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- Andersson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Isospin resolved double pion production at Celsius
- 1998
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Ingår i: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS. - 0587-4254. ; 29:11, s. 2963-2968
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Two-pion production close to threshold has been measured in dfd and p+d reactions at CELSIUS. The results are compared to results at higher energies.
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| 7. |
- Dale, S, et al.
(författare)
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A mobile tomographic gamma camera system for acute studies
- 1997
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Ingår i: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 44:2, s. 199-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Bernard-Soulier syndrome Karlstad : Trp 498-->Stop mutation resulting in a truncated glycoprotein Ib alpha that contains part of the transmembranous domain
- 1997
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 98:1, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Bernard-Soulier syndrome, a hereditary bleeding disorder, the platelets are deficient in the glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V complex, a major receptor for the von Willebrand factor. The components of the complex are encoded by separate genes. Patients with this syndrome have a variable expression level of the receptor protein on platelets depending on the specific genetic abnormality. We describe a patient with life-long bleeding symptoms, who is homozygous for a unique stop mutation. Trp 498-->Stop in the GPIb alpha gene, resulting in a truncated GPIb alpha polypeptide chain. In contrast to previously reported truncated forms of GPIb alpha, this form contains a portion of the transmembranous domain as well as the juxtamembranous cysteines engaged in a disulphide bond with GPIb beta. Flow cytometry with GPIb alpha antibodies demonstrated the presence of GPIb on the patient's platelets, although in reduced amounts compared to normal controls. GPIX was similarly detectable. Immunoblotting demonstrated that the patient synthesized a truncated GPIb alpha of the expected size of 130 K, which was, however, sensitive to proteolysis. These studies show that GPIb alpha lacking the intracytoplasmic tail can be expressed at the platelet surface provided elements of the transmembranous domain are present.
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| 11. |
- Karpman, D, et al.
(författare)
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Increased platelet retention in familial recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- 1996
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Ingår i: Kidney International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0085-2538. ; 49:1, s. 9-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied two brothers with recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Platelet retention, measured with a modified Adeplat S glass-bead test, was found to be increased during acute episodes of TTP and during remissions. Values of platelet retention ranged between 57 to 95% (normal range 16 to 34%). The continually elevated values enabled us to investigate which fraction of the patients' blood was responsible for the increased platelet retention and to evaluate the effect of different treatments on this parameter. We found that the patients' plasma increased the retention of normal platelets and of platelets taken from a patient with von Willebrand's disease type III. This activity was located in the cryoprecipitate fraction of plasma. Unusually large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers were demonstrated in both children during remission and decreased during relapse. Both fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and a commercial factor VIII/vWF concentrate reduced platelet retention when tested during remission. Treatment of both siblings with FFP or factor VIII/vWF concentrate was beneficial during recurrences. We conclude that the elevated platelet retention is due to a factor in the cryoprecipitate of the childrens' plasma, and that both FFP and factor VIII/vWF concentrate are effective in decreasing platelet retention.
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| 12. |
- Karpman, D, et al.
(författare)
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von Willebrand factor mediates increased platelet retention in recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- 1997
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245. ; 78:6, s. 62-1456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plasma cryoprecipitate of two brothers with recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was previously found to mediate increased platelet retention and contain ultra-large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers during remissions. We conducted this study to examine if vWF is involved in the increased platelet retention in TTP. Platelet retention decreased when the patients' plasma was incubated with a monoclonal antibody directed to the vWF epitope which interacts with the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib or when incubated with a Fab-fragment directed to the platelet receptor glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. Replacement of patient vWF with an equivalent concentration of a factor VIII/vWF concentrate containing no ultra-large vWF multimers was accompanied by a normalization of platelet retention. These results indicate that vWF is involved in the increased platelet retention. Analysis of polymorphic markers in the vWF gene demonstrated that a recessive mutation in this gene is unlikely.
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| 13. |
- Li, Aihong, et al.
(författare)
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Clonal rearrangements in childhood and adult precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia : a comparative polymerase chain reaction study using multiple sets of primers.
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 63:4, s. 211-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ig heavy chain (IgH) and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of diagnostic tumour samples from 91 patients (57 children and 34 adults, with cut-off at age 16) with precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using primers directed to the framework regions (FR) 1, 2 and 3 of the IgH gene, clonal IgH rearrangements were observed in 82, 58 and 58%, respectively, whereas clonality was presented in 45 and 27% using primers hybridising to the TCR delta and gamma genes. A combination of all five primer sets used resulted in 96% positive cases (children 100%, adults 88%). The frequency of clonal IgH rearrangements correlated to patient age with a significantly lower fraction of positive cases in the adult group. The concomitant usage of more than one V(H) family gene was similar for childhood and adult ALL, and an over-representation of V(H)6 rearrangements was found in childhood ALL. Twenty-five out of 91 cases (27%) displayed an oligoclonal pattern for either IgH or TCR gene rearrangements (children 37%, adults 12%). A comparative analysis of samples from different compartments was performed in 23 patients, and differences between two or three compartments were observed in seven cases. Unexpectedly large, clonally appearing PCR products of 540-715 bp were found in three leukemias and sequence analysis verified their clonal nature. In summary, using multiple sets of primers clonal rearrangements of IgH and TCR genes can be detected in a very high frequency, including previously neglected large size PCR products. A common heterogeneity was demonstrated in different compartments reflecting ongoing clonal evolution, which can make detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in ALL troublesome. Therefore, we suggest that a minimum of three targets should be used to minimise false-negative results.
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- Rosenquist, R, et al.
(författare)
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Clonal evolution as judged by immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangements in relapsing precursor-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 63:3, s. 171-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oligoclonality and ongoing clonal evolution are common features in patients with precursor-B (pre-B) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), as judged by immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement analysis. These features are considered to be results of secondary rearrangements after malignant transformation or emergence of new tumor clones. In the present study we analyzed the IgH gene rearrangement status in 18 cases with relapsing pre-B ALL using variable heavy chain (V(H)) gene family specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Clonal IgH rearrangements were displayed in all leukemias but one, and altered rearrangement patterns occurred in five cases (29%), which were selected for detailed nucleotide sequence analysis. In one case, multiple subclones at diagnosis were suggested to be derived from a progenitor clone through joining of different V(H) germline gene segments to a pre-existing D-J(H) complex (V(H) to D-J(H) joining). Evidence for V(H) gene replacement with identical N-sequences at the V(H)-D junction and a common D-J(H) region was observed in one case. Diversification at the V(H)-D junction consisting of heterogeneous N-sequences were observed in one case. This molecular modification of the V(H)-D region could fit a hypothesized "open-and-shut" mechanism. Nevertheless, despite these ongoing events at least one IgH rearrangement remained unchanged throughout the disease in most patients, indicating that the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus can be a suitable marker for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD).
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| 19. |
- Rosenquist, R, et al.
(författare)
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Low rate of somatic hypermutations characterize progressive B-cell lymphomas.
- 1998
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 61:3, s. 164-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) chain gene rearrangements were characterized in 40 samples from 15 patients with B-cell lymphomas at different time points during tumour progression. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of variable heavy (VH) chain gene segments, we found that 6 cases displayed alterations in their IgH chain rearrangements at relapse. These alterations were mainly observed in follicular or transformed lymphomas, but no association to clinical features was found. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a low frequency of mutations in 3 cases, whereas 1 case displayed an extensive mutation rate in a compartment with transformed morphology at relapse. The mutations observed most probably resulted from somatic hypermutations. Further, the mutations were scattered randomly over the VH gene segment and no significant bias favouring amino acid substitutions was observed in 3 cases, suggesting that the tumour cells had not been subjected to antigen-driven selection. In 1 case, however, the mutation pattern indicated that the tumour cells had been affected by an antigen selection process. In the 2 remaining cases, the original V(H)DJ(H) rearrangement could no longer be detected by VH gene family specific PCR at relapse, but using primers specific for the framework region 2 or 3 altered rearrangements were demonstrated, implying that mutations had been introduced in framework region 1. However, the majority of the tumour cell clones analysed were relatively stable during tumour progression, which make them eligible for analysis of minimal residual disease using the VH gene regions as molecular markers.
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| 20. |
- Sharma, P, et al.
(författare)
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Cloning and functional expression of the guinea pig neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor
- 1998
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Ingår i: Regulatory Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-0115. ; 75-76, s. 23-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Five neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor subtypes have been cloned in mammals. The degree of sequence conservation differs considerably between subtypes as well as between evolutionary lineages. To shed further light on this, we have cloned the five NPY receptors in the guinea pig. Here, we report the cloning of the guinea pig Y2 receptor. The Y2 receptor is generally highly conserved, with 90-95% identity between different orders of mammals, including the guinea pig. The guinea pig receptor has a divergent cytoplasmic tail, indicating possible differences in regulation of signalling and/or down regulation. COS-7 cells transiently transfected with the gpY2 receptor show saturable 125I-PYY binding with a Kd = 6 pM. In displacement experiments, the gpY2 receptor was similar to the human and rat receptors with the following rank order of potencies: pNPY > pPYY > pNPY13-36 = pNPY22-36 > [Leu31Pro34]NPY > BIBP3226. Thus, the guinea pig Y2 receptor is well conserved in comparison with human and rat with regard to both amino acid sequence and pharmacological profile.
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| 22. |
- Smith-Warner, Stephanie A., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol and breast cancer in women : A pooled analysis of cohort studies
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 279:7, s. 535-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of invasive breast cancer associated with total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption and to evaluate whether dietary and nondietary factors modify the association. DATA SOURCES: We included in these analyses 6 prospective studies that had at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessed long-term intake of food and nutrients, and used a validated diet assessment instrument. The studies were conducted in Canada, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. Alcohol intake was estimated by food frequency questionnaires in each study. The studies included a total of 322647 women evaluated for up to 11 years, including 4335 participants with a diagnosis of incident invasive breast cancer. DATA EXTRACTION: Pooled analysis of primary data using analyses consistent with each study's original design and the random-effects model for the overall pooled analyses. DATA SYNTHESIS: For alcohol intakes less than 60 g/d (reported by >99% of participants), risk increased linearly with increasing intake; the pooled multivariate relative risk for an increment of 10 g/d of alcohol (about 0.75-1 drink) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.13; P for heterogeneity among studies, .71). The multivariate-adjusted relative risk for total alcohol intakes of 30 to less than 60 g/d (about 2-5 drinks) vs nondrinkers was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.18-1.69). Limited data suggested that alcohol intakes of at least 60 g/d were not associated with further increased risk. The specific type of alcoholic beverage did not strongly influence risk estimates. The association between alcohol intake and breast cancer was not modified by other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption is associated with a linear increase in breast cancer incidence in women over the range of consumption reported by most women. Among women who consume alcohol regularly, reducing alcohol consumption is a potential means to reduce breast cancer risk.
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