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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Tai, F, et al.
(författare)
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Abdominal Wall Miscellaneous
- 2015
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Ingår i: Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery. - 1248-9204. ; 19 Suppl 1, s. S5-S12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- LeBlanc, K, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Life after Hernia Surgery
- 2015
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Ingår i: Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery. - 1248-9204. ; 19 Suppl 1, s. S127-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Gu, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Quick Hot Shot & Young Surgeon Presentation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery. - 1248-9204. ; 19 Suppl 1, s. S77-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Brocks, J. J., et al.
(författare)
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Early sponges and toxic protists : possible sources of cryostane, an age diagnostic biomarker antedating Sturtian Snowball Earth
- 2016
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Ingår i: Geobiology. - : Wiley. - 1472-4677 .- 1472-4669. ; 14:2, s. 129-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The period 800-717million years (Ma) ago, in the lead-up to the Sturtian Snowball glaciation, saw an increase in the diversity of eukaryotic microfossils. To afford an independent and complementary view of this evolutionary period, this study presents the distribution of eukaryotic biomarkers from three pre-Sturtian successions across the supercontinent Rodinia: the ca. 780Ma Kanpa Formation of the Western Australian Officer Basin, the ca. 800-740Ma Visingso Group of Sweden, and the 740Ma Chuar Group in Arizona, USA. The distribution of eukaryotic steranes is remarkably similar in the three successions but distinct from all other known younger and older sterane assemblages. Cholestane was the only conventional structure, while indigenous steranes alkylated in position C-24, such as ergostane, stigmastane, dinosterane and isopropylcholestane, and n-propylcholestane, were not observed. This sterane distribution appears to be age diagnostic for the pre-Sturtian Neoproterozoic. It attests to the distinct evolutionary state of pre-Snowball eukaryotes, pointing to a taxonomic disparity that was still lower than in the Ediacaran (635-541Ma). All three basins also show the presence of a new C-28 sterane that was tentatively identified as 26-methylcholestane, here named cryostane. The only known extant organisms that can methylate sterols in the 26-position are demosponges. This assignment is plausible as molecular clocks place the appearance of the earliest animals into the pre-Sturtian Neoproterozoic. The unusual 26-methylsterol may have protected sponges, but also other eukaryotes, against their own membranolytic toxins. Some protists release lytic toxins to deter predators and kill eukaryotic prey. As conventional membrane sterols can be the site of attack for these toxins, sterols with unusual side-chain modification protect the cell. This interpretation of cryostane supports fossil evidence of predation in the Chuar Group and promotes hypotheses about the proliferation of eukaryophagy in the lead-up to the Cryogenian.
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| 8. |
- Dyverfeldt, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance consensus statement
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. - : BioMed Central / Informa Healthcare. - 1097-6647 .- 1532-429X. ; 17:72
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pulsatile blood flow through the cavities of the heart and great vessels is time-varying and multidirectional. Access to all regions, phases and directions of cardiovascular flows has formerly been limited. Four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has enabled more comprehensive access to such flows, with typical spatial resolution of 1.5x1.5x1.5 - 3x3x3 mm(3), typical temporal resolution of 30-40 ms, and acquisition times in the order of 5 to 25 min. This consensus paper is the work of physicists, physicians and biomedical engineers, active in the development and implementation of 4D Flow CMR, who have repeatedly met to share experience and ideas. The paper aims to assist understanding of acquisition and analysis methods, and their potential clinical applications with a focus on the heart and greater vessels. We describe that 4D Flow CMR can be clinically advantageous because placement of a single acquisition volume is straightforward and enables flow through any plane across it to be calculated retrospectively and with good accuracy. We also specify research and development goals that have yet to be satisfactorily achieved. Derived flow parameters, generally needing further development or validation for clinical use, include measurements of wall shear stress, pressure difference, turbulent kinetic energy, and intracardiac flow components. The dependence of measurement accuracy on acquisition parameters is considered, as are the uses of different visualization strategies for appropriate representation of time-varying multidirectional flow fields. Finally, we offer suggestions for more consistent, user-friendly implementation of 4D Flow CMR acquisition and data handling with a view to multicenter studies and more widespread adoption of the approach in routine clinical investigations.
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| 9. |
- Goni, Maria Fernanda Sanchez, et al.
(författare)
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The ACER pollen and charcoal database : a global resource to document vegetation and fire response to abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period
- 2017
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Ingår i: Earth System Science Data. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1866-3508 .- 1866-3516. ; 9:2, s. 679-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quaternary records provide an opportunity to examine the nature of the vegetation and fire responses to rapid past climate changes comparable in velocity and magnitude to those expected in the 21st-century. The best documented examples of rapid climate change in the past are the warming events associated with the Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles during the last glacial period, which were sufficiently large to have had a potential feedback through changes in albedo and greenhouse gas emissions on climate. Previous reconstructions of vegetation and fire changes during the D-O cycles used independently constructed age models, making it difficult to compare the changes between different sites and regions. Here, we present the ACER (Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses) global database, which includes 93 pollen records from the last glacial period (73-15 ka) with a temporal resolution better than 1000 years, 32 of which also provide charcoal records. A harmonized and consistent chronology based on radiometric dating (C-14, U-234/Th-230, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), Ar-40/Ar-39-dated tephra layers) has been constructed for 86 of these records, although in some cases additional information was derived using common control points based on event stratigraphy. The ACER database compiles metadata including geospatial and dating information, pollen and charcoal counts, and pollen percentages of the characteristic biomes and is archived in Microsoft Access (TM) at https://doi. org/10.1594/PANGAEA. 870867.
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| 10. |
- Kyle-Leinhase, I., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of hernia registries : the CORE project
- 2018
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Ingår i: Hernia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1265-4906 .- 1248-9204. ; 22:4, s. 561-575
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of the international CORE project was to explore the databases of the existing hernia registries and compare them in content and outcome variables. Methods: The CORE project was initiated with representatives from all established hernia registries (Danish Hernia Database, Swedish Hernia Registry, Herniamed, EuraHS, Club Hernie, EVEREG, AHSQC) in March 2015 in Berlin. The following categories were used to compare the registries: initiation and funding, data collection and use for certification of hernia centers, patient data and data protection, operative data, registration of complications and follow-up data. Results: The Danish Hernia Database is the only one to qualify as a genuine national registry where participation is compulsory for entry of all procedures by all surgeons performing a hernia operation. All other registries have to be considered as voluntary and completeness of data depends upon the participating hospitals and surgeons. Only the Danish Hernia Database and the Swedish Hernia Registry are publicly funded. All other registries are reliant on financial support from the medical technology industry. As an incentive for voluntary participation in a hernia registry, hospitals or surgeons are issued a certificate confirming that they are taking part in a quality assurance study for hernia surgery. Due to data protection and privacy regulations, most registries are obliged or have chosen to enter their patient data anonymously or coded. The Danish Hernia Database and Swedish Hernia Registry utilize a national personal patient code. In the Herniamed Registry, patient data are saved in a coded and anonymous format after obtaining the patient’s informed consent. Conclusion: Despite the differences in the way data are collected for each of the listed hernia registries, the data are indispensable in clinical research.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Treat, Claire C., et al.
(författare)
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Widespread global peatland establishment and persistence over the last 130,000 y
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 116:11, s. 4822-4827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glacial-interglacial variations in CO2 and methane in polar ice cores have been attributed, in part, to changes in global wetland extent, but the wetland distribution before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 ka to 18 ka) remains virtually unknown. We present a study of global peatland extent and carbon (C) stocks through the last glacial cycle (130 ka to present) using a newly compiled database of 1,063 detailed stratigraphic records of peat deposits buried by mineral sediments, as well as a global peatland model. Quantitative agreement between modeling and observations shows extensive peat accumulation before the LGM in northern latitudes (> 40 degrees N), particularly during warmer periods including the last interglacial (130 ka to 116 ka, MIS 5e) and the interstadial (57 ka to 29 ka, MIS 3). During cooling periods of glacial advance and permafrost formation, the burial of northern peatlands by glaciers and mineral sediments decreased active peatland extent, thickness, and modeled C stocks by 70 to 90% from warmer times. Tropical peatland extent and C stocks show little temporal variation throughout the study period. While the increased burial of northern peats was correlated with cooling periods, the burial of tropical peat was predominately driven by changes in sea level and regional hydrology. Peat burial by mineral sediments represents a mechanism for long-term terrestrial C storage in the Earth system. These results show that northern peatlands accumulate significant C stocks during warmer times, indicating their potential for C sequestration during the warming Anthropocene.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Barnabas, SL, et al.
(författare)
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Converging epidemics of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis in southern African female adolescents at risk of HIV
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 29:6, s. 531-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescents in Africa are at high risk for HIV infection, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and bacterial vaginosis (BV). Since behavior and burden of STIs/BV may influence HIV risk, behavioral risk factors and prevalence of STIs/BV were compared in HIV-seronegative adolescent females (n = 298; 16–22 years) from two South African communities (Soweto and Cape Town). STIs ( Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, Treponema pallidum, and Haemophilus ducreyi) were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction, human papillomavirus (HPV) by Roche Linear Array, and BV by Nugent scoring. Rates of BV (Nugent ≥7; 46.6%) and HPV (66.8%) were high in both communities. Prevalence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae were >2-fold higher in Cape Town than Soweto (Chlamydia: 42% [62/149] versus 18% [26/148], p < 0.0001; gonorrhoea 11% [17/149] versus 5% [7/148], p = 0.05). Only 24% of adolescents with vaginal discharge-causing STIs or BV were symptomatic. In South African adolescents, clinical symptoms compatible with vaginal discharge syndrome had a sensitivity of 23% and specificity of 85% for the diagnosis of discharge-causing STI or BV. In a region with high HIV prevalence and incidence, >70% of young women with treatable conditions that could enhance HIV risk would have been missed because they lacked symptoms associated with syndromic management.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bowman, John L, et al.
(författare)
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Insights into Land Plant Evolution Garnered from the Marchantia polymorpha Genome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 171:2, s. 287-304.15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolution of land flora transformed the terrestrial environment. Land plants evolved from an ancestral charophycean alga from which they inherited developmental, biochemical, and cell biological attributes. Additional biochemical and physiological adaptations to land, and a life cycle with an alternation between multicellular haploid and diploid generations that facilitated efficient dispersal of desiccation tolerant spores, evolved in the ancestral land plant. We analyzed the genome of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, a member of a basal land plant lineage. Relative to charophycean algae, land plant genomes are characterized by genes encoding novel biochemical pathways, new phytohormone signaling pathways (notably auxin), expanded repertoires of signaling pathways, and increased diversity in some transcription factor families. Compared with other sequenced land plants, M. polymorpha exhibits low genetic redundancy in most regulatory pathways, with this portion of its genome resembling that predicted for the ancestral land plant. PAPERCLIP.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Davis, Hope C., et al.
(författare)
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Time between anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction and cartilage metabolism six-months following reconstruction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Knee. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-0160. ; 25:2, s. 296-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To determine the association between time from injury to ACL reconstruction (TimeInjury-ACLR) and biochemical markers of cartilage metabolism and inflammation six months following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Methods: Individuals with a unilateral ACL injury were enrolled at initial presentation in the orthopedic clinic; blood was collected six months following ACLR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to analyze the ratio of serum concentrations of type-II collagen breakdown (C2C) to synthesis (CPII), plasma matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and serum aggrecan neoepitope (ARGS). We used separate linear regressions to assess associations between biochemical markers and TimeInjury-ACLR. Results: Twenty-two participants (50% females, mean [SD], age 21.9 [4.5] years old; BMI 23.8 [2.6] kg/m2) completed the study. TimeInjury-ACLR ranged from nine to 67days (31.0 [14.4days]). Greater TimeInjury-ACLR predicted greater serum C2C:CPII ratios six months following ACLR (C2C:CPII=0.15 [0.02], R2 =0.213, P=0.030). Males (R2 =0.733, P=0.001) but not females (R2 =0.030, P=0.609) demonstrated a significant association between greater C2C:CPII and TimeInjury-ACLR at the six-month follow-up exam. TimeInjury-ACLR did not associate with IL-6, MMP-3, or ARGS at six months. Conclusions: Greater time between injury and ACL reconstruction was associated with greater serum C2C:CPII six months following ACLR in males but not females, and IL-6, MMP-3, and ARGS levels were not associated with TimeInjury-ACLR in males or females. The time between ACL injury and ACLR may affect collagen metabolism in males and should be further investigated in a larger study along with other patient-relevant outcomes.
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| 21. |
- De La Fuente Vilar, Alejandra, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Memory of Uncooperative Witnesses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pitch presentation during the 2017 conference of the European Association of Psychology and Law in Mechelen, Belgium.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Despite the importance of their testimony, witnesses rarely provide sufficient information (Kebbell & Milne, 1998). However, witnesses’ reports are not necessarily a representation of memory. In fact, lack of reporting does not equal to lack of memory. But, there is no empirical evidence on whether memory is protected if it is not reported. This will be the first study to examine whether level of cooperation during an investigative interview affects memory for the target event. Specifically, we aim to learn whether memory traces are conserved when witnesses are uncooperative. Method During an in-person session, all participants will watch a mock-crime video clip and serve as eyewitnesses. They will be randomly assigned to only one of four interviewing conditions: control, enhanced cooperative style and two uncooperative style groups. Participants in the uncooperative groups will be told that the police believe they also participated in the crime. It is expected that participants to avoid self-incrimination will be less cooperative than those who are independent witnesses. Further, those in the enhanced cooperative condition will receive an extra incentive to facilitate disclosure. After a week, only one of the uncooperative groups will be debriefed. All groups will be interviewed again. Memory performance will be measured in both interviews. Results A literature review regarding memory for the unsaid (i.e., what is remembered and not disclosed) shows mixed results. Lack of disclosure of information can be accompanied, or not, by remembering. Thus, not reporting may lead to forgetting, but also to memory facilitation (Stone, Coman, Brown, Koppel & Hirst, 2012). As this is an exploratory study, no directional hypotheses are formulated. Preliminary data will be presented during the conference. Discussion Learning about how interview cooperation style affects memory and how this can be best recalled at a later stage is of particular relevance.
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| 22. |
- De La Fuente Vilar, Alejandra, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Uncooperative Witnesses and their Inclination to Disclose Information
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Association of Psychology and Law (EAPL) Conference. Turku, Finland: 26-29 June 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives Police rely on witness testimony to advance criminal investigations; however, witnesses do not always cooperate. Despite the importance of witness cooperation for gathering information during investigative interviews, it has received little scrutiny. We examined the extent to which witness cooperation affects information disclosure, and how lack of cooperation affects the reliability of witness testimony. Method Participants (N=139) watched a mock-crime video and were interviewed twice over a two-week period. They were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: control, cooperative and two uncooperative groups. In the cooperative group, participants were informed they were key witnesses, whereas those in the control condition did not receive especial instructions. Participants in the uncooperative groups were told the police believed they participated in the crime, but before the second interview one of the uncooperative groups was informed they were not longer incriminated. The amount of information disclosed was measured in both interviews. Results Data is currently being analysed and will be presented at the conference. We predict that witness cooperation level will affect information disclosure during investigative interviews. Specifically, uncooperative interviewees will disclose less detailed information, and will omit crime relevant facts, compared to those in the cooperative and control conditions. Additionally, we will examine whether memory for initially unreported information is impaired by an initial uncooperative interview. Conclusion Understanding how witness cooperation affects information gathering during investigative interviews is relevant to examine the reliability of testimonies from uncooperative witnesses, and to inform interviewing practice that promotes cooperative reporting and facilitates disclosure.
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| 23. |
- Deeb, Haneen, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Changing question format in repeated interviews to detect lies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Decepticon Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lie detection research has typically focused on reports about a single event. However, in many forensic and security contexts, suspects are likely to report on several events, some of them may be untruthful. This presents interviewers with the challenge of detecting which reports are true and which are not. Varying question format in a second interview, we examined differences in liars’ and truth-tellers’ statement inconsistency about two events. One hundred and fifty participants viewed a meeting in which a non-critical and a critical event were discussed. Truth-tellers were instructed to be honest in their reports about both events, whereas liars had to lie about the critical event. In the first interview, all participants provided a free recall account. In a second interview, participants either gave another free recall account or responded to specific questions presented sequentially (concerning one event at a time) or non-sequentially (concerning both events simultaneously). Liars’ accounts featured more repetitions than truth-tellers for both events, particularly in response to questions presented in non-sequential order. The implications for the use of this question format are discussed.
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| 24. |
- Deeb, Haneen, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Suspects' consistency in statements concerning two events when different question formats are used
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. - : Wiley. - 1544-4759. ; 14:1, s. 74-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lie detection research has typically focused on reports about a single event. However, in many forensic and security contexts, suspects are likely to report on several events, some of them may be untruthful. This presents interviewers with the challenge of detecting which reports are true and which are not. Varying question format in a second interview, we examined differences in liars' and truth‐tellers' statement consistency about two events. One hundred and fifty participants viewed a meeting in which a noncritical and a critical event were discussed. Truth‐tellers were instructed to be honest in their reports about both events, whereas liars had to lie about the critical event. In the first interview, all participants provided a free recall account. In a second interview, participants either gave another free recall account or responded to specific questions presented sequentially (concerning one event at a time) or nonsequentially (concerning both events simultaneously). Liars' accounts featured fewer repetitions than truth‐tellers for both events, particularly in response to questions presented in nonsequential order. The implications for the use of this question format are discussed.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Olsen, Jeanine L, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the seagrass Zostera marina reveals angiosperm adaptation to the sea.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 530:7590, s. 331-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seagrasses colonized the sea on at least three independent occasions to form the basis of one of the most productive and widespread coastal ecosystems on the planet. Here we report the genome of Zostera marina (L.), the first, to our knowledge, marine angiosperm to be fully sequenced. This reveals unique insights into the genomic losses and gains involved in achieving the structural and physiological adaptations required for its marine lifestyle, arguably the most severe habitat shift ever accomplished by flowering plants. Key angiosperm innovations that were lost include the entire repertoire of stomatal genes, genes involved in the synthesis of terpenoids and ethylene signalling, and genes for ultraviolet protection and phytochromes for far-red sensing. Seagrasses have also regained functions enabling them to adjust to full salinity. Their cell walls contain all of the polysaccharides typical of land plants, but also contain polyanionic, low-methylated pectins and sulfated galactans, a feature shared with the cell walls of all macroalgae and that is important for ion homoeostasis, nutrient uptake and O2/CO2 exchange through leaf epidermal cells. The Z. marina genome resource will markedly advance a wide range of functional ecological studies from adaptation of marine ecosystems under climate warming, to unravelling the mechanisms of osmoregulation under high salinities that may further inform our understanding of the evolution of salt tolerance in crop plants.
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| 32. |
- Pomraning, Kyle R., et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of yeast-to-hyphae transition in Yarrowia lipolytica
- 2018
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Ingår i: mSphere. - 2379-5042. ; 3:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica undergoes a morphological transition from yeast-to-hyphal growth in response to environmental conditions. A forward genetic screen was used to identify mutants that reliably remain in the yeast phase, which were then assessed by whole-genome sequencing. All the smooth mutants identified, so named because of their colony morphology, exhibit independent loss of DNA at a repetitive locus made up of interspersed ribosomal DNA and short 10- to 40-mer telomere-like repeats. The loss of repetitive DNA is associated with downregulation of genes with stress response elements (5'-CCCCT-3') and upregulation of genes with cell cycle box (5'-ACGCG-3') motifs in their promoter region. The stress response element is bound by the transcription factor Msn2p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We confirmed that the Y. lipolytica msn2 (Ylmsn2) ortholog is required for hyphal growth and found that overexpression of Ylmsn2 enables hyphal growth in smooth strains. The cell cycle box is bound by the Mbp1p/Swi6p complex in S. cerevisiae to regulate G1-to-S phase progression. We found that overexpression of either the Ylmbp1 or Ylswi6 homologs decreased hyphal growth and that deletion of either Ylmbp1 or Ylswi6 promotes hyphal growth in smooth strains. A second forward genetic screen for reversion to hyphal growth was performed with the smooth-33 mutant to identify additional genetic factors regulating hyphal growth in Y. lipolytica. Thirteen of the mutants sequenced from this screen had coding mutations in five kinases, including the histidine kinases Ylchk1 and Ylnik1 and kinases of the high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade Ylssk2, Ylpbs2, and Ylhog1. Together, these results demonstrate that Y. lipolytica transitions to hyphal growth in response to stress through multiple signaling pathways.
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| 33. |
- Stephens, Elizabeth H., et al.
(författare)
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Greater asymmetric wall shear stress in Sievers type 1/LR compared with 0/LAT bicuspid aortic valves after valve-sparing aortic root replacement
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 150:1, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the role of commissure orientation on downstream blood flow patterns and ascending aortic wall shear stress (WSS) in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) after valve-sparing aortic root replacement (V-SARR). Methods: Nineteen BAV patients after V-SARR (9 Sievers type 1/LR [type 1 valve with fusion of the left and right cusps] and 10 Sievers type 0/LAT ["naturally perfect; type 0 valve without the presence of a raphe, and with the 2 commissures oriented right-anterior-to-left-posterior]) were imaged using time-resolved 3-D phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging. A control group of 5 unoperated tricuspid aortic valve patients were used for comparison purposes. Wall shear stress and eccentricity of flow normalized to aortic diameter were measured in planes placed perpendicular to the axis of the ascending aorta at the level of the sinotubular junction (proximal ascending), main pulmonary artery (mid-ascending), and origin of the brachiocephalic (distal ascending). Results: The ratio of WSS along the outer curvature to that along the inner curvature was greater in Sievers type 1/LR patients compared with Sievers type 0/LAT patients in the proximal (3.8 +/- 1.6 vs 2.1 +/- 0.9, P = .009) and mid-ascending aorta (4.5 +/- 2.4 vs 2.4 +/- 1.3, P = .027). Relative to control normal tricuspid patients, Sievers type 1/LR BAV patients had a higher WSS ratio in the mid-ascending aorta (4.5 +/- 2.4 vs 1.2 +/- 1.2, P = .007). Conversely, WSS in Sievers type 0/LAT patients was not different than in normal tricuspid patients. Conclusions: After V-SARR, BAV cusp morphology has a major impact on the pattern of blood flow and WSS in the ascending aorta.
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