| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Färnstrand Damsgaard, Erika, 1978-
(författare)
-
Essays on Technology Choice and Spillovers
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of three essays on technology choice and spillovers.“Patent Scope and Technology Choice” analyzes the effect of an increase in patent scope on investments in R&D and innovation. It presents a model where a broad scope of the patent on the state-of-the-art technology can induce the entrant firm to do research on an alternative technology. The model predicts that an increase in patent scope can increase the probability of innovation if the incumbent's profit increase from innovating is large and the patented technology has a small advantage over the alternative technology. However, when the model is extended to Stackelberg competition or licensing, the benefit of a broad patent scope to a large extent disappears.“The World Distribution of Productivity: Country TFP Choice in a Nelson-Phelps Economy” builds a theory of the shape of the distribution of total-factor productivity (TFP) across countries. The distribution of productivity across countries is arguably twin-peaked in the data and the proposed theory presents conditions under which twin-peakedness is an equilibrium outcome. The theory combines technology spillovers, modeled as in the Nelson-Phelps specification, and dynamic benefits of TFP accumulation under rational government decision making.“Exhaustible Resources, Technology Choice and Industrialization of Developing Countries” studies technology choice in a dynamic model with two technologies for production; one which uses an exhaustible resource and an alternative technology which does not. The main finding is that if the capital stock is large relative to the resource stock, the alternative technology is immediately adopted and the time path of resource extraction is decreasing. If, instead, the capital stock is small, the alternative technology is adopted with a delay and the time path of extraction is inverse-U shaped.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hassler, John, et al.
(författare)
-
Democratic Public Good Provision
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Economic Theory. ; 133:1, s. 127-151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Hassler, John, et al.
(författare)
-
Inequality and mobility
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of economic growth (Boston). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1381-4338 .- 1573-7020. ; 12:3, s. 235-259
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acknowledging that wage inequality and intergenerational mobility are strongly interrelated, this paper presents a model in which both are jointly determined. The model enables us to study how inequality and mobility are affected by exogenous changes and what determines their correlation. A main implication of the model is that differences in the amount of public subsidies to education and educational quality produce cross-country patterns with a negative correlation between inequality and mobility. Differences in the labor market, like differences in skill-biased technology or wage compression instead produce a positive correlation. The predictions of the model are found to be consistent with various empirical observations on mobility and inequality.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Heinrich, Tobias, 1977-
(författare)
-
Essays on Growth Econometrics and Endogenous Information
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On Testing the Relationship between Human Capital and Economic Growth This paper investigates existing methodologies for testing the so-called Nelson-Phelps approach versus the Lucas approach. The paper shows that one cannot distinguish between these approaches using the existing methodologies. The paper proposes an alternative methodology based on cointegration analysis which is able to distinguish both approaches. The application to cross-country data provides evidence for the extended Neoclassical growth model, the Lucas approach and the Nelson-Phelps approach with exogenous steady state growth rate of the technology frontier and rejects the approaches with endogenous- and semi-endogenous technological progress. A General Equilibrium Framework of Information, Expectation Formation and Decision under Uncertainty This paper introduces an information framework which is combined with the recently developed similarity-based approach to decision- and expectation formation. The paper provides a closed and interrelated system where the variables of interest and information are simultaneously determined. The paper illustrates that the framework includes standard macroeconomic learning approaches such as rational expectations as well as statistical learning and naive expectations as special cases. A Behavioral Foundation of Discrimination Up until now, there has been no decision-theoretical foundation for discrimination based on acceptable primitives. The reason is that with standard assumptions about knowledge and cognitive ability of economic agents, discrimination cannot arise, as is illustrated by the paper. It relaxes the above assumptions in favor of experimental evidence and proposes a framework based on case-based decision theory combined with an information gathering process. Such a framework can provide a behavioral foundation for discriminating preferences derived from the basic assumptions of ambiguity aversion and different sizes of the population groups.
|
|
| 8. |
- Tonin, Mirco, 1976-
(författare)
-
Essays on Labour Market Structure and Policies
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis consists of three essays on labour market structure and policies.Minimum Wage and Tax Evasion: Theory builds a theoretical model to analyse the interaction between minimum wage legislation and tax evasion by employed labour. The firm and the worker agree on the amount of earnings to report to the fiscal authorities, which possess an imperfect detection technology. The introduction of the minimum wage poses a constraint on the reporting decision and induces an increase in compliance by some agents. As a consequence, a spike at the minimum wage appears in the distribution of declared earnings. Moreover, a nominally neutral fiscal regime becomes regressive, while fiscal revenues may increase.Minimum Wage and Tax Evasion: Empirical Evidence tests the prediction derived from the model in the first essay that a minimum wage hike implies a fall in true income even for those workers who appear to benefit from it. It uses the massive increase in the minimum wage that took place in Hungary in 2001 as a quasi-natural experiment. A difference-in-difference approach is used, comparing food consumption before and after the minimum wage hike for households affected by it and for similar but unaffected households. The treatment effect is negative and significant across different specifications, thus supporting the prediction of the model. The control group is validated by showing that it did not differ from the treatment group in the pre-policy period.In-Work Benefits in Search Equilibrium investigates the general equilibrium effects of in-work benefits in a search framework. Introducing in-work benefits reduces equilibrium unemployment, moderate wages, and boosts participation and search. Total employment increases as a result. Compared to a partial equilibrium analysis, accounting for general equilibrium effects reinforces the impact of benefits on labour market variables. The case when benefits are financed through proportional taxation on wages is also analysed.
|
|
