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Sökning: WFRF:(Hu Xin) > (2020-2024)

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1.
  • Beal, Jacob, et al. (författare)
  • Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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2.
  • Hu, Jiwen, et al. (författare)
  • Rapid detection of mercury (II) ions and water content by a new rhodamine B-based fluorescent chemosensor
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Spectrochimica Acta Part A - Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 1386-1425 .- 1873-3557. ; 241
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A rhodamine B-based sensor (RS) was designed and synthesized by a combination of the spirolacton rhodamine B (fluorophore) and multidentate chelates (ionophore) with high affinity towards Hg2+. In the presence of Hg2+, the resulting red-orange fluorescence (under UV light) and naked eye red color of IDS are supposed to be used for quantitative and qualitative measurement of Hg2+. Further fluorescent titration and analysis demonstrate that RS can selectively detect Hg2+ within 1 s with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 16 nM in acetonitrile media, meanwhile, the association constant (K-a) was calculated to be 0.32 x 10(5) M-1. More importantly, the resultant complex (RSHg) of RS and Hg2+ has also been successfully applied to detect limited water content in acetonitrile solution. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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3.
  • Chen, Xuelong, et al. (författare)
  • Investigation of Precipitation Process in the Water Vapor Channel of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 105:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon (YGC) is an important pathway for water vapor transport from southern Asia to the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This area exhibits one of the highest frequencies of convective activity in China, and precipitation often induces natural disasters in local communities, which can dramatically affect their livelihoods. In addition, the produced precipitation gives rise to vast glaciers and large rivers around the YGC. In 2018, the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program tasked a research team to conduct an "investigation of the precipitation process in the water vapor channel of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon" (INVC) in the southeastern TP. This team subsequently established a comprehensive observation system of land-air interaction, water vapor, clouds, and rainfall activity in the YGC. This paper introduces the developed observation system and summarizes the preliminary results obtained during the first two years of the project. Using this INVC observation network, herein, we focus on the development of rainfall events on the southeastern TP. This project also helps to monitor geohazards in the key area of the Sichuan-Tibet railway, which traverses the northern YGC. The observation datasets will benefit future research on mountain meteorology.
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4.
  • Cui, Peng, et al. (författare)
  • Long-term androgen excess induces insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in PCOS-like rats.
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1220 .- 0960-0760. ; 208
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for metabolic disorders compared to healthy women, and about 51 % of women with PCOS suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Investigation into the pathological mechanism behind this association will provide insights for the prevention and treatment of this complication.Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a nonaromatic androgen, was used to mimic the pathological conditions of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, immunofluorescent staining, Western blots, and qRT-PCR were used to verify the hepatic steatosis and inflammation, and the latter two methods were also used for energy and mitochondrion-related assays. ELISA was used to measure the level of reactive oxygen species.Twelve weeks of DHT exposure led to obesity and insulin resistance as well as hepatic steatosis, lipid deposition, and different degrees of inflammation. The expression of molecules involved in respiratory chain and aerobic respiration processes, such as electron transfer complex II, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A, was inhibited. In addition, molecules associated with apoptosis and autophagy were also abnormally expressed, such as increased Bak mRNA, an increased activated caspase-3 to caspase-3 ratio, and increased Atg12 protein expression. All of these changes are associated with the mitochondria and lead to lipid deposition and inflammation in the liver.Long-term androgen excess contributes to insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by affecting mitochondrial function and causing an imbalance in apoptosis and autophagy, thus suggesting the pathogenesis of NAFLD in women with PCOS.
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5.
  • Hu, Jiwen, et al. (författare)
  • Selective colorimetric detection of copper (II) by a protein-based nanoprobe
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Spectrochimica Acta Part A - Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 1386-1425 .- 1873-3557. ; 252
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work, we report a novel protein-based nanoprobe (PNP) that can be employed for quantitative analysis of Cu2+ in pure water medium and real samples. Structurally, the proposed nanoprobe comprises a biofriendly protein (hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL)) and a Cu2+-specific chromogenic agent, where HEWL acts as a nanocarrier encapsulating a structurally tailored rhodamine B derivate. The resulting PNP exhibits a hydrodynamic diameter of similar to 106 nm and efficiently disperses in water, enabling the detection of Cu2+ in pure aqueous systems without the aid of any organic co-solvents. The high sensitivity and selectivity of PNP allow the colorimetric detection of Cu2+ in the presence of other metal interferents with a low detection limit of 160 nM. The satisfying recovery of trace level Cu2+ in environmental samples demonstrate the great potential of employing PNP for the determination of Cu2+ in actual applications. Most importantly, the simple co-grinding method employing proteins and chromogenic agents provides a novel strategy to generate sensing systems that are useful detection of pollutants in aqueous samples. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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6.
  • Kristan, Matej, et al. (författare)
  • The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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7.
  • Li, Xing Yu, et al. (författare)
  • Ion Acceleration and Corresponding Bounce Echoes Induced by Electric Field Impulses: MMS Observations
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 129:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dayside magnetosphere interactions are essential for energy and momentum transport between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. In this study, we investigate a new phenomenon within this regime. Sudden enhancements of ion fluxes followed by repeating dropouts and recoveries were observed by Magnetospheric Multiscale on 5 November 2016, which is the very end of the recovery phase from a moderate geomagnetic storm. These repetitive flux variations display energy-dispersive characteristics with periods relevant to ion bounce motion, suggesting they are corresponding echoes. Alongside the flux variations, bipolar electric field impulses originating from external sources were detected. We traced the source region of the initial injection and found it is located near the spacecraft's position. To elucidate the underlying physics, a test-particle simulation is conducted. The results reveal that radial transport resulting from impulse-induced acceleration can give rise to these echoes. Observations demonstrate dayside magnetosphere interactions are more common than we previously considered, which warrants further research.
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8.
  • Wang, Hong, et al. (författare)
  • Real-time tracking of mitochondrial dynamics by a dual-sensitive probe
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 320
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Tracking of mitochondrial dynamic processes including their morphology, biogenesis and elimination is of significance to deeply understand mitochondrial physiology and related diseases, which requires simultaneous and discriminative labeling of both mitochondria themselves and correlated downstream organelles. However, the combination of multiple fluorescent probes will bring the large invasive effect that seriously impacts the normal physiological processes of mitochondria within live cells. To address this issue, we herein construct a single molecular probe through the combination of two pH-sensitive fluorogens, hydroxyl-coumarin and rhodamine B, enabling the detection of intracellular microenvironmental pH variations. Importantly, the as-synthesized probe not only accumulates into mitochondria, indicated by cyan emission from hydroxyl-coumarin but also can be delivered to the downstream acidic autolysosomes upon the occurrence of mitophagy, indicated by red emission from rhodamine B. Taking advantage of a two-channel confocal microscopy strategy, we have achieved to real-time track the processes of mitochondrial replication, merge and autophagy.
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9.
  • Zhang, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • A ratiometric fluorogenic nanoprobe for real-time quantitative monitoring of lysosomal pH
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier Science SA. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 345
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lysosomes are known as key players in cellular signalling and act as terminal degradation stations involved in a multitude of cellular processes. Being a highly influential physiological factor, pH is essential in the regulation of lysosome-mediated physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant pH fluctuations are highly related to lysosomal dysfunction that correlates to lysosomal storage diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. As such, real-time quantitative monitoring of lysosomal pH (pHL) is crucial for gaining insight into lysosomal dysfunction but challenging by the lack of effective lysosome-specific probes with high signal fidelity. Toward this end, we have proposed a lysosomal fluorogenic nanoprobe (TR-MP) for reliable ratiometric measuring of pHL. It is fabricated by rational manipulation of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in a tailorable nanoplatform. The nanoprobe consists of biocompatible silica nanoparticles assembled with a pH-sensitive rhodamine derivative (RDM-TEOS) as an acceptor and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore (TPE-OMe) as a donor to ensure high energy transfer efficiency. Further equipped with cell-penetrating facilitator and morpholine to enable effective cell-internalization and high lysosome affinity of TR-MP. Results show that TR-MP can quantitatively measure pH in a range of 3.0 - 7.0 and detect pHL fluctuations in live cells under various stimuli, as well as real-time monitor pHL during apoptosis.
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10.
  • Zhang, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • Light-Up Lipid Droplets Dynamic Behaviors Using a Red-Emitting Fluorogenic Probe
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 92:5, s. 3613-3619
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Intracellular lipid metabolism occurs in lipid droplets (LDs), which is critical to the survival of cells. Imaging LDs is an intuitive way to understand their physiology in live cells. However, this is limited by the availability of specific probes that can properly visualize LDs in vivo. Here, an LDs-specific red-emitting probe is proposed to address this need, which is not merely with an ultrahigh signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and a large Stokes shift (up to 214 nm) but also with superior resistance to photobleaching. The probe has been successfully applied to real-time tracking of intracellular LDs behaviors, including fusion, migration, and lipophagy processes. We deem that the proposed probe here offers a new possibility for deeper understanding of LDs-associated behaviors, elucidation of their roles and mechanisms in cellular metabolism, and determination of the transition between adaptive lipid storage and lipotoxicity as well.
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11.
  • zhang, xin, 1990-, et al. (författare)
  • Single-wavelength-excited fluorogenic nanoprobe for accurate real-time ratiometric analysis of broad pH fluctuations in mitophagy
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nano Reseach. - : Tsinghua University Press. - 1998-0124 .- 1998-0000. ; 15, s. 6515-6521
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Mitophagy has a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis through acidic lysosomes engulfing excess or impaired mitochondria, thereby pH fluctuation is one of the most significant indicators for tracking mitophagy. Then such precise pH tracking demands the fluorogenic probe that has tailored contemporaneous features, including mitochondrial-specificity, excellent biocompatibility, wide pH-sensitive range of 8.0-4.0, and especially quantitative ability. However, available molecular probes cannot simultaneously meet all the requirements since it is extremely difficult to integrate multiple functionalities into a single molecule. To fully address this issue, we herein integrate two fluorogenic pH sensitive units, a mitochondria-specific block, cell-penetrating facilitator, and biocompatible segments into an elegant silica nano scaffold, which greatly ensures the applicability for real-time tracking of pH fluctuations in mitophagy. Most significantly, at a single wavelength excitation, the integrated pH-sensitive units have spectra-distinguishable fluorescence towards alkaline and acidic pH in a broad range that covers mitochondrial and lysosomal pH, thus enabling a ratiometric analysis of pH variations during the whole mitophagy. This work also provides constructive insights into the fabrication of advanced fluorescent nanoprobes for diverse biomedical applications.
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12.
  • Zhang, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • Tailorable Membrane-Penetrating Nanoplatform for Highly Efficient Organelle-Specific Localization
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 17:31
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Given the breadth of currently arising opportunities and concerns associated with nanoparticles for biomedical imaging, various types of nanoparticles have been widely exploited, especially for cellular/subcellular level probing. However, most currently reported nanoparticles either have inefficient delivery into cells or lack specificity for intracellular destinations. The absence of well-defined nanoplatforms remains a critical challenge hindering practical nano-based bio-imaging. Herein, the authors elaborate on a tailorable membrane-penetrating nanoplatform as a carrier with encapsulated actives and decorated surfaces to tackle the above-mentioned issues. The tunable contents in such a versatile nanoplatform offer huge flexibility to reach the expected properties and functions. Aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) is applied to achieve sought-after photophysical properties, specific targeting moieties are installed to give high affinity towards different desired organelles, and critical grafting of cell-penetrating cyclic disulfides (CPCDs) to promote cellular uptake efficiency without sacrificing the specificity. Hereafter, to validate its practicability, the tailored nano products are successfully applied to track the dynamic correlation between mitochondria and lysosomes during autophagy. The authors believe that the strategy and described materials can facilitate the development of functional nanomaterials for various life science applications.
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13.
  • Zhou, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • Simultaneous manipulation of scalable absorbance and the electronic bridge for efficient CO2 photoreduction
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 10:48, s. 25661-25670
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Highly active, low-cost, and stable photocatalysts are the key point for the development of photocatalysis technology, which is one of the most promising advanced approaches to a greener future. As a nonmetallic polymer with high performance, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has a notable effect on photocatalytic CO2 reduction. However, the narrow light absorption limits its photocatalytic efficiency. In this work, we prepared red g-C3N4 with the oxygen bridge structure (CSCN) using a grinding thermal polymerization method. The oxygen bridge structure provides more active sites, broadens the light absorption range, and improves the charge separation efficiency. Benefiting from the combined above advantages, CSCN exhibited a rate of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO of 28.5 mu mol g(-1) h(-1). This work proposes a way to enhance the light absorption efficiency and CO2 reduction properties of g-C3N4.
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14.
  • Bi, Zenghui, et al. (författare)
  • Highly dispersed La−O/N−C sites anchored in hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon as bifunctional catalysts for high-performance rechargeable Zn−air batteries
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Energy Storage Materials. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8289 .- 2405-8297. ; 54, s. 313-322
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Inexpensive, high-activity bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are imperative for the development of energy storage and conversion systems. A nitrogen-doped carbon material with a micro−meso−macroporous structure doped with La (LaPNC) containing La−O/N−C active sites is prepared using SiO2 particle templating of carbon and a metal node exchange strategy. The coordination environment of La sites stabilized by two oxygen and four nitrogen atoms (LaO2N4), is further verified by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The ORR half-wave potential reaches 0.852 V, and the OER overpotential reaches 263 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The Zn−air battery, with LaPNC as the air cathode, has a maximum power density of 202 mW cm−2 and achieves stable charge−discharge for at least 100 h without a significant increase or decrease in the charge or discharge voltages, respectively. Density functional theory calculations suggest that LaO2N4 sites exhibit the lowest activation free energy and the most easily desorbed oxygen capacity. This study provides new insights into the design of efficient, durable bifunctional catalysts as alternatives to precious-metal-based catalysts.
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15.
  • Botvinik-Nezer, Rotem, et al. (författare)
  • Variability in the analysis of a single neuroimaging dataset by many teams
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 582, s. 84-88
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Data analysis workflows in many scientific domains have become increasingly complex and flexible. Here we assess the effect of this flexibility on the results of functional magnetic resonance imaging by asking 70 independent teams to analyse the same dataset, testing the same 9 ex-ante hypotheses(1). The flexibility of analytical approaches is exemplified by the fact that no two teams chose identical workflows to analyse the data. This flexibility resulted in sizeable variation in the results of hypothesis tests, even for teams whose statistical maps were highly correlated at intermediate stages of the analysis pipeline. Variation in reported results was related to several aspects of analysis methodology. Notably, a meta-analytical approach that aggregated information across teams yielded a significant consensus in activated regions. Furthermore, prediction markets of researchers in the field revealed an overestimation of the likelihood of significant findings, even by researchers with direct knowledge of the dataset(2-5). Our findings show that analytical flexibility can have substantial effects on scientific conclusions, and identify factors that may be related to variability in the analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results emphasize the importance of validating and sharing complex analysis workflows, and demonstrate the need for performing and reporting multiple analyses of the same data. Potential approaches that could be used to mitigate issues related to analytical variability are discussed. The results obtained by seventy different teams analysing the same functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset show substantial variation, highlighting the influence of analytical choices and the importance of sharing workflows publicly and performing multiple analyses.
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16.
  • Chen, Xiaoyu, et al. (författare)
  • Understanding the Enhanced Catalytic CO2 Reduction upon Adhering Cobalt Porphyrin to Carbon Nanotubes and the Inverse Loading Effect
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Organometallics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0276-7333 .- 1520-6041. ; 39:9, s. 1634-1641
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Adhering a cobalt porphyrin (Co(TPP)) catalyst on a carbon nanotube (CNT) supporting material greatly enhances its reactivity and enables catalysis in water, which is otherwise impossible. However, the effect of solvent as well as supporting materials on catalysis is still elusive. On the basis of computational results we found that water as a reaction medium lowers the reductive potential required due to the stabilization of intermediates and transition states, and provides higher availability of protons. To understand the effect of the support materials, we combine computations and experiments and illustrate that the curvature of the nanotubes plays an essential role in aggregation through the competition between the Ï-πinteractions between the porphyrin rings as well as between the Co(TPP) and the nanotube, providing an insight into lessening the degree of aggregation.
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17.
  • Chen, Zhiwen, et al. (författare)
  • Integrated Design of Hierarchical CoSnO3@NC@MnO@NC Nanobox as Anode Material for Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 12:17, s. 19768-19777
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) are potential candidates for anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity (similar to 1000 mA h/g) and enhanced safety from suppressing the formation of lithium dendrites. However, the poor electron conductivity and the large volume expansion during lithiation/delithiation processes are still the main hurdles for the practical usage of TMOs as anode materials. In this work, the CoSnO3@NC@ MnO@NC hierarchical nanobox (CNMN) is then proposed and fabricated to solve those issues. The as-prepared nanobox contains hollow cubic CoSnO3 as a core and dual N-doped carbon-"sandwiched" MnO particles as a shell. As anode materials of LIBs, the hollow and carbon interlayer structures effectively accommodate the volume expansion while dual active TMOs of CoSnO3 and Notably, the dual-layer structure of N-doped carbons plays a critical functional role MnO efficiently increase the specific capacity. in the incorporated composites, where the inner layer serves as a reaction substrate and a spatial barrier and the outer layer offers electron conductivity, enabling more effective involvement of active anode materials in lithium storage, as well as maintaining their high activity during lithium cycling. Subsequently, the as-prepared CNMN exhibits a high specific capacity of 1195 mA h/g after the 200th cycle at 0.1C and an excellent stable reversible capacity of about 876 mA h/g after the 300th cycle at 0.5C with only 0.07 mA h/g fade per cycle after 300 cycles. Even after a 250 times fast charging/discharging cycle both at SC, it still retains a reversible capacity of 422.6 mA h/g. We ascribe the enhanced lithium storage performances to the novel hierarchical architectures achieved from the rational design.
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18.
  • Chen, Zhiwen, et al. (författare)
  • Interface engineering of NiS@MoS2 core-shell microspheres as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkaline medium
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 853
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Electrochemical splitting of water is one of the most reliable and effective ways for the sustainable production of pure hydrogen on a large scale, while the core of this technology lies in the development of highly active non-noble-metal-based electrocatalysts to lower the large dynamic overpotentials of electrode materials. Here, an interface engineering strategy is demonstrated to construct an efficient and stable catalyst based on NiS@MoS2 core-shell hierarchical microspheres for the hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). The ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets in-situ grow on the surface of NiS hierarchical micro-sized spheres constructed by porous nanoplates, endowing the composites with rich interfaces, well-exposed electroactive edges, high structural porosity and fast transport channels. These advantages are favorable for the improvement of catalytic sites and the transport of catalysis-relevant species. More importantly, the intimate contact between MoS2 nanosheets and NiS nanoplates synergistically favors the chemical sorption of hydrogen intermediates, thereby reducing the reaction barrier and accelerating the HER catalytic process. As a result, the optimized NiS@MoS2 catalyst manifests impressive HER activity and durability, with a low overpotential of 208 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 146 mV in 1.0 M KOH at 10 mA cm(-2), respectively. This work not only provides an effective way to construct core-shell hierarchical microspheres but also a multiscale strategy to regulate the electronic structure of heterostructured materials for energy-related applications. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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19.
  • Conti, David, V, et al. (författare)
  • Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:1, s. 65-75
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.
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20.
  • Ding, Yang, et al. (författare)
  • Artificial intelligence-assisted point-of-care testing system for ultrafast and quantitative detection of drug-resistant bacteria
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: SMARTMAT. - : WILEY. - 2766-8525.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • As one of the major causes of antimicrobial resistance, beta-lactamase develops rapidly among bacteria. Detection of beta-lactamase in an efficient and low-cost point-of-care testing (POCT) way is urgently needed. However, due to the volatile environmental factors, the quantitative measurement of current POCT is often inaccurate. Herein, we demonstrate an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted mobile health system that consists of a paper-based beta-lactamase fluorogenic probe analytical device and a smartphone-based AI cloud. An ultrafast broad-spectrum fluorogenic probe (B1) that could respond to beta-lactamase within 20 s was first synthesized, and the detection limit was determined to be 0.13 nmol/L. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional microfluidic paper-based analytical device was fabricated for integration of B1. Also, a smartphone-based AI cloud was developed to correct errors automatically and output results intelligently. This smart system could calibrate the temperature and pH in the beta-lactamase level detection in complex samples and mice infected with various bacteria, which shows the problem-solving ability in interdisciplinary research, and demonstrates potential clinical benefits.
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21.
  • Fu, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Nanoporous CoP nanowire arrays decorated with carbon-coated CoP nanoparticles: the role of interfacial engineering for efficient overall water splitting
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Research. - : WILEY. - 0363-907X .- 1099-114X. ; 46:8, s. 11359-11370
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The innovative construction of bifunctional non-noble electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is imperative for electrochemical water splitting. Herein, we provide a collaborative self-templating method to prepare a hybrid catalyst of nanoporous CoP nanowire (NWs) arrays decorated with carbon-coated CoP nanoparticles (NPs). Its found that the unique structure and morphology of the resultant catalyst can provide abundant available active sites and faciliatate the rapid H-2/O-2 transmission. Additionally, the N-doped carbon improves the conductivity of the catalyst and prevents the aggregation and deactivation of CoP nanoparticles. Forthermore, the strong coupling and synergistic effects by interface engineering are also conducive to the electrochemical performance. Benefiting from these advantages, the CoP NWs/CoP NPs@NC/CC only needs a low overpotential of 103 mV to achieve 10 mA cm(-2) with a small Tafel slope of 87 mV dec(-1) for HER. When employed in an electrolytic cell as an electrocatalyst for overall water splitting, a low voltage of 1.60 V is required to drive 10 mA cm(-2). This study may provide a novel way to fabricate transitionmetal-based catalysts for water splitting.
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22.
  • Fu, Xi, et al. (författare)
  • Associations between the indoor microbiome, environmental characteristics and respiratory infections in junior high school students of Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7887 .- 2050-7895. ; 23:8, s. 1171-1181
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pathogens are commonly present in the human respiratory tract, but symptoms are varied among individuals. The interactions between pathogens, commensal microorganisms and host immune systems are important in shaping the susceptibility, development and severity of respiratory diseases. Compared to the extensive studies on the human microbiota, few studies reported the association between indoor microbiome exposure and respiratory infections. In this study, 308 students from 21 classrooms were randomly selected to survey the occurrence of respiratory infections in junior high schools of Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Vacuum dust was collected from the floor, chairs and desks of these classrooms, and high-throughput amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA and ITS) and quantitative PCR were conducted to characterize the absolute concentration of the indoor microorganisms. Fifteen bacterial genera in the classes Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria were protectively associated with respiratory infections (p < 0.01), and these bacteria were mainly derived from the outdoor environment. Previous studies also reported that outdoor environmental bacteria were protectively associated with chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, but the genera identified were different between acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Four fungal genera from Ascomycota, including Devriesia, Endocarpon, Sarcinomyces and an unclassified genus from Herpotrichillaceae, were protectively associated with respiratory infections (p < 0.01). House dust mite (HDM) allergens and outdoor NO2 concentration were associated with respiratory infections and infection-related microorganisms. A causal mediation analysis revealed that the health effects of HDM and NO2 were partially or fully mediated by the indoor microorganisms. This is the first study to explore the association between environmental characteristics, microbiome exposure and respiratory infections in a public indoor environment, expanding our understanding of the complex interactions among these factors.
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23.
  • Fu, Xi, et al. (författare)
  • Derived habitats of indoor microbes are associated with asthma symptoms in Chinese university dormitories
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 194
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Increasing evidence from the home environment indicates that indoor microbiome exposure is associated with asthma development. However, indoor microbiome composition can be highly diverse and dynamic, and thus current studies fail to produce consistent results. Chinese university dormitories are special high-density dwellings with similar building and occupants characteristics, which facilitate to disentangle the complex interactions between microbes, environmental characteristics and asthma. Settled air dust and floor dust was collected from 87 dormitory rooms in Shanxi University. Bacterial communities were characterized by 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Students (n = 357) were surveyed for asthma symptoms and measured for fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Asthma was not associated with the overall bacterial richness but associated with specific phylogenetic classes. Taxa richness and abundance in Clostridia, including Ruminococcus, Blautia, Clostridium and Subdoligranulum, were positively associated with asthma (p < 0.05), and these taxa were mainly derived from the human gut. Taxa richness in Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria were marginally protectively associated with asthma, and these taxa were mainly derived from the outdoor environment. Bacterial richness and abundance were not associated with FeNO levels. Building age was associated with overall bacterial community variation in air and floor dust (p < 0.05), but not associated with the asthma-related microorganisms. Our data shows that taxa from different phylogenetic classes and derived habitats have different health effects, indicating the importance of incorporating phylogenetic and ecological concepts in revealing patterns in the microbiome asthma association analysis.
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24.
  • Fu, Xi, et al. (författare)
  • Indoor bacterial, fungal and viral species and functional genes in urban and rural schools in Shanxi Province, China : association with asthma, rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in high school students
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Microbiome. - : Springer Nature. - 2049-2618. ; 9:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundStudies in developed countries have reported that the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis is higher in urban areas than in rural areas, and this phenomenon is associated with urbanization and changing indoor microbiome exposure. Developing countries such as China have experienced rapid urbanization in past years, but no study has investigated microbiome exposure and urban-rural health effects in these countries.MethodsNine high schools from urban and rural areas were randomly selected in Shanxi Province, China, and classroom vacuum dust was collected for shotgun metagenomic sequencing. A self-administered questionnaire was collected from 1332 students for personal information and health data. Three-level logistic regression was performed between microbial richness/abundance/functional pathways and the occurrence of asthma and rhinitis symptoms.ResultsConsistent with developed countries, the prevalence of wheeze and rhinitis was higher in urban areas than in rural areas (p < 0.05). Metagenomic profiling revealed 8302 bacterial, 395 archaeal, 744 fungal, 524 protist and 1103 viral species in classroom dust. Actinobacteria (mean relative abundance 49.7%), Gammaproteobacteria (18.4%) and Alphaproteobacteria (10.0%) were the most abundant bacterial classes. The overall microbiome composition was significantly different between urban and rural schools (p = 0.001, Adonis). Species from Betaproteobactera, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli were enriched in urban schools, and species from Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were enriched in rural schools. Potential pathogens were present in higher abundance in urban schools than in rural schools (p < 0.05). Pseudoalteromonas, Neospora caninum and Microbacterium foliorum were positively associated with the occurrence of wheeze, rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis, and Brachybacterium was protectively (negatively) associated with rhinitis (p < 0.01). The abundance of human endocrine and metabolic disease pathways was positively associated with rhinitis (p = 0.008), and butyrate and propionate metabolic genes and pathways were significantly enriched in rural schools (p < 0.005), in line with previous findings that these short-chain fatty acids protect against inflammatory diseases in the human gut.ConclusionsWe conducted the first indoor microbiome survey in urban/rural environments with shotgun metagenomics, and the results revealed high-resolution microbial taxonomic and functional profiling and potential health effects.
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25.
  • Guo, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Researching on the fine structure and admixture of the worldwide chicken population reveal connections between populations and important events in breeding history
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evolutionary Applications. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1752-4571.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here, we have evaluated the general genomic structure and diversity and studied the divergence resulting from selection and historical admixture events for a collection of worldwide chicken breeds. In total, 636 genomes (43 populations) were sequenced from chickens of American, Chinese, Indonesian, and European origin. Evaluated populations included wild junglefowl, rural indigenous chickens, breeds that have been widely used to improve modern western poultry populations and current com-mercial stocks bred for efficient meat and egg production. In-depth characteriza-tions of the genome structure and genomic relationships among these populations were performed, and population admixture events were investigated. In addition, the genomic architectures of several domestication traits and central documented events in the recent breeding history were explored. Our results provide detailed insights into the contributions from population admixture events described in the historical literature to the genomic variation in the domestic chicken. In particular, we find that the genomes of modern chicken stocks used for meat production both in eastern (Asia) and western (Europe/US) agriculture are dominated by contributions from heavy Asian breeds. Further, by exploring the link between genomic selective divergence and pigmentation, connections to functional genes feather coloring were confirmed.
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26.
  • Hu, Li-Xin, et al. (författare)
  • What is in Nigerian waters? Target and non-target screening analysis for organic chemicals
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 284
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Emerging organic contaminants (e.g., active pharmaceutical ingredients and personal care products ingredients) are ubiquitous in the environment and potentially harmful to ecosystems, have gained increasing public attention worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of data on these contaminants in Africa. In this study, various types of water samples (wastewater, surface water and tap water) collected from Lagos, Nigeria were analyzed for these chemicals by both target and non-target analysis on an UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS. In total, 109 compounds were identified by non-target screening using the online database mzCloud. Level 1 identification confidence was achieved for 13 compounds for which reference standards were available and level 2 was achieved for the rest. In the quantitative analysis, 18 of 38 target compounds were detected, including the parent compounds and their metabolites. Acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, acesulfame, and caffeine were detected in all samples with their highest concentrations at 8000, 5300, 16, and 7700 μg/L in wastewater, 140000, 3300, 7.7, and 12000 μg/L in surface water, and 66, 62, 0.17 and 1000 μg/L in tap water, respectively. The occurrence of psychoactive substances, anticancer treatments, antiretrovirals, antihypertensives, antidiabetics and their metabolites were reported in Nigeria for the first time. These results indicate poor wastewater treatment and management in Nigeria, and provide a preliminary profile of organic contaminants occurring in Nigerian waters. The findings from this study urge more future research on chemical pollution in the aquatic environments in Nigeria.
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27.
  • Hu, Min, et al. (författare)
  • Alterations of endometrial epithelial-mesenchymal transition and MAPK signaling components in women with PCOS are partially modulated by metformin in vitro. : Endometrial EMT and MAPK signaling components in PCOS patients
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Molecular human reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2407. ; 26:5, s. 312-326
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Growing evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its regulator mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) contribute to endometria-related reproductive disorders. However, the regulation of EMT and MAPK signaling components in the endometrium from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients has not been systematically investigated and remains elusive. In humans, how metformin induces molecular alterations in the endometrial tissues under PCOS conditions is not completely clear. Here, we recruited 7 non-PCOS patients during the proliferative phase (nPCOS), 7 non-PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia (nPCOSEH), 14 PCOS patients during the proliferative phase (PCOS), and 3 PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia (PCOSEH). Our studies demonstrated that compared with nPCOS, PCOS patients showed decreased Claudin 1 and increased Vimentin and Slug proteins. Similar to increased Slug protein, nPCOSEH and PCOSEH patients showed increased N-cadherin protein. Western blot and immunostaining revealed increased epithelial phosphorylated Cytokeratin 8 (p-CK 8) expression and an increased p-CK 8:CK 8 ratio in PCOS, nPCOSEH, and PCOSEH patients compared to nPCOS patients. Although nPCOSEH and PCOSEH patients showed increased p-ERK1/2 and/or p38 protein levels, the significant increase in p-ERK1/2 expression and p-ERK1/2:ERK1/2 ratio was only found in PCOS patients compared to nPCOS patients. A significant induction of the membrane ERβ immunostaining was observed in the epithelial cells of PCOS and PCOSEH patients compared to nPCOS and nPCOSEH patients. While in-vitro treatment with metformin alone increased Snail and decreased Claudin 1, N-cadherin and α-SMA proteins, concomitant treatment with metformin and E2 increased the expression of CK 8 and Snail proteins and decreased the expression of Claudin 1, ZO-1, Slug and α-SMA proteins. Our findings suggest that the EMT contributes to the switch from a healthy state to a PCOS state in the endometrium, which might subsequently drive endometrial injury and dysfunction. We also provide evidence that metformin differentially modulates EMT protein expression in PCOS patients depending on estrogenic stimulation.
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28.
  • Hu, Min, et al. (författare)
  • TLR4-associated IRF-7 and NFĸB signaling acts as a molecular link between androgen and metformin activities and cytokine synthesis in the PCOS endometrium.
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 106:4, s. 1022-1040
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Low-grade chronic inflammation is commonly seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in the endometrium. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cytokine synthesis and increased endometrial inflammation in PCOS patients remains limited.Endometrial biopsy samples were collected from non-PCOS (n = 17) and PCOS (n = 22) patients either during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle or with hyperplasia. Endometrial explants were prepared from PCOS patients and subjected to pharmacological manipulation in vitro. The expression and localization of TLR2/4, key elements of innate immune signal transduction and NFκB signaling pathways, and multiple cytokines were comprehensively evaluated by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence in endometrial tissues.We demonstrated the distribution of protein expression and localization associated with the significantly increased androgen receptor, TLR2, and TLR4-mediated activation of IRF-7 and NFkB signaling, cytokine production, and endometrial inflammation in PCOS patients compared to non-PCOS patients with and without endometrial hyperplasia. In vitro experiments showed that 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) enhanced androgen receptor, TLR4, IRF-7, and p-NFκB p65 protein expression along with increased IFNα and IFNɣ abundance. The effects of DHT on IRF-7, p-NFκB p65, and IFN abundance were abolished by flutamide, an anti-androgen. Although 17β-estradiol (E2) decreased p-IRF-7 expression with little effect on TLR-mediated IRF7 and NFκB signaling or on cytokine protein levels, exposure to metformin alone or in combination with E2 suppressed IRAK4, p-IRF-7, IRF-7, IKKα, p-NFκB p65, IFNɣ, and TNFα protein expression.Cytokine synthesis and increased endometrial inflammation in PCOS patients is coupled to androgen-induced TLR4/IRF-7/NFkB signaling, which is be inhibited by metformin treatment.
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29.
  • Hu, Songlin, et al. (författare)
  • L2 -Gain-Based Path Following Control for Autonomous Vehicles Under Time-Constrained DoS Attacks
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; , s. 1-13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are being enhanced by introducing wireless communication to improve their intelligence, reliability and efficiency. Despite all of these distinct advantages, the open wireless communication links and connectivity make the AVs' vulnerability to cyber-attacks. This paper proposes an L-2 -gain-based resilient path following control strategy for AVs under time-constrained denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and external interference. A switching-like path following control model of AVs is first built in the presence of DoS attacks, which is characterized by the lower and upper bounds of the sleeping period and active period of the DoS attacker. Then, the exponential stability and L-2 -gain performance of the resulting switched system are analyzed by using a time-varying Lyapunov function method. On the basis of the obtained analysis results, L-2 -gain-based resilient controllers are designed to achieve an acceptable path-following performance despite the presence of such DoS attacks. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed L-2 -gain-based resilient path following control method is confirmed by the simulation results obtained for the considered AVs model with different DoS attack parameters.
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30.
  • Hu, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • Dynamic Event-Triggered Adaptive Formation With Disturbance Rejection for Marine Vehicles Under Unknown Model Dynamics
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 72:5, s. 5664-5676
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper investigates the dynamic event-triggered adaptive neural coordinated disturbance rejection for marine vehicles with external disturbances as the sinusoidal superpositions with unknown frequencies, amplitudes and phases. The vehicle movement mathematical models are transformed into parameterized expressions with the neural networks approximating nonlinear dynamics. The parametric exogenous systems are exploited to express external disturbances, which are converted into the linear canonical models with coordinated changes. The adaptive technique together with disturbance filters realize the disturbance estimation and rejection. By using the vectorial backstepping, the dynamic event-triggered adaptive neural coordinated disturbance rejection controller is derived with the dynamic event-triggering conditions being incorporated to reduce execution frequencies of vehicle's propulsion systems. The coordinated formation control can be achieved with the closed-loop semi-global stability. The dynamic event-triggered adaptive disturbance rejection scheme achieves the disturbance estimation and cancellation without requiring the a priori marine vehicle's model dynamics. Illustrative simulations and comparisons validate the proposed scheme.
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31.
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32.
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33.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • An advanced electrocatalyst for efficient synthesis of ammonia based on chemically coupled NiS@MoS2 heterostructured nanospheres
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Sustainable Energy & Fuels. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2398-4902. ; 5:10, s. 2640-2648
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The electrochemical reduction of nitrogen, as a sustainable alternative to the known Haber-Bosch process, possesses promising application prospects in the development of renewable energy storage systems. However, the yield of NH3 and Faraday efficiency are usually very low owing to the loss of active electrocatalysts and competitive hydrogen evolution reactions. Herein, uniform NiS@MoS2 core-shell microspheres are controllably prepared as a potential catalyst for an ambient electrocatalytic N-2 reduction reaction. The NiS@MoS2 microspheres possess highly active intrinsic, sufficient accessible active sites, high structural porosity, and convenient transport channels, consequently boosting the transmission of electrons and mass. Additionally, the interfacial interaction between NiS and MoS2 facilitates electron transfer, which further improves the catalytic activity by optimizing the free energies of reaction intermediates. As a result, the titled NiS@MoS2 shows excellent electrochemical activity and selectivity, capable of achieving a relatively high NH3 yield of 9.66 mu g h(-1) mg(cat)(-1) at -0.3 V (vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) and a high FE of 14.8% at -0.1 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M Na2SO4. The work demonstrated here may open a new avenue for the rational design and synthesis of catalysts for the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia.
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34.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • Construction of Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water-Urea Splitting
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 18:14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Developing efficient and robust non-precious-metal-based catalysts to accelerate electrocatalytic reaction kinetics is crucial for electrochemical water-urea splitting. Herein, Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 heterostructured microspheres, an electrocatalyst, are synthesized via etching Prussian blue analogues following a controlled annealing treatment. The resulting microspheres are constructed by mesoporous nanoplates, granting the virtues of large surface areas, high structural void porosity, and accessible inner surface. These advantages not only provide more redox reaction centers but also strengthen structural robustness and effectively facilitate the mass diffusion and charge transport. Density functional theory simulations validate that the Fe-doping improves the conductivity of nickel sulfides, whereas the NiS-NiS2 heterojunctions induce interface charge rearrangement for optimizing the adsorption free energy of intermediates, resulting in a low overpotential and high electrocatalytic activity. Specifically, an ultralow overpotential of 270 mV at 50 mA cm(-2) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is achieved. After adding 0.33 M urea into 1 M KOH, Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 obtains a strikingly reduced urea oxidation reaction potential of 1.36 V to reach 50 mA cm(-2), around 140 mV less than OER. This work provides insights into the synergistic modulation of electrocatalytic activity of non-noble catalysts for applications in energy conversion systems.
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35.
  • Huang, Shan, et al. (författare)
  • Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Cellular Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-3428 .- 2211-3436. ; 46:4, s. 953-967
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole.METHODS: Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apc min/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
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36.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • Encapsulating Fe2O3 Nanotubes into Carbon-Coated Co9S8 Nanocages Derived from a MOFs-Directed Strategy for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reactions and Li-Ions Storage
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 17:51
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The development of high-efficiency, robust, and available electrode materials for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is critical for clean and sustainable energy system but remains challenging. Herein, a unique yolk-shell structure of Fe2O3 nanotube@hollow Co9S8 nanocage@C is rationally prepared. In a prearranged sequence, the fabrication of Fe2O3 nanotubes is followed by coating of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) layer, chemical etching of ZIF-67 by thioacetamide, and eventual annealing treatment. Benefiting from the hollow structures of Fe2O3 nanotubes and Co9S8 nanocages, the conductivity of carbon coating and the synergy effects between different components, the titled sample possesses abundant accessible active sites, favorable electron transfer rate, and exceptional reaction kinetics in the electrocatalysis. As a result, excellent electrocatalytic activity for alkaline OER is achieved, which delivers a low overpotential of 205 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm(-2) along with the Tafel slope of 55 mV dec(-1). Moreover, this material exhibits excellent high-rate capability and excellent cycle life when employed as anode material of LIBs. This work provides a novel approach for the design and the construction of multifunctional electrode materials for energy conversion and storage.
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37.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • Fabrication of multi-layer CoSnO3@carbon-caged NiCo2O4 nanobox for enhanced lithium storage performance
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier Science SA. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 410
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Mixed transition metal oxides (MTMOs) are deemed as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, the low electrical conductivity, agglomeration effects, and huge volume variation during discharging/charging still seriously restrict the actual applications of MTMOs as anode materials. Herein, a novel core-shell structure of CoSnO3@carbon-caged NiCo2O4 nanobox (CNC) is rationally designed. It starts from the preparation of CoSnO3@ZIF-67 core-shell nanocubes, followed by chemical etching/anion exchange, dopamine coating and carbonization at high temperature in sequence. It is shown that the CNC achieves high activities from the applied MTMOs components, excellent relief of volume variation from the unique double hollow structure, improved conductivity and inhabited aggregations from the uniform-coated outmost carbon shell, and effective ion/electron transfer rates from the synergetic effects. As a result, the CNC exhibits a discharge capacity of 1548 mA h g(-1) at the first cycle and a retention capacity of 992 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g(-1). In addition, it exhibits a high reversible capacity of about 670 mA h g(-1) after 500 cycles at a current density of 1 A g(-1). The improved Li+ storage performances of CNC demonstrates that such rational design of double hollow structure could be a novel strategy to apply MTMOs as anode materials of LIBs.
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38.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • Hierarchical CoFe LDH/MOF nanorods array with strong coupling effect grown on carbon cloth enables efficient oxidation of water and urea
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 32:38
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) play important roles in the fields of hydrogen energy production and pollution treatment. Herein, a facile one-step chemical etching strategy is provided for fabricating one-dimensional hierarchical nanorods array composed of CoFe layered double hydroxide (LDH)/metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) supported on carbon cloth as efficient and stable OER and UOR catalysts. By precisely controlling the etching rate, the ligands from Co-MOFs are partially removed, the corresponding metal centers then coordinate with hydroxyl ions to generate ultrathin amorphous CoFe LDH nanosheets. The resultant CoFe LDH/MOFs catalyst possesses large active surface area, enhanced conductivity and extended electron/mass transfer channels, which are beneficial for catalytic reactions. Additionally, the intimate contact between CoFe LDH and MOFs modulates the local electronic structure of the catalytic active site, leading to enhanced adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates to facilitate fast electrocatalytic reaction. As a result, the optimized CoFe LDH/MOF-0.06 exhibits superior OER activity with a low overpotential of 276 at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) with long-term durability. Additionally, it merely requires a voltage of 1.45 V to obtain 10 mA cm(-2) in 1 M KOH solution with 0.33 urea and is 56 mV lower than the one in pure KOH. The work presented here may hew out a brand-new route to construct multi-functional electrocatalysts for water splitting, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions and so on.
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39.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (författare)
  • Synergistically modulating electronic structure of NiS2 hierarchical architectures by phosphorus doping and sulfur-vacancies defect engineering enables efficient electrocatalytic water splitting
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 420
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The synergistic achievement of heteroatom doping, defect engineering and appropriate structural design is efficient to adjust and boost the catalytic performance of catalysts yet challenging. Herein, phosphorus (P)-doped NiS2 hierarchical architectures with sulfur vacancies are synthesized via a Prussian-blue-analogue-sacrificed strategy followed by a phosphidation process. By modulation of P doping and sulfur vacancies, the optimal catalyst manifests outstanding electrocatalytic activities, affording low overpotentials of 73 mV at 10 mA cm-2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and 255 mV at 20 mA cm-2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Density functional theory calculations certify that the P dopant not only serves as the new active sites, but also activates the electrochemical activity of neighboring Ni and S sites. Moreover, the synergistic effect of P-doping and sulfur vacancies further improve electrochemical activities of HER and OER by optimizing the adsorption free energy of hydrogen (Delta GH*) and oxygen-containing intermediates (OH*, O* and OOH*), respectively. This finding provides a directive strategy to achieve efficient non-noble metal catalysts for energy conversion and storage.
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40.
  • Jones, Benedict C, et al. (författare)
  • To which world regions does the valence-dominance model of social perception apply?
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3374. ; 5:1, s. 159-169
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov's valence-dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov's methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov's original analysis strategy, the valence-dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence-dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 5 November 2018. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7611443.v1 .
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41.
  • Koelmel, Jeremy P., et al. (författare)
  • An actionable annotation scoring framework for gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Exposome. - : Oxford University Press. - 2635-2265 .- 2635-2265. ; 2:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Omics-based technologies have enabled comprehensive characterization of our exposure to environmental chemicals (chemical exposome) as well as assessment of the corresponding biological responses at the molecular level (eg, metabolome, lipidome, proteome, and genome). By systematically measuring personal exposures and linking these stimuli to biological perturbations, researchers can determine specific chemical exposures of concern, identify mechanisms and biomarkers of toxicity, and design interventions to reduce exposures. However, further advancement of metabolomics and exposomics approaches is limited by a lack of standardization and approaches for assigning confidence to chemical annotations. While a wealth of chemical data is generated by gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS), incorporating GC-HRMS data into an annotation framework and communicating confidence in these assignments is challenging. It is essential to be able to compare chemical data for exposomics studies across platforms to build upon prior knowledge and advance the technology. Here, we discuss the major pieces of evidence provided by common GC-HRMS workflows, including retention time and retention index, electron ionization, positive chemical ionization, electron capture negative ionization, and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization spectral matching, molecular ion, accurate mass, isotopic patterns, database occurrence, and occurrence in blanks. We then provide a qualitative framework for incorporating these various lines of evidence for communicating confidence in GC-HRMS data by adapting the Schymanski scoring schema developed for reporting confidence levels by liquid chromatography HRMS (LC-HRMS). Validation of our framework is presented using standards spiked in plasma, and confident annotations in outdoor and indoor air samples, showing a false-positive rate of 12% for suspect screening for chemical identifications assigned as Level 2 (when structurally similar isomers are not considered false positives). This framework is easily adaptable to various workflows and provides a concise means to communicate confidence in annotations. Further validation, refinements, and adoption of this framework will ideally lead to harmonization across the field, helping to improve the quality and interpretability of compound annotations obtained in GC-HRMS.
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42.
  • Kong, Tianjiao, et al. (författare)
  • EEG-Based Emotion Recognition Using an Improved Weighted Horizontal Visibility Graph
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 21:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Emotion recognition, as a challenging and active research area, has received considerable awareness in recent years. In this study, an attempt was made to extract complex network features from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for emotion recognition. We proposed a novel method of constructing forward weighted horizontal visibility graphs (FWHVG) and backward weighted horizontal visibility graphs (BWHVG) based on angle measurement. The two types of complex networks were used to extract network features. Then, the two feature matrices were fused into a single feature matrix to classify EEG signals. The average emotion recognition accuracies based on complex network features of proposed method in the valence and arousal dimension were 97.53% and 97.75%. The proposed method achieved classification accuracies of 98.12% and 98.06% for valence and arousal when combined with time-domain features.
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43.
  • Le, Thanh-Tung, et al. (författare)
  • Phosphorus-doped Fe7S8@C nanowires for efficient electrochemical hydrogen and oxygen evolutions: Controlled synthesis and electronic modulation on active sites
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science & Technology. - : JOURNAL MATER SCI TECHNOL. - 1005-0302. ; 74, s. 168-175
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Developing low-cost, efficient, and stable non-precious-metal electrocatalysts with controlled crystal structure, morphology and compositions are highly desirable for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. Herein, a series of phosphorus-doped Fe7S8 nanowires integrated within carbon (P-Fe7S8@C) are rationally synthesized via a one-step phosphorization of one-dimensional (1D) Fe-based organic-inorganic nanowires. The as-obtained P-Fe7S8@C catalysts with modified electronic configurations present typical porous structure, providing plentiful active sites for rapid reaction kinetics. Density functional calculations demonstrate that the doping Fe7S8 with P can effectively enhance the electron density of Fe7S8 around the Fermi level and weaken the Fe-H bonding, leading to the decrease of adsorption free energy barrier on active sites. As a result, the optimal catalyst of P-Fe7S8-600@C exhibits a relatively low overpotential of 136 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to reach the current density of 10 mA/cm(2), and a significantly low overpotential of 210 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 20 mA/cm(2) in alkaline media. The work presented here may pave the way to design and synthesis of other prominent Fe-based catalysts for water splitting via electronic regulation. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
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44.
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45.
  • Li, Xiaojuan, et al. (författare)
  • Climate and soil properties drive soil organic and inorganic carbon patterns across a latitudinal gradient in southwestern China
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Soils and Sediments. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1614-7480 .- 1439-0108. ; 23:1, s. 91-102
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PurposeDrylands account for 47.2% of land area and contain 15.5% of global carbon (C). However, the variation in organic and inorganic C stocks across latitudinal gradients in arid and semiarid shrubland ecosystems remains understudied, and we lack in-depth understanding of the main drivers of C variation at this spatial scale.MethodsHere, we sampled soils from 95 sites across a latitudinal gradient to explore both the latitudinal patterns and potential drivers of soil organic carbon density (SOCD) and soil inorganic carbon density (SICD). We also assessed variation in SOCD and SICD down the soil profile, by sampling soils at four depths (0 – 10 cm, 10 – 20 cm, 20 – 30 cm, and 30 – 50 cm).ResultBoth SOCD and SICD exhibited a binomial relationship with latitude (P < 0.01). Soil properties accounted for the greatest variation in SOCD, with the most important explanatory factor being exchangeable calcium, followed by mean annual temperature, pH, plant diversity, and silt content. Soil pH and plant diversity were more important in explaining variation in SOCD in the subsoil (> 20 cm depth) than the topsoil. For SICD, soil properties explained the greatest variation at all depths. Soil pH explained the most variance in SICD, followed by exchangeable calcium and mean annual temperature in the topsoil (i.e., 0 – 10 cm and 10 – 20 cm). In the subsoil (i.e., 20 – 30 cm and 30 – 50 cm), exchangeable calcium was the most important predictor, followed by soil organic carbon, mean annual temperature, and pH.ConclusionOur study shows that soil properties are a strong predictor of latitudinal patterns of soil organic and inorganic C in arid and semiarid shrubland ecosystems. We also identified differences in potential drivers of SOCD and SICD with depth, advancing our understanding of large-scale patterns of C storage in arid and semiarid soils.
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46.
  • Li, Xiaojuan, et al. (författare)
  • Latitudinal patterns of light and heavy organic matter fractions in arid and semi-arid soils
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Catena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0341-8162. ; 215
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Semi-arid and arid ecosystems are important for the global C cycle. Despite this, it remains unclear how organic matter fractions vary across latitudinal gradients, and what drives this variation, in dry ecosystems. In this study, we sampled soils from 100 sites across a latitudinal gradient in the dry valleys of southwestern China to explore the latitudinal patterns of light fraction organic matter (LFOM) and heavy fraction organic matter (HFOM) at two soil depths (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm). Across the studied gradient, HFOM accounted for a larger fraction of soil organic matter than LFOM. LFOM increased exponentially with increasing latitude at both 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depths. Heavy fraction organic C increased linearly with increasing latitude at both depths, while heavy fraction organic N only increased with latitude in soils from 10 to 20 cm depth. Latitudinal patterns of LFOM were mainly explained by climate, with the most important driver being mean annual temperature, followed by mean annual precipitation. Soil physicochemical factors – in particular cation exchange capacity and silt content – explained the most variation in HFOM. Total microbial biomass was also important in explaining variation in HFOM, especially in the 10–20 cm soil layer. Overall, our results shed light on the spatial distribution of organic matter fractions in arid and semi-arid regions. We also identify candidate drivers of the variation in LFOM and HFOM in arid and semi-arid regions, finding that climate primarily explains variation in LFOM while soil physiochemistry primarily explains variation in HFOM.
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47.
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48.
  • Li, Xing-Yu, et al. (författare)
  • Comparative Study of Dayside Pulsating Auroras Induced by Ultralow-Frequency Waves
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Universe. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1997. ; 9:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pulsating auroras are usually observed with ultralow-frequency (ULF) waves in the Pc 3-5 band (period 10-600 s). These auroras are thought to result from interactions between energetic electrons and chorus waves, but their relationship with ULF waves remains an open question. In this study, we investigated this question by conducting a comparative study on two ULF wave events with pulsating auroras observed near the magnetic footprints. Conjugate observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission and the Chinese Yellow River Station were used. In both events, lower-band chorus waves were observed, which were suggested to be connected with the auroral pulsations by wavelet analysis. The intensity of these waves oscillates at the period of the ULF waves, but the physics laid behind them differs by events. During the event of 22 January 2019, compressional ULF waves changed the threshold for the whistler anisotropy instability periodically, affecting the emission of chorus waves. In the event on 10 January 2016, poloidal ULF waves modulated the chorus wave generation by regulating electron temperature anisotropy through drift resonance. ULF waves in these events may originate from perturbations in the solar wind. We highlight the role of ULF waves in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, which requires further study.
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49.
  • Liu, Wei, Assistant Professor, 1987-, et al. (författare)
  • An open-source and experimentally guided CFD strategy for predicting air distribution in data centers with air-cooling
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Building and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-1323 .- 1873-684X. ; 242
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Data centers are generally over cooled to ensure the trouble free running. In a data center with air-cooling, it is crucial to investigate the air distribution and temperature field to aid the design, which ensures the stable operation with less energy consumption. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is perfect for such a mission, but the cost is high and the user is offered with little customization as commercial software are mostly adopted. Therefore, this study presented a systematic investigation on making use of open-source software, including OpenFOAM and paraView to realize geometry preparation, mesh generation, experimentally guided numerical setup and solution, and results visualization. A JAVA program was developed to ensure the case preparation and simulation in just one command. Self-adapted momentum sources were developed to realize the desired flow rate through the servers. The strategy was validated and demonstrated by a pilot data center from Alibaba cloud, Alibaba group. The developed solver predicted the air temperature in both cold and hot isles of a data center with mean error of 0.7 K. This work initiated a starting point for achieving automated CFD simulation of data centers with open-source tools.
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50.
  • Ma, Xin, et al. (författare)
  • [CH3NH3][M(HCOO)3]-based 2D porous NiCo2S4 nanosheets for high-performance supercapacitors with high power densities
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 437
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cost-effective and high-performance electrode materials for energy storage and conversion are essential for commercial applications. In this work, the influence of solvent on the morphologies of [CH3NH3][M(HCOO)3] precursors was studied to design and synthesize two-dimensional (2D) porous NiCo2S4 nanosheets with different structures. As an electrode material for supercapacitors, Microflower-NiCo2S4 exhibits excellent capacitance (1,141 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and stability (88.2% of initial capacitance maintained after 5,000 cycles at 5 A g−1). Moreover, an asymmetric capacitor was constructed using Microflower-NiCo2S4 and porous carbon (PC) and demonstrated an energy density of 51.25 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 397.5 W kg−1. When two Microflower-NiCo2S4//PC asymmetric supercapacitors were assembled in series, the device supplied power for an alarm clock with dimensions of 6.1 × 6.1 cm2 for more than 32 min. Therefore, the preparation of metal sulfides and metal oxides with hollow structures using a [CH3NH3][M(HCOO)3]-template has potential applications in energy storage and conversion.
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