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- Collins, G F, et al.
(författare)
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Electron-impact fragmentation of Cl-2(-)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 72:4, s. 042708-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A merged beam technique has been used to investigate the fragmentation of the Cl-2(-) ion in collisions with electrons over an energy range of 0-200 eV. We have measured absolute cross sections for detachment, detachment plus dissociation and dissociation processes. Over the energy range studied, the dominant breakup mechanism is dissociation. Dissociation is relatively enhanced in the e(-)+Cl-2(-) collision system due to the suppression of the normally dominant detachment process, as a result of the large difference between the equilibrium internuclear distances of the Cl-2 and Cl-2(-) ground state potential curves. A prominent structure is observed just above the threshold in the Cl-+Cl+e(-) dissociation channel. It is proposed that the structure is a resonance associated with production and rapid decay of an excited state of the doubly charged Cl-2(-) ion. A plausible mechanism for production of the di-anionic state based on an excitation plus capture process is suggested.
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| 3. |
- Hellberg, P., et al.
(författare)
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A mathematical model of a blast furnace injection tuyere
- 2005
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Ingår i: Steel Research International. - : Wiley. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 76:11, s. 755-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One way to further utilise produced gases in an integrated metallurgical plant is to replace oil with gas as a reducing agent in a modern blast furnace. Accordingly, it is of great interest to study the injection of reducing gas into the blast furnace. Therefore, a three-dimensional mathematical model has been developed which simulates the injection of the gas by lances into the tuyere. The model includes the coupled solution of the flow field and the chemical reaction of the gases in the tuyere. Two different types of fuel gas, coke oven gas (COG) and basic oxygen furnace gas (BOF) have been modelled using one injection lance. The modelling technique is presented and discussed as well as the implied results. Furthermore, process parameters such as different gas compositions etc. are investigated using the developed model. Not surprisingly, the main results show that the COG is combusted more completely than BOF gas, which leads to higher flame temperature of the blast putting demand forward to lower the heat load of the tuyere. However, the modelling of the raceway is as far not included in the model, hence the influence of the outlet boundary condition at the tuyere is not reflected in the presented results.
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| 5. |
- Svensson, Lola, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Novel glycolipid variations revealed by monoclonal antibody immunochemical analysis of weak ABO subgroups of A.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Vox sanguinis. - : Wiley. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 89:1, s. 27-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The chemical basis of the subgroups of A is largely unknown. We used thin-layer chromatography immunochemical staining techniques together with a range of characterized monoclonal reagents to analyse glycolipids isolated from a variety of weak subgroups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Glycolipids isolated from red cells collected from nine genetically defined individuals of the rare subgroups of A, including a novel A(3) allele (A(2) 539G>A) not described previously, were subjected to a highly sensitive thin-layer chromatographic immunochemical analysis. RESULTS: Semicharacterized monoclonal antibodies revealed that, in addition to the expected quantitative differences between common phenotypes and the weak subgroups, qualitative glycolipid differences (or at least an apparent qualitative basis), caused by major changes in the ratios of different structures exist. Specifically it was found that the weakest A-expressing samples (A(el) phenotype) appeared to express an unusual A structure in the 8-12 sugar region. Variable expression of several structures in one of the A weak samples were suggestive of novel blood group A structures. CONCLUSIONS: Although no structural characterization could be undertaken, the results are clearly indicative that the variant glycosyltransferases of the rare ABO subgroups are not only inefficient, but they may potentially synthesize novel ABO structures.
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