| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Danhäll, D, et al.
(author)
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Naturligt grupperat arbete vid Volvo Lastvagnar – Delrapport 1
- 1989
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumer report for the company in question (the Volvo Truck Company) which is financed by the company and partly also by a research foundation. It is a matter of a work that in this particular case were carried out during nine years in a number of experimental workshops located outside the Chalmers University of Technology. These workshops were financed by the Volvo Automobile and Truck companies. This achievement, as the final contribution to the Swedish automotive industry after having already treated this research field/problem area for more than two decades before this particular period if time (involving several junior and senior research competencies, as well as industrial and governmental foundings). Specifically, this publication explains how the authors dealt with the product architecture and product variation of the automotive products disassembled, which proved to necessary to be carried out in one of the experimental workshops (several complete automobiles and one heavy truck chassis were disassembled combined with having product data accessible in form of paper print-outs as well as by appropriate computer connections to the two Volvo companies etc.). That is, by using a special sort of “design analysis by means of axonometric hand-drawn illustrations” (see a conference contribution from 1992 that also is registered and available as o PDF-document at Chalmers Public Library (CPL) (a self-developed method found out together with a junior research competency from the School of Architecture at Chalmers).
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| 3. |
- Danhäll, D, et al.
(author)
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Naturligt grupperat arbete vid Volvo Lastvagnar – Delrapport 2
- 1989
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumer report for the company in question (the Volvo Truck Company) which is financed by the company and partly also by a research foundation. It is a matter of a work that in this particular case were carried out during nine years in a number of experimental workshops located outside the Chalmers University of Technology. These workshops were financed by the Volvo Automobile and Truck companies. This achievement, as the final contribution to the Swedish automotive industry after having already treated this research field/problem area for more than two decades before this particular period if time (involving several junior and senior research competencies, as well as industrial and governmental foundings). Specifically (and as stated for the previous report), this publication explains how the authors dealt with the product architecture and product variation of the automotive products disassembled, which proved to necessary to be carried out in one of the experimental workshops (several complete automobiles and one heavy truck chassis were disassembled combined with having product data accessible in form of paper print-outs as well as by appropriate computer connections to the two Volvo companies etc.). That is, by using a special sort of “design analysis by means of axonometric hand-drawn illustrations” (see a conference contribution from 1992 that also is registered and available as o PDF-document at Chalmers Public Library (CPL) (a self-developed method found out together with a junior research competency from the School of Architecture at Chalmers).
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| 4. |
- Danhäll, D, et al.
(author)
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Naturligt grupperat arbete vid Volvo Lastvagnar – Slutrapport
- 1990
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumer report for the company in question (the Volvo Truck Company) which is financed by the company and partly also by a research foundation. It is a matter of a work that in this particular case were carried out during nine years in a number of experimental workshops located outside the Chalmers University of Technology. These workshops were financed by the Volvo Automobile and Truck companies. This achievement, as the final contribution to the Swedish automotive industry after having already treated this research field/problem area for more than two decades before this particular period if time (involving several junior and senior research competencies, as well as industrial and governmental foundings). A comment: As was the praxis during this (early) period of time at Chalmers University of Technology, as well as probably at some other universities. This means that frequent and vast academic publication by means of e.g. conference papers and refereed contributions to scientific journals was almost unheard of. At least so for some of the applied science disciplines. However, today are the situation indeed very different (i.e. earlier was the publication in many respects focused on trying to satisfy the executive administrator the research foundation in question etc.). To be more precise, this early praxis was definitively the case for the research and development work carried out at the Department of Transportation (a broadly applied science discipline), which was characterized by more practical strives to e.g. engineer research results. Rather than relying on truer scientific efforts in a narrower sense. Functional satisfaction (i.e. something engineered work as planned instead verification/falsification of a hypothesis) was judged as being a primary aim of this research and development work. Therefore are (in the context of the publications registered in Chalmers Public Library CPL) the author making distinctions between consumer reports, on one hand. And, one the other hand, reports and preprints (manuscripts), while instead the academically orientated publications are various sort of scientific contributions presented at conferences or published in scientific journals (actually it is somewhat more complex, but further explanations are omitted here). The consumer reports were aimed at a various external organization with who the authors cooperated, and these are in many cases not available in PDF format to be easily read by logging in at CPL. This particular approach has judged as being fair/relevant fair in order to mirror of work conducted by the author or authors during the passing decades. Besides, the competencies at Chalmers Library, who actually have been very helpful, have not managed to provide appropriate answers to the various questions implied being at hand just above (this despite trying to get hold of such answers, hence this very comment).
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| 5. |
- Emtner, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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Impact of patient characteristics, education and knowledge on emergency room visits in patients with asthma and COPD : a descriptive and correlative study
- 2009
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In: BMC Pulmonary Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2466. ; 9, s. 43-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND Asthma and COPD are major health problems and an extensive burden for the patient and the health care system. Patient education has been recommended, but the influence on knowledge and health outcomes is not fully examined. Our aims were to compare patient characteristics, education and knowledge in patients who had an emergency room (ER) visit, to explore factors related to disease knowledge, and to investigate patient characteristics, patient education and knowledge in relation to further ER visits over a 12 month period. METHODS Eighty-four patients with asthma and 52 with COPD, who had had an ER visit, were included. They were interviewed by telephone 4 to 6 weeks after the ER visit and followed for a year. RESULTS Patients with COPD were older, more sedentary, had had more ER visits the previous year, and had more co morbidity than patients with asthma. About 80% of the patients had received information from health professionals or participated in education/rehabilitation, but a minority (< 20%) reported that their knowledge about how to handle the disease was good. Patients with "good knowledge" were younger, were more likely to have asthma diagnose, and had a higher educational background (p < 0.05). Sixty-seven percent of the patients with COPD had repeated ER visits during the following year versus 42% in asthma (p < 0.05) (adjusted HRR: 1.73 (1.03-2.90)). Patients who had had ER visits the year before inclusion had a higher risk of ER visits the following year (adjusted HRR: 3.83 (1.99-7.38)). There were no significant differences regarding patient education and knowledge between the group with and without further ER visits after adjusting for sex, diagnose, age, and educational background. CONCLUSION Patients with asthma had a better self reported knowledge of disease management and were less likely to have new exacerbations than patients with COPD. Reported level of knowledge was, however, in it self not a predictor of exacerbations. This indicates that information is not sufficient to reduce the burden of disease. Patient education focused on self-management and behavioral change should be emphasized.
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| 6. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Design Analysis by Means of Axonometric Hand–drawn Illustrations
- 1992
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This scientific contribution summarizes some of the research and development work carried out by the authors while we were engaged in the Volvo Automobile Company’s assembly plant in Uddevalla. It explains how we managed the illustrate the product architecture and product variation of the automobile model in question (the Volvo 700 model). Comment: Our clients (the project organisation at Volvo) allowed us to make scientific contributions reporting on e.g. principles and practises during the life of this assembly plant, but they were not keen letting us publish any hard information (many other scientists were far interested publishing just anything). For strategic reasons would, in fact, the principles be kept secret instead (however these principles, though practised by Volvo, were actually never officially/publically absorbed by the Volvo companies) (nowadays are all of the knowledgeable individuals etíher dead or retired). Most probably do similar efforts calling for an experimental workshop in connection with an industrial change, as well as access to similar competencies (various knowledgeable practitioners, as well as senior and junior research competencies, were inventible called for) (just to master the specific nomenclature at hand within the various Volvo companies was really difficult for us) (who will help an external scientist if this requires extra work just to understand what he or she wants?). This is a situation that is almost an impossibility today, with the ways research and development work are organised and financed today at Chalmers University of Technology (in fact, it was far more anarchistic earlier, as long as you were able to finance the efforts in question).
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| 7. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Naturligt grupperat arbete vid Volvo Lastvagnar – Förstudie
- 1989
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumer report for the company in question (the Volvo Truck Company) which is financed by the company and partly also by a research foundation. It is a matter of a work that in this particular case were carried out during nine years in a number of experimental workshops located outside the Chalmers University of Technology. These workshops were financed by the Volvo Automobile and Truck companies. This achievement, as the final contribution to the Swedish automotive industry after having already treated this research field/problem area for more than two decades before this particular period if time (involving several junior and senior research competencies, as well as industrial and governmental foundings). More specifically, this publication shows how the initiation of e long cooperation project with the Volvo Truck Company as started. It illustrated how an engine preheater for a heavy truck chassis is assembled on one of the two assembly lines in the Volvo Tuve plant in Gothenburg. It became obvious for others and us that the original logic of this engine preheater was lost as the components required alternately were fitted at different work stations (implying the fact that the logic of the product architecture and product variation of the physical product are totally destroyed) (in fact, the situation was even worse while taking the computer formalized product information on both of the two Volvo companies into consideration.
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| 8. |
- Gebauer, Denis, et al.
(author)
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Indications that Amorphous Calcium Carbonates Occur in Pathological Mineralisation-A Urinary Stone from a Guinea Pig
- 2018
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In: Minerals. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-163X. ; 8:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Calcium carbonate is an abundant biomineral that is of great importance in industrial or geological contexts. In recent years, many studies of the precipitation of CaCO3 have shown that amorphous precursors and intermediates are widespread in the biomineralization processes and can also be exploited in bio-inspired materials chemistry. In this work, the thorough investigation of a urinary stone of a guinea pig suggests that amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) can play a role in pathological mineralization. Importantly, certain analytical techniques that are often applied in the corresponding analyses are sensitive only to crystalline CaCO3 and can misleadingly exclude the relevance of calcium carbonate during the formation of urinary stones. Our analyses suggest that ACC is the major constituent of the particular stone studied, which possibly precipitated on struvite nuclei. Minor amounts of urea, other stable inorganics, and minor organic inclusions are observed as well.
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| 9. |
- Gumbel, Jörg, et al.
(author)
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The MATS satellite mission - gravity wave studies by Mesospheric Airglow/Aerosol Tomography and Spectroscopy
- 2020
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - : COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 20:1, s. 431-455
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Global three-dimensional data are a key to understanding gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. MATS (Mesospheric Airglow/Aerosol Tomography and Spectroscopy) is a new Swedish satellite mission that addresses this need. It applies space-borne limb imaging in combination with tomographic and spectroscopic analysis to obtain gravity wave data on relevant spatial scales. Primary measurement targets are O-2 atmospheric band dayglow and nightglow in the near infrared, and sunlight scattered from noctilucent clouds in the ultraviolet. While tomography provides horizontally and vertically resolved data, spectroscopy allows analysis in terms of mesospheric temperature, composition, and cloud properties. Based on these dynamical tracers, MATS will produce a climatology on wave spectra during a 2-year mission. Major scientific objectives include a characterization of gravity waves and their interaction with larger-scale waves and mean flow in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, as well as their relationship to dynamical conditions in the lower and upper atmosphere. MATS is currently being prepared to be ready for a launch in 2020. This paper provides an overview of scientific goals, measurement concepts, instruments, and analysis ideas.
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| 10. |
- Hederos, Carl-Axel, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of clinically diagnosed asthma with parental assessment of children's asthma in a questionnaire
- 2007
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In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 18:2, s. 135-141
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Epidemiological evaluations of the prevalence of asthma are usually based on written questionnaires (WQs) in combination with validation by clinical investigation. In the present investigation, we compared parental assessment of asthma among their preschool children in response to a WQ with the corresponding medical records in the same region. An International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-based WQ was answered by 75% of the parents of 6295 children aged 1–6 yr. Clinically diagnosed asthma, recorded in connection with admissions to the hospital or a visit to any of the outpatient clinics in the same region, were analysed in parallel. Finally, a complementary WQ was sent to the parents of children identified as asthmatic by either or both of this approaches. In response to the WQ 5.9% were claimed to suffer from asthma diagnosed by a doctor. According to the medical records, the prevalence of clinically diagnosed asthma was 4.9%. The estimated prevalence among children requiring treatment for their asthma was 4.4%. The sensitivity of the WQ was 77%, the specificity 97.5%. In the 1–2 yr age group the sensitivity was only 22%. This WQ was able to identify 54% of the children with a medical record of asthma. Forty percent of the children claimed by their parents to be asthmatic had no medical record of asthma. An ISAAC-based parentally completed WQ provided an acceptable estimation of the prevalence of asthma in children 2–6 yr of age, although only half of the individual patients identified in this manner are the same as those identified clinically.
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| 11. |
- Hedin, Allan, et al.
(author)
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Corrosion of copper in pure O2-free water?
- 2018
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In: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 137, s. 1-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Copper exposed to pure, O-2-free water for several months in glass- and metal-contained, well-controlled systems shows no evidence of corrosion, either through hydrogen evolution or through the occurrence of oxidized copper. The results contradict the interpretation of recent experiments where it has been claimed that copper corrodes in pure, O-2-free water far above the very limited extent predicted by established thermodynamic data. Reasons for the different experimental outcomes are discussed. Experimental and theoretical efforts to identify hitherto unknown, potentially corrosion driving species of the Cu-O-H system and studies of copper/water surface reactions are reviewed as background for the present study.
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| 12. |
- Jacobsen, Hedin, et al.
(author)
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Tensile Strength After Closure of Mesenteric Gaps in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass: Three Techniques Tested in a Porcine Model.
- 2013
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In: Obesity surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1708-0428 .- 0960-8923. ; 23:3, s. 320-324
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Internal hernias occur frequently after laparoscopic gastric bypass. We have found no data on the relative strength of the various techniques available for closing these defects. The present study was performed to obtain such data to form a theoretical basis for clinical studies. METHODS: Six piglets were operated laparoscopically and four loops of small bowel created in each. These mesenteric gaps were closed over a distance of 40mm using (1) running 2-0 Ethibond® suture, (2) Endo Hernia stapler, (3) fibrin glue (Tisseel®) and (4) controls, where the mesenteric surfaces were rubbed with a sponge and approximated without further intervention. After 6weeks, the different segments of the mesentery were excised. The tensile strength was measured using continuously increased traction until the closure ruptured. The ordinary mesentery served as the control. The breaking tension and total amount of energy transferred to the tissue were registered. RESULTS: Control areas with rubbed areas developed no adhesions. Suture and staple lines contracted by 30% in length, whereas the fibrin glued lines were even shorter. Median tensile strength was greatest for the sutured lines (14,293mN) and stapled lines (10,798mN). Fibrin glued lines were significantly weaker (6,780mN, p=0.013 and p=0.026), but as strong as ordinary mesentery (4,165mN). CONCLUSIONS: If ongoing controlled randomized trials show closure to be beneficial, further studies should include staples as one of the options for the closure of mesenteric defects. The role of fibrin glue needs to be further investigated.
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