| 1. |
- Ohlsson, R, et al.
(författare)
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PDGFB regulates the development of the labyrinthine layer of the mouse fetal placenta.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Dev Biol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-1606. ; 212:1, s. 124-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PDGFB is a growth factor which is vital for the completion of normal prenatal development. In this study, we report the phenotypic analysis of placentas from mouse conceptuses that lack a functional PDGFB or PDGFRbeta gene. Placentas of both types of mutant exhibit changes in the labyrinthine layer, including dilated embryonic blood vessels and reduced numbers of both pericytes and trophoblasts. These changes are seen from embryonic day (E) 13.5, which coincides with the upregulation of PDGFB mRNA levels in normal placentas. By E17, modifications in shape, size, and number of the fetal blood vessels in the mutant placentas cause an abnormal ratio of the surface areas between the fetal and the maternal blood vessels in the labyrinthine layer. Our data suggest that PDGFB acts locally to contribute to the development of the labyrinthine layer of the fetal placenta and the formation of a proper nutrient-waste exchange system during fetal development. We point out that the roles of PDGFB/Rbeta signaling in the placenta may be analogous to those in the developing kidney, by controlling pericytes in the labyrinthine layer and mesangial cells in the kidney.
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| 2. |
- Boström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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PDGF-A signaling is a critical event in lung alveolar myofibroblast development and alveogenesis.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674. ; 85:6, s. 863-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mouse platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGF-A) null allele is shown to be homozygous lethal, with two distinct restriction points, one prenatally before E10 and one postnatally. Postnatally surviving PDGF-A-deficient mice develop lung emphysema secondary to the failure of alveolar septation. This is apparently caused by the loss of alveolar myofibroblasts and associated elastin fiber deposits. PDGF alpha receptor-positive cells in the lung having the location of putative alveolar myofibroblast progenitors were specifically absent in PDGF-A null mutants. We conclude that PDGF-A is crucial for alveolar myofibroblast ontogeny. We have previously shown that PDGF-B is required in the ontogeny of kidney mesangial cells. The PDGFs therefore appear to regulate the generation of specific populations of myofibroblasts during mammalian development. The two PDGF null phenotypes also reveal analogous morphogenetic functions for myofibroblast-type cells in lung and kidney organogenesis.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hellström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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A phenomenological analysis of doctor-patient interaction : a case study
- 1998
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 33:1, s. 83-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that the biomedical model has been very successful in practice does not preclude that some health issues can be understood by way of other health care perspectives. Acquiring skills in meeting patients requires theories that structure other fields of knowledge than the biomedical sciences. An old man, who experiences himself as deeply misunderstood by the medical profession, is interviewed, his personal life-story is gone into and his case records and other available data are analysed. A phenomenological method is used, i.e. disciplined and rigorous reflection upon available data, remaining close to the particular pieces of the patient's narrative as they stand forth in their contextual relationships. The study shows that the doctors involved did not relate to the patient but to a biomedical image of him. His efforts to make himself understood were converted into instrumentally manageable disorders. Finally, dialogue medicine is briefly introduced as a model for counselling patients, especially when they need assistance to abandon the notion that they have been afflicted with a disease, a perception that might serve the purpose of keeping a threatening self-image out of consciousness.
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| 6. |
- Hellström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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A phenomenological study of fibromyalgia : Patient perspectives
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 17:1, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe the way in which the fibromyalgia patients understand the meaning of their illness. DESIGN: Qualitative, empirical phenomenological psychological method. SETTING: A collaborative transdisciplinary interview study of patients' described experiences of living with fibromyalgia. No therapeutic relationships existed between patients and researchers. SUBJECTS: Eighteen patients with fibromyalgia were interviewed. Ten of the 18 taped interviews were transcribed and analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients' narratives, described experiences of living with fibromyalgia. RESULTS: The patients were intensively involved in efforts to get their self-images as ill persons confirmed. Their experience was that the disease started dramatically, with a variety of capriciously appearing symptoms of unknown cause that gave rise to the suffering. The fibromyalgia patients seemed to develop strategies to cope with a precarious self-image and find ways to manage the thought of what the future would bring. CONCLUSION: The meaning structures revealed in the patients' ways of describing their experiences of living with fibromyalgia seemed to be partially constituted by their efforts to stand forth as afflicted with a disease, which could be a way to help them to manage the demands that they placed upon themselves.
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| 7. |
- Hellström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Doctors' attitudes to fibromyalgia : a phenomenological study
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0300-8037. ; 26:3, s. 232-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Besides specific technical skills, successful encounters with patients require an understanding of the many ways in which patients may express themselves. This qualitative study reports on the clinical experiences of doctors when meeting patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Ten strategically chosen rheumatologists and 10 GPs in central Sweden were interviewed. The interviews were taped, transcribed and analysed in accordance with the empirical, phenomenological, psychological method. The analyses indicate that doctors try to comply with the wishes and demands of patients, and at the same time avoid perceptions of personal frustration. They are inclined to be objective and to act instrumentally, apparently in order to keep in touch with what gave biomedical meaning to an otherwise incomprehensible phenomenon. The meaning structures revealed by doctors' descriptions of FM and of relating to FM patients were characterized mainly by the way in which the doctors were (i) managing their clinical uncertainty, (ii) adhering to the biomedical paradigm, (iii) prioritizing diagnostics, (iv) establishing an instrumental relationship, and (v) avoiding recognizing FM as a possible biomedical anomaly.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lundberg, J. O. N., et al.
(författare)
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Increased nitric oxide production in collagenous and lymphocytic colitis
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : Wiley. - 0014-2972 .- 1365-2362. ; 27:10, s. 869-871
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of nitric oxide (NO) is increased in active ulcerative colitis and in Crohn's disease. We have studied NO production in collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC), both of which are inflammatory bowel disorders of unknown aetiology. NO levels were measured directly in gas sampled from the colon during colonoscopy. Plasma levels of NO metabolites (nitrate/nitrite) were also measured. Luminal NO levels were more than 100 times higher in patients with CC compared with controls. In addition, plasma levels of nitrate/nitrite were increased in the patients as compared with controls. Measurements of NO directly in the colon or its oxidation products in plasma may be a helpful tool in further understanding the role of NO in the pathophysiology of CC and LC. Moreover, it is tempting to speculate that these measurements could be clinically useful in the diagnosis and therapy monitoring of these two inflammatory bowel diseases.
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| 11. |
- Thornton, Jeff W., et al.
(författare)
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Residential vertical geothermal heat pump system models : calibration to data
- 1997
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Ingår i: Technical and symposium papers presented at the 1997 annual meeting. - Atlanta, Ga. : American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers. ; , s. 660-674
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A detailed component-based simulation model of a geothermal heat pump system has been calibrated to monitored data taken from a family housing unit located at Fort Polk, Louisiana. The simulation model represents the housing unit, geothermal heat pump, ground heat exchanger, thermostat, blower, and ground-loop pump. Each of these component models was "tuned" to better match the measured data from the site. These tuned models were then interconnect to form the system model. The system model was then exercised in order to demonatrate its capabilities.
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| 12. |
- Toet, M C, et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude integrated EEG 3 and 6 hours after birth in full term neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy
- 1999
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Ingår i: Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition. - 1359-2998. ; 81:1, s. 19-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To assess the prognostic value of amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) 3 and 6 hours after birth. METHODS: Seventy three term, asphyxiated infants were studied (from two different centres), using the Cerebral Function Monitor (CFM Lectromed). The different aEEG tracings were compared using pattern recognition (flat tracing mainly isoelectric (FT); continuous extremely low voltage (CLV); burst-suppression (BS); discontinuous normal voltage (DNV); continuous normal voltage (CNV)) with subsequent outcome. RESULTS: Sixty eight infants were followed up for more than 12 months (range 12 months to 6 years).Twenty one out of 68 infants (31%) showed a change in pattern from 3 to 6 hours, but this was only significant in five cases (24%). In three this changed from BS to CNV with a normal outcome. One infant showed a change in pattern from CNV to FT and had a major handicap at follow up. Another infant showed a change in pattern from DNV to BS, and developed a major handicap at follow up. The other 16 infants did not have any significant changes in pattern: 11 infants had CLV, BS, or FT at 3 and 6 hours and died (n = 9) in the neonatal period or developed a major handicap (n = 2). Five infants had a CNV or DNV pattern at 3 and 6 hours, with a normal outcome. The sensitivity and specificity of BS, together with FT and CLV, for poor outcome at 3 hours was 0.85 and 0.77, respectively; at 6 hours 0.91 and 0.86, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 78% and the negative predictive value (NPV) 84% 3 hours after birth. At 6 hours the PPV was 86% and the NPV was 91%. CONCLUSION: aEEG could be very useful for selecting those infants who might benefit from intervention after birth asphyxia.
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