| 1. |
- Vergallo, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association of plasma YKL-40 with brain amyloid-β levels, memory performance, and sex in subjective memory complainers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580. ; 96, s. 22-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroinflammation, a key early pathomechanistic alteration of Alzheimer's disease, may represent either a detrimental or a compensatory mechanism or both (according to the disease stage). YKL-40, a glycoprotein highly expressed in differentiated glial cells, is a candidate biomarker for in vivo tracking neuroinflammation in humans. We performed a longitudinal study in a monocentric cohort of cognitively healthy individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease exploring whether age, sex, and the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele affect plasma YKL-40 concentrations. We investigated whether YKL-40 is associated with brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, neuronal activity, and neurodegeneration as assessed via neuroimaging biomarkers. Finally, we investigated whether YKL-40 may predict cognitive performance. We found an age-associated increase of YKL-40 and observed that men display higher concentrations than women, indicating a potential sexual dimorphism. Moreover, YKL-40 was positively associated with memory performance and negatively associated with brain Aβ deposition (but not with metabolic signal). Consistent with translational studies, our results suggest a potentially protective effect of glia on incipient brain Aβ accumulation and neuronal homeostasis. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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| 2. |
- Levitis, E, et al.
(författare)
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Centering inclusivity in the design of online conferences-An OHBM-Open Science perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: GigaScience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-217X. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the global health crisis unfolded, many academic conferences moved online in 2020. This move has been hailed as a positive step towards inclusivity in its attenuation of economic, physical, and legal barriers and effectively enabled many individuals from groups that have traditionally been underrepresented to join and participate. A number of studies have outlined how moving online made it possible to gather a more global community and has increased opportunities for individuals with various constraints, e.g., caregiving responsibilities.Yet, the mere existence of online conferences is no guarantee that everyone can attend and participate meaningfully. In fact, many elements of an online conference are still significant barriers to truly diverse participation: the tools used can be inaccessible for some individuals; the scheduling choices can favour some geographical locations; the set-up of the conference can provide more visibility to well-established researchers and reduce opportunities for early-career researchers. While acknowledging the benefits of an online setting, especially for individuals who have traditionally been underrepresented or excluded, we recognize that fostering social justice requires inclusivity to actively be centered in every aspect of online conference design.Here, we draw from the literature and from our own experiences to identify practices that purposefully encourage a diverse community to attend, participate in, and lead online conferences. Reflecting on how to design more inclusive online events is especially important as multiple scientific organizations have announced that they will continue offering an online version of their event when in-person conferences can resume.
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| 3. |
- Chetelat, G., et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid-PET and 18-F-FDG-PET in the diagnostic investigation of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 19:11, s. 951-962
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various biomarkers are available to support the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases in clinical and research settings. Among the molecular imaging biomarkers, amyloid-PET, which assesses brain amyloid deposition, and F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) PET, which assesses glucose metabolism, provide valuable and complementary information. However, uncertainty remains regarding the optimal timepoint, combination, and an order in which these PET biomarkers should be used in diagnostic evaluations because conclusive evidence is missing. Following an expert panel discussion, we reached an agreement on the specific use of the individual biomarkers, based on available evidence and clinical expertise. We propose a diagnostic algorithm with optimal timepoints for these PET biomarkers, also taking into account evidence from other biomarkers, for early and differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases that can lead to dementia. We propose three main diagnostic pathways with distinct biomarker sequences, in which amyloid-PET and F-18-FDG-PET are placed at different positions in the order of diagnostic evaluations, depending on clinical presentation. We hope that this algorithm can support diagnostic decision making in specialist clinical settings with access to these biomarkers and might stimulate further research towards optimal diagnostic strategies.
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| 4. |
- Michalowska, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of in vivo staging of amyloid deposition in cognitively unimpaired elderly aged 78-94
- 2022
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 27, s. 4335-4342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition is common in cognitively unimpaired (CU) elderly >85 years. This study investigated amyloid distribution and evaluated three published in vivo amyloid-PET staging schemes from a cognitively unimpaired (CU) cohort aged 84.9 +/- 4.3 years (n = 75). SUV-based principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to F-18-flutemetamol PET data to determine an unbiased regional covariance pattern of tracer uptake across grey matter regions. PET staging schemes were applied to the data and compared to the PCA output. Concentration of p-tau181 was measured in blood plasma. The PCA revealed three distinct components accounting for 91.2% of total SUV variance. PC1 driven by the large common variance of uptake in neocortical and striatal regions was significantly positively correlated with global SUVRs, APOE4 status and p-tau181 concentration. PC2 represented mainly non-specific uptake in typical amyloid-PET reference regions, and PC3 the occipital lobe. Application of the staging schemes demonstrated that the majority of the CU cohort (up to 93%) were classified as having pathological amount and distribution of A beta. Good correspondence existed between binary (+/-) classification and later amyloid stages, however, substantial differences existed between schemes for low stages with 8-17% of individuals being unstageable, i.e., not following the sequential progression of A beta deposition. In spite of the difference in staging outcomes there was broad spatial overlap between earlier stages and PC1, most prominently in default mode network regions. This study critically evaluated the utility of in vivo amyloid staging from a single PET scan in CU elderly and found that early amyloid stages could not be consistently classified. The majority of the cohort had pathological A beta, thus, it remains an open topic what constitutes abnormal brain A beta in the oldest-old and what is the best method to determine that.
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