| 1. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Concept design with a living lab approach
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 9780769534503 ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Living Labs is a rather new research area and phenomena that introduces new ways of managing innovation processes. The underlying idea is that people's ideas, experiences, and knowledge, as well as their daily needs of support from products, services, or applications, should be the starting point in innovation. This paper illuminates experiences and accumulated knowledge to the area of concept design in an innovation process within a Living Lab. FormIT, a methodology developed for innovation processes within Living Labs is introduced through an illustration of how it has been utilised in a case. The experiences and the method are related to characteristics of Living Labs, and the paper closes with some concluding remarks in relation to concept design in a Living Lab.
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| 2. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Creating a new leverage point for information systems development
- 2008
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Ingår i: Designing information and organisations with a positive lens. - Amsterdam : JAI Press Ltd. - 0762312874 ; , s. 75-95
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We present a new approach that shifts the leverage point of information systems development from problem orientation to opportunity development. Our approach, entitled FormIT, employs a careful focus on enhanced user involvement, concentrating on users as human beings, and attention to users’ needs as opposed to system requirements. As theoretical and methodological foundations, we build on the 4-D cycle model of Appreciative Inquiry and current research on needfinding. Our field experience demonstrates that FormIT shifts the systems development process from being reactive to being proactive, and in turn, enables a smoother implementation of inevitable change, particularly radical change. Moreover, FormIT stimulates the generation of rich local knowledge and helps reveal deep insights into the development process and the overall organization.
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| 3. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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An application of Ba : deconstructing formative processes in multdisciplinary work groups
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management. - 1447-9524 .- 1447-9575. ; 4, s. 1051-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper draws on an empirical study and examines how new multidisciplinary groups interact to create a shared context for knowledge work. Within the context of the campus-wide commitment to transform itself into a "Creative University", Luleå University of Technology explores new ways to further collaborative multidisciplinary knowledge-creation. Multidisciplinary knowledge areas, such as "Media, Music and Technology", have been defined, originating in multifaceted and complex problems. New knowledge will be shaped through enabling organisational processes created among participants dedicated to realising the full potential of the organisational commitment. Enabling the development of organisational knowledge implies that people from different disciplines - e.g., engineering and social sciences - cooperate and thereby share and use information which they convert into knowledge. The fact that these groups work in partnership in a logical, not physical, organisation leads to questions about how they organise their work, how they communicate, and interact, and where they meet physically, mentally and virtually, and for what purposes. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with selected employees with the intention of learning from group-members in the new multidisciplinary organisational project. Interview data were analysed in terms of Ba elements. Ba is a perception of a place - which can be virtual, mental or physical - with a shared purpose. Ba provides guidance on "making sense of" how an organisation works and why it works the way it does in relation to knowledge-creation. Predicated on grounded theory about cross-functional work transcending traditional boundaries, Ba can also serve as a framework for designing sustainable new processes that create organisational learning, where information and communication technology are the driving forces.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Appreciating needs for innovative IT design
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management. - 1447-9524 .- 1447-9575. ; 6:4, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying user needs is important as use of interaction technologies have grown and influence leisure time and work. This paper presents methods for identifying and operationalising needs in design processes
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| 6. |
- Holst, Marita
(författare)
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Enabling boundary-crossing collaboration for innovation : issues for collaborative working environments
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, boundary-crossing collaborative knowledge work aiming for innovation and use of ICT is in focus. The starting point for the research was the proposition that we still have much to learn about boundary- crossing collaboration for innovation and the use of ICT before we can design enabling and supporting ICT and collaborative working environments. Thus, the purpose has been to study and understand collaborative boundary- crossing working groups' activities, as a way to extend the possibilities to design enabling and supporting ICT. To meet this purpose, I wanted to answer the question: How can boundary-crossing collaboration aiming for innovation be enabled in collaborative working environments? Three case studies, with somewhat different focuses, methods and also results, have been performed. Different models as frameworks for both analysis and design have been used in the cases. Main conclusions and contributions of the thesis are given as lessons learned, related to four main areas which were identified from analysis of case data. The first set of conclusions is related to processes and factors enabling knowledge work across boundaries. These are: application of energizing factors, use of boundary objects, addressing roles, norms, values and knowledge assets and, finally, creating dedicated places and spaces. The second set of conclusions is related to ICT issues in boundary- crossing knowledge work. These are: choice of technology, shared virtual platform and models for appreciating technology needs. The third set of conclusions is related to the importance of appreciation of user needs, and methods for this, in the process of designing or developing a collaborative working environment. The fourth set of conclusions comes in the form of reflections on the theoretical models that have been used during the research. There is a need for models and methods that enable design of collaborative environments, as well as models and methods that enable this to be done from a user needs perspective. From the lessons learned, some overarching reflections on implications for collaborative working environments are made. Hence, implications for CWEs as a whole, and some ideas on future research, are presented in the form of a tentative model which can be viewed as a model for designing group processes and relevant technology in a CWE. In this model, designing a CWE and its processes imply more that just designing technology. To conclude, the thesis contributes to the understanding of organisational processes for boundary-crossing collaborative knowledge work through lessons learned, which, in turn, give implications for CWEs.
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| 7. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Enriching the process of appreciating needs with storytelling
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology, Knowledge and Society. - 1832-3669. ; 2:4, s. 61-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explicates the possibility to enrich the process of appreciating needs with storytelling. In this way we are able to identify needs and, thus, facilitate the design process of a viable community for knowledge-sharing and creation across boundaries among young entrepreneurs. The specific situation which the design of a knowledge community constitute is discussed and the usefulness of our approach is thereafter valued in relation to the challenges of creating a viable community constructed from participants' identified needs and interests.
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| 8. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Expanding and enriching needfinding with narrative inquiry
- 2005
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Ingår i: Second International Conference on Technology, Knowledge and Society.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explicates the process of expanding and enriching needfinding through narrative inquiry. In this way we are able to identify needs and, thus, facilitate the design process of a viable community for knowledge-sharing and creation across boundaries among young entrepreneurs. The specific situation which the design of a knowledge community constitute is discussed and the usefulness of our approach is thereafter valued in relation to the challenges of creating a viable community constructed from participants' identified needs and interests.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Framing multidisciplinary teams : sense making through the POM model
- 2006
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Ingår i: Integrating Visions of Technology. - : CPTS. - 9080771856 - 9789080771857 ; , s. 111-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we focus on Living Labs for promoting and developing collaborative working environments (CWEs). The issues we address in this context are related to knowledge-sharing for innovation. More precisely we explore methodologies for appreciative inquiry that stimulate creativity and facilitate the process for co-creative needfinding and innovation. Additionally we contribute to a European state-of-the-art in utilizing Living Labs to user-centric ICT innovation and to establishing a foundation for a European Network of Living Labs. A pan-European Network of Living Labs brings the extreme benefit of leveraging the concept of a Europe of Regions. However, when interactions are conducted at a distance across organisational, geographical and cultural boundaries, placing at risk the overall competiveness of an organisation, the challenge is to develop tools, methods, and work-practices to manage this interaction. This is the aim of this research. The context and content for this paper is transformation processes in higher education in which knowledge from distinct disciplines are integrated into new multidisciplinary education and research. Checkland's and Holwell's model of Process for Organisational Meanings (POM) is used to present and appreciate the efficacy of these set-up processes. The POM-model is found to be useful for making sense of design work across boundaries and for identifying best practices as it visually represents the important processes of making meaning by interactions among participants in various organisational settings and by means of technology. The results of the study point to best practices for creating shared vision across disciplinary boundaries. Shared visions enable knowledge creation and integration, in turn generating common ground for aligned action and design. Important insights for how to cultivate the fragile processes of setting up multidisciplinary teams are currently lacking. Hence, the findings from this study contribute to set up of multidisciplinary teams successfully. Aware of the start up issues, chances of successful implementation will be enhanced.
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| 11. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Need-finding through narrative inquiry in systems design
- 2005
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Ingår i: Internet and information technology in modern organizations. - : International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explicates the process of expanding and enriching need-finding through narrative inquiry. In this way we are able to identify needs and, thus, facilitate the design process of a knowledge community and its virtual spaces for knowledgesharing and creation across boundaries among young entrepreneurs. The specific situation which the design of a knowledge community constitute is discussed and the usefulness of our approach is thereafter valued in relation to the challenges of creating a viable community constructed from participants' identified needs and interests
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| 12. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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An interactive and iterative evaluation approach for creating collaborative learning environments
- 2006
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Ingår i: Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation. - 1566-6379. ; 9:2, s. 83-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inspired by a three-year Creative University ‘arena' initiative at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden, an international team of faculty researchers conducted an exploratory study in 2005, which aimed to investigate the efficacy of an interactive design and evaluation process for technology-enabled collaborative learning environments. This applied research approach was designed as a collaborative evaluation process for co-creation of technology-enabled, learningfocused physical and virtual ‘learning commons.' Faculty researchers from Sweden and the United States used Soft Systems Methodology tools, including the Process for Organisational Meanings (POM) model, to guide sixty-two students' participatory co-design and evaluation activities. In this paper, the POM evaluation model is explained and related to the Japanese concept Ba. Application of the models is illustrated within the context of student learning through boundary crossing information exchange and knowledge creation. As evidenced in their iterative and interactive evaluative recommendations, students' learning outcomes included development of improved capabilities for identifying socio-technical elements of distributed learning environments, suggesting that student beneficiaries can successfully reflect upon their experiences and provide valuable evaluation insights. In addition, when this evaluation is iterative, students' insights into project management, software needs, and services design can improve their technology-enabled learning experiences. Concluding comments explore the efficacy of the POM model implementation for guiding other learning-focused, user-centric initiatives, which aim to promote interdisciplinary, or boundary crossing, exchanges concurrent with advancing team-based knowledge creation proficiencies among project participants.
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| 13. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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An interactive evaluation approach for the creation of collaborative learning commons
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 12th European Conference on Information Technology Evaluation (ECITE 2005). ; , s. 337-347
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on the interactive design and evaluation of Internet2-enabled international students' cooperation/collaboration projects involving students and faculty from four disciplines and from three campuses, two in California, U.S.A. and one in the North of Sweden. The purpose of the collaboration is to collect and exchange information and produce knowledge on what would constitute a student-centered physical and virtual ‘learning commons'. The project construct reflects lessons learned in the 3-year Creative University initiative at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, as well as the growing shift from academic information commons to ‘learning commons', where the focus is on learning rather than technology. Our distributed, international design and evaluation process is based on principles and practices for action research and builds on theories for knowledge exchange embedded in the concept of Ba, as advanced by Nonaka and others. The Ba model recognizes four stages for making tacit knowledge explicit to enable information sharing and produce new knowledge within shared physical, virtual and mental contexts. To explore the practical feasibility of constituting and linking learning communities to create new disciplinary knowledge, share it across disciplinary communities, and co-create dynamic technology-enabled learning environments, we intentionally employed systems thinking methodology involving discourse, dialogue and communication through which faculty and students created shared meanings. Our report includes reflections on applied interactive evaluation framework and process as well as observations on the efficacy of a variety of technology supported tools for initiating and advancing distributed cooperative and collaborative learning. Our research results are further enriched by commentary on the social implementation factors affecting tool utility. For this kind of endeavour to succeed we need to pay explicit attention to the creation of viable group processes including knowledge assessment activities, influencing infrastructure for enabling technology, and integrate this with pedagogical insights on improving student learning.
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| 14. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Striving for realism in a user involvement process
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd ISPIM Innovation Symposium. - 9789522148643
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, it is commonly acknowledged that it is important to learn from users when the aim is to develop user-centred services and products. This is shown in the fact that a lot of the commercially important innovations that are developed today are developed by end-users. When it comes to innovation, it is burdened with uncertainty and the only way to get input on users reactions, is to start developing it and to let users use it. One way to involve users in the process of innovation development is the Living Lab approach in which one guiding principle is realism. In this paper, the aim is to define and illustrate how the Living Lab principle realism takes form and is facilitated in a mobile service development project described in this paper. We found that realism takes different forms dependent on in which phase the innovation process is.
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| 15. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding innovation community users
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the XX ISPIM Conference, Vienna, Austria, 21-24 June 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, we are facing new and challenging situations with the growing financial crisis and the difficult times for companies with a decreasing number of customers and declining revenues. It is therefore important for companies to challenge their way of thinking and developing innovations. An up-coming approach to innovation is to open up the innovation process and to include users in this process. Due to immaturity of this approach, there is little knowledge on how these communities should be designed and used to really support companies’ innovation processes. In this paper, we illustrate how and why users engage in innovation communities, as well as the nature of these users. We do this with the objective to render results that can guide companies on how to utilize their on-line user communities in order to accelerate user’s participation in open innovation processes.
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| 16. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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User evaluations in the wild : experiences from mobile living labs
- 2009
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Ingår i: Mobile Living Labs 09. ; , s. 7-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Involving users has become a prerequisite these days in ITproduct and service development processes; hence, the question is not so much about why we should involve users, but rather how they should be involved. Embracing a Living Lab approach means to strive to involve users throughout the innovation process and to make users engaged co-creators of the innovation. In this paper, we present different degrees of user involvement in design and evaluation processes and relate these to our experiences of involving users in Mobile Living Lab situations. We identify aspects we have grappled with in these process and issues that needs to be elaborated on further since the area of Mobile Living Lab is growing and concepts such as ubiquitous computing and context awareness is emerging. This in turn, sets new demands on methods for user involvement in the wild.
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