve at the wrist. The fMR images were obtained during tactile stimulation (gentle strokes) performed separately on the volar surface of either Digit II-III or Digit IV-V (eight patients: two were excluded because of movement artifacts). The SSEPs were obtained using electrical stimulation proximal to the median nerve lesion. Conclusions. Patients with loss of sensory discrimination after median nerve damage and regeneration had larger areas of activation in fMR imaging near the contralateral central sulcus during tactile stimulation of the injured compared with the noninjured hand. The increase relative to the unaffected hand was 43% (p < 0.02) for Digit II-III stimulation and 46% (p < 0.02) for Digit IV-V stimulation. The SSEP data showed normal latency and amplitude. The enlarged area of cortical activation may be the result of reorganization, and it may indicate that larger cortical areas are involved in the discriminatory task after a derangement of the peripheral input.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Hashemi, J, et al.
(författare)
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CDKN2A germ-line mutations in individuals with multiple cutaneous melanomas.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Cancer research. - 0008-5472. ; 60:24, s. 6864-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Germ-line CDKN2A mutations are present in some kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma, and in Sweden a founder mutation with an extra arginine in codon 113 (113insR) has been identified. We screened 80 individuals with at least two primary cutaneous melanomas, who were identified mainly by a search of a regional cancer registry, for germ-line CDKN2A mutations. In nine patients, CDKN2A alterations that may contribute to melanoma predisposition were detected. In six individuals with a family history of melanoma, the 113insR founder mutation was present. One patient, who also had a family history of melanoma, had a 24-bp deletion that included codons 62-69. An in vitro binding assay established that the resulting mutant p16 protein was unable to bind cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6. Two patients without a family history of melanoma had CDKN2A alterations: (a) one had a mutation in the 5' noncoding sequence (-14C/T); and (b) the other had an insertion of an extra T in codon 28, which results in a stop signal in codon 43. The median age at diagnosis of the first melanoma was significantly lower, the number of primary melanomas was significantly higher, and the presence of a family history of melanoma was significantly more common in patients with CDKN2A mutations than in those without germ-line mutations. The proportion of CDKN2A mutation carriers was significantly higher among patients treated for three or more primary melanomas compared with those with two tumors only. We conclude that mutation screening of individuals with multiple primary melanomas is a useful strategy to identify new melanoma kindreds with CDKN2A germ-line mutations.
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