| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Anttila, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är angeläget att finna metoder för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Det finns tecken på att psykisk ohälsa hos barn kan ha ökat under de senaste decennierna och strukturerade insatser för att komma till rätta med problemen blir allt vanligare såväl inom kommunal verksamhet som inom hälso- och sjukvård. Interventionen utgörs av så kallade program som är standardiserade och finns beskrivna i manual eller motsvarande. Här sammanfattas det vetenskapliga underlaget för två typer av program: dels de som främst syftar till att förebygga utagerande beteenden hos barn och ungdomar, dels de som i första hand syftar till att förebygga inåtvända problem som ångest, depression och självskadebeteende. Program som har en allmänt hälsobefrämjande effekt, t ex för att förebygga drogmissbruk och våldshandlingar ingår följaktligen inte. Programmen är avsedda att ha effekt, inte bara direkt efter att programmet har avslutats utan även i framtiden. Rapporten har tagits fram på förfrågan av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien och UPP-centrum (Utvecklingscentrum för barns psykiska hälsa) vid Socialstyrelsen. Båda har efterfrågat en systematisk litteraturöversikt för att klarlägga nyttan med att använda program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Slutsatser: - Av 33 bedömda standardiserade och strukturerade insatser (program) som syftar till att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn har sju ett begränsat vetenskapligt stöd i den internationella litteraturen. Det är föräldrastödsprogrammen Incredible Years och Triple P, familjestödsprogrammet Family Check-Up samt skolprogrammen Good Behavior Game, Coping Power, Coping with Stress och FRIENDS. Effekterna är med få undantag små. Studierna är utförda i andra länder. Eftersom effekterna sannolikt varierar med sociala och kulturella sammanhang är det oklart i vilken utsträckning som programmen kan överföras till Sverige med bibehållen effekt. Programmen kan också behöva anpassas så att de överensstämmer med svenska värderingar och syn på barns rätt. - I Sverige används ett hundratal olika program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn, i huvudsak av utagerande typ. Inget av dem har utvärderats i Sverige i randomiserade studier med minst sex månaders uppföljning. Programmen De otroliga åren (översatt från Incredible Years), Triple P och Family Check-Up har enligt internationella studier begränsat vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Programmen KOMET, COPE, SET, StegVis, Beardslees familjeintervention, Connect och DISA har undersökts i minst en kontrollerad studie vardera men har inte tillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Övriga program som används i Sverige är inte vetenskapligt utprövade som preventionsprogram. - Program som bygger på att ungdomar med utagerande problem träffas i grupp kan öka risken för normbrytande beteenden. Andra negativa effekter för såväl program för utagerande som för inåtvända problem är tänkbara men ofullständigt belysta. - Det behövs randomiserade studier som undersöker om de program som används har förebyggande effekt i svenska populationer och inte medför risker. Det behövs också hälsoekonomiska studier som undersöker om programmen är kostnadseffektiva.
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| 3. |
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Codex and Code : Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media, NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conference Codex and Code: Aesthetics, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media (NorLit 2009)was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, August 6–9, 2009. The conference was organized by the Nordic Association for Comparative Literature (NorLit); the Department of Culture and Communication, Linköping University; the School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); the Department of Comparative Literature, Stockholm University; the Department of Culture and Communication, Södertörn University College; and the Department of Comparative Literature, Uppsala University. The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced during earlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation. The conference Codex and Code wanted to stimulate interdisciplinary scholarly research of the literary in a broad sense. The conference was open to scholars in Comparative Literature and in Classical and Modern Languages, Aesthetics, Media and Communication studies, Film and Theatre studies, Philosophy and adjacent disciplines. The conference was organized around a number of thematic sessions in which researchers and scholars presented and discussed papers. The conference has received generous financial support from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, Magnus Bergwall foundation, Granholms foundation, Linköping University, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Svenska litteratursällskapet; the Swedish Academy, Swedish Science Council, and Vitterhetsakademien.
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| 4. |
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Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
-
Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Publiceringsetik
- 2013
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vetenskapliga publikationer har fått en allt mer central roll i forskarvärlden. Publikationen förmedlar och tillgängliggör forskningsresultat samtidigt som den utgör en måttstock på forskargruppens och den enskilde forskarens vetenskapliga insats. Exempelvis fördelas i allt högre utsträckning fakultetsmedel utifrån institutionernas vetenskapliga produktion och vetenskaplig kompetens bedöms ofta i termer av längden på publikationslistan. Den hårda konkurrensen om forskningsmedel och tjänster kan locka forskare att ta genvägar till ytterligare publikationer. Risken är att vetenskapen då undergrävs och att forskare blir orättvist bedömda.Den här boken belyser olika etiska aspekter av vetenskapligt publicerande. Förutom forskningsfusk tar den bland annat upp tillbakahållande av forskningsresultat, överflödig publicering, hanteringen av medförfattarskap, open access, peer review och redaktionella bedömningar, samt hur man kan försöka komma till rätta med de publiceringsetiska problem som finns.Det här är den första svenska boken på temat publiceringsetik. Den är skriven på ett sådant sätt att den ska kunna läsas av alla som är intresserade av dessa frågor. Som utbildningsmaterial lämpar den sig för kurser och undervisningsinslag i forskningsetik med inriktning på publiceringsetiska frågor, från magisternivå och uppåt.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Helgesson, Gert, et al.
(författare)
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Four Themes in Recent Swedish Bioethics Debates
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. - 0963-1801 .- 1469-2147. ; 20:3, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wide variety of bioethical themes have recently been debated and researched in Sweden, including genetic screening, HPV vaccination strategies, end-of-life care, injustices and priority setting in healthcare, dual-use research, and the never-ending story of scientific fraud. Also, there are some new events related to Swedish biobanking that might be of general interest. Here we will concentrate on four themes: end-of-life care, dual-use research, scientific fraud, and biobanking.
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| 9. |
- Helgesson, Gert, et al.
(författare)
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The moral primacy of the human being : A reply to Parker
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Ethics. - : BMJ. - 0306-6800 .- 1473-4257. ; 37:1, s. 56-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a previous paper in the Journal of Medical Ethics, the authors argued that the research ethical principle stating that the individual shall have priority over science, found in many guidelines, is utterly unclear and because of this should be explicated or otherwise deleted. In a recent commentary, Parker argued that this leaves us defending a position that would allow totalitarian regimes to pursue glory at the expense of its citizens. The present response addresses this and similar accusations.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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District 9 : a roundtable
- 2010
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Ingår i: Safundi. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1753-3171 .- 1543-1304. ; 11:1-2, s. 172-175
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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João Paulo Borges Coelho, João Albasini and the Worlding of Mozambican Literature
- 2013
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Ingår i: 1616: Anuario de literatura comparada. - 0210-7287. ; 3, s. 91-106
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In O Olho de Hertzog (2010), set in the immediate aftermath ofthe First World War, the Mozambican writer João Paulo Borges Coelho presentsa cosmopolitan panorama of colonial south-eastern Africa. «Mozambique» emergeshere not primarily as a Portuguese colonial space but as a site of multipleentanglements between interests: transnational and local, European and African,South African and Mozambican, British and German, colonial and proto-nationalist.In such a way, and differently from previous Mozambican literature, O Olhode Hertzog performs a complex act of worlding that exceeds the bounded colonial/national space of Mozambique, but resists synthesis. This cosmopolitanismcan be read expressive of the strained relations and constitutive hierarchies ofcolonial society as well as, by implication, of contemporary globalisation. Themost important index of such a critical cosmopolitanism is the trope of the «twoworlds» of Lourenço Marques, embodied in the central character João Albasini,legendary mestiço activist and founder of the proto-nationalist journal O BradoAfricano (1918-1974). Albasini functions as a Virgil for the protagonist HansMahrenholz’s descent into the colonial inferno of Mozambique. Not least byciting documentary material –Albasini’s editorials and shop signs in LourençoMarques– Coelho problematises the divisions of the colonial city, sustained byinternational capital, and provides a sharp contrast to the otherwise dominant«European» narrative of novel, which revolves around a fabled diamond andwhite South African intrigue.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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Literary Hybrids and the Circuits of Translation : The Example of Mia Couto
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cultural Expression, Creativity and Innovation. - London : Sage. - 9781412920858 ; , s. 215-224
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Translation is central to understanding how cultural expression travels and is transformed. While much critique of the globalization of literature focuses on the hegemony – and homogenizing tendencies – of English, a close comparative study of actual translations tells a different story. With the Mozambican writer Mia Couto’s work as its main example, the chapter shows how each translation may allow different meanings and emphases to emerge. Even Couto’s own writerly practice, with its hybridized language, can be read as a translation of sorts that addresses the consequences of an earlier globalization, i. e. colonialism. Hence, translation functions creatively and sometimes critically at many levels of a ‘globalized’ literature.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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Migritude
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Postcolonial Writing. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-9855 .- 1744-9863. ; 48:3, s. 331-332
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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Postcolonialism and world literature : Rethinking the boundaries
- 2014
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Ingår i: Interventions. - 1369-801X .- 1469-929X. ; 16:4, s. 483-500
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The disciplinary fields of postcolonialism and world literature are currently engaged in some sharp exchanges over the global study of literature. With Mia Couto and Assia Djebar as its test cases, this article assesses and expands the debate. While postcolonial and world literature scholars clearly have some common ground, misunderstandings as well as disagreements prevail. More importantly, however, there are evident disciplinary blind spots on both sides that call for a combination of methodologies to account for literature as grounded in local, conflictual histories and as a circulational phenomenon that moves across languages and literary fields. Insofar as literature is a globally transportable institution, it cannot be understood exclusively in terms of political power and domination, but also as a world of its own and an enabling alternative to other domains of power. Conversely, the article argues, given the tensions between their subjective position and the transnational valency of literature, writers from colonies and postcolonies are of specific and paradigmatic importance to the theorization of world literature.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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Radicalizing Temporal Difference : Anthropology, Postoclonial Theory, and Literary Time
- 2014
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Ingår i: History and Theory. - : Wiley. - 0018-2656 .- 1468-2303. ; 53:4, s. 545-562
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is an attempt to address on a theoretical level an antinomy in postcolonialapproaches to the question of temporal difference. Current scholarship tends bothto denounce the way in which the others of the Western self are placed notionally inanother time than the West and not only analytically affirm but indeed valorize multipletemporalities. I elaborate on the two problematic temporal frameworks—linear developmentalismand cultural relativism—that belong to a colonial legacy and generate theantinomy in question, and then proceed to discuss possible alternatives provided by aKoselleck-inspired approach to historical time as inherently plural. I thereby make twocentral claims: (1) postcolonial conceptions of multiple temporalities typically, if tacitly,associate time with culture, and hence risk reproducing the aporias of cultural relativism;(2) postcolonial metahistorical critique is commonly premised on a simplified and evenmonolithic understanding of Western modernity as an ideology of “linear progress.”Ultimately, I suggest that the solution lies in radicalizing, not discarding, the notion ofmultiple temporalities. Drawing on the Brazilian classic Os sertões as my key example,I also maintain that literary writing exhibits a unique “heterochronic” (in analogy with“heteroglossic”) potential, enabling a more refined understanding of temporal difference.
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| 28. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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"Ras" och ethos
- 2014
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Ingår i: Retorisk kritik. - : Retorikförlaget. - 9789186093242 ; , s. 275-286
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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Sugar Man and Anglo-Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Safundi. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1753-3171 .- 1543-1304. ; 14:4, s. 481-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Helgesson, Stefan, 1966-
(författare)
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The Event of Postcolonial Shame
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Perspectives. - 0907-676X .- 1747-6623. ; 21:2, s. 289-291
-
Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Hållen, Nicklas, 1983-
(författare)
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Travelling objects : modernity and materiality in British Colonial travel literature about Africa
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines the functions of objects in a selection of British colonial travel accounts about Africa. The works discussed were published between 1863 and 1908 and include travelogues by John Hanning Speke, Verney Lovett Cameron, Henry Morton Stanley, Mary Henrietta Kingsley, Ewart Scott Grogan, Mary Hall and Constance Larymore. The author argues that objects are deeply involved in the construction of pre-modern and modern spheres that the travelling subject moves between. The objects in the travel accounts are studied in relation to a contextual background of Victorian commodity and object culture, epitomised by the 1851 Great Exhibition and the birth of the modern anthropological museum. The four analysis chapters investigate the roles of objects in ethnographical and geographical writing, in ideological discussions about the transformative powers of colonial trade, and in narratives about the arrival of the book in the colonial periphery. As the analysis shows, however, objects tend not to behave as they are expected to do. Instead of marking temporal differences, descriptions of objects are typically unstable and riddled with contradictions and foreground the ambivalence that characterises colonial literature.
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| 37. |
- Höglund, Anna T, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethical Dilemmas and Ethical Competence in the Daily Work of Research Nurses
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Health Care Analysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1065-3058 .- 1573-3394. ; 18:3, s. 239-251
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the growing interest in nursing ethics, few studies have focused on ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses working with clinical studies as ‘research nurses’. The aim of the present study was to describe and explore ethical dilemmas that Swedish research nurses experience in their day-to-day work. In a qualitative study a purposeful sample of six research nurses from five wards of differing disciplines in four Swedish hospitals was interviewed. The analysis displayed several examples of ethical dilemmas, primarily tensions between the nurses’ obligations to the study and to the patients involved. A guiding moral principle for the nurses was patient-centeredness, where the interest of research must not override the interest of the patient. In situations where tensions between research and patient interests occurred, and doctors and nurses disagreed upon the judgement, the nurses sometimes chose to follow the doctors’ advice, and thus acted against their own moral judgment. Such situations seemed to create feelings of moral distress among the nurses. They described their profession as being ‘invisible’ and as lacking opportunities for ethical competence building. The conclusion is that research nurses frequently experience severe and difficult ethical dilemmas in their daily work. They need to be acknowledged as a particular profession in the health care organisation and encouraged to develop their specific ethical competence.
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| 38. |
- Höglund, Anna T, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of guidelines in ethical competence-building : perceptions among research nurses and physicians
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Clinical Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-7509 .- 1758-101X. ; 5:2, s. 95-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to describe and explore the perception of ethical guidelines and their role in ethical competence-building among Swedish physicians and research nurses. Twelve informants were interviewed in depth. The results demonstrated that the informants had a critical attitude towards ethical guidelines and claimed to make little use of them in practical moral judgements. Ethical competence was seen primarily as character-building, related to virtues such as being empathic, honest and loyal to patients. Ethical competence was assumed to be learned through good examples, role models and practical experience, while ethical guidelines were not perceived as valuable in this process. In order to improve the staff's familiarity with and the usability of ethical guidelines, the workplace needs to provide opportunities for ethical dialogues. In such discussions, argumentation can improve, virtues can be developed and guidelines can be usefully invoked.
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| 39. |
- Johnsson, Linus, et al.
(författare)
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Adequate trust avails, mistaken trust matters : On the moral responsibility of doctors as proxies for patients' trust in biobank research
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Bioethics. - : Wiley. - 0269-9702 .- 1467-8519. ; 27:9, s. 485-492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, most patients are recruited into biobank research by non-researcher doctors. Patients’ trust in doctors may therefore be important to their willingness to participate. We suggest a model of trust that makes sense of such transitions of trust between domains and distinguishes adequate trust from mistaken trust. The unique position of doctors implies, we argue, a Kantian imperfect duty to compensate for patients’ mistaken trust. There are at least three kinds of mistaken trust, each of which requires a different set of countermeasures. First, trust is mistaken when necessary competence is lacking; the competence must be developed or the illusion dispelled. Second, trust is irrational whenever the patient is mistaken about his actual reasons for trusting. Care must therefore be taken to support the patient’s reasoning and moral agency. Third, some patients inappropriately trust doctors to recommend only research that will benefit them directly. Such trust should be counteracted by nurturing a culture where patients expect to be asked occasionally to contribute to the common good.
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| 40. |
- Johnsson, Linus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Hypothetical and factual willingness to participate in biobank research
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 18, s. 1261-1264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the debate on biobank regulation, arguments often draw upon findings in surveys on public attitudes. However, surveys on willingness to participate in research may not always predict actual participation rates. We compared hypothetical willingness as estimated in 11 surveys conducted in Sweden, Iceland, United Kingdom, Ireland, United States and Singapore to factual participation rates in 12 biobank studies. Studies were matched by country and approximate time frame. Of 22 pairwise comparisons, 12 suggest that factual willingness to participate in biobank research is greater than hypothetical, six indicate the converse relationship, and four are inconclusive. Factual donors, in particular when recruited in health care or otherwise face-to-face with the researcher, are possibly motivated by factors that are less influential in a hypothetical context, such as altruism, trust, and sense of duty. The value of surveys in assessing factual willingness may thus be limited.
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| 41. |
- Johnsson, Linus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Making researchers moral : Why trustworthiness requires more than ethics guidelines and review
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Research Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-0161 .- 2047-6094. ; 10:1, s. 29-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research ethics, once a platform for declaring intent, discussing moral issues and providing advice and guidance to researchers, has developed over time into an extra-legal regulatory system, complete with steering documents (ethics guidelines), overseeing bodies (research ethics committees) and formal procedures (informed consent). The process of institutionalizing distrust is usually motivated by reference to past atrocities committed in the name of research and the need to secure the trustworthiness of the research system. This article examines some limitations of this approach. First, past atrocities cannot provide the necessary justification unless institutionalized distrust is a necessary or efficient means to prevent future ones – and there are several reasons to doubt this. Second, the efficacy of ethics review in safeguarding morally acceptable research depends on the moral competence and integrity of individual researchers – the very qualities that institutionalized distrust calls into question. Third, ethics guidelines cannot, as is sometimes assumed, educate or guide researchers in moral behaviour unless they already possess considerable capacity for moral judgment. Fourth, institutionalized distrust is a potential threat to the moral competence and integrity of researchers by encouraging a blinkered view of ethical issues, inducing moral heteronomy through incentives, and alienating them to research ethics. We conclude that the moral problem posed by inappropriate short-term behaviour on behalf of researchers is dwarfed by the potential long-term consequences if their moral competence is allowed to deteriorate. Measures must therefore be taken to ensure that researchers are equipped to take their individual responsibility and are not obstructed from so doing.
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| 42. |
- Johnsson, Linus, 1978-
(författare)
-
Trust in Biobank Research : Meaning and Moral Significance
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What role should trust have in biobank research? Is it a scarce resource to be cultivated, or does its moral significance lie elsewhere? How does it relate to the researcher’s individual responsibility?In this thesis I draw four general conclusions. First, trust is still very much present in at least some biobanking settings, notably in Sweden, but possibly also internationally. Second, a morally relevant conception of trust entails that to be trustworthy, researchers must consider the normative expectations that people have of them, and renegotiate expectations that are mistaken. Third, this conception differs from “public trust” assessed through surveys. The main use of the latter is to legitimate policy, not to identify moral duties. Fourth, in spite of ethics review, guidelines and informed consent procedures, ethical issues will always arise during the course of a research project. Researchers can therefore never avoid their individual moral responsibility. Ensuring that one is adequately trusted is one step towards conducting morally acceptable research.Study I indicates that few Swedes refuse storage of samples in healthcare-associated biobanks and their use in research. Study II suggests that people are somewhat more willing to donate samples than surveys indicate, especially when approached face-to-face by health care personnel. Relationships of trust might thus be important in people’s decision-making. Study III investigates trust as a moral concept. The trustee is often in a unique position to determine what the other’s trust amounts to. When it is mistaken, the trustee has an obligation to counteract it, compensate for it, or renegotiate the expectations that cannot be met. In Study IV, I critique the feasibility of guaranteeing the trustworthiness of the research apparatus through formal measures such as ethics review and guidelines. Not only are there limitations of such measures to consider. They also risk blinding researchers to ethical issues that are not covered by the rules, fostering moral complacency, and alienating researchers to ethics.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
-
NORLIT 2009, Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
-
Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 47. |
- Sjostrand, Manne, et al.
(författare)
-
Paternalism in the Name of Autonomy
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicine and Philosophy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0360-5310 .- 1744-5019. ; 38:6, s. 710-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different ideas of the normative relevance of autonomy can give rise to profoundly different action-guiding principles in healthcare. If autonomy is seen as a value rather than as a right, it can be argued that patients decisions should sometimes be overruled in order to protect or promote their own autonomy. We refer to this as paternalism in the name of autonomy. In this paper, we discuss different elements of autonomy (decision-making capacity, efficiency, and authenticity) and arguments in favor of paternalism for the sake of autonomy that have been proposed in the bioethical debate. We argue that if autonomy is valuable, then paternalism for the sake of autonomy may be justified. However, policies allowing paternalism in the name of autonomy may be self-defeating.
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| 48. |
- Sjöstrand, Manne, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomy-based arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia : A critique
- 2013
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Ingår i: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-7423 .- 1572-8633. ; 16:2, s. 225-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Respect for autonomy is typically considered a key reason for allowing physician assisted suicide and euthanasia. However, several recent papers have claimed this to be grounded in a misconception of the normative relevance of autonomy. It has been argued that autonomy is properly conceived of as a value, and that this makes assisted suicide as well as euthanasia wrong, since they destroy the autonomy of the patient. This paper evaluates this line of reasoning by investigating the conception of valuable autonomy. Starting off from the current debate in end-of-lifecare, two different interpretations of how autonomy is valuable is discussed. According to one interpretation, autonomy is a personal prudential value, which may provide a reason why euthanasia and assisted suicide might be against a patient’s best interests. According to a second interpretation, inspired by Kantian ethics, being autonomous is unconditionally valuable, which may imply a duty to preserve autonomy. We argue that both lines of reasoning have limitations when it comes to situations relevant for end of life care. It is concluded that neither way of reasoning can be used to show that assisted suicide or euthanasia always is impermissible.
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| 49. |
- Watson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Literature, geography, translation. - Cambridge : Cambridge Scholars Publishing. - 9781443830102 - 1443830100 ; , s. 1-18
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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