| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Kim, Jae-Young, et al.
(författare)
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Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution
- 2020
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3C 279 is an archetypal blazar with a prominent radio jet that show broadband flux density variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We use an ultra-high angular resolution technique - global Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) at 1.3mm (230 GHz) - to resolve the innermost jet of 3C 279 in order to study its fine-scale morphology close to the jet base where highly variable-ray emission is thought to originate, according to various models. The source was observed during four days in April 2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope at 230 GHz, including the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, at an angular resolution of ∼20 μas (at a redshift of z = 0:536 this corresponds to ∼0:13 pc ∼ 1700 Schwarzschild radii with a black hole mass MBH = 8 × 108 M⊙). Imaging and model-fitting techniques were applied to the data to parameterize the fine-scale source structure and its variation.We find a multicomponent inner jet morphology with the northernmost component elongated perpendicular to the direction of the jet, as imaged at longer wavelengths. The elongated nuclear structure is consistent on all four observing days and across diffierent imaging methods and model-fitting techniques, and therefore appears robust. Owing to its compactness and brightness, we associate the northern nuclear structure as the VLBI "core". This morphology can be interpreted as either a broad resolved jet base or a spatially bent jet.We also find significant day-to-day variations in the closure phases, which appear most pronounced on the triangles with the longest baselines. Our analysis shows that this variation is related to a systematic change of the source structure. Two inner jet components move non-radially at apparent speeds of ∼15 c and ∼20 c (∼1:3 and ∼1:7 μas day-1, respectively), which more strongly supports the scenario of traveling shocks or instabilities in a bent, possibly rotating jet. The observed apparent speeds are also coincident with the 3C 279 large-scale jet kinematics observed at longer (cm) wavelengths, suggesting no significant jet acceleration between the 1.3mm core and the outer jet. The intrinsic brightness temperature of the jet components are ≤1010 K, a magnitude or more lower than typical values seen at ≥7mm wavelengths. The low brightness temperature and morphological complexity suggest that the core region of 3C 279 becomes optically thin at short (mm) wavelengths.
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| 5. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 6. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 7. |
- Gupta, Ankur, et al.
(författare)
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Cell factory-derived bioactive molecules with polymeric cryogel scaffold enhance the repair of subchondral cartilage defect in rabbits.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1932-6254. ; 11:6, s. 1689-1700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have explored the potential of cell factory-derived bioactive molecules, isolated from conditioned media of primary goat chondrocytes, for the repair of subchondral cartilage defects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirms the presence of transforming growth factor-β1 in an isolated protein fraction (12.56 ± 1.15 ng/mg protein fraction). These bioactive molecules were used alone or with chitosan-agarose-gelatin cryogel scaffolds, with and without chondrocytes, to check whether combined approaches further enhance cartilage repair. To evaluate this, an in vivo study was conducted on New Zealand rabbits in which a subchondral defect (4.5 mm wide × 4.5 mm deep) was surgically created. Starting after the operation, bioactive molecules were injected at the defect site at regular intervals of 14 days. Histopathological analysis showed that rabbits treated with bioactive molecules alone had cartilage regeneration after 4 weeks. However, rabbits treated with bioactive molecules along with scaffolds, with or without cells, showed cartilage formation after 3 weeks; 6 weeks after surgery, the cartilage regenerated in rabbits treated with either bioactive molecules alone or in combinations showed morphological similarities to native cartilage. No systemic cytotoxicity or inflammatory response was induced by any of the treatments. Further, ELISA was done to determine systemic toxicity, which showed no difference in concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α in blood serum, before or after surgery. In conclusion, intra-articular injection with bioactive molecules alone may be used for the repair of subchondral cartilage defects, and bioactive molecules along with chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds further enhance the repair. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 8. |
- Huang, Hongyun, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell Transplantation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6897 .- 1555-3892. ; 27:2, s. 310-324
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell therapy has been shown to be a key clinical therapeutic option for central nervous system diseases or damage. Standardization of clinical cell therapy procedures is an important task for professional associations devoted to cell therapy. The Chinese Branch of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) completed the first set of guidelines governing the clinical application of neurorestoration in 2011. The IANR and the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology (CANR) collaborated to propose the current version "Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)". The IANR council board members and CANR committee members approved this proposal on September 1, 2016, and recommend it to clinical practitioners of cellular therapy. These guidelines include items of cell type nomenclature, cell quality control, minimal suggested cell doses, patient-informed consent, indications for undergoing cell therapy, contraindications for undergoing cell therapy, documentation of procedure and therapy, safety evaluation, efficacy evaluation, policy of repeated treatments, do not charge patients for unproven therapies, basic principles of cell therapy, and publishing responsibility.
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| 9. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 10. |
- Raina, Deepak Bushan, et al.
(författare)
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Guided tissue engineering for healing of cancellous and cortical bone using a combination of biomaterial based scaffolding and local bone active molecule delivery
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0142-9612 .- 1878-5905. ; 188, s. 38-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A metaphyseal bone defect due to infection, tumor or fracture leads to loss of cancellous and cortical bone. An animal model separating the cancellous and cortical healing was used with a combination of a macroporous gelatin-calcium sulphate-hydroxyapatite (Gel-CaS-HA) biomaterial as a cancellous defect filler, and a thin collagen membrane (CM) guiding cortical bone regeneration. The membrane was immobilized with bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to enhance the osteoinductive properties. The Gel-CaS-HA cancellous defect filler contained both rhBMP-2 and a bisphosphonate, (zoledronate = ZA) to prevent premature callus resorption induced by the pro-osteoclast effect of rhBMP-2 alone. In the first part of the study, the CM delivering both rhBMP-2 and ZA was tested in a muscle pouch model in rats and the co-delivery of rhBMP-2 and ZA via the CM resulted in higher amounts of bone compared to rhBMP-2 alone. Secondly, an established tibia defect model in rats was used to study cortical and cancellous bone regeneration. The defect was left empty, filled with Gel-CaS-HA alone, Gel-CaS-HA immobilized with ZA or Gel-CaS-HA immobilized with rhBMP-2+ZA. Functionalization of the Gel-CaS-HA scaffold with bioactive molecules produced significantly more bone in the cancellous defect and its surroundings but cortical defect healing was delayed likely due to the protrusion of the Gel-CaS-HA into the cortical bone. To guide cortical regeneration, the cortical defect was sealed endosteally by a CM with or without rhBMP-2. Subsequently, the cancellous defect was filled with Gel-CaS-HA containing ZA and rhBMP-2+ZA. In the groups where the CM was doped with rhBMP-2, significantly higher number of cortices bridged. The approach to guide cancellous as well as cortical bone regeneration separately in a metaphyseal defect using two bioactive molecule immobilized biomaterials is promising and could improve the clinical care of patients with metaphyseal defects.
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| 11. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopy applied to environmental, ecological, agricultural and food safety research
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine, PIBM 2017. - 9781557528209 ; Part F70-PIBM 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser spectroscopy has a multitude of applications of importance to human and ecosystem well-being, such as in the environmental, ecological, agricultural and food safety areas. Recent work, mostly from SCNU, will be reviewed.
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| 12. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopy applied to environmental, ecological, food safety, and biomedical research
- 2016
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 24:6, s. 515-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser spectroscopy provides many possibilities for multidisciplinary applications in environmental monitoring, in the ecological field, for food safety investigations, and in biomedicine. The paper gives several examples of the power of multi-disciplinary applications of laser spectroscopy as pursued in our research group. The studies utilize mostly similar and widely applicable spectroscopic approaches. Air pollution and vegetation monitoring by lidar techniques, as well as agricultural pest insect monitoring and classification by elastic scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy are described. Biomedical aspects include food safety applications and medical diagnostics of sinusitis and otitis, with strong connection to the abatement of antibiotics resistance development.
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| 13. |
- Svantesson, Eleonor, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Panther Symposium ACL Injury Clinical Outcomes Consensus Group.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine. - 2325-9671. ; 8:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A stringent outcome assessment is a key aspect of establishing evidence-based clinical guidelines for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury treatment. To establish a standardized assessment of clinical outcome after ACL treatment, a consensus meeting including a multidisciplinary group of ACL experts was held at the ACL Consensus Meeting Panther Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, in June 2019. The aim was to establish a consensus on what data should be reported when conducting an ACL outcome study, what specific outcome measurements should be used, and at what follow-up time those outcomes should be assessed. The group reached consensus on 9 statements by using a modified Delphi method. In general, outcomes after ACL treatment can be divided into 4 robust categories: early adverse events, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), ACL graft failure/recurrent ligament disruption, and clinical measures of knee function and structure. A comprehensive assessment after ACL treatment should aim to provide a complete overview of the treatment result, optimally including the various aspects of outcome categories. For most research questions, a minimum follow-up of 2 years with an optimal follow-up rate of 80% is necessary to achieve a comprehensive assessment. This should include clinical examination, any sustained reinjuries, validated knee-specific PROs, and health-related quality of life questionnaires. In the midterm to long-term follow-up, the presence of osteoarthritis should be evaluated. This consensus paper provides practical guidelines for how the aforementioned entities of outcomes should be reported and suggests the preferred tools for a reliable and valid assessment of outcome after ACL treatment.
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| 14. |
- Tang, Siyang, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid Transceiver Design for Beamspace MIMO-NOMA in Code-Domain for MmWave Communication Using Lens Antenna Array
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8716 .- 1558-0008. ; 38:9, s. 2118-2127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a hybrid MIMO architecture, beamspace multiple input multiple output (MIMO) can significantly reduce the number of required radio frequency (RF) chains in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems without obvious performance loss, in which, however, the number of users supported cannot be larger than that of RF chains. To break this fundamental limit, we introduce the concept of code-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) into beamspace MIMO. A beam selection scheme is proposed first to maximize the sum-rate by utilizing the quasi-orthogonality of the beamspace channel. Furthermore, a low-complexity detection algorithm is developed to realize the transceiver design in mmWave communications using lens antennas. Finally, numerical results of the decoding complexity at receiver side are analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed beamspace MIMO-NOMA in code domain can achieve higher spectrum and energy efficiency compared with the existing beamspace MIMO.
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| 15. |
- Tang, Siyang, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Analysis for MmWave MIMO-SCMA systems Using Lens Antenna Array
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS WORKSHOPS (ICC WORKSHOPS). - : IEEE. - 9781728123738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent concept of beamspace multiple input multiple output (MEMO) can significantly reduce the number of required radio frequency (RE) chains in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MEMO systems without obvious performance loss. However, the number of supported users cannot be larger than the number of RF chains in hybrid MEMO architectures. To break this fundamental limit, we introduce the concept of sparse code multiple access (SCMA) with beamspace MEMO, then a useful upper bound on the average symbol error probability is obtained through the union bound. The bound is tight in beamspace nunWave MEMO-SCMA systems for high SNR regions. The analytical result is compared with simulations, and the results confirm the effectiveness of the analysis for mmWave MEMO-SCMA channels.
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| 16. |
- Wagner, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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Metal-on-metal joint bearings and hematopoetic malignancy A review
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 83:6, s. 553-558
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a review of the hip arthroplasty era. We concentrate on new metal bearings, surface replacements, and the lessons not learned, and we highlight recent reports on malignancies and joint implants. A low incidence of blood malignancies has been found in bone marrow taken at prosthetic surgery. The incidence is increased after replacement with knee implants that release very low systemic levels of metal ions. A carcinogenic effect of the high levels of metal ions released by large metal-on-metal implants cannot be excluded. Ongoing Swedish implant registry studies going back to 1975 can serve as a basis for evaluation of this risk.
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| 17. |
- Xiao, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Fully Decentralized Federated Learning-Based On-Board Mission for UAV Swarm System
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1089-7798 .- 1558-2558. ; 25:10, s. 3296-3300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To handle the data explosion in the era of Internet-of-things, it is of interest to investigate the decentralized network, with the aim at relaxing the burden at the central server along with preserving data privacy. In this work, we develop a fully decentralized federated learning (FL) framework with an inexact stochastic parallel random walk alternating direction method of multipliers (ISPW-ADMM). Performing more efficient communication and enhanced privacy preservation compared with the current state-of-the-art, the proposed ISPW-ADMM can be partially immune to the effect of time-varying dynamic network and stochastic data collection, while still in fast convergence. Benefiting from the stochastic gradients and biased first-order moment estimation, the proposed framework can be applied to any decentralized FL tasks over time-varying graphs. Thus, to demonstrate the practicability of such a framework in providing fast convergence, high communication efficiency, noise robustness for a specific on-board mission to some extent, we study the extreme learning machine-based FL model beamforming design in unmanned aerial vehicle communications, as verified by the numerical simulations.
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| 18. |
- Ye, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Decentralized Consensus Optimization Based on Parallel Random Walk
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1089-7798 .- 1558-2558. ; 24:2, s. 391-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) has recently been recognized as a promising approach for large-scale machine learning models. However, very few results study ADMM from the aspect of communication costs, especially jointly with running time. In this letter, we investigate the communication efficiency and running time of ADMM in solving the consensus optimization problem over decentralized networks. We first review the effort of random walk ADMM (W-ADMM), which reduces communication costs at the expense of running time. To accelerate the convergence speed of W-ADMM, we propose the parallel random walk ADMM (PW-ADMM) algorithm, where multiple random walks are active at the same time. Moreover, to further reduce the running time of PW-ADMM, the intelligent parallel random walk ADMM (IPW-ADMM) algorithm is proposed through integrating the Random Walk with Choice with PW-ADMM. By numerical results from simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can be both communication efficient and fast in running speed compared with state-of-the-art methods.
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