| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Holst, Rose-Marie, 1946, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery in women with preterm labor: analysis of multiple proteins in amniotic and cervical fluids
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Obstet Gynecol. ; 114:2 Pt 1, s. 268-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether specific proteins in amniotic and cervical fluids, alone or in combination with risk factors, can identify women in preterm labor with intact membranes who will deliver spontaneously within 7 days of sampling. METHODS: In a cohort of 89 women in preterm labor, amniotic and cervical fluids were collected between 22 and 33 weeks of gestation. Twenty-seven proteins were analyzed simultaneously using multiplex technology. Individual levels of each protein were compared and calculations performed to find associations among different proteins, background variables, and spontaneous preterm delivery within 7 days of sampling. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and prediction models were created based on stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS: We found two multivariable models that predicted spontaneous preterm delivery better than any single variable. One combined multivariable prediction model was based on amniotic macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta, cervical interferon-gamma, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. This model predicted outcome with 91% sensitivity, 84% specificity, 78% positive predictive value, and 94% negative predictive value, with a likelihood ratio of 5.6 and AUC of 0.91. An alternative, noninvasive model based on cervical length, cervical interferon-gamma, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 predicted delivery within 7 days with 85% sensitivity, 82% specificity, 74% positive predictive value, and 90% negative predictive value, with a likelihood ratio of 4.7 and AUC of 0.91. CONCLUSION: A combination of proteins from amniotic fluid and cervical fluid or cervical length can help determine which women will deliver preterm. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Holst, T., et al.
(författare)
-
BVOC ecosystem flux measurements at a high latitude wetland site
- 2009. - 184
-
Ingår i: Land-atmosphere interaction of a subarctic palsa mire. - 0346-6787. - 9789185793099 ; :184, s. 69-82
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we present summertime concentrations and fluxes of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) measured at a sub-arctic wetland in northern Sweden using a disjunct eddy-covariance (DEC) technique based on a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). The vegetation at the site was dominated by Sphagnum, Carex and Eriophorum spp. The performance of the DEC system was assessed by comparing H 3O + - ion cluster formed with water molecules (HaO +(H 2O) at m37) with water vapour concentration measurements made using an adjacent humidity sensor, and from a comparison of sensible heat fluxes for high frequency and DEC data obtained from the sonic anemometer. These analyses showed no significant PTR-MS sensor drift over a period of several weeks and only a small flux-loss due to high-frequency spectrum omissions. This loss was within the range expected from other studies and the theoretical considerations. Standardised (20 °C and 1000 μmolm -2s -1 PAR) summer isoprene emission rates of 323 μgCm -2 (ground area) h -1 were comparable with findings from more southern boreal forests, and fen-like ecosystems. On a diel scale, measured fluxes indicated a stronger temperature dependence when compared with emissions from temperate or (subtropical ecosystems. For the first time, to our knowledge, we report ecosystem methanol fluxes from a sub-arctic ecosystem. Maximum daytime emission fluxes were around 270 μgm -2h -1 (ca. 100 μgCm -2h -1) and measurements indicated some nocturnal deposition. The measurements reported here covered a period of 50 days (1 August to 19 September 2006), approximately one half of the growing season at the site, and allowed to investigate the effect of vegetation senescence on daily BVOC fluxes and on their temperature and light responses. Longterm measurements of BVOC are still lacking for nearly all ecosystems and only a very few studies about seasonal or even interannual variation of BVOC emissions have been published so far, particularly for northern ecosystems. The results presented here will be useful for testing process understanding obtained in laboratory studies and for model evaluation, improving our understanding of biogeochemical cycles in a region which is likely to be sensitive to climate change and currently undergoes rapid changes due to global warming.
|
|
| 12. |
- Labes, Antje, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel members of glycoside hydrolase family 13 derived from environmental DNA
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240. ; 74:6, s. 1914-1921
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Starch and pullulan-modifying enzymes of the alpha-amylase family (glycoside hydrolase family 13) have several industrial applications. To date, most of these enzymes have been derived from isolated organisms. To increase the number of members of this enzyme family, in particular of the thermophilic representatives, we have applied a consensus primer-based approach using DNA from enrichments from geothermal habitats. With this approach, we succeeded in isolating three new enzymes: a neopullulanase and two cyclodextrinases. Both cyclodextrinases displayed significant maltogenic amylase side activity, while one showed significant neopullulanase side activity. Specific motifs and domains that correlated with enzymatic activities were identified; e.g., the presence of the N domain was correlated with cyclodextrinase activity. The enzymes exhibited stability under thermophilic conditions and showed features appropriate for biotechnological applications.
|
|
| 13. |
- Pilgaard, K., et al.
(författare)
-
The T allele of rs7903146 TCF7L2 is associated with impaired insulinotropic action of incretin hormones, reduced 24 h profiles of plasma insulin and glucagon, and increased hepatic glucose production in young healthy men
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 52:7, s. 1298-1307
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the physiological, metabolic and hormonal mechanisms underlying the elevated risk of type 2 diabetes in carriers of TCF7L2 gene. We undertook genotyping of 81 healthy young Danish men for rs7903146 of TCF7L2 and carried out various beta cell tests including: 24 h glucose, insulin and glucagon profiles; OGTT; mixed meal test; IVGTT; hyperglycaemic clamp with co-infusion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 or glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP); and a euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp combined with glucose tracer infusion to study hepatic and peripheral insulin action. Carriers of the T allele were characterised by reduced 24 h insulin concentrations (p < 0.05) and reduced insulin secretion relative to glucose during a mixed meal test (beta index: p < 0.003), but not during an IVGTT. This was further supported by reduced late-phase insulinotropic action of GLP-1 (p = 0.03) and GIP (p = 0.07) during a 7 mmol/l hyperglycaemic clamp. Secretion of GLP-1 and GIP during the mixed meal test was normal. Despite elevated hepatic glucose production, carriers of the T allele had significantly reduced 24 h glucagon concentrations (p < 0.02) suggesting altered alpha cell function. Elevated hepatic glucose production and reduced insulinotropic effect of incretin hormones contribute to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in carriers of the rs7903146 risk T allele of TCF7L2.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Renlund, N, et al.
(författare)
-
Induction of steroidogenesis in immature rat Leydig cells by interleukin-1alpha is dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinases
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of molecular endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0952-5041 .- 1479-6813. ; 36:2, s. 327-336
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses as well as in non-inflammatory events in different types of cells. Here we have investigated the involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade in IL-1α-induced steroidogenesis by primary cultures of immature rat Leydig cells. Our findings indicate that protein kinase C functions as an upstream component of signal transduction from the IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI) to the ERK cascade. It was observed that IL-1α upregulated both steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein expression and its phosphorylation when compared with controls. Selective inhibition of these mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by UO126 enhanced both the expression and phosphorylation of the StAR protein, but suppressed androgen production by the immature Leydig cells as well as dissipating the mitochondrial electrochemical potential (Ψm) in these cells. The evidence that water-soluble cholesterol but not 22R-hydroxycholesterol-stimulated steroidogenesis was inhibited by UO126 suggested that an intact Ψm across the inner mitochondrial membrane is required for cholesterol translocation and is positively regulated by the ERK cascade. We propose that activation of ERKs by IL-1α plays a dual role in the regulation of steroidogenesis in immature Leydig cells: these MAPKs downregulate StAR expression and phosphorylation, while at the same time they support an intact Ψm across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thereby promoting translocation of cholesterol into the mitochondria of the Leydig cell.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Sugiura, K, et al.
(författare)
-
The applicability of chimney grafts in the aortic arch.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. - 0021-9509. ; 50:4, s. 475-481
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Proximal fixation is often limiting for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and the stent graft may need to cover the origin of the arch branch vessels. Chimney grafts have been proposed to preserve flow into over stented branches during urgent TEVAR. The aim of this report is to share our initial experience of this technique. METHODS: Eleven patients underwent urgent TEVAR combined with a chimney graft between January 2004 and April 2009. The indications included acute complicated type B dissection (N.=2), ruptured aneurysms of the aortic arch (1) and descending aorta (2), traumatic aortic transaction (1), aortoesophageal fistula (1) and accidental over stenting of the left carotid artery during TEVAR (4). Chimney grafts were implanted into the innominate (N.=3), left carotid (7) and left subclavian (1) arteries. Mean length of follow up was 20 months. RESULTS: All chimney grafts were successfully implanted. Two patients developed a primary proximal type I endoleak: one leak was successfully coil embolized, the other awaits treatment. One paraplegia was reversed by spinal drainage but two months later, this patient presented with a contained rupture and underwent successful conversion to open repair. No other postoperative aneurysm expansion has occurred and the chimney grafts remain patent. The only aneurysm related death occurred in a patient with an unrecognized chronic occlusion of his right carotid artery who received a left carotid chimney graft and suffered from a lethal stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Chimney grafts in the supra-aortic branches seem feasible and may facilitate urgent TEVAR in patients with an inadequate proximal neck.
|
|
| 20. |
- Turner, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Two novel cyclodextrin-degrading enzymes isolated from thermophilic bacteria have similar domain structures but differ in oligomeric state and activity profile
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1347-4421 .- 1389-1723. ; 100:4, s. 380-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present the expression and characterization of two novel enzymes from the a-amylase family exhibiting cyclomaltodextrinase specificity. The nucleotide sequences encoding the enzymes were isolated from the genomic DNA of two thermophilic bacterial strains originating from Icelandic hot springs and belonging to the genera Anoxybacillus (AfCda13) and Laceyella (LsCda13). The genes were amplified using a consensus primer strategy utilizing two of the four conserved regions present in glycoside hydrolase family 13. No identifiable signal peptides were present in open reading frames encoding the enzymes, indicating an intracellular location of both enzymes, and their physiological function to be intracellular cyclodextrin degradation. The domain structures of both enzymes were also similar, including an N-terminal domain, the catalytic module composed of the A- and B-domains, and a C-terminal domain. Despite the similarity in domain composition, the two enzymes displayed differences in the oligomeric state with AfCda13 being a dimeric protein, whereas LsCda13 was monomeric. The two enzymes also displayed significantly different activity profiles, despite being active on the same range of substrates. It was shown that the enzyme displaying the highest activity on cyclodextrin was dimeric (AfCda13). Moreover, a fraction of the dimeric enzyme could be converted to a monomeric state in the presence of KCl and this fraction retained only 23% of its activity on a-cyclodextrin while its activity on starch was not significantly affected, indicating that the oligomeric state is an important factor for a high activity on cyclodextrin substrates.
|
|
| 21. |
- Veith, Frank J., et al.
(författare)
-
Collected world and single center experience with endovascular treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 250:5, s. 818-824
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Case and single center reports have documented the feasibility and suggested the effectiveness of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs), but the role and value of such treatment remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To clarify these we examined a collected experience with use of EVAR for RAAA treatment from 49 centers. METHODS: Data were obtained by questionnaires from these centers, updated from 13 centers committed to EVAR treatment whenever possible and included treatment details from a single center and information on 1037 patients treated by EVAR and 763 patients treated by open repair (OR). RESULTS: Overall 30-day mortality after EVAR in 1037 patients was 21.2%. Centers performing EVAR for RAAAs whenever possible did so in 28% to 79% (mean 49.1%) of their patients, had a 30-day mortality of 19.7% (range: 0%-32%) for 680 EVAR patients and 36.3% (range: 8%-53%) for 763 OR patients (P < 0.0001). Supraceliac aortic balloon control was obtained in 19.1% +/- 12.0% (+/-SD) of 680 EVAR patients. Abdominal compartment syndrome was treated by some form of decompression in 12.2% +/- 8.3% (+/-SD) of these EVAR patients. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that EVAR has a lower procedural mortality at 30 days than OR in at least some patients and that EVAR is better than OR for treating RAAA patients provided they have favorable anatomy; adequate skills, facilities, and protocols are available; and optimal strategies, techniques, and adjuncts are employed.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
