| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Henfridsson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Five-year changes in dietary intake and body composition in adolescents with severe obesity undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1550-7289 .- 1878-7533. ; 15:1, s. 51-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Information is scarce on long-term changes in energy intake (EI), dietary energy density (DED), and body composition in adolescents undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Objectives: To investigate long-term changes in EI, DED, and body composition in adolescents after LRYGB. Setting: University hospitals, multicenter study, Sweden. Methods: Eighty-five adolescents (67% girls; mean +/- standard deviation, age 16.0 +/- 1.2 yr, body mass index 45.5 +/- 6.1 kg/m(2)) were assessed preoperatively (baseline) and 1, 2, and 5 years after LRYGB with diet history interviews and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Matched obese adolescent controls receiving nonsurgical treatment were assessed only at 5 years. Results: Weight decreased 31%, 33%, and 28% at 1, 2, and 5 years after LRYGB (P amp;lt; .001) while controls gained 13% over 5 years (P amp;lt; .001). Dietary assessments were completed in 98%, 93%, 87%, and 75% at baseline and 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively, and in 65% of controls. Baseline EI (2558 kcal/d), decreased by 34%, 22%, and 10% after 1, 2, and 5 years (P amp;lt; .05). DED decreased at 1 year (P -= .03). Macronutrient distribution was not different from controls at 5 years, but EI and DED were 31% and 14% lower (P amp;lt; .015). Fat, fat-free, and muscle mass decreased through 5 years after LRYGB (P amp;lt; .001). Boys preserved muscle mass more than girls (P amp;lt; .01). Adequate protein intake was associated with preservation of muscle mass (P=.003). Conclusions: In adolescents undergoing LRYGB EI remained 10% lower 5 years after surgery. Decreased EI and DED, rather than macronutrient distribution, are important factors in weight loss after surgery. Higher protein intake may facilitate preservation of muscle mass. (C) 2018 American Society for Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 3. |
- Henfridsson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Micronutrient intake and biochemistry in adolescents adherent or nonadherent to supplements 5 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-7289 .- 1878-7533. ; 15:9, s. 1494-1502
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective obesity treatment in adults and has become established in adolescents. Lower adherence to supplementation in adolescents confers a risk for long-term nutritional deficiencies. Objectives: To assess adherence to supplementation, micronutrient intake, and biochemistry in adolescents through 5 years after RYGB. Setting: University hospitals, multicenter study, Sweden. Methods: Micronutrient intake and adherence to supplementation were assessed by diet history interviews and biochemistry preoperatively, 1, 2, and 5 years after RYGB in 85 adolescents (67% females), aged 16.5 years (± 1.2) with a body mass index of 45.5 kg/m2 (± 6.0). Adherence was defined as taking prescribed supplements ≥3 times a week. Micronutrient intake and biochemistry were compared with matched controls at 5 years. Results: Over 75% completed the dietary assessments across 5 years after RYGB. Adherence ranged between 44–61% through 5 years. At 5 years, ferritin and hemoglobin decreased (P < .04) and 61% had iron deficiency (P ≤ .001). Among females with iron deficiency, most did not adhere to supplementation (P = .005), and 59% of these had anemia (P < .001). Vitamin D insufficiency continued after surgery and 80% of participants who did not adhere to supplementation had insufficiency (P = .002). Adolescents not adhering had lower levels of vitamin D, B12, and ferritin (females) compared with both adhering adolescents and the control group (all P < .04). Conclusions: Half of adolescents after RYGB reported sufficient long-term adherence to supplementation. Adhering to supplements and reporting a higher micronutrient intake were associated with more favorable biochemistry. Results support the recommendations for monitoring micronutrient intake and biochemistry in all patients who have undergone RYGB surgery, and the recommendation of higher preventive supplementation of vitamin D and iron in both sexes. As hypothesized, adolescents not adhering had a higher prevalence of long-term micronutrient deficiencies. © 2019 American Society for Bariatric Surgery
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Koutsikouri, Dina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Building Digital Infrastructures: Towards an Evolutionary Theory of Contextual Triggers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2017. - 1530-1605. - 9780998133102
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Past IS research suggests it is challenging to build digital infrastructures and then make sure they grow. While more users, innovative services, and new partners spur infrastructure evolution, we know little of the specific contextual triggers that set these generative mechanisms in motion. To this end, we conduct a case study of a digitalized public transport infrastructure to identify such triggers and explore their impact on its evolution. Our study contributes to the extant literature on digital infrastructure evolution in two distinct ways. First, we analyze, define, and propose three contextual triggers that improve our understanding of the generative mechanisms behind infrastructure development and growth. Second, we rely on this conceptual basis to sketch out the initial contours of a novel evolutionary theory of digital infrastructure triggers.
|
|
| 6. |
- Koutsikouri, Dina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Extending digital infrastructures : A typology of growth tactics
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Association for Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems. - 1536-9323. ; 19:10, s. 1001-1019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital infrastructures enable delivery of information services in functional areas such as health, payment, and transportation by providing a sociotechnical foundation for partnership governance, resource reuse, and system integration. To effectively serve emerging possibilities and changing purposes, however, a key question concerns how an infrastructure can be extended to cater for future services in its functional area. In this paper, we approach such digital infrastructure growth as a challenge of aligning new partners whose digital capabilities spur innovative services that attract more users. We advance an initial typology that covers four growth tactics (i.e., adding services, inventing processes, opening identifiers, and providing interfaces) with the potential to set extension of infrastructures in motion. We then explore the proposed typology by investigating the ways in which its particular tactics successfully extended the scope of a digital infrastructure for public transportation in Stockholm, Sweden. Our insights invite IS scholars to engage more deeply in the development of growth tactics that achieve infrastructure extensions necessary for improving the durability of service delivery.
|
|
| 7. |
- Mankevich, Vasili, 1988-
(författare)
-
Digital innovation management : investigating digital trace data in online communities
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Firms and individuals are interacting online on an unprecedented scale. These interactions may lead to new digital products, services and practices, all of which are manifestations of digital innovation. This process relies on records users leave on various digital platforms which carry information about their activities – digital trace data. The data is generated on a massive scale, yet is just data until it is confronted with meaning – its value remains latent. Digital trace data is agnostic about future use, it carries records of interactions with digital artifacts and is available to wide numbers of actors to reinterpret them as sources of innovation and value creation. Online communities where data is generated can be sources of innovation, but are also extremely vulnerable. Digital trace data are not finitely expendable but may be used and passed along to any other individuals, partners, customers, or suppliers. To remain competitive, firms increasingly need to manage dynamic interactions of online community members, confront digital trace data with meaning, and facilitate innovation that is decentralized and requires heterogeneous knowledge resources.This dissertation explores how digital innovation can be leveraged in the context of online communities. It is based on four empirical investigations in the context of firms interacting with online communities that are rich with digital trace data. Collectively, these studies illustrate the potential utility of digital trace data generated by online communities for digital innovation, and suggest possible strategies for effective management of digital innovation for value creation. The dissertation contributes to both theoretically and empirically oriented discourses on the use of digital trace data. Specifically, it does so by providing propositions for dealing with digital trace data through platform design, community sociality, and narration for digital innovation.
|
|
